US3718823A - Optical detectors for inspecting the condition of samples - Google Patents

Optical detectors for inspecting the condition of samples Download PDF

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Publication number
US3718823A
US3718823A US00196293A US3718823DA US3718823A US 3718823 A US3718823 A US 3718823A US 00196293 A US00196293 A US 00196293A US 3718823D A US3718823D A US 3718823DA US 3718823 A US3718823 A US 3718823A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sample
circuit
light
output
optical detector
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00196293A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Niikura
H Arita
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Toshiba Corp
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Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/181—Testing mechanical properties or condition, e.g. wear or tear
    • G07D7/187—Detecting defacement or contamination, e.g. dirt
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT To inspect the condition of a sample, for example a paper money, there are provided a conveyor for successivelyconveying the sample along a predetermined 'path; optical means including a source of light disposed on one side of the conveyor for projecting light upon a predetermined area containing a predetermined portion, e.g., the margin of the sample, and a photoelectric transducer on the opposite side and including a plurality of juxtaposed unit elements for producing electric outputs proportional to the quantity of light impinging thereon; and a selection circuit responsive to the outputs from respective unit elements for selecting the output only from a particular unit element corresponding to the predetermined portion of the sample irrespective of the deviation of the position of the sample from said path.
  • optical means including a source of light disposed on one side of the conveyor for projecting light upon a predetermined area containing a predetermined portion, e.g., the margin of the sample, and a photoelectric transducer on the opposite side and including a plurality of juxtaposed unit elements for producing
  • This invention relates to an optical detector and more particularly to an optical detector wherein materials or samples of definite configuration and size are successively conveyed and the condition of particular portions of the samples is inspected or detected during conveyance.
  • Examples of the samples of definite configuration and size are paper moneys, certificate stamps, stockcertificates and the like.
  • paper moneys are severely damaged of spoiled during their long period of circulation by frequent use and handling by many people.
  • paper moneys are frequently folded and unfolded.
  • edge portions are often teared and severed paper moneys are connected together as by an adhesive tape or a thin paper.
  • These damaged paper moneys should be detected and separated when they are recovered by banks or other banking facilities.
  • Prior art manual detection and separation of damaged paper moneys is not only inaccurate but also inefficient and requires much labors.
  • samples are successively conveyed by clamping them between moving belts and by inspecting particular portions, that is margins of the samples by means of an optical detector located on one or both sides of the conveyor belts.
  • an optical detector located on one or both sides of the conveyor belts.
  • the longitudinal direction or orientation of the samples is often deviated, sometimes by 90, from the direction of movement.
  • the margins of the samples are generally narrow it is difficult to inspect the condition of such margins unless the samples are maintained in correct positions during conveyance. More particularly, the direction of the margins of the samples with reference to the stationary optical detector varies from sample to sample as they are successively conveyed.
  • This method requires bulky detector means of complicated construction because it is necessary to use a switching circuit.
  • the apparatus is complicated because it is necessary to scan moving samples. Moreover, as the frequency of the signal produced is high its processing is troublesome and requires difficult operation.
  • an optical detector capable of inspecting or detecting the condition of particular portions of samples while they are successively conveyed.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a detector capable of inspecting the condition particular portions of samples even when these orientations are deflected from the direction of normal movement thereof.
  • the margin of the paper money may be used as said predetermined portion and where the sample is a printed matter printed with a definite pattern having adjoining bright and dark portions, an area covering both bright and dark portions may be used as said predetermined area.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of this invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a block circuit diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1:
