US3720504A - Sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloy and a method of preparing the same - Google Patents
Sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloy and a method of preparing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3720504A US3720504A US00081497A US3720504DA US3720504A US 3720504 A US3720504 A US 3720504A US 00081497 A US00081497 A US 00081497A US 3720504D A US3720504D A US 3720504DA US 3720504 A US3720504 A US 3720504A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hard metal
- steel
- alloys
- weight
- graphite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 chromium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
Definitions
- a sintered alloy of the type comprising a steel matrix and one or more metal carbides and which has high abrasion resistance, is characterized by the presence of free graphite in the steel matrix.
- Such sintered alloys are obtained by a method of sintering in which the sintered alloys are maintained for an extended period of time at sintering temperatures followed by controlled cooling.
- This invention relates to sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloys, and particularly relates to such alloys containing primarily metal carbide e.g. titanium carbide, and to a method of producing such alloys.
- metal carbide e.g. titanium carbide
- Hard metal alloys in which one of the components is a hard metal, namely a metal carbide, boride, nitride or silicide, and the other component is steel, are well known. Due to the high content of hard metal amounting to between 10 and 75% by weight of the alloy, such hard metal alloys are extremely abrasion-resistant and are used for instance for making plastics-forming tools, such as draw plates.
- Such materials may be porous sintered bearing materials, consisting for instance of iron, bronze, copper, German silver, plastics, carbon and other materials. Their lubricating properties derive from the fact that their pores are filled with oil, or materials such as copper, phosphor bronze and similar materials may have an inherent lubricity.
- Other materials that have self-lubricating properties are cast irons in which the presence of flaky or spheroidal graphite together with phosphides and sulphides is responsible for a self-lubricating effect.
- Other cast iron types contain minor proportions of chromium carbides and molybdenum carbides and possess a somewhat improved abrasion resistance. However, the wear-resistance of these materials likewise falls short of requirements.
- the present invention provides a highly abrasion resistant hard alloy which has self-lubricating properties, and which is suitable for the fabrication of parts that in use will be exposed to considerable rubbing wear.
- the invention provides a sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloy consisting essentially of 10 to 75% by weight of hard metal consisting substantially of one or more metal td States atent 3,720,504 Patented Mar. 13, 1973 carbides, and from to 90% by weight of a steel matrix containing free graphite.
- the graphite content of alloys according to the invention is preferably between 0.8% and 3.9% by Weight based on the total weight of the alloy.
- Preferred hard metal alloys according to the invention consist essentially of all percentages being by weight.
- 7 metal alloys is preferably from 15 to 35%.
- titanium carbide in the said preferred alloys may be replaced by one or more other metal carbides.
- the resultant structure resembles that of cast iron and has the self-lubricating properties of the latter.
- Tests have confirmed that the life of steel-bonded hard metal alloys that are known to be extremely abrasionresistant is substantially prolonged by the addition of the graphite in the steel matrix whenever alloys according to the invention are subjected to rubbing wear.
- the wearresistance to rubbing friction was also found to exist in situations when only one of the two frictionally co-operating parts consisted of the steel-bonded hard metal alloy according to the invention, and the other of another material.
- solubilities during sintering differ from those obtaining when a melt freezes, during which freezing carbon is primarily precipitated only from hypereutectic alloys (above 4.3% by weight of C), and continuing solidification causing graphite to attach itself to the carbon.
- freezing carbon is primarily precipitated only from hypereutectic alloys (above 4.3% by weight of C)
- graphite to attach itself to the carbon.
- the formation of cementite must be prevented and the solution of the carbon in the iron assured. Consequently the manner in which the overall sintering treatment of hard metal alloys according to the invention is conducted is of primary importance.
- a method according to the invention of sintering the said hard metal alloys is provided by forming a pressing of powdered starting materials (namely the elements forming the hard metal component and the steel matrix), and heating the pressing at the rate of from 80 to 100 C. per hour to a sintering temperature of from 1000 to 1200 C., maintaining the thus-heated pressing at the sintering temperature for at least 4, and preferably from 4 to 6 hours, cooling the sintered pressing at the rate of from 30 to 50 C. per hour to a temperature between 750 and 850C, and then further coolingthe pressing to room temperature at the rate of from 100 to 200 C. per hour.
- powdered starting materials namely the elements forming the hard metal component and the steel matrix
- the successful sintering of the process depends on the chemical composition, since during sintering the reaction proceeds and a hard brittle material resembling white iron is produced having properties that are the exact reverse of those of the required material.
- the randomly-orientated graphite improves the resistance to temperature shock and the thermal conductivity of the material.
