US3722484A - Devices for controlling the valves of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Devices for controlling the valves of internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3722484A
US3722484A US00106390A US3722484DA US3722484A US 3722484 A US3722484 A US 3722484A US 00106390 A US00106390 A US 00106390A US 3722484D A US3722484D A US 3722484DA US 3722484 A US3722484 A US 3722484A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rocker
valve
contact
axis
rockers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00106390A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Gordini
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GORDINI AUTOMOBILES SA
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GORDINI AUTOMOBILES SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/262—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with valve stems disposed radially from a centre which is substantially the centre of curvature of the upper wall surface of a combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F01L2003/256—Valve configurations in relation to engine configured other than perpendicular to camshaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F02F2001/246—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis and orientated radially from the combustion chamber surface

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A device for controlling the valves of an internal combustion engine having overhead valves comprises a control cam, and two oscillating rockers for each valve. The free end of each rocker is disposed between the cam and the end of the valve stem.
  • the present invention concerns a control device for valves for internal combustion engines, in particular for so-called radial valve type engines.
  • An object of the present invention is a device for controlling valves which provides a solution to this problem.
  • This device essentially comprises the interposition, between the control cam and the end portion of the stem of the valve, the free ends of two rockers oscillating about a pivot at their other end, the free end of said first rocker being in contact with the'cam, oscillating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of this cam and being in contact with a spherical head portion of the second rocker which is in contact with the end of the stem of the valve and oscillates in the plane of the axis of the valve, the mid-point of bearing contact of the spherical head portion on the end portion of this valve stem being disposed substantially along the axis of the valve.
  • the rocker or lever in contact with the cam is provided with a roller rolling along this cam, and the plane of the lower surface supported on the spherical head of the second rocker passes through the axis of oscillation of said lever, this axis being parallel to the axis of the camshaft.
  • the rocker or lever in contact with the spherical head portion oscillates about an axis situated in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve corresponding to the mid-point of the plane of the valve head.
  • the plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the cam perpendicular to the camshaft cuts the axis of the valve at a point corresponding substantially to the center of the spherical head portion of the support rocker on the valve.
  • the end of the valve stem is provided with a connecting end portion of a known type formed of a wear-resistant alloy whose thickness is adjusted to assure the clearance and thereby the correct timing of the valve.
  • the group of pivots of the rockers of each cylinder are mounted on a common connecting member independently centered on the cylinder head for example on the bore or socket for receiving the spark plug.
  • Such a device provides the advantage of the transmission of the movement from the cams to the valves with a minimum of friction, inherent looseness, and non-axial forces.
  • the cam surfaces rest on followers in perfect rolling contact.
  • the spherical head portion of the second rocker axially transmits the thrust of the cam. Its oscillating movement effects a combined rolling and sliding movement of the spherical head portion. This movement produces a superficial glossing of the contact surfaces which remain quite small in the order of several square millimeters. This results in practically no wear, a great precision of the transmission movements, a high mechanical efficiency and a great endurance.
  • Another advantage of the device is its simplicity of construction in the form of a separate sub-assembly which can be easily and quickly mounted and dismounted for adjusting and checking, this advantage being very important in competition. It also easily and inexpensively enables the provision of this type of valve gear to engines not originally provided therewith.
  • valve gear including four valves and a pair of camshafts for a hemispherical combustion chamber with a central spark plug.
  • One camshaft controls two inlet valves ar-v ranged side by side, the other camshaft controls two exhaust valves also arranged side by side but opposite the inlet valves.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view partially in section of the device taken along the line ll of FIG. 2 which includes the axis of the spark plug and two diametrically opposed valves;
  • FIG. 2 shows a top plan view of the device without the camshafts
  • FIG. 3 shows an elevation view showing a camshaft, the rockers and the valves in their relative positions
  • F IG. 4 shows a side view showing the mounting of the camshafts, the rockers and the valve heads
  • FIG. 5 shows perspective view in phantom lines of a cylinder head and its combustion chamber equipped according to the embodiment described according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 the cams 3 and 4 of the camshafts l and 2 partially shown bear against the rollers 5 and 6 mounted on the free ends of the rockers 7 and 8 whose other ends arepivotally mounted about the pins 9 and 10 fixed to a central connecting member 1 1.
  • the lower surfaces 12 and 13 of the rockers 7 and 8 come to bear against the spherical heads portions 14 and 15 of the rockers l6 and 17 which are also pivotally mounted about the pins 18 and 19 fixed to the member 11.
  • Weight-reducing holes 20 and 21 can be provided in the spherical head portions 14 and 15 in order to diminish the inertia of the combination and to facilitate the mounting for machining.
  • the spherical head portions 14 and 15 also bear on the connecting end portions 22 and 23 covering the heads of the valves 24 and 25.
  • the valves slide in the guide bushings 26 and 27 and are seated against their seats 28 and 29 according to a known arrangement by the play or free motion between two springs 30 and 31 and the annular members 32 and 33.
  • the connecting member 11 for pivoting the rockers 8, 9 and 16, 17 is adjusted on the cylinder head 34 of the motor by centering circular shoulders 35 at the opening of the bore or socket for receiving the spark plug 36.
  • This bore as well as the screw-threaded hole 37 for mounting the spark plug are aligned along the axis of the cylinder.
  • the threaded hole 37 for the spark plug opensinto the center of the hemispherical head 39 delimiting the combustion chamber 40 with the surface of the piston head (FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows the star-arrangement of the four rockers 16, 16, 17, 17' which correspond to the four valves about the spark plug bore or socket 36, their pivot axes 18, 18', l9, 19' on the member 11 and the rockers 7-8 and 7 8 disposed two by two in opposed relationship.
  • FIG. 3 shows the mounting of the bearings 42 for the camshaft 1 on the cylinder head 34 by means of bolts 43.
  • the camshaft 1 is driven by a chain-driven gear wheel 44 at its end.
  • a casing 41 covers the entire device.
  • the pivots for the rockers are mounted on the common connecting member 11 in the form of a premounted and -adjusted sub-assembly.
  • the member 11 is not subject to any particular stress or strain and can be economically formed as a cast iron body.
  • the device is economical which accrues from its ease of assembly and adjustment.
  • a device for controlling the valves of an internal combustion engine of the type having overhead camshafts comprising:
  • each of said rockers being disposed between a control cam on a camshaft and the end portion of the stern of the valve;
  • said second rocker being in contact with the end portion of the valve stem and oscillating in a plane containing the axis of the valve, the mid-point of the bearing contact of the spherical head portion on the end portion of the valve stem being disposed substantially along the axis of the valve; and a connecting member for supporting pivots for said rockers is centered on the cylinder head by-an opening therein which is substantially coaxial with the spark plug bore of the cylinder.
  • a device for controlling the valves of an internal combustion engine of the type having overhead camshafts comprising:
  • each rocker mounted for oscillation on a pin at one of ends, the free ends of said rockers being disposed between a control cam on a camshaft and the end portion of the stem of a valve,
  • said first rocker having a roller in contact with the control cam, said first rocker being oriented for oscillationin a plane perpendicular of the axis of the control cam
  • said second rocker comprising a spherical head portion which is in contact with the end portion of the valve stem, and oriented for oscillation in a plane containing the axis of the valve, the bearing contact surface of the spherical head portion with the end of the valve stem being centered on the axis of the valve, and I a connecting member for supporting pivots for said rockers, said connecting member being centered on the cylinder head by an opening therein which is substantially coaxial with the spark plug bore of the cylinder.
  • a device for controlling the valves of an internal combustion engine of the type having overhead Camshafts comprising:
  • each rocker mounted for oscillation on a pinat one of itsends, the free ends of said rockers being disposed between a control cam on a camshaft and the end portion of the stern of a valve,
  • first rocker having a roller in contact with the control cam and a bearing surface for contacting the second rocker, said bearing surface comprising a plane surface disposed beneath said roller and extending along the axis of the oscillation pin of said first rocker, said first rocker being oriented for oscillation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the control cam,
  • said second rocker is oriented for oscillation in a plane containing the axis of the valve, and comprises an integral spherical head portion which is in contact with the end portion of the valve stemand centered on the axis of the valve, and is also in contact with the bearing surface of said first rocker, and control cam, and first rocker being in a plane which substantially passes through the center of said spherical head portion of the second rocker.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
US00106390A 1970-01-15 1971-01-14 Devices for controlling the valves of internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3722484A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7001376A FR2076442A5 (da) 1970-01-15 1970-01-15

