US3741286A - Regenerative heat exchanger and method for purging its flow passages - Google Patents

Regenerative heat exchanger and method for purging its flow passages Download PDF

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Publication number
US3741286A
US3741286A US00135848A US3741286DA US3741286A US 3741286 A US3741286 A US 3741286A US 00135848 A US00135848 A US 00135848A US 3741286D A US3741286D A US 3741286DA US 3741286 A US3741286 A US 3741286A
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United States
Prior art keywords
flow passages
blower
semidamper
heat exchanger
outlet
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00135848A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Muhlrad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AIR INDUSTRIE ENVIRONMENT A Co
PRAT D POELMAN
PRAT D POELMAN FR
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PRAT D POELMAN
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Assigned to AIR INDUSTRIE ENVIRONMENT, A COMPANY reassignment AIR INDUSTRIE ENVIRONMENT, A COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: AIR INDUSTRIE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F28D21/0008—Air heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/009—Heat exchange having a solid heat storage mass for absorbing heat from one fluid and releasing it to another, i.e. regenerator
    • Y10S165/01—Cleaning storage mass

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This disclosure teaches a regenerative heat exchanger for recovering heat from a hot dust-laden gas exhausted by a steel converter or the like. In a preferred arrangement this heat exchanger is followed by a dust-removal apparatus of known design.
  • the flow passages After passage of the hot dust-laden gas through refractory-lined flow passages of the heat exchanger for cooling the dust-laden gas and before countercurrent flow of cooling air through the flow passages for heat extraction from the refractory, the flow passages are purged by circulating purge air up one portion of the flow passages and down another portion exiting to the dust-removal apparatus. Then the circulation through the flow passages is reversed with exit still to the dust-removal apparatus.
  • the purging is achieved by a particularly facile partition and damper arrangement.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and related method for cleaning automatically regenerative heat exchangers employed, for example, in cooling hot dust-laden gas exhausted by a steel converter.
  • This heat exchanger is followed by a dust-removal apparatus such as a cloth filter or an electrostatic precipitator so that the gas exhausted ultimately by the steel converter is cooled and free of dust and so that a supply of hot clean air (or other gas) is made available.
  • Such. known regenerative heat exchangers are of a design similar to those of hot-blast recuperators used for preheating air to be delivered to blast furnaces.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention is, however, used in a substantially different manner from those of known hot-blast recuperators, because the heat exchanger of the present invention serves adifferent purpose, namely to cool hot gas to a rather low temperature. Air used in blast furnace operations is preheated to a temperature generally between 700 C. and
  • hot gas used for heating refractory of hot-blast recuperatorsv is practically free of dust, usually containing less than mg. of dust per cu.m.
  • the gas used in a heat exchanger according to the present invention may contain up to 50,000 mg. of dust per mm.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a simple and effective apparatus and related method for cleaning hot-dust-laden gas.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a simple and effective method for cleaning automatically refractory-lined flow passages of a regenerative heat exchanger used in cooling a hot, dust-laden gas.
  • cooling apparatus and related method according to this invention comprise the following: 1
  • Refractory-lined flow passages of a regenerative heat exchanger are arranged for being heated by down-- ward passage of a hot dust-laden gas (from a steel converter or the like) therethrough.
  • a relatively high-velocity purge gas stream is subdivided successively into two purge streams each of which alternately passes first upward through one half and downward through the other half of the flow passages and then vice versa.
  • the purge streams are delivered to a dustremoval apparatus which is connected to the outlet of the cooling gas.
  • the cooling gas is passed upwardly through both halves of the flow passages and is exhausted from the top of the heat. exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger and shows diagrammatically the phase wherein refractory-lined flow passages are heated by the hot dust-laden gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a rear cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger and shows passage of pure gas upwardly through one half of the flow passages and downwardly through the other half of the flow passages.
  • FIG. 4 is a rear cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 of the heat exchanger and shows passage of the purge gas upward through the other half of the flow passages,
  • FIG. 1 illustrates heat exchanger 11 during the phase when a hot dust-laden gas travels therethrough as indicated by arrows 12.
  • the hot dust-laden gas from a steel converter or the like enters regenerative heat exchanger 11 via duct 13 and courses in turn.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the same heat exchanger during its cooling operation (carried out in the same manner as the prior art) by means of an upward countercurrently flowing air stream (as indicated by arrows 26) which is blown into flow passages 16 by means of blower 27 downstream chamber 17 into first andsecond compart- Y ments 29, 31 separated from eachother by partition wall 32.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate rear cross-sectional views through regenerative heat exchanger 11 and FIGS. 5 and 6 are plan crosssectional views through downstream chamber 17 as well as blower sernidampers 34,36 and outlet semidampers 35, 37.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 also show subdivision of duct l9 as shown by arrows 41 in FIGS. 3, 5.
  • the dust purged from heat exchanger '11 is conveye purge operation.
