US3745400A - Igniter plug - Google Patents

Igniter plug Download PDF

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Publication number
US3745400A
US3745400A US00237306A US3745400DA US3745400A US 3745400 A US3745400 A US 3745400A US 00237306 A US00237306 A US 00237306A US 3745400D A US3745400D A US 3745400DA US 3745400 A US3745400 A US 3745400A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
insulator
shell
electrode
metal
igniter plug
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00237306A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bendix Corp
Unison Industries LLC
Original Assignee
Bendix Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Corp filed Critical Bendix Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3745400A publication Critical patent/US3745400A/en
Assigned to IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION reassignment IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.
Assigned to HOUSEHOLD COMMERCIAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. reassignment HOUSEHOLD COMMERCIAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Assigned to UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, 530 BLACKHAWK PARK AVE., ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS 61108, A DE. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP reassignment UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, 530 BLACKHAWK PARK AVE., ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS 61108, A DE. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
    • F02C7/264—Ignition
    • F02C7/266—Electric

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An igniterplu'g for a turbine engine capable of operating at high temperatures without failure of internal pressure seals that prevent the leakage of gases from the combustion chamber of the turbine through the igniter plug that adversely affect the ignition exciter assembly.
  • the novel internal pressure seal within the igniter plug includes a cylindrical metal sleeve having a first portion brazed to an intermediate insulator that surrounds a central electrode and a second portion of larger diameter that has its edge welded around the periphery thereof to the igniter plug shell. This arrangement allows the igniter plug shell and intermediate insulator to expand and contract in response to extreme changes in temperature without breaking the pressure seal between the shell and the insulator.
  • This invention relates to a spark discharge device for igniting combustible materials and more particularly to an improved igniter plug for igniting fuel in a turbine engine.
  • the invention is most particularly related to a novel internal pressure seal within the igniter plug that prevents the escape of gases from the engine.
  • Igniter plugs generally comprise a metal shell or body that has a flange or other mounting means for mounting the igniter plug in a turbine engine, the shell constituting one electrode of the igniter plug.
  • a central electrode passes through the shell and is supported by an insulator which surrounds the central electrode and which is fitted into an opening in the metal shell.
  • a copper packing ring or bushing is then provided between the insulator and the shell in order to seal the opening in the body, through which the insulator extends, against escape of gases. Even though the seal is initially tight, the copper packing will, after a period of use under the pressures encountered in the engine and under the repeated action of heating and cooling and under vibration, become loose and permit the escape of gases which will allow engine pressure to leak through the igniter plug.
  • present day spark discharge devices do not provide an internal pressure seal between the insulator and shell that operate satisfactorily over long periods of time when subjected to frequent thermal expansion and contraction.
  • This invention provides an igniter plug for turbine engines that has a greater capability of preventing the escape of gas from the engines than previous igniter plugs.
  • the invention is an improved igniter plug characterized by a pressure sealing metal diaphragm that has the inside of one end portion brazed to the insulator that surrounds the central electrode and the other end welded to the end of the igniter shell.
  • the igniter plug comprises an inner elongated electrode (30); and intermediate insulator (40) surrounding the electrode; an outer elongated metal shell (20) coaxially arranged around the electrode and the insulator; and a metal diaphragm (1) that has one portion brazed (11) to the insulator and one end welded (21) to the shell so that the rear portion of the diaphragm can compensate for radial and axial movement of the insulator and shell, thereby retaining a pressure-tight seal between the pressurized gases within the engine and atmosphere.
  • an igniter plug that includes a pressure sealing metal diaphragm that can be subjected to greater radial and axial expansion and contraction than previous devices without failing.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of an igniter plug that utilizes the principles of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of thediaphragm that is used to accomplish the objects of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an igniter plug wherein there is a fluid-tight seal between the central electrode30 and the outer shell 20.
  • fluid-tight or pressure-tight when used herein means a seal between two members that prevents the flow of fluid, such as gas, even under pressure, between the two members.
  • the igniter plug comprises an elongated central electrode 30; a ceramic insulator 40; a first metal diaphragm 50; the outer metal shell 20 which forms the from which the spark discharge occurs includes a cylin-' drically shaped end portion that is of a much larger diameter than the rest of the electrode which contains therein one or more passages 31 for the passage of gas to cool the tip of the electrode 30 during operation.
