US3729984A - Apparatus for testing pressurized containers - Google Patents

Apparatus for testing pressurized containers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3729984A
US3729984A US00246643A US3729984DA US3729984A US 3729984 A US3729984 A US 3729984A US 00246643 A US00246643 A US 00246643A US 3729984D A US3729984D A US 3729984DA US 3729984 A US3729984 A US 3729984A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chambers
containers
sealing
star wheel
wheel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00246643A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Waldherr
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WALDHERR OHS
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WALDHERR OHS
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Priority claimed from DE19712120348 external-priority patent/DE2120348A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19722216556 external-priority patent/DE2216556A1/de
Application filed by WALDHERR OHS filed Critical WALDHERR OHS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/226—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/229—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in an apparatus for testing the pressure resistance and fluid tightness of a succession of containers filled with a fluid under pressure, such as aerosol cans.
  • Pressurized containers such as aerosol spray cans or other types of containers filled with a gaseous fluid under pressure, require testing of their pressure resistance and fluid tightness to comply with the law.
  • the contents of the containers must be heated to about 50C., causing the internal pressure to rise from about 2.5 atmospheres at room temperature to 6.5 atmospheres at the elevated temperature.
  • the heating means for the containers to be tested is usually a hot water bath wherein the containers are immersed and conveyed.
  • Those tested containers which cannot withstand an internal pressure of about 6.5 atmospheres burst, and any containers which are not fluid tight under the increased internal pressures will cause gas bubbles to be formed in the water bath to indicate the faulty containers.
  • Several operators are posted at various points of the water bath to make visual observations and remove the faulty cans.
  • the containers may be of steel, tin plate, aluminum or glass, for instance, requiring various means to keep the containers immersed in the test bath while they are conveyed therethrough.
  • Such means include magnets, clamps, holding tongues or grippers, and the like, many of these mechanisms being complex and, therefore, subject to damage after long operation under water.
  • a heating means for the containers for elevating the temperature of the fluid in the containers and means for testing the fluid tightness of the containers in a testing zone arranged subsequent to the heating means.
  • a first conveyor means such as a conveyor band, conveys a succession of the containers through the heating means for a time sufficient to permit the fluid temperature to be elevated.
  • a container feeding means such as a rotary feeding wheel having a succession of pockets arranged about the periphery of the feeding wheel, receives the containers in succession from the first conveyor means.
  • a second conveyor means such as a star wheel rotating in a direction opposite to that of the feeding wheel, is arranged in substantially tangential relationship to the container feeding means and has a succession of chambers arranged peripherally for receiving successive containers from the feeding means.
  • the second conveyor means revolves to move the chambers in a closed path and through the testing zone.
  • Means is arranged for holding the successive containers in the respective successive chambers and for sealing the chambers at least in the testing zone, and means is arranged for removing the tested containers from the respective chambers beyond the testing zone.
  • FIG. I is a schematic elevational view of the means for testing the fluid tightness of the containers according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged, simplified showing of the arrangement of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 and showing a modified arrangement
  • FIG. 4 is another view similar to that of FIG. 1 and showing yet another modification
  • FIG. 4a shows a detail of the arrangement of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 illustrate, respectively, a side view, a top view and an end view of a complete testing apparatus according to this invention
  • FIG. 9 is a top view showing the cooperation of the feeding wheel and the star wheel.
  • FIG. 10 is an elevational side view, partly in section, of the arrangement of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 1 l is a top view of another embodiment of a star wheel, with cooperating portions of the apparatus;
  • FIG. 12 is an elevational side view, partly in section, of a detail of the arrangement of FIG. 1 1;
  • FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a portion of the periphery of the star wheel of FIG. 1 1;
  • FIG. 14 is a top view, partly in section, of a detail of the arrangement of FIG. 1 l;
  • FIG. 15 is an end view of the detail of FIG. 14.
  • the illustrated heating means for the containers 1 to be tested comprises an elongated trough 2 containing hot water.