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DE (1) DE2101665C3 (da)
FR (1) FR2076442A5 (da)
GB (1) GB1330782A (da)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3821942A (en) * 1971-09-30 1974-07-02 Japan Ships Machinery Dev Driving apparatus for valves of internal combustion engines
WO1983001483A1 (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-28 Investment Rarities Inc Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
JPS58120808U (ja) * 1982-02-10 1983-08-17 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
US4414931A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-11-15 Investment Rarities, Incorporated Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
JPS5929710A (ja) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPS5945204U (ja) * 1982-09-17 1984-03-26 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
US4466400A (en) * 1979-08-07 1984-08-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine
WO1984003331A1 (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-08-30 Ford Motor Co Valve mechanism
US4484546A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-11-27 Investment Rarities, Incorporated Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
DE3436426A1 (de) * 1983-10-04 1985-05-02 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Zylinderkopf fuer eine brennkraftmaschine mit zwei obenliegenden nockenwellen
US4558667A (en) * 1982-07-23 1985-12-17 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve driving apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4592314A (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-06-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve actuating mechanism for internal combustion engine
US4686945A (en) * 1982-10-26 1987-08-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve structure for an internal combustion engine
US4793296A (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-12-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engine
JPH01121502A (ja) * 1987-11-02 1989-05-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd ロッカアームの支持構造
US4848285A (en) * 1986-10-15 1989-07-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4887563A (en) * 1986-10-16 1989-12-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4905639A (en) * 1986-10-23 1990-03-06 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4907550A (en) * 1986-10-23 1990-03-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for changing operation timing of valves for internal combustion engine
US4949687A (en) * 1987-12-22 1990-08-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Four valve cylinder head for a four cycle engine
US4962732A (en) * 1987-07-13 1990-10-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating device for internal combustion engine
US5588411A (en) * 1995-01-18 1996-12-31 Meta Motoren- Und Energie-Technik Gmbh Method for controlling an internal combustion engine with external ignition system and with a fuel injection system
US5791306A (en) * 1997-08-13 1998-08-11 Caterpillar Inc. Internal combustion engine speed-throttle control
EP0967367A3 (en) * 1998-06-24 2000-05-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve drive system for an internal combustion engine
US20080257310A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-23 Theobald Mark A Hybrid powertrain with reversing engine and method of control
US20100287940A1 (en) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-18 Andrea Ciani Burner of a gas turbine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT404864B (de) * 1989-10-25 1999-03-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Brennkraftmaschine mit mehr als zwei ventilen je zylinder

