US3709720A - Process and apparatus for coating a tube of fiber material with viscose by extrusion - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for coating a tube of fiber material with viscose by extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3709720A
US3709720A US00100916A US3709720DA US3709720A US 3709720 A US3709720 A US 3709720A US 00100916 A US00100916 A US 00100916A US 3709720D A US3709720D A US 3709720DA US 3709720 A US3709720 A US 3709720A
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United States
Prior art keywords
viscose
tube
annular
coating
die
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00100916A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Kindl
G Gerigk
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691965130 external-priority patent/DE1965130C3/de
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Publication of US3709720A publication Critical patent/US3709720A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • B29C48/153—Coating both inner and outer surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C13/00—Sausage casings
    • A22C2013/002—Sausage casings made by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the continuous coating of a tube of fiber material with viscose, the process comprising conveying the tube so that its wall traverses a cylindrical zone of a Width of 0.3 to 1.0 mm. defined by external and internal elements, and in its progress through said zone is coated with viscose first on the exterior and then on the interior thereof.
  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for coating a tube of fiber material with viscose by extrusion.
  • Fiber-reinforced tubes of regenerated cellulose are known which consist of a tube of fiber material coated on the outside and inside with a layer of regenerated cellulose and which tube is filled more or less completely with regenerated cellulose located between the fibers.
  • the tube of fiber material is formed from a web of fiber fleece by bonding together the overlapped edges of the web.
  • the seam is preferably bonded with viscose.
  • the application of the two coatings of viscose is carried out with the aid of annular dies in conjunction with a backing element which supports the tube when the viscose is forced onto it from the annular dies.
  • annular die When applying the outer coating, an annular die is employed which forces the viscose inwards and which surrounds the backing element, whereas when the inner coating is applied an annular die is used which forces the viscose outwards and is surrounded by an annular backing element.
  • apparatus described therein can be used for coating both sides of a tube.
  • annular die is described suitable for applying the outer coating of viscose, and the tube of fiber material, directly after the application of the viscose, is passed through a cylindrical passage between the annular die and a backing element.
  • the tube provided with the two coatings of viscose, is then subjected to various further treatments having, among others, the purposes of coagulating the viscose and regenerating it to form cellulose, washing the tube, incorporating a plasticizer into it, and drying it.
  • the penetration of the viscose into the tube of fiber material requires a certain time, as does the coagulation of the viscose in the setting bath. Since, during the continuous production of fiber-reinforced tubes of regenerated cellulose by the above-described method, the coating of the tube with viscose and the coagulation of the viscose coatings must be carried out while the tube is moving downwards, without being laid fiat, the height of the plant used increases with the required production rate and the length of time needed for the penetration of the viscose into the tube and for coagulation of the viscose.
  • the present invention provides a process for the continuous coating of a tube of fiber material with viscose, wherein the tube is so conveyed that its wall traverses a cylindrical passage of a width of 0.3 to 1.0 mm, defined by external and internal elements, and in its progress through this passage is coated with viscose first on the exterior and then on the interior. This process reduces the amount of space and time required for the coating of a tube of fiber material on both sides with viscose.
  • the invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out this process, the apparatus including as an external element an annular slot die with the slot directed internally toward the passage and as an internal element an annular slot die with the slot directed externally toward the passage, the arrangement being such that the passage has the indicated width and external and internal coating of the tube can be carried out in the indicated sequence.
  • the distance from the exit opening of the passage through which the tube passes at which the viscose is applied to the inside of the tube depends upon the selected width of the passage through which the tube pases. The distance is between 1 and 50 mm. and must be the greater the greater the width of the passage. The thinner the fiber fleece of which the tube is made, the greater, as a rule, the width within the stated limits of 0.3 and 1.0 mm.
  • the following relationship are observed between the width w of the pasage through which the tube passes and the distance a between the slot in the inner die and the exit opening (values in mm.)
  • the distance a is measured from the exit opening to the nearest edge of the annular slot in the inner die.
  • relatively short distances can be used.
  • the distance over which the tube is passed in the passage prior to the application of viscose to the outside of the tube is such that no viscose escapes 'at the entry opening of the passage through which the tube passes.
  • a distance of travel of at least 2 mm. is generally necessary.
  • this distance is kept within the abovestated limits for the distance a.
  • the viscose is expediently applied to the inside of the tube of fiber material at the latest one second after the application of viscose to the outside of the tube, and advantageously the two applicatrons of viscose take place with an interval of 0.003 to 0.3 second.
  • the rate at which the operation is carried out i.e. the rate of travel of the tube of fiber material, can be 20 meters/min. or more.
  • the approach to the entry opening and the departure path from the exit opening may, if desired, be convergent and divergent, respectively.
  • the apparatus of the invention is further illustrated diagrammatically by way of example in the accompanying drawing, the single figure of which is a cross-section of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus consists of an outer annular die and an inner annular die located therein, each of the two dies consisting of two parts, i.e. an upper part 1a and 11' respectively and a lower part 2a and 2i respectively.
  • the outer annular die 1a, 2a has a central cylindrical bore, the wall of which is formed by an upper lip 3a and a lower lip 4a of the die.
  • the two component parts 1a and 2a of the die form an annular chamber 6a into which leads a feed pipe 5a.
  • the annular chamber 6a is for receiving viscose which is forced into it through the feed pipe 5a.