  • a downwardly inclined plane or chute 14 at an inlet end of the trough guides and. delivers a succession of containers I to the bottom of the trough where a meandering conveyor band 13 is arranged, with a plurality of runs going back and forth from one end of the trough to the other so as to convey the containers through the hot water for an extended period of time sufficiently to heat the contents of the containers to about 50 to C., or any other desired elevated tern perature.
  • a meandering conveyor band 13 At the other end of the conveyor band, there is arranged another inclined plane or chute l5 whereon the containers delivered from the conveyor band rise towards feeding wheel 6.
  • the trough may be covered by a hood 9 to prevent escape of steam or of gases escaping from burst containers, and a flue may be connected to the hood to receive such steam and gases.
  • the hood may be of transparent plastic or like transparent material to enable visual observation of the interior of the trough.
  • the bottom of the trough is covered with enough hot water to immerse the containers only partially therein,
  • an automatic water level control may pump the water from the auxiliary trough 4 back into the heating trough 2, and it may be useful to insert a filter into the circulating line to purify the water which may have been polluted by the containers to be tested.
  • rotary feeding wheel 6 has a succession of pockets arranged about the periphery of the feeding wheel for receiving successive containers 1 from chute 15.
  • the feeding wheel rotates clockwise and each container pushed into a respective pocket is taken along by the rotating wheel for about half a rotation of the wheel to transfer the container at a substantially diametrically opposite point to a chamber 7 of the star wheel 8 which is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction to take along a respective one of the containers transferred from a pocket of the feeding wheel into an associated chamber of the star wheel or turnstile 8, the container projecting radially out of the pocket into the chamber.
  • This transfer is made possible by the substantially tangential relationship between feeding wheel 6 and star wheel 8.
  • the star wheel has a succession of chambers arranged about the periphery of the star wheel for receiving the successive containers 1 from pockets 5 of the feeding wheel, and means is provided for holding the successive containers in respective chambers 7 and for sealing the chambers about a large portion of the periphery of the star wheel until the respective chamber has almost reached the feeding wheel again after almost a full rotation of the star wheel.
  • means is provided for removing the containers from their respective chambers when they have almost reached the feeding wheel after almost a full rotation.
  • the chambers 7 are substantially completely sealed so that these chambers are filled with any escaping gaseous fluid from leaking containers in such chambers.
  • gas detecting means are associated with the chambers to detect the presence of any such escaping gases in the chambers and thus to determine leaking or faulty containers.
  • a support base for the star wheel provides a bottom sealing means for the chambers, and one or more gas detectors are mounted adjacent lateral sealing walls in the testing zone, which are connectable selectively to a central indicating instrument.
  • a gas detector When such a gas detector has detected traces of gas and has transmitted a test signal to the indicating instrument, it must be regenerated for a certain period of time. Therefore, a plurality of detectors are provided so that a different detector may be connected to the indicating instrument while another detector is being regenerated.
  • peripheral zones A and B which precede and follow the testing zone, to remove all such gases from the chambers.
  • the chambers are kept laterally open in zones A and B to enable residual gases in the chambers to be blown out of the chambers in these zones, for instance by means of air nozzles.
  • the lateral sealing walls for the container storing chambers 7 of star wheel 8 may consist of a fixed sealing band 20, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, one end 21 of the band being fixedly held while the other end of the band is resiliently held to exert tension upon the band, the illustrated resilient holding means being a pneumatic jack 22. In this manner, the sealing band is pressed laterally against the periphery of the star wheel.
  • the sealing band 24 is supported by guide rollers for movement of the band with the rotating star wheel, i.e. the endless sealing band 24, trained about a series of guide rollers, moves along the periphery of the star wheel as the same is rotated and preferably at about the same speed so that there is substantially no relative movement between the rotating wheel and the moving band.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 While the testing arrangements 3 of FIGS. 1 to 3 have been shown in conjunction with lateral sealing bands, and upright polished sealing segment 25 is mounted in sealing engagement with the star wheel chambers about a large portion of the periphery. False readings may be avoided by evacuating the chambers before and/or after they have passed through the testmg zone.
  • FIG. 5 shows a different embodiment wherein the star wheel or turnstile in the testing arrangement 33 is replaced by an endless chain 27 which is sealingly supported on a support base of generally rectangular configuration.