  • n y Y After a predeterminedperiod of time, usually a few seconds, the direction of the purge air stream is changed by closing first blower semidamp er 34' and secondroutlet semidampe r 37 and by opening second I blower semidamper 36 and first outlet semidamper 35 as shownby arrows42 in FIGS. 4 and 6.
  • first blower semidamp er 34' and secondroutlet semidampe r 37 After a predeterminedperiod of time, usually a few seconds, the direction of the purge air stream is changed by closing first blower semidamp er 34' and secondroutlet semidampe r 37 and by opening second I blower semidamper 36 and first outlet semidamper 35 as shownby arrows42 in FIGS. 4 and 6.
  • mgener ative heat exchanger is purged by introducing purge air. throughopen second blower semidamper 36 into second compartment 3l.
  • the purge air then flows I upwardly through second flow passages 39 into upstream chamber 15 and from there the purge air passes downwardly "through first flow passages 38 into first compartment 29 so that dust is forced out through open first outlet semidamper 35 in outlet port18 and H via outletldii ct 19 to the dusnremoval apparatus.
  • gasfromtheheat exchanger (not shown) which is usu ally located between the heat exchanger and the dust- 1 removal apparatus (also notshown) and shown blower -27usedf"orforcingpurgeiairinto thehea t exchanger (as shown inFIGS. 3; 4, 6) operate in tandem on thepurgeair1 stream.
  • the amount of energy re- .flquired to push the purgeair issmaller by virtue of the aspiratingeffect of the otherblower (not shown) ev en though a loss in pressure results on passing both upward and downward through reduced sections of the flow passages.
  • heat exchanger 11 is cooled in the conventional manner (generally as shown in FIG. 2).
  • First 34 and second 36 blower semidampers are closed; first 35 and second 37 outlet dampers are opened; lid 23 is opened; first 34 and second 36 blower semidampers are then opened; and first 35 and second 37 outlet dampers are closed.
  • the entire air forced into heat exchanger 11 by means of blower 27 flows from the downstream chamber 17 upwardly through flow passages 16 to upstream chamber 15 and out exhaust port 28.
  • the heat contained in the cooling air is expelled through exhaust port 28 or, if desired, may be supplied to a suitable place for further use.
  • This type of cooling of the accumulated heat and the manner in which cooling is effected according to the present invention is especially useful in treatment of intermittently produced gases such as are obtained, for instance, on blowing steel converters with oxygen, but may also be used in other plants in which hot gases are produced continuously.
  • an installation is composed of twin regenerative heat exchangers whereby, at a given time, one of the exchangers is used for cooling the gases by heat accumulation in its refractory, while, at the same time, the other member thereof is cooled by blowing air countercurrently into and through that member. Both members of the twin exchanger are reversed automatically in their mode of operation at regular intervals.
  • Hot dust-laden converter gas is introduced, as shown in FIG. 1, through inlet port 14 into and passes through regenerative heat exchanger 1] usually for twenty minutes. During this period heat exchanger 11 serves to cool the hot dust-laden converter gas. After passing through flow passages 16 and downstream chamber 17, the cooled gas is discharged through outlet port 18 and duct 19 which leads to a dust-removal apparatus. Lid 23 and blower dampler 24 are closed during the passage of the gas through the heat exchanger while outlet damper 25 is open. The hot gas is cooled thereby to a temperature of about l00 C. The gas velocity is about 15 m./sec. At such a speed most of the dust in the hot gas is removed therefrom.
  • the purge gas thus is forced to flow through first compartment 29 upwardly through first air passages 38 upwardly into upstream chamber 15 where the flow of the purge gas is reversed as shown in FIG. 3 and the purge gas flows downwardly through second air passages 39 into and through second compartment 31.
  • the gas which is now laden with dust
  • the dust-removal apparatus not shown.
  • semidampers 34 and 37 are closed and semidampers 35 and 36 are opened.
  • the purge air is forced through second compartment 31 upwardly into second flow passages 39 and, as is shown in FIG.
  • the graphical relationships presented in FIG. 7 are for a heat exchanger having square flow passages 16 of mm. width. Refractory 22 was 30 mm. in thickness. Oxygen blasting as per FIG. 1 lasted 15 minutes, cooling as per FIG. 2 lasted 17 minutes. The quantity of cooling air used as per FIG. 2 was percent of that aspirated as per FIG. 1. More particularly the graphical relationships presented in FIG. 7 depict temperaturetime relationships as follows:
  • Curve a Temperature at the gas inlet of the heat exchanger.
  • Curve b Temperature at the gas outlet of the heat exchanger.
  • Curve c Temperature of the inner refractory walls at the upper part of the heat exchanger.
  • Curve d Temperature of the inner refractory walls at the lower part of the heat exchanger.
  • Curve 2 Temperature of the countercurrently flowing air at its inlet into the heat exchanger.
  • the outlet duct 19 andthe dust collector (not i shown) as well as theconduit (not shown)le'ading from it lid 23 may be conriectedwith an apparatus or' plant which is continuously operated at the same gas temperature and with the sameamount of gas, namely alternatively, for instance, at a temperature of about 1509 C. for twenty minutes with purified and cooled converter a gas and immediately'thereafter for ten minutes withhot f cooling gas or air cooled in the heat exchanger.
  • a a generally vertical housing provided with an up stream chamber, ag downstream chamberand a it heat-storage section disposed between said j up stream and downstream chambersysaid heat-f storage section being provided with a pluralityof flow passages lined with a heat-storing material, the flow passages connecting said upstream downstream chambers in the other; e i v i b.
  • blower associated withsaid blower port for ering cooling air to said downstream chamber for passage through the flow passages to said upstream chamber
  • first and second blower semidampers mounted in said blower port in flow communication withsaid 2e transfer, heat exchangers and/or process technology that wide deviations maybe made from the foregoing Q with asecond portion of the flow passages so that on opening said first blower semidampen closing through the secondcompartment, the second portion of the flow passages, the upstream chamber, n