  • a ceramic insulator 40 Surrounding most of the central electrode 30 is a ceramic insulator 40 which electrically isolates the central electrode 30 from the outer shell electrode 20. To prevent any gases from escaping through the bore 41 of the insulator 40, a first diaphragm 50 connects (brazed) and seals in fluid-tight relationship the insulator 40 and the center electrode 30.
  • the first diaphragm 50 is generally comprised of a metallic material that is brazed to form a continuous 360 bond 51 between the first diaphragm 50 and a portion of the inside of the insulator 40. To assure a fluid-tight seal between the first diaphragm 50 and the central electrode 30, first diaphragm 50 is brazed to the central electrode to form a continuous 360 degree bond 52.
  • a cylindrical copper wedge seal 60 is located between the outer shell 20 and intermediate insulator 40.
  • a second forward ceramic insulator 80 having a shoulder 81 is also positioned within the shell 20 to prevent radial and axial movement of the control electrode 30 that might result in contact between the control electrode 30 and the shell electrode 20, hence preventing electrical short circuits.
  • the outer shell 20 includes a mounting flange 21 for mounting the igniter plug in a turbine engine; intake and exhaust ports 24, 25, 26 for allowing the entrance and exit of engine gases into the igniter plug to cool the electrode 30; and a forward shell portion or cap 23 that is welded to the shell 20 at point 29.
  • the front portion of the shell cap 23 includes an opening 22 that forms the discharge surface of the shell electrode 20 that with the discharge surface 32 of the control electrode 30 forms the discharge gap.
  • the second diaphragm 1 is preferably a metallic material, such as a nickel iron alloy chosen for its resilient features over a wide range of temperatures to 700F), and is concentrically arranged around the intermediate insulator 40.
  • the forward portion of the diaphragm 1 is brazed to the insulator 40 to form a continuous 360 bond 11 between the insulator 40 and the second diaphragm l.
  • the opposite end of the diaphragm 1 is welded to the shell to form a continuous 360 bond 12 between the diaphragm i and the shell 20. It is important to note at this particular point that the second diaphragm 1 is assembled between the insulator 40 and the shell 20 in a position opposite to that of any previous type igniter plug.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a cutaway view of the second diaphragm 1 that is welded to the shell 20 and brazed to the insulator 40.
  • the diaphragm includes a cylindrical rear portion 2 connected to a cylindrical front portion 4 which is of a smaller diameter than the rear portion connected together by a conical portion 3 which has an axis of rotation B that makes an angle of 45 degrees with the axis A of the cylindrical portions.
  • the connecting link 3 between the two cylindrical portions is preferably at an angle less than degrees so as to provide some resilience between the two cylindrical portions and is preferably between 35 and 55 degrees. It is this conical portion 3 and the larger cylindrical portion 2 that compensates for most of the axial and radial expansion of and between the insulator 40 and shell 20.
  • This portion by flexing, allows the shell 20 and insulator 40 to expand and contract without breaking the integrity of the pressure-tight seal therebetween.
  • Another advantage of connecting the diaphragm l to the shell 20 by a weld is that a weld is capable of operating at higher temperatures under greater stresses and strains than a brazing bond without failure.
  • a third diaphragm may be introduced farther down the insulator.
  • the rear portion of the shell 20 could be made of more than one piece so that there would be an internal shoulder beneath the external mounting flange 21 for welding of the third diaphragm thereto.
  • the configuration of the diaphragm 1 may be shaped to match the configuration of the inner diameter of the shell 20 and the outer diameter of the insulator 40 where the weld and braze are made, respectively.
  • coaxial cylindrical tubes are the easiest shapes to work with but the invention is not limited to those shapes. Accordingly, it is intended that the illustrative and descriptive materials herein be used to illustrate the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope thereof.
  • a spark plug of the type having an inner elongated electrode having a front portion and a rear portion; an intermediate elongated insulator disposed around at least a portion of the electrode, said insulator having a front portion and a rear portion; means for providing a pressure tight seal between said inner electrode and said elongated insulator; an outer elongated metal shell disposed around the electrode and electrically isolated therefrom by the insulator, said metal shell having a rear portion that has an opening therein and a front end portion arranged to provide a spark gap with the end of the front portion of said electrode, the improvement comprising:
  • a metal sleeve having a front end portion that includes an opening that is in mated relationship with the rear portion of said insulator, the inside of said front end portion of said sleeve annularly brazed to the outside rear portion of said insulator; and a rear end portion having a configuration that matches the opening in the rear of said metal shell, the rear end of said metal sleeve annularly welded to the rear end of said metal shell, said metal sleeve comprised of a single piece of metal that has two cylindrical portions of different diameters connected together by a third portion having an axis of revolution that makes an angle with the axis of said cylindrical portions between about 35 to 55 degrees, whereby said insulator and said shell are connected together by said sleeve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
US00237306A 1972-03-23 1972-03-23 Igniter plug Expired - Lifetime US3745400A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23730672A 1972-03-23 1972-03-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3745400A true US3745400A (en) 1973-07-10

