US3745369A - Circuit breaker - Google Patents

Circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3745369A
US3745369A US00259870A US25987072A US3745369A US 3745369 A US3745369 A US 3745369A US 00259870 A US00259870 A US 00259870A US 25987072 A US25987072 A US 25987072A US 3745369 A US3745369 A US 3745369A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
current limiter
self
breaker
type current
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00259870A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kiyoshi Yamagata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB2690272A priority Critical patent/GB1398892A/en
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to US00259870A priority patent/US3745369A/en
Priority to DE2228592A priority patent/DE2228592B2/de
Priority to FR7221241A priority patent/FR2188338A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3745369A publication Critical patent/US3745369A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1045—Multiple circuits-breaker, e.g. for the purpose of dividing current or potential drop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
    • G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection

Definitions

  • a circuit breaker includes the series combination of a breaker element and a self-restoring type current limiter in a feeder circuit.
  • the self-restoring type current limiter responds to the current of the feeder circuit.
  • a relay is provided and responds to the voltage between both of the terminals of the self-restoring type current limiter so as to cause a breaking operation of the breaker under abnormal operating conditions.
  • This invention generally relates to circuit breakers and more particularly to a circuit breaker which serially includes as circuit breaker and a current limiter such that any overcurrent will be limited by the current limiter and detected whereupon the ciruit breaker will be automatically restored for reuse after the overcurrent condition is eliminated.
  • a circuit breaker which includes a breaker and self-restoring type current limiter in a feeder circuit.
  • the self-restoring type current limiter responds to the current of the feeder circuit.
  • a relay is provided and responds to the voltage across the selfrestoring type current limiter to cause a breaking operation of the breaker under abnormal or overcurrent conditions.
  • a circuit diagram of one preferred embodiment of the circuit breaker of this invention is shown as including a self-restoring type current limiter wherein an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium or a mixture thereof is packed in a case.
  • the currenlimiter 10 has high conductivity at normal temperatures, but has a high electrical resistance when the alkali metal is vaporized by the Joule-heat of a current.
  • a detector coil 20 is provided and is excited by a high voltage as a result of an increase in the resistance between the terminals of the self-restoring type current limiter 10.
  • a switch 30 is provided and is operated by the detector coil 20. The detector coil 20 and the operation switch 30 form a relay R.
  • a breaker 40 is connected in series with the selfrestoring type current limiter l0 and the combination constitutes a feeder circuit.
  • a conventional voltageoutgoing means 50 which is connected to the operation switch 30 is provided and the same is excited by impressing a rated voltage thereacross. At such time the ratch mechanism of the breaker 40 is operated by a suction generated thereby to open the breaker 40.
  • a voltage-power source-terminal 60 is provided for supplying the necessary voltage for operating the voltageoutgoing means 50 when the operation switch 30 is closed.
  • An electric power source terminal and a load terminal are provided for the breaker 40.
  • the self-restoring type current limiter 10 Under normal operating conditions, the self-restoring type current limiter 10 has good electrical conductivity and, accordingly, the voltage between the terminals of the detector coil 20 is small. Thus, the relay R is not operated and the operation switch 30 will remain in an open condition. Accordingly, the circuit of the voltageoutgoing means 50 will be in open circuit so that electric power is supplied from the electric-power sourceterminal 70 through the breaker 40 and the selfrestoring type current limiter 10 to the load through terminal 80.
  • the current limiting material in the self-restoring type current limiter 10 When an overcurrent occurs due to a shot-circuit accident in the load or the like, the current limiting material in the self-restoring type current limiter 10 will be vaporized by the Joule-heat caused by the overcurrent. A high electrical resistance will thereby exist across the current limiter 10 and a high voltage will thus be impressed between the terminals of the current limiter 10 and the short-circuit current caused by the accident will thereby be limited.
  • the detector coil 20 will be excited by the high voltage across the current limiter l0 and the relay R will be operated to shut the operation switch 30 and thereby impress a voltage from the voltage-power source-terminal 60 to the voltage-outgoing means 50.
  • the voltage-outgoing means will cause operation of the ratch mechanism of the breaker 40 (not shown in the drawing) by suction in response to the voltage which is impressed on the coil of the voltageoutgoing means 50, whereby the breaker 40 will be opened and break the supply of electric power from the power source at terminal 70 and thereby protect the circuit from the overcurrent.
  • the current limiting material of the current limiter 10 When the cause of the accident is removed, the current limiting material of the current limiter 10 will be cooled to the normal temperature and the current limiting material will then again become a good electrical conductor. Accordingly, the voltage drop across the current limiter 10 will be quite small whereby the operation switch 30 of the relay R is opened, the voltageoutgoing circuit of the voltage-outgoing means 50 is opened, and the breaker will again be ready to receive a continuous current at the terminal 70.
  • the operation switch of the relay R is shown as exciting the coil of the voltage-outgoing means 50, the invention is not so limited and it is possible to use a normally closed contact as the operation switch with the excitation of the coil of the short-voltage-outgoing means being extinguished in order to break the circuit for protection from an over-current.
  • a self-restoring type current limiter is provided when a short-circuit accident is caused. Accordingly, after a short-circuit condition, the breaker 40 is again allowed to operate without the need for changing a fuse, when the cause of the short-circuit is removed.
  • the restoration operation of the present invention is quite simple, and since the short-circuit current is limited by the current limiting effect of the current limiter, the breaker can be easily broken.
  • a circuit breaker which comprises:
  • a breaker in a feeder circuit which is located between a power source and a load;
  • a self-restoring type current limiter located in said feeder circuit and which responds to the current thereof;
  • a relay for responding to the voltage across said selfrestoring type current limiter to break said breaker under abnormal operationconditions
  • said self-restoring type current limiter comprises an electrically conducting material which, due to Joule-heat, vaporizes during an overcurrent condition, and condenses after said overcurrent condition is removed.
  • a circuit breaker which comprises:
  • a breaker having a mechanism for operating an out going means by excitation or extinction of an excltation coil
  • said self-restoring type current limiter comprises an electrically conducting materlal which, due to Joule-heat, vaporizes during an overcurrent condition, and condenses after said overcurrent condition is removed.
  • a circuit breaker which comprises:
  • a first circuit for connecting a breaker and a selfrestoring type current limiter in series between a power source terminal and a load terminal; and, second circuit for connecting a detecor coil of a relay which is connected in parallel to selfrestoring type current limiter of the first circuit and an operation switch which is operated by a voltage of the detector coil f0 said relay and a voltageoutgoing means of said breaker;
  • said selfrestoring type current limiter comprises an electrically conducting material which, due to Joule-heat, vaporizes during an over-current condition, and condenses after said overcurrent condition is removed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
US00259870A 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US3745369A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2690272A GB1398892A (en) 1972-06-05 1972-03-16 Power switching apparatus
US00259870A US3745369A (en) 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Circuit breaker
DE2228592A DE2228592B2 (de) 1972-06-05 1972-06-12 Schutzschaltereinrichtung
FR7221241A FR2188338A1 (fr) 1972-06-05 1972-06-13 Coupe-circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00259870A US3745369A (en) 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Circuit breaker
DE2228592A DE2228592B2 (de) 1972-06-05 1972-06-12 Schutzschaltereinrichtung
FR7221241A FR2188338A1 (fr) 1972-06-05 1972-06-13 Coupe-circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3745369A true US3745369A (en) 1973-07-10