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational view showing various positions of samples while they are being conveyed.
  • samples to be detected are paper moneys and that portions to be detected are their longitudinal side edges or margins.
  • a paper money 10 has its central portion 11 printed with a prescribed pattern and a peripheral margin 12 not printed.
  • Such margin is likely to be most spoiled or damaged so that by detecting the difference in the brightness thereof, spoilage can be readily detected. Further, the margin permits ready detection of repair as by lining or lap bonding.
  • a conveyor device 13 for successively conveying paper moneys comprises a pair of juxtaposed belts l4 and rollers 15 for driving the belts at a constant speed. The width of the belts is selected such that most of the upper and lower side edges or margin 12 of the paper money being conveyed are exposed.
  • An optical detector 16 is located at a suitable position along the conveyor device 13.
  • Detector 16 comprises a source of light, or a lamp 17 on one side of belts l4, and a photoelectric transducer 18 on the opposite side.
  • Condenser lenses 19 and 20 are disposed between lamp 17 and photoelectric transducer 18. The relative position between the lamp, lenses and photoelectric transducer is selected such that the light from lamp 17 is converted into parallel light beams, that a portion of the parallel light beams transmits through the margin 12 of the paper money whereas remaining parallel beams are directly directed to the photoelectric transducer 18 by lens 20.
  • the photoelectric transducer 18 comprises an assembly of 24 unit elements 180, for example.
  • Each unit element 18a has an area to receive light corresponding to an area of 1.0 X 0.8 cm of the paper money, for example. Accordingly, the unit element receiving the light directly from the lamp and the unit element receivingthe light that has transmitted through the margin of the paper money are positioned on the opposite sides of a particular unit element receiving the light that has passed by the longitudinal side edge 10a of the paper money. Thus, by detecting this particular unit element it is possible to determine the position of the side edge.
  • unit elements 18a of photoelectric transducer 18 are designated as l8a(l), 18a(2) 18a(n) starting from the upper-most one.
  • the output of each unit element is coupled to a level detection circuit that is a quantizing circuit 23 such as a Schmidt circuit.
  • the output of each Schmidt circuit for example the i-th Schmidt circuit 22(i), is connected to one input terminal of an AND circuit 24(i) through an inverter 23(1) whereas the other input terminal of AND circuit 24(i) is connected to the output of a Schmidt circuit corresponding to the next unit element, that is the (i 1)th Schmidt circuit 22(i 1).
  • the output of AND circuit 24(i) is connected to one input terminal of another AND circuit 25(i), the other input terminal of the later AND circuit being connected to the output of the amplifier associated with a unit element preceding the unit element connected to said later AND circuit, that is the (i 1)th amplifier 21(i 1).
  • the portions of the margin 12 of the paper money 10 above line AB and corresponding to the (i l)th unit element l8a(i 1) are detected.
  • Outputs of AND circuits 25 are connected to an OR circuit 26 and the output thereof is supplied to a comparator 28 together with the output from a reference signal generating circuit 27, which is constructed to generate a signal corresponding to a signal which is generated when said specified portions of a reference paper money above line AB are detected.
  • the device operates as follows:
  • Paper moneys l clamped between conveyor belts 14 take various positions with respect to belts during conveyance. More particularly, in addition to the normal position shown at a in FIG. 3 they assume various abnormal positions as shown at 10b to 10:2.
  • the light from lamp 17 is projected upon an area including the margin 12 of the paper money and adjacent regions.
  • respective unit elements 18a of photoelectric transducer 18 receive the light from lamp 17 directly or through margins of the paper moneys.
  • the quantizing level of each Schmidt circuit is selected such that the circuit 22 produces an output signal by the direct light but does not provide an output by the light transmitted through the margin of the paper money.
  • the light passed near the edge 10a of the paper money 10 forms an inverted image on respective unit elements 18a which produce outputs corresponding to the quantity of the light received which are supplied to Schmidt circuits 22.
  • Schmidt circuits 22(i l) and 22(1') will not provide any output whereas Schmidt circuit 22(i 1) will provide an output.
