US3708833A - Separable fastening device - Google Patents

Separable fastening device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3708833A
US3708833A US00124066A US3708833DA US3708833A US 3708833 A US3708833 A US 3708833A US 00124066 A US00124066 A US 00124066A US 3708833D A US3708833D A US 3708833DA US 3708833 A US3708833 A US 3708833A
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United States
Prior art keywords
separable
stem
spear
fastening device
protuberances
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00124066A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Ribich
C Kojabashian
L Girard
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American Velcro Inc
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American Velcro Inc
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Publication date
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
    • A44B18/0046—Fasteners made integrally of plastics
    • A44B18/0061—Male or hook elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/27—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener]
    • Y10T24/2775—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener] having opposed structure formed from distinct filaments of diverse shape to those mating therewith

Definitions

  • Patent 1 Ribich et a1.
  • ABSTRACT A separable fastening device having first and second' separable members wherein the first member has a surface of upstanding spear-like protuberances extending from one broad surface -of its base and the second member has a surface of complementary engaging elements.
  • the spear-like protuberances are characterized by the property that when the first and second separable fastener members are pressed into face-to-face relationship the spear-like protuberances on the first separable member penetrate the surface of the second separable member and engage the complementary engaging elements of the second separable member and resist separation parallel to the interfacial plane of engagement but are readily separable by peeling forces applied substantially normal to this interfacial plane.
  • the first separable member having a surface of spear-like protuberances has particular utility as part of a separable fastener having reticulated urethane foam as the second complementary member, however it also provides a superior fastening device when used with a second separable member having a surface of complementary engaging elements inloop form.
  • This invention relates to a separable fastening device and more particularly to a fastening device having complementary engaging surfaces which are releasably interengageable and resist separation parallel to the interfacial plane of engagement but are readily separable by peeling forces applied substantially normal to this plane.
  • This invention provides an improvement in such fasteners which includes a first member characterized by a plurality of spear-like protuberances extending from one surface thereof and a second member having a complementary engaging surface.
  • the second member may comprise an open cell foamed plastic member in which membranes have been removed from the foam structure to provide at least a partial skeletal structure of interconnected closed strands at the surface of the foam member for engagement with the spear-like protuberances upon placing the two members in face-to-face relationship.
  • Separable fasteners such as those described in US. Pat. Nos. 2,717,437 and 3,009,235 which are marketed under the registered trademark VELCRO brand hook and loop fasteners by Velcro Corporation, 681 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY. have gained wide acceptance because of the properties of the mating hooks and loops which permit their attachment by merely placing a surface defined by the hooks into face-to-face relationship with a surface defined by the loops so that a large number of hooks engage a large number of loops which resist separation parallel to the interfacial plane of engagement but are readily separable by peeling forces applied substantially normal to this interfacial plane.
  • These fastening devices are generally formed of a sheet of woven fabric having raised threads of synthetic material, such as nylon, which are napped or unnapped, to provide a pile surface defined by a plurality of loops, and which may be thermally treated to become semi-rigid. Certain of the loops may then be cut along one side near their outer extremity to form hooks.
  • synthetic material such as nylon
  • the invention relates to a separable fastening device having first and second separable members wherein the first member has a surface of upstanding engaging elements extending from one broad surface of its base and the second member has a surface of complementary engaging elements extending from one broad surface of its base which are releasably interengageable with the engaging elements of the first separable member when the members are pressed into face-to-face relationship.
  • the invention particularly relates to improvements in the first separable member wherein certain of the upstanding engaging elements comprise flexible spear-like protuberances, each having a stem supported at one end thereof on the base of the first separable member.
  • a flexible spear-like head On the unsupported end of the stem is a flexible spear-like head having at least two opposite radial extensions which slope from the end of said stem toward the surface of the base and extend away from said stem and are resiliently flexible in a plane parallel to the plane of said stem.
  • the spear-like protuberances are characterized by the property that when the first and second separable fastener members are pressed into face-to-face relationship the spear-like protuberances on the first separable member penetrate the surface of the second separable member and engage the complementary engaging elements of the second separable member and resist separation parallel to the interfacial plane of engagement but are readily separable by peeling forces applied substantially normal to this interfacial plane.
  • the invention is particularly compatible with foam as the secondary complementary member.
  • the second complementary member comprises reticulated urethane foam having a three dimensional partial skeletal structure of strands at the surface of the foam plastic member.
  • the invention can be used directly with end use products such as those used as filter media in air conditioning units and in other acoustical and hygienic filtering applications. These uses comprise important applications of the fastening device of the invention.
  • end use products such as those used as filter media in air conditioning units and in other acoustical and hygienic filtering applications.
  • These uses comprise important applications of the fastening device of the invention.
  • fastening device examples include attaching foam backed carpeting to the floor, the use of foam as gasket material, the attachment of foam protector mats or pads such as in athletic uses, the holding of foam-type insulation in place, and the attachment of foam sponges and the like to devices for washing cars, dishes and the like.
  • the fastener could also be used in fabricating foam products of different types where the spear-like protuberances can be used for interim holding of the foam during some treatment or operation on the foam.
  • spear-like protuberances have been found to replace the hooks in hook and loop 1 fasteners whereby a first member having on one surface a plurality of spear-like protuberances of the instant invention is pressed in face-to-face relationship with a second member having on one surface a plurality of loop elements.