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
US00135848A 1970-07-17 1971-04-21 Regenerative heat exchanger and method for purging its flow passages Expired - Lifetime US3741286A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702035512 DE2035512A1 (de) 1970-07-17 1970-07-17 Wärmespeicher zur Kühlung staubhaltiger Gase

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US3741286A true US3741286A (en) 1973-06-26

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US (1) US3741286A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE756439A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA937560A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2035512A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2112592A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1303763A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA713080B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4349069A (en) * 1981-05-22 1982-09-14 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Regenerative air heater
US5003961A (en) * 1988-02-05 1991-04-02 Besik Ferdinand K Apparatus for ultra high energy efficient heating, cooling and dehumidifying of air
US5134945A (en) * 1992-01-06 1992-08-04 Reimlinger Richard G Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifold system
US5293827A (en) * 1993-07-15 1994-03-15 Nester James L Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifolds including purges
US5309851A (en) * 1993-07-15 1994-05-10 Reimlinger Richard G Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifold pressurization
US20080047700A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2008-02-28 The Boeing Company Formed Sheet Heat Exchanger
US20080210218A1 (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-09-04 Kba-Metalprint Gmbh & Co. Kg Dynamic heat accumulator and method for storing heat

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4323116A (en) * 1979-12-17 1982-04-06 Carrier Corporation Flow control apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4349069A (en) * 1981-05-22 1982-09-14 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Regenerative air heater
US5003961A (en) * 1988-02-05 1991-04-02 Besik Ferdinand K Apparatus for ultra high energy efficient heating, cooling and dehumidifying of air
US5134945A (en) * 1992-01-06 1992-08-04 Reimlinger Richard G Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifold system
US5293827A (en) * 1993-07-15 1994-03-15 Nester James L Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifolds including purges
US5309851A (en) * 1993-07-15 1994-05-10 Reimlinger Richard G Regenerative thermal oxidizer with gate manifold pressurization
US20080047700A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2008-02-28 The Boeing Company Formed Sheet Heat Exchanger
US7988447B2 (en) * 2004-03-01 2011-08-02 The Boeing Company Formed sheet heat exchanger
US20080210218A1 (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-09-04 Kba-Metalprint Gmbh & Co. Kg Dynamic heat accumulator and method for storing heat

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Publication number Publication date
GB1303763A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-17
DE2035512A1 (de) 1972-01-20
FR2112592A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-06-23
BE756439A (fr) 1971-03-01
ZA713080B (en) 1972-01-26
CA937560A (en) 1973-11-27

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Owner name: AIR INDUSTRIE ENVIRONMENT, A FRENCH COMPANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AIR INDUSTRIE;REEL/FRAME:004474/0614

Effective date: 19850718