  • an AND condition is not held for AND circuits 24(i 1) and 24(i l) but held for AND circuit 24(i) by the outputs from inverter 23(i) and Schmidt circuit 22(i 1), thus giving an output to the one input terminal of AND circuit 25(1').
  • AND circuit 25(i) an AND condition is held for AND circuit 25(i) by the output from amplifier 21(i l) and the output thereof is taken out through OR circuit 26. Accordingly, this output always corresponds to a region within a definite distance from edge 10a of the paper money. In other words, this output represents the optical output of the region above line AB.
  • a given AND circuit 25 provides an output corresponding to a given unit element 18a irrespective of the variation in the positions of successive paper moneys being conveyed by the conveyor belts.
  • the output from OR circuit 26 is compared with the reference signal from the reference signal generating circuit 27 by comparator 28. When there is a difference between these two signals, comparator 28 provides an output which is utilized to detect or remove an abnormal paper.
  • the longitudinal side edge 10a of a paper money 10 is utilized as a border line and the condition of the region within a predetermined distance from the edge 10a is detected optically, where the pattern printed on the sample contains bright and dark portions, in other words where there is a bordor line between adjacent regions having different transmissibility of light it is also possible to detect a particular portion of the sample spaced a definite distance from such border line in a direction parpendicular to the movement of the sample, e.g., a bright or dark image of the pattern.
  • the light from lamp 17 is adjusted to irradiate a given area of the pattern including the borderline and the quantizing level of the Schmidt circuit of the detection circuit is set to correspond to the quantity of light transmitted through the bright portion or margin of the sample and to the quantity of light transmitted through the dark portion or the printed pattern so as to produce an output from a unit element of the photoelectric transducer corresponding to the border line.
  • An optical detector for inspecting the condition of a sample comprising conveyor means for successively conveying said sample along a predetermined path; optical means including a source of light disposed on one side of said path for projecting light upon a predetermined area containing a predetermined portion of said sample, and a photoelectric transducer disposed on the opposite side of said path for receiving the light transmitted through said area; said photoelectric transducer including a plurality of juxtaposed unit elements each producing an electric output proportional to the quantity of light impinging thereon; and a selection circuit responsive to outputs from respective unit elements of said photoelectric transducer for selecting the output only from a particular unit element corresponding to said predetermined portion of said sample irrespective of the deviation of the position of said sample from said path.
  • An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said sample comprises a printed matter having a definite pattern printed on the central portion and a not printed margin around its periphery.
  • An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said sample comprises a printed matter printed with a definite pattern having relatively bright and dark portions divided by a definite border line.
  • An optical detector according to claim 3 wherein said light is projected upon a predetermined area of said printed pattern including said bright and dark portions and said border line therebetween.
  • said selection circuit comprises a plurality of quantizing circuits for quantizing the outputs from said plurality of unit elements of said photoelectric transducer, a plurality of first AND circuits, one of the inputs of each AND circuit being connected to the output of corresponding one of said quantizing circuits through an inverter while the other of said inputs being connected to the output of the next quantizing circuit, and a plurality of second AND circuits, one of the inputs of each second AND circuit being connected to the output of a corresponding one of said first AND circuit while the other input of said each second AND circuit being connected to the output of a preceding first AND circuit.
  • said selection circuit further comprises an OR circuit connected to the outputs of said second AND circuits.
  • said selection circuit further comprises a comparator which compares the outputs from said second AND cir cuit and a reference signal.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
US00196293A 1970-11-11 1971-11-08 Optical detectors for inspecting the condition of samples Expired - Lifetime US3718823A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1970111205U JPS5116319Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-11 1970-11-11