  • a succession of laterally open chambers 26, functionally equivalent to chambers 7, are arranged about the periphery of the chain for receiving the successive containers which are fed to successive chambers at one end and removed therefrom at the diametrically opposite end after the chambers holding the containers have passed through a testing zone along the periphery of the moving chain.
  • the testing zone is provided along one of the straight runs of the chain, at which point a sealing plate 28 is pressed laterally against the chambers by resilient pressure elements 29 to seal the chambers.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 The operation of the testing arrangement of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 to 8 is well illustrated in the enlarged showings of FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • successive containers 1 are pushed from chute 15 into the pockets 5 of feeding wheel 6 which rotates clockwise towards the tangentially arranged star wheel 8 rotating counterclockwise.
  • each container is transferred from a pocket 5 to the associated chamber 7 of the star wheel, the chambers 7 being laterally open in the cleansing zones A and B immediately ahead of, and behind, the transfer point so that any residual gasin the chambers may be removed in these zones before the chambers are sealed again as they are moved into the testing zone C. In this manner, faulty readings are avoided.
  • FIG. 9 shows the modification of a moving sealing band 24
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the modification with the fixed sealing band 20.
  • a sealing segment 25 could be substituted for either sealing means.
  • the testing zone C is arranged towards the end of the sealed peripheral portion and the gas detectors are connected to the respective chambers in this zone. After the containers have passed the testing zone, they are removed from the chambers at point 32, for instance by a conveyor band moving in a direction opposite to that of the star wheel, or by a simple discharge chute 30.
  • Any leaky container that has been detected in the testing zone is signaled by the gas detecting means to the central indicating and control panel which, in dependence on the time required by the container to reach elimination point 31, actuates a plunger at this point which pushes the faulty container out of a registering opening in the chute wall to remove the same from the production line.
  • a counter may also be used to control this elimination of faulty containers.
  • a support base 16 supports star wheel 8 and provides a bottom sealing means for the chambers 7 of the wheel.
  • Shaft 19 mounts the star wheel coaxially on the support base and sealing cover 17 over the star wheel provides a top sealing means for wheel chambers 7.
  • the cover is fastened to the star wheel by screws 18. Lateral sealing of the chambers 7 is effected by sealing band 20 about a portion of the periphery of the wheel.
  • the star wheel 8' has a succession of bores 7' extending annularly adjacent the periphery of the wheel, the bores passing through the wheel and having open lower and upper ends.
  • a conveyor screw 35 which is mounted below the wheel 8', feeds a succession of containers 1 to the feeding wheel 6 which is rotated counterclockwise to take along the containers fed into its pockets and delivers them to the star wheel 3' which is in tangential relationship with the feeding wheel.
  • a lifting jack is associated with each bore 7', the lifting jacks rotating in unison with the star wheel 8 to remain in alignment with the bores.
  • the jack remains raised during the continuous rotation of wheel 8 until it has reached the point of removal of the container by discharge wheel 6', at which point the jack is lowered so that the container is taken along by the discharge wheel and removed from the apparatus, wheels 6 and 6' being substantially identical in structure and operation.
  • the platforms 36 serve as sealing means for closing the lower open ends of bores 7' while the upper open ends thereof are closed by means of replaceable holding sleeves 38 which are sealingly fitted over the upper ends of the bores to provide a chamber holding the container 11 during testing.
  • Each sleeve carries a centering device 39 consisting of a tubular housing for rod 41 which is downwardly biased by spring 42 and whose lower end carries a centering clamp 40 receiving the top of container 1 and holding the same in centered position in sleeve 38.
  • the holding sleeves may be readi- 1y replaced to adapt them to different sizes of containers.
  • a series of circumferential grooves 44 are provided in the periphery of the wheel 8', ports 45 in the grooves being in communication with the bores 7'.
  • the containers 1 in bores 7' are conveyed towards the testing zone C, any inflow of unwanted gases on the way to the testing zone being prevented by amounting an arcuate shield 50 over a large portion of the periphery of the wheel. While the shield 50 is sealingly close to the wheel periphery, it does not actually contact the same.
  • each arm 43 has an elongated chamber 46 with a port 48 to which is connected a flexible tube connecting the chamber 46 to control valve Sll, a gaseous fluidl line connecting the valve to vacuum installation 52.
  • the arms 43 are vertically adjustably mounted on support column 49.