  • the viscose passes from the annular chamber 6a into an annular slot 7a which enters the cylindrical bore between the two lips 3a and 4a of the die.
  • the inner annular die 1i, 2i is located in the central bore of the outer annular die 1a, 2a.
  • the outer walls of this inner die are formed by an upper lip 3i and a lower lip 4i of the inner die.
  • the two component parts 1i and 2i likewise form an annular chamber 6i.
  • a feed pipe 5i enters this chamber.
  • the annular chamber 61' is also used for receiving viscose which is forced I into it through the feed pipe 5i.
  • the viscose passes from the annular chamber 6i into an annular slot 7i which is formed between the lips 3i and 4i of the die and extends through the outer wall of the annular die 1i, 2i.
  • the upper lip 3i of the inner annular die constitutes a backing element for the outer annular die 1a, 2a, and the lower lip 4a of the outer annular die 1a, at the same time constitutes a backing element for the inner annular die 1i, 2i.
  • the two annular dies 1a, 2a and 1i, 2i are secured to a common frame in such a manner that they can be lined up coaxially with one another.
  • the frame, the means for securing the two annular dies to it and the centering device are of known type and are not illustrated in the drawing.
  • the tube of fiber material that is to be coated is designated by the numeral 9, and its overlapped seam by the numeral 10.
  • the distances between the entry opening of the passage for the tube and the annular slot of the external die and between the annular slot of the internal die and the exit opening of the passage for the tube are at least 2 mm. and at least three times the width of the passage. They are preferably 3 to 15 mm. and the width of the passage through which the tube passes is preferably 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
  • none of the three distances referred to above is greater than mm. Greater distances would not bring about any additional advantages in the invention, but would cause the disadvantage that more material would be used for constructing the apparatus and the apparatus would become unnecessarily long.
  • the annular slots in the two annular dies usually have a width of less than 1 mm., and their length, in the radial direction, is usually only a few millimeters, i.e. 2 to 3 mm. However, neither the width nor the length of the annular slots 7a and 7i appears to have an appreciable eifect upon the maximum rate at which the tube of fiber material can be coated with viscose, without failure of the viscose to completely saturate the tube or other undesirable effects occurring during the production of a fiber-reinforced cellulose tube.
  • the amount of viscose per unit area applied to the tube of fiber material depends upon the quantity of viscose which is forced through the annular slots (7a and 7i) of the two dies during unit time, the rate of travel of the tube through the apparatus being the same.
  • the total quantity of viscose applied can be distributed in widely varying proportions over the outside and inside of the tube of fiber material.
  • the annular slots in the two dies are preferably directed perpendicularly to the passage through which the tube passes, but can, however, also extend toward it at a downwardly inclined angle.
  • the apparatus of the invention is suitable for coating with viscose both sides of tubes of fiber material which are made from fiber fleeces having a thickness of approximately 0.06 to 0.12 mm. Tubes of fiber material having diameters of 30 mm. or more can be coated. There appears to be no upper limit as regards diameter, since tubes of fiber material of relatively large diameter-up to mm.have been successfully coated using the apparatus of the invention.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention enable viscose to be applied successively to the two sides of a tube of fiber material in a relatively short apparatus.
  • the method and apparatus also offer the advantage that the viscose applied to the tube of fiber material rapidly penetrates into the tube.
  • the method and the apparatus also offer the advantage that good results are obtained even when no separate step in the method is used for bonding the overlapping edges of the fiber fleece, the bonding of the overlapped portions instead taking place incidentally as a result of the external and internal coating of the tube of fiber material with viscose.
  • the method is preferably performed in this manner, that is, without a separate operation for bonding the overlapped seam.
  • the surface of the coagulating bath was at a distance of 50 cm. from the apparatus (travel through air). As a result of this short distance of travel through the air, which was determined to enable the apparatus to be operated in an improved manner, it was possible, in the same space as usual, to employ a three-meter high coagulating tank instead of the two-meter high tank previously used when applying a viscose coating on one side only of the tube.
  • the distance of travel of the fiber fleece coated on both sides with viscose, from the point of entry into the coagulating bath to a lower guide roller (where the tube is flattened) was 2.60 meters.
  • the coagulating bath contained 20 g./l. (gram per liter) of sulfuric acid and 150 g./l. of ammonium sulfate.
  • the fiber fleece was a standard commercial product as used in the manufacture of casings of fiber material and had a weight of 21 g. per square meter, a thickness of 0.09 mm. and a width of 204 mm. Bonding of the overlapping strip of fleece with viscose was not carried out as a separate step since this was accomplished incidentally by the viscose penetrating the fleece from the outward and inward directions.
  • the distance between the apparatus and the surface of the coagulating bath was 50 cm., and the distance from the surface of this bath to a lower guide roller (where the tube is flattened) was 2.60 m.
  • the coagulating bath contained 15 g./l. of sulfuric acid and g./ l. of ammonium sulfate.
  • the fiber fleece had a weight per square meter of 17 g., a thickness of 0.07 mm. and a width of 204 mm. 70 percent of the viscose was applied on the outside and 30 percent on the inside. At a speed of passage of 20 m./min. a very transparent, parchment-like fiber casing of excellent strength was obtained.
  • the time required for the viscose to penetrate into the fiber fleece was 1.5 sec. This time could be further reduced without adversely affecting the quality of the product.
  • a process for the continuous coating of a tube of fiber material with viscose which comprises conveying the tube so that its wall traverses a cylindrical zone of a width of 0.3 to 1.0 -mm., defined by external and internal elements, and in its progress through said zone is coated with viscose, by coating zones in said external and internal elements, first on the exterior and then on the interior thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US00100916A 1969-12-27 1970-12-23 Process and apparatus for coating a tube of fiber material with viscose by extrusion Expired - Lifetime US3709720A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691965130 DE1965130C3 (de) 1969-12-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten eines Faserschlauches mit Viscose