Publications (1)

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US3718823A true US3718823A (en) 1973-02-27

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US (1) US3718823A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5116319Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1372403A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4054388A (en) * 1974-08-22 1977-10-18 T.I. (Group Services) Limited Optical control means
FR2349861A1 (fr) * 1976-04-30 1977-11-25 Gretag Ag Procede de determination des positions relatives de points ou zones qui se correspondent d'une epreuve et d'un original et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4163157A (en) * 1976-07-30 1979-07-31 Traitement De L'information Et Techniques Nouvelles Data medium scanning process and apparatus
US4189235A (en) * 1976-11-29 1980-02-19 G.A.O.Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Test device for dynamically measuring the degree of dirt accumulation on bank-notes
US4341472A (en) * 1980-09-15 1982-07-27 Rca Corporation Method and apparatus for positioning a tapered body
DE3139365A1 (de) * 1981-10-02 1983-04-14 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München Verfahren zur bestimmung des abnutzungsgrades von banknoten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung eines solchen verfahrens
EP0079163A1 (en) * 1981-10-27 1983-05-18 De La Rue Systems Limited Detecting the condition of a sheet
EP0072448A3 (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-06-22 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Means and methods for detecting anomalies in currency bills, coupons and the like
US4509265A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-04-09 General Electric Company Turbine blade measurement
US4523850A (en) * 1982-10-14 1985-06-18 Rca Corporation System for positioning a body
US4539702A (en) * 1983-01-08 1985-09-03 Laurel Bank Machine Co., Ltd. Bill discriminating method
US4553846A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-11-19 De La Rue Systems Limited Optical detection system for features on a sheet or web
US4875776A (en) * 1979-09-07 1989-10-24 Diffracto Ltd. Electro-optical inspection
US4988204A (en) * 1987-07-02 1991-01-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Joint inspection apparatus
US5159202A (en) * 1989-12-20 1992-10-27 Nitto Denko Corporation Wafer shape detecting method
WO1996026146A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-29 Böwe Systec AG Kontrolleinrichtung zur überwachung des laufes zweier übereinanderliegender papierbahnen in einer papierverarbeitungsmaschine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621266A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-16 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Method and apparatus for measuring the lengths of objects being conveyed
US3628025A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-12-14 Lonza Ag Photoelectric control device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS447278Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1965-06-14 1969-03-18

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621266A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-16 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Method and apparatus for measuring the lengths of objects being conveyed
US3628025A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-12-14 Lonza Ag Photoelectric control device

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4054388A (en) * 1974-08-22 1977-10-18 T.I. (Group Services) Limited Optical control means
FR2349861A1 (fr) * 1976-04-30 1977-11-25 Gretag Ag Procede de determination des positions relatives de points ou zones qui se correspondent d'une epreuve et d'un original et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4163157A (en) * 1976-07-30 1979-07-31 Traitement De L'information Et Techniques Nouvelles Data medium scanning process and apparatus
US4189235A (en) * 1976-11-29 1980-02-19 G.A.O.Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Test device for dynamically measuring the degree of dirt accumulation on bank-notes
US4875776A (en) * 1979-09-07 1989-10-24 Diffracto Ltd. Electro-optical inspection
US4341472A (en) * 1980-09-15 1982-07-27 Rca Corporation Method and apparatus for positioning a tapered body
EP0072448A3 (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-06-22 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Means and methods for detecting anomalies in currency bills, coupons and the like
DE3139365A1 (de) * 1981-10-02 1983-04-14 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München Verfahren zur bestimmung des abnutzungsgrades von banknoten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung eines solchen verfahrens
DE3139365C2 (de) * 1981-10-02 1993-10-14 Gao Ges Automation Org Verfahren zur Überprüfung des Randbereichs von Banknoten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US4516031A (en) * 1981-10-02 1985-05-07 Gao Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Method of determining the degree of wear of bank-notes and a device for carrying out this method
EP0079163A1 (en) * 1981-10-27 1983-05-18 De La Rue Systems Limited Detecting the condition of a sheet
US4553846A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-11-19 De La Rue Systems Limited Optical detection system for features on a sheet or web
US4523850A (en) * 1982-10-14 1985-06-18 Rca Corporation System for positioning a body
US4539702A (en) * 1983-01-08 1985-09-03 Laurel Bank Machine Co., Ltd. Bill discriminating method
US4509265A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-04-09 General Electric Company Turbine blade measurement
US4988204A (en) * 1987-07-02 1991-01-29 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Joint inspection apparatus
US5159202A (en) * 1989-12-20 1992-10-27 Nitto Denko Corporation Wafer shape detecting method
WO1996026146A1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-29 Böwe Systec AG Kontrolleinrichtung zur überwachung des laufes zweier übereinanderliegender papierbahnen in einer papierverarbeitungsmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1372403A (en) 1974-10-30
JPS5116319Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-04-28

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