  • a gas detecting chamber 37 is arranged in the line between port 48 and valve 51. In this manner, if gas escapes from a faulty container held in a bore 7', it will leak through port 45 and on through port 48 into the gas detecting chamber 37 As can be seen in FIG. 13, the ports 45 are staggered in grooves 44 so that the gas detecting chambers 37 are placed in communication with each port 45 in succession, each chamber 7 being associated with a port 45. In this manner, the wheel 8 may be operated at a higher speed while the testing time and the period of regeneration for the gas detectors is extended, due also to the elongation of the chambers 46 in the arms 43.
  • a control cam rotating in unison with wheel 8' actuates the corresponding control valve 51 connected to vacuum installation 52 so that the gas line leading from chamber 46 is evacuated and any gas escaping from chamber 7 may flow in gas detecting chamber 37.
  • An apparatus for testing the pressure resistance and fluid tightness of a succession of containers filled with a gaseous fluid under pressure comprising 1. a heating means for the containers for elevating the temperature of the fluid in the containers,
  • a first conveyor means for conveying the succession of containers through the heating means for a time sufficient to permit the fluid temperature to be elevated
  • a second conveyor means arranged in substantially tangential relationship to the container feeding means and having a succession of chambers arranged peripherally for receiving successive ones of the containers from the feeding means, the second conveyor means revolving to move the chambers in a closed path and through a testing zone,
  • the first conveyor means is a conveyor band
  • the container feeding means is a rotary feeding wheel having a succession of pockets arranged about the periphery of the feeding wheel for receiving the successive containers from the conveyor band
  • the second conveyor means is a rotary star wheel rotating in a direction opposite to that of the feeding wheel, the chambers being arranged annularly about the periphery of the star wheel and receiving the successive containers from the pockets of the feeding wheel.
  • the heating means comprises a trough having a bottom and containing a liquid heating medium
  • the conveyor band is a meandering band arranged at the bottom
  • an inclined plane guides the successive containers to the bottom of the trough at an inlet end of the conveyor band and an inclined plane guides the containers to the feeding wheel at an outlet end of the conveyor band
  • a heating medium level control means arranged between the trough and the auxiliary trough.
  • the apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a support base for the star wheel, the support base providing a bottom sealing means for the chambers, and the sealing means including a lateral sealing wall for the chambers, and fluid detecting means arranged in the testing zone adjacent the lateral sealing wall for detecting fluid escaped from the-containers held in the respective chambers in said zone.
  • the apparatus of claim 4 further comprising a shaft mounting the star wheel coaxially on the support base, a sealing cover over the star wheel providing a top sealing means for the chambers, and the lateral sealing wall including a sealing band extending about a large portion of the periphery of the star wheel.
  • the apparatus of claim 4 further comprising a shaft mounting the star wheel coaxially on the support base, a sealing cover over the star wheel providing a top sealing means for the chambers, and the lateral sealing wall including an upright sealing segment extending about a large portion of the periphery of the star wheel.
  • the chambers are defined by a succession of bores adjacent the periphery of the star wheel, the bores passing through the wheel and having open lower and upper ends, and wherein the sealing and holding means comprise pressure fluid operated closures operable for sealing the lower ends of the bores and replaceable holding devices for sealing the u per ends of the bores.
  • the holding devices comprise a sleeve fitting into the bores, and a container centering means associated with the sleeves and including a spring biased clamping rod extending into the sleeve.
  • the periphery of the star wheel defines a series of grooves, the bores being in communication with the grooves by ports leading from the bores to the grooves, and further comprising arms in frictional engagement with the grooves in the testing zone, the arms having chambers in communication with the grooves, a vacuum installation, lines connecting the chambers in the arms to the vacuum installation, control valve means in said lines for selectively connecting and disconnecting the vacuum installation from the chambers in the arms, and gas detecting chambers arranged in the lines between the chambers in the arms and the control valve means for detecting any escaped gases from the containers in the bores.
  • the second conveyor means comprises an endless chain having a succession of the chambers affixed to the chain, the chambers being laterally open at the periphery thereof, and the sealing means comprising a sealing plate and means for resiliently pressing the plate against the open sides of the chambers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
US00246643A 1971-04-26 1972-04-24 Apparatus for testing pressurized containers Expired - Lifetime US3729984A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712120348 DE2120348A1 (de) 1971-04-26 1971-04-26 Prüfvorrichtung für Druckbehälter
DE19722216556 DE2216556A1 (de) 1972-04-06 1972-04-06 Pruefvorrichtung fuer druckbehaelter