- the deliberately non-orientated, but finely and evenly distributed graphite flakes lead to a very low coefficient of friction and a high resistance to heat cracking which may occur when high and rapid surface friction arises, as when parts are inexpertly ground and the temperature is allowed to fluctuate by rapid heating and cooling.
- a hard metal alloy according to the invention was prepared containing 20% by weight of titanium carbide, 2.5% by weight of carbon, 2.0% by weight of silicon, 1.5% by Weight of nickel, balance iron.
- the steel matrix was purely ferritic and the graphite was present in spheroidal and flaky form.
- the titanium carbide was evenly distributed in grain sizes between 1 and 3 m.
- the hardness of the said alloy was 33 to 36 HRC, corresponding to 321 to 35.3 H8.
- the proportion by volume of the graphite was in the range 35 to 40%, and provided the alloy with the desired self-lubricating property in addition to resistance to abrasive wear.
- This ferritic structure containing flaky graphite lamellae and having a titanium carbide content provides outstanding damping properties which improve even further with greater carbon contents, i.e. a pearlitic structure.
- An increase of the nickel content to 36.0% by weight leads to the production of an austenitic matrix having embedded therein titanium carbides and graphite, the content of carbon controlling the quantity of graphite present.
- Such austenitic alloys are corrosion resistant, nonmagnetic, non-scaling, very tough and also satisfactorily machinable.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion of austenitic alloys is nearly twice that of ferritic or pearlitic alloys containing titanium carbide and graphite.
- Manganese contents encourage the formation of austenite and may be as high as 7.0% by weight.
- Aluminium in quantities up to 7.0% by weight increases the volume of the liquid phase, which is desirable when the hard metal contents are high.
- Copper up to 8.0% by weight has an aging effect and also improves the lubricity of the alloy.
- Boron up to 0.1% by weight has a deoxidant effect in the interior of the alloy and causes existing oxygen to be bound by forming B 0 in the alloy, which easily volatilises at relatively low temperatures in a vacuum.
- the elements, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and titanium are not often required in hard metal alloys according to the invention, because they are strong carbide-formers that would at once react with the graphite. However, they may be incorporated in total quantities not exceeding 2.0% by weight, for hardening the alloy.
- the production of hard metal alloys according to the invention utilizes the main constituents, namely hard metal, and the individual components of the steel matrix.
- the individual elements forming the hard metal component and the steel matrix, or key alloys containing the same such as carbonyl iron, graphite, silicon, for instance in the form of ferrosilicon, may be dry mixed, wet ground to a grain size of 1 to 3 ,um., vacuum dried, pressed and sintered in a vacuum of 2 '10 torr at about 1100 C.
- Sintering proceeds in the manner hereinbefore described by slow heating, soaking for several hours at sintering temperature and gradual cooling in stages after sintering has taken place.
- a heat treatment of the sintered hard metal alloy may subsequently be carried out. This may comprise annealing to relieve internal stress without affecting the structure at a temperature between 550 and 650 C.
- a heat treatment may be performed between 650 and 800 C.
- For pearlitic basic structures hardening in oil at 870 to 900 C. followed by drawing between 200 and 240 C. may be performed.
- Steel-bonded hard metal alloys according to the invention are particularly suitable for providing parts that are subject to rubbing friction and that should therefore have self-lubricating properties to prevent the co-operating part from being excessively worn. Thus they may be used for a variety of specific applications, for instance for bearings which may work at temperatures rising up to 900 C. if the matrix is austenitic, for brake drums, brake shoes, brake blocks, clutch presser plates, valve tappets, liners, sealing rings, gaskets, piston rings, parts of machinery and pump parts.
- the cost of production thereof may be reduced.
- a sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloy consisting essentially of 10 to 75% by weight of hard metal consisting substantially of one or more metal carbides and from 25% to by weight of a steel matrix containing free graphite.