Family

ID=22893188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00237306A Expired - Lifetime US3745400A (en) 1972-03-23 1972-03-23 Igniter plug

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3745400A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (2) JPS5337152Y2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CA (1) CA962151A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE2314669C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
FR (1) FR2177034B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1400130A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
IT (1) IT981590B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3878418A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-15 Bendix Corp Igniter plug
US3882338A (en) * 1974-01-16 1975-05-06 Bendix Corp Igniter plug
US5073741A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-12-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Igniter plug
US5434741A (en) * 1993-11-16 1995-07-18 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Consumable semiconductor igniter plug
US5477104A (en) * 1992-01-28 1995-12-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug resistant to accidental discharges
FR2740272A1 (fr) * 1995-10-21 1997-04-25 Smiths Industries Plc Joint d'etancheite et dispositif d'allumage
GB2309049A (en) * 1995-10-21 1997-07-16 Smiths Industries Plc Igniter plug, eg for a turbine engine, with seal brazed to metallised surface of ceramic insulator
US6597088B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2003-07-22 Avb List Gmbh Spark plug with pressure measuring device
US20090184101A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-07-23 John Hoffman Sheathed glow plug
US20100133253A1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-06-03 Walker Jr William J Glow plug with improved seal, heater probe assembly therefor and method of construction thereof
US20100200392A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-08-12 Microvast, Inc. Photodegradation Catalyst and Photodegradation Catalyst Precursor Comprising Metal Halide or Metal Oxyhalide

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS577218Y2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1976-11-09 1982-02-10
JPH0642804B2 (ja) * 1988-11-01 1994-06-08 松山株式会社 収穫機
CN115199410B (zh) * 2022-07-21 2024-11-19 华能国际电力股份有限公司 一种快速响应的重型燃气轮机点火装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE839746C (de) * 1952-04-10 Robert Bosch G.m. b.H., Stuttgart Zündkerze mit keramischem Isolator
CH235111A (de) * 1942-08-12 1944-11-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zündkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen.
GB610154A (en) * 1945-04-02 1948-10-12 Gen Motors Corp Spark plugs and methods of making the same
GB867031A (en) * 1959-02-12 1961-05-03 Bendix Corp Spark discharge device
US3238447A (en) * 1961-08-15 1966-03-01 Gen Motors Corp Igniter plug with spark-sensing means
US3229144A (en) * 1962-08-29 1966-01-11 Champion Spark Plug Co Spark plug with conical seat sealing washer

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882338A (en) * 1974-01-16 1975-05-06 Bendix Corp Igniter plug
US3878418A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-15 Bendix Corp Igniter plug
US5073741A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-12-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Igniter plug
US5477104A (en) * 1992-01-28 1995-12-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug resistant to accidental discharges
US5434741A (en) * 1993-11-16 1995-07-18 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Consumable semiconductor igniter plug
GB2309049A (en) * 1995-10-21 1997-07-16 Smiths Industries Plc Igniter plug, eg for a turbine engine, with seal brazed to metallised surface of ceramic insulator
FR2740272A1 (fr) * 1995-10-21 1997-04-25 Smiths Industries Plc Joint d'etancheite et dispositif d'allumage
US5838094A (en) * 1995-10-21 1998-11-17 Smiths Industries Plc Seals and igniters
GB2309049B (en) * 1995-10-21 1999-03-24 Smiths Industries Plc Seals and igniters
US6597088B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2003-07-22 Avb List Gmbh Spark plug with pressure measuring device
US20100200392A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-08-12 Microvast, Inc. Photodegradation Catalyst and Photodegradation Catalyst Precursor Comprising Metal Halide or Metal Oxyhalide
US20090184101A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-07-23 John Hoffman Sheathed glow plug
US20100133253A1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-06-03 Walker Jr William J Glow plug with improved seal, heater probe assembly therefor and method of construction thereof
US8410403B2 (en) 2008-10-23 2013-04-02 Federal Mogul Ignition Company Glow plug with improved seal, heater probe assembly therefor and method of construction thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1400130A (en) 1975-07-16
JPS5337152Y2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1978-09-08
JPS49136754U (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1974-11-25
FR2177034B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1976-05-21
IT981590B (it) 1974-10-10
DE2314669A1 (de) 1973-10-04
JPS49136925U (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1974-11-26
CA962151A (en) 1975-02-04
FR2177034A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1973-11-02
DE2314669C2 (de) 1983-06-01

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: HOUSEHOLD COMMERCIAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:005012/0090

Effective date: 19890106

Owner name: IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.;REEL/FRAME:005012/0079

Effective date: 19881231

AS Assignment

Owner name: UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, 530 BLACKHA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005164/0245

Effective date: 19890106