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US3729984A true US3729984A (en) 1973-05-01

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US00246643A Expired - Lifetime US3729984A (en) 1971-04-26 1972-04-24 Apparatus for testing pressurized containers

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3729984A (fr)
JP (1) JPS532352B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE782686A (fr)
CA (1) CA942966A (fr)
CH (1) CH552205A (fr)
FR (1) FR2136539A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1357662A (fr)
IT (1) IT957204B (fr)
NL (1) NL7205673A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135384A (en) * 1976-09-29 1979-01-23 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of determining electrolyte leakage in hermetically sealed electrochemical cell
US4184362A (en) * 1978-07-24 1980-01-22 Abbott Laboratories Bottle leak tester
FR2586107A1 (fr) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-13 Jagenberg Ag Procede et dispositif pour controler l'etancheite de recipients remplis, fermes par un couvercle ou un element analogue scelle ou soude
US4836013A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-06-06 L'oreal Device intended for testing the mechanical strength of pressurized containers in a hot condition
WO2001002825A1 (fr) * 1999-07-01 2001-01-11 Bwi Plc Appareil de controle de recipient aerosol
DE102013104682B3 (de) * 2013-05-07 2014-05-15 Lüdolph Management GmbH Dichtheitsprüfanordnung und Dichtheitsprüfverfahren
WO2014180469A1 (fr) 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Lüdolph Management GmbH Dispositif de contrôle d'étanchéité et procédé de contrôle d'étanchéité
WO2023021382A1 (fr) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Ft System Srl Système de détection de fuites de récipients

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10235878A1 (de) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-31 Inficon Gmbh Lecksuchverfahren und -einrichtungen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1163962A (en) * 1915-01-08 1915-12-14 Harry C Nelson Spike.
US3590256A (en) * 1969-03-05 1971-06-29 Teodorico Neeff Device with photoelectric bubble indicator for the checking of gas-tight containers and the like by immersion in a liquid

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1163962A (en) * 1915-01-08 1915-12-14 Harry C Nelson Spike.
US3590256A (en) * 1969-03-05 1971-06-29 Teodorico Neeff Device with photoelectric bubble indicator for the checking of gas-tight containers and the like by immersion in a liquid

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135384A (en) * 1976-09-29 1979-01-23 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of determining electrolyte leakage in hermetically sealed electrochemical cell
US4184362A (en) * 1978-07-24 1980-01-22 Abbott Laboratories Bottle leak tester
FR2586107A1 (fr) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-13 Jagenberg Ag Procede et dispositif pour controler l'etancheite de recipients remplis, fermes par un couvercle ou un element analogue scelle ou soude
US4730482A (en) * 1985-08-07 1988-03-15 Gasti Verpackungsmaschinen Gmbh Process and apparatus for monitoring the hermeticity of filled containers closed by sealed-on or welded-on cover of the like
US4836013A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-06-06 L'oreal Device intended for testing the mechanical strength of pressurized containers in a hot condition
WO2001002825A1 (fr) * 1999-07-01 2001-01-11 Bwi Plc Appareil de controle de recipient aerosol
DE102013104682B3 (de) * 2013-05-07 2014-05-15 Lüdolph Management GmbH Dichtheitsprüfanordnung und Dichtheitsprüfverfahren
WO2014180469A1 (fr) 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Lüdolph Management GmbH Dispositif de contrôle d'étanchéité et procédé de contrôle d'étanchéité
US10073001B2 (en) 2013-05-07 2018-09-11 Luedolph Management GmbH Leak test arrangement and leak test method
WO2023021382A1 (fr) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Ft System Srl Système de détection de fuites de récipients

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2136539A5 (fr) 1972-12-22
CH552205A (de) 1974-07-31
NL7205673A (fr) 1972-10-30
BE782686A (fr) 1972-08-16
IT957204B (it) 1973-10-10
JPS532352B1 (fr) 1978-01-27
GB1357662A (en) 1974-06-26
CA942966A (en) 1974-03-05

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