Family

ID=72193193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00259870A Expired - Lifetime US3745369A (en) 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Circuit breaker

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3745369A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2228592B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2188338A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1398892A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019097A (en) * 1974-12-10 1977-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit breaker with solid state passive overcurrent sensing device
US4450496A (en) * 1979-08-16 1984-05-22 Raychem Corporation Protection of certain electrical systems by use of PTC device
US4949214A (en) * 1989-08-28 1990-08-14 Spencer George A Trip delay override for electrical circuit breakers
US5051649A (en) * 1989-09-08 1991-09-24 John F. Waymouth Intellectual Property And Education Trust Arc discharge lamp with liquid metal and heating means
WO2002063738A1 (de) * 2001-02-07 2002-08-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Vorrichtung zum trennen und schalten einer last
US20110192822A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Malingowski Richard P Limiter including a number of gas channels and electrical switching apparatus employing the same

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973233A (en) * 1974-09-13 1976-08-03 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit interrupter
FR2406329A1 (fr) * 1977-10-11 1979-05-11 Prima Simone Systeme de delestage des circuits electriques
JPS5840750Y2 (ja) * 1978-08-08 1983-09-13 三菱電機株式会社 電力しや断装置
DE2935807A1 (de) * 1979-09-05 1981-04-02 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Einrichtung zum schutz von elektrischen geraeten gegen ueberlastung
JPS60105123A (ja) * 1983-11-10 1985-06-10 三菱電機株式会社 高速限流遮断器

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454833A (en) * 1967-08-16 1969-07-08 Gen Electric Current limiter device-thyristor current limiting static circuit breaker
US3454832A (en) * 1967-08-24 1969-07-08 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019097A (en) * 1974-12-10 1977-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit breaker with solid state passive overcurrent sensing device
US4450496A (en) * 1979-08-16 1984-05-22 Raychem Corporation Protection of certain electrical systems by use of PTC device
US4949214A (en) * 1989-08-28 1990-08-14 Spencer George A Trip delay override for electrical circuit breakers
WO1991003829A1 (en) * 1989-08-28 1991-03-21 Spencer George A Trip delay override for electrical circuit breakers
US5051649A (en) * 1989-09-08 1991-09-24 John F. Waymouth Intellectual Property And Education Trust Arc discharge lamp with liquid metal and heating means
WO2002063738A1 (de) * 2001-02-07 2002-08-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Vorrichtung zum trennen und schalten einer last
US20040100236A1 (en) * 2001-02-07 2004-05-27 Roland Mauser Device for disconnecting and switching a load
US20110192822A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Malingowski Richard P Limiter including a number of gas channels and electrical switching apparatus employing the same
US8138439B2 (en) 2010-02-11 2012-03-20 Eaton Corporation Limiter including a number of gas channels and electrical switching apparatus employing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2228592C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-07
FR2188338A1 (fr) 1974-01-18
DE2228592A1 (de) 1974-01-03
FR2188338B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-08-06
DE2228592B2 (de) 1974-04-11
GB1398892A (en) 1975-06-25

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