- a hard metal alloy according to claim 1 having a composition (by weight):
- a hard metal alloy according to claim 4 containing from to of titanium carbide.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1953481A DE1953481C2 (de) | 1969-10-24 | 1969-10-24 | Gesinterte stahlgebundene Karbid hartlegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Her stellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3720504A true US3720504A (en) | 1973-03-13 |
Family
ID=5749027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00081497A Expired - Lifetime US3720504A (en) | 1969-10-24 | 1970-10-16 | Sintered steel-bonded hard metal alloy and a method of preparing the same |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3720504A (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS5031848B1 (de) |
| CH (1) | CH557882A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE1953481C2 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2066359A5 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB1316298A (de) |
| SE (1) | SE362444B (de) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3918924A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1975-11-11 | Chugai Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for producing wear-resistant ferrous sintered metal containing high amounts of titanium carbide grains and carbon particles |
| US3966423A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1976-06-29 | Mal M Kumar | Grain refinement of titanium carbide tool steel |
| US3967935A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1976-07-06 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Corrosion and wear resistant steel sinter alloy |
| US3977837A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1976-08-31 | Chromalloy American Corporation | Titanium carbide tool steel having improved properties |
| US3981062A (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1976-09-21 | Ford Motor Company | Apex seal composition for rotary engines |
| US4156606A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1979-05-29 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke Ag | Hard-material alloy for use in tool parts and parts subject to wear |
| US4287643A (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1981-09-08 | Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. | Carding element |
| DE19743745A1 (de) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-04-08 | Schlafhorst & Co W | Auflösewalze für eine Offenend-Spinnvorrichtung |
| US20050217764A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-10-06 | Takemori Takayama | Ferrous abrasion resistant sliding materials and sliding members |
| US20060046867A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-02 | Murphy James M | Golf club shaft having a steel and graphite composition |
| US20060237412A1 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-10-26 | Wallin Jack G | Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron |
| US20180154449A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-07 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method for producing a swashplate |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE399911C (sv) * | 1976-02-05 | 1980-01-31 | Sandvik Ab | Slitdetalj med hog slitstyrka och god hallfasthet, sammansatt av hardmetall och gjutjern |
| DE3264742D1 (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1985-08-22 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Tungsten carbide-base hard alloy for hot-working apparatus members |
| DE3128236C2 (de) * | 1981-04-09 | 1983-12-22 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Selbstschmierende Hartstofflegierung |
| DE102017203076A1 (de) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verbundwerkstoffe mit sehr hoher Verschleißbeständigkeit |
-
1969
- 1969-10-24 DE DE1953481A patent/DE1953481C2/de not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-10-01 CH CH1457570A patent/CH557882A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-10-13 GB GB4863670A patent/GB1316298A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-10-16 US US00081497A patent/US3720504A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-10-22 SE SE14255/70A patent/SE362444B/xx unknown
- 1970-10-22 FR FR7038109A patent/FR2066359A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-10-23 JP JP45093416A patent/JPS5031848B1/ja active Pending
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3918924A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1975-11-11 | Chugai Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for producing wear-resistant ferrous sintered metal containing high amounts of titanium carbide grains and carbon particles |
| US3967935A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1976-07-06 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Corrosion and wear resistant steel sinter alloy |
| US3981062A (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1976-09-21 | Ford Motor Company | Apex seal composition for rotary engines |
| US3966423A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1976-06-29 | Mal M Kumar | Grain refinement of titanium carbide tool steel |
| US3977837A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1976-08-31 | Chromalloy American Corporation | Titanium carbide tool steel having improved properties |
| US4156606A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1979-05-29 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke Ag | Hard-material alloy for use in tool parts and parts subject to wear |
| US4287643A (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1981-09-08 | Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. | Carding element |
| DE19743745A1 (de) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-04-08 | Schlafhorst & Co W | Auflösewalze für eine Offenend-Spinnvorrichtung |
| US6101805A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-08-15 | W. Schlafhorst Ag & Co. | Opening roller for an open-end spinning device |
| US8480820B2 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2013-07-09 | Komatsu Ltd. | Ferrous abrasion resistant sliding materials and sliding members |
| US20050217764A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-10-06 | Takemori Takayama | Ferrous abrasion resistant sliding materials and sliding members |
| US20060046867A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-02 | Murphy James M | Golf club shaft having a steel and graphite composition |
| US20060237412A1 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-10-26 | Wallin Jack G | Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron |
| US20130294820A1 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2013-11-07 | Stoody Company | Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron |
| US9403241B2 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2016-08-02 | Stoody Company | Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron |
| US9409259B2 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2016-08-09 | Stoody Company | Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron |
| US20180154449A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-07 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method for producing a swashplate |
| CN108150379A (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 米巴烧结奥地利有限公司 | 用于制造斜盘的方法 |
| US10792733B2 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2020-10-06 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method for producing a swashplate |
| CN108150379B (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2021-04-23 | 米巴烧结奥地利有限公司 | 用于制造斜盘的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1953481A1 (de) | 1972-02-10 |
| DE1953481B2 (de) | 1972-07-06 |
| SE362444B (de) | 1973-12-10 |
| DE1953481C2 (de) | 1973-11-15 |
| GB1316298A (en) | 1973-05-09 |
| JPS5031848B1 (de) | 1975-10-15 |
| CH557882A (de) | 1975-01-15 |
| FR2066359A5 (de) | 1971-08-06 |
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