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3709720A true US3709720A (en) 1973-01-09

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US00100916A Expired - Lifetime US3709720A (en) 1969-12-27 1970-12-23 Process and apparatus for coating a tube of fiber material with viscose by extrusion

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3709720A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7024913D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA941693A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI54039C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2074277A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1336850A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7018431A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE356673B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390490A (en) * 1980-04-07 1983-06-28 Teepak, Inc. Fibrous casing extrusion
US4808439A (en) * 1986-11-08 1989-02-28 Wolff Walsrode Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for applying and impregnating fleece materials with viscous liquids
EP0559456A1 (en) 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 Viskase Corporation Cellulosic articles and their manufacture

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2829102C2 (de) * 1978-07-03 1982-11-18 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung faserverstärkter Schlauchhüllen auf Basis von Cellulosehydrat sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19510883A1 (de) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-26 Hoechst Ag Mit verringerter Viskosemenge hergestellte faserverstärkte Nahrungsmittelhüllen auf Cellulosehydratbasis

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390490A (en) * 1980-04-07 1983-06-28 Teepak, Inc. Fibrous casing extrusion
US4808439A (en) * 1986-11-08 1989-02-28 Wolff Walsrode Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for applying and impregnating fleece materials with viscous liquids
EP0267489A3 (en) * 1986-11-08 1989-11-02 Wolff Walsrode Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for coating and impregnating a nonprocess and apparatus for coating and impregnating a non-woven fabric with viscous liquids -woven fabric with viscous liquids
EP0559456A1 (en) 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 Viskase Corporation Cellulosic articles and their manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA941693A (en) 1974-02-12
DE1965130A1 (de) 1971-07-15
FI54039C (fi) 1978-10-10
DE1965130B2 (de) 1975-08-28
FI54039B (fi) 1978-06-30
BR7024913D0 (pt) 1973-01-09
FR2074277A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-01
SE356673B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-04
NL7018431A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-29
GB1336850A (en) 1973-11-14

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