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1415167A (en) * 1919-03-31 1922-05-09 Renault Louis Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines
GB920484A (en) * 1960-09-10 1963-03-06 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to valve-driving arrangements for internal combustion engines
US3299871A (en) * 1965-04-03 1967-01-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Valve control for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1415167A (en) * 1919-03-31 1922-05-09 Renault Louis Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines
GB920484A (en) * 1960-09-10 1963-03-06 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to valve-driving arrangements for internal combustion engines
US3299871A (en) * 1965-04-03 1967-01-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Valve control for internal combustion engines

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3821942A (en) * 1971-09-30 1974-07-02 Japan Ships Machinery Dev Driving apparatus for valves of internal combustion engines
US4466400A (en) * 1979-08-07 1984-08-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine
US4484546A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-11-27 Investment Rarities, Incorporated Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
WO1983001483A1 (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-28 Investment Rarities Inc Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
US4414931A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-11-15 Investment Rarities, Incorporated Variable valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
JPS58120808U (ja) * 1982-02-10 1983-08-17 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPS6329127Y2 (da) * 1982-02-10 1988-08-05
US4558667A (en) * 1982-07-23 1985-12-17 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve driving apparatus for an internal combustion engine
JPS6367003B2 (da) * 1982-08-12 1988-12-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd
JPS5929710A (ja) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPS5945204U (ja) * 1982-09-17 1984-03-26 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPS6329843Y2 (da) * 1982-09-17 1988-08-10
US4686945A (en) * 1982-10-26 1987-08-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve structure for an internal combustion engine
WO1984003331A1 (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-08-30 Ford Motor Co Valve mechanism
US4621597A (en) * 1983-10-04 1986-11-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head for double overhead cam engine
DE3436426A1 (de) * 1983-10-04 1985-05-02 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Zylinderkopf fuer eine brennkraftmaschine mit zwei obenliegenden nockenwellen
US4592314A (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-06-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve actuating mechanism for internal combustion engine
US4848285A (en) * 1986-10-15 1989-07-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4887563A (en) * 1986-10-16 1989-12-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4905639A (en) * 1986-10-23 1990-03-06 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine
US4907550A (en) * 1986-10-23 1990-03-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for changing operation timing of valves for internal combustion engine
US4793296A (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-12-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engine
US4962732A (en) * 1987-07-13 1990-10-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Valve operating device for internal combustion engine
JPH01121502A (ja) * 1987-11-02 1989-05-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd ロッカアームの支持構造
JPH0543843B2 (da) * 1987-11-02 1993-07-02 Honda Motor Co Ltd
US4949687A (en) * 1987-12-22 1990-08-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Four valve cylinder head for a four cycle engine
US5588411A (en) * 1995-01-18 1996-12-31 Meta Motoren- Und Energie-Technik Gmbh Method for controlling an internal combustion engine with external ignition system and with a fuel injection system
US5791306A (en) * 1997-08-13 1998-08-11 Caterpillar Inc. Internal combustion engine speed-throttle control
EP0967367A3 (en) * 1998-06-24 2000-05-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve drive system for an internal combustion engine
US6125807A (en) * 1998-06-24 2000-10-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve drive system for engines
US6125806A (en) * 1998-06-24 2000-10-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve drive system for engines
US20080257310A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-23 Theobald Mark A Hybrid powertrain with reversing engine and method of control
US8033954B2 (en) * 2007-04-18 2011-10-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hybrid powertrain with reversing engine and method of control
US20100287940A1 (en) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-18 Andrea Ciani Burner of a gas turbine
US9726377B2 (en) * 2009-05-14 2017-08-08 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Burner of a gas turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2101665A1 (de) 1971-07-22
GB1330782A (en) 1973-09-19
DE2101665B2 (de) 1973-05-17
DE2101665C3 (de) 1973-12-06
FR2076442A5 (da) 1971-10-15

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