  • the spear-like protuberances deeply penetrate the loops of the second surface and a large number of spear-like engaging elements engage onto a large number of loop elements to form a fastening device of superior holding power as contrasted to the fastening devices of the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an open cell foamed plastic member partially in face-to-face relationship with a surface of spear-like protuberances;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the spear-like protuberance of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the spear-like protuberance of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the spear-like protuberance of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the spear-like protuberance
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of the spear-like protuberance of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the spear-like protuberance of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary view of the attachment of a surface of spear-like protuberances to an open cell foamed plastic member taken substantially along lines 8-8 of FIG. 1, illustrating the use of both embodiments of the spear-like protuberances of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary view of the attachment of a surface of spear-like protuberances to a member having a complementary surface of loops, illustrating the use of both embodiments of the spearlike protuberances of the invention.
  • the spear-like protuberances of the instant invention which may be a plastic material for example, are shown clearly in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5. They are preferably affixed to a flexible base as for example, plastic.
  • the protuberances may be more flexible than the base to facilitate resilient interengagement and disengagement with the complementary engaging elements of the second separable member.
  • the protuberance 10 shown in FIG. 2 is comprised of a stem 12, preferably tapered as shown, having a head 14 at the unsupported end of the stem 12.
  • the head 14 utilizes a double eye" structure and is comprised of at least two ears or radial extensions 16 which preferably slope from the unsupported end of the stem 12 downward toward the base 32 of the first separable member.
  • the radial extensions 16 extend away from the stem 12 such that the free end represented by surface 17 of each extension 16 is in spaced relationship with the side surfaces of the stem.
  • the configuration of the radial extensions 16 as shown in FIGS. 2-4 and FIGS. 5-7 provide improved engaging capability of the spear-like protuberances with the complementary engaging elements of the second complementary surface of the fastening device.
  • the tapered stem 12 is preferably configured of five flat surfaces as shown, which define in cross-section a five sided polygon.
  • a rear surface 11 extends perpendicularly from the base 32 to the unsupported endmost portion of the protuberanceflTwo side surfaces 30 of the stem 12 which taper from the base 32 toward the head 14 extend longitudinally along each side of the stem and curve continuously and smoothly into and throughout each radial extension to define a rounded concave configuration 28 and continue to define the sloping lower surfaces 26 of the radial extensions 16.
  • the sloping lower surfaces 26 also are preferably configured to have an angled relationship with respect to the downward sloping upper surfaces 22 of the radial extensions 16.
  • the forward portion or face of the stem 12 is defined by two symmetrical and oppositely angled surfaces 13, which extend longitudinally along said forward portion and define the configuration of the face of the stem 12.
  • the surfaces 13 curve continuously and smoothly throughout each of said radial extensions 16 defining the forward or face surfaces 15 of each radial extension
  • the free ends of the radial extensions are configured as flat surfaces 17 which are preferably sloped toward the stem 12 and extend from the lower surface 26 to the upper surface 22 of the radial extensions 16. This facilitates maximum penetration of the protuberances into the complementary engaging surface of the second separable member.
  • a sharp pointed apex 18 is preferably provided at the top of the stem 12 to define a relatively pointed structure.
  • the sloping side surfaces 24 of the pointed apex 18 extend downward to join the sloping upper surfaces 22 of the radial extensions 16 at a smooth concave recess 20.
  • the concave recess 20 provides maximum resilient flexibility for the radial extensions 16 of the spear-like head 14.
  • a flat sloping surface 19 which improves the penetrating capability of the protuberance 10 by providing an improved sharp configuration for penetration of the apex 18, is also provided in the preferred configuration.
  • FIGS. 5-7 illustrate an alternate embodiment of the spear-like protuberance heretofore described with the exception of the apex 18 provided at the top of the protuberance shown in FIGS. 2-4.
  • the spear-like protuberance shown in FIG. 7 includes a concave recess 36 at the top of the stem 34 where the upper surfaces 38 of the radial extensions 40 join to form a smooth concave surface which provides maximum resilient flexibility for the radial extensions 40 of the spear-like head 42.
  • An application of the fastening device of the invention utilizes a tape which frames the air passageway of an air conditioning unit.
  • the tape comprises a base member having upstanding spear-like protuberances as in the manner disclosed herein.
  • a foamed plastic sheet which is to be used as the filter in the air conditioning unit is, in this embodiment, a sheet of controlled pore reticulated foam consisting of low I density urethanes and is characterized by a threedimensional skeletal structure of strands which can provide 97 percent or more of void space since it is substantially devoid of membranes; foam of this type is described in US. Pat. No. 3,17 l ,820 to Volz.
  • reticulated foams are preferred since they present the maximum number of strands at the surface of the foam sheet for engagement by the hooks
  • other open cell foams which might have a small percentage of membranes still intact but present a sufficient number of interconnected strands at the surface for engagement with the spear-like protuberances can also be used in the fastening device of the invention.
  • open cell foam which may be used as a filter media
  • open cell foam could itself be in the form of a tape member or could be laminated to other foams in open cell or any other member for specific fastening requirements.
  • first and second separable members wherein the first member has a surface of upstanding engaging elements extending from one broad surface of its base and the second member has a surface of complementary engaging ele-- ments extending from one broad surface of its base which are releasably interengageable with the engaging elements of the first separable member, the improvement inthe first separable member comprising certain of said upstanding engaging elements being flexible spear-like protuberances, each having:
  • a resilient stem supported at one end thereof on the base of the first separable member; a flexible spear-like head on the unsupported end of said stern, said head having at least two radial extensions which slope from the end of said stem toward the surface of the base and extend away from said stern and are resiliently flexible relative to said stem, a portion of each radial extension being of smaller thickness adjacent to said stem than a corresponding portion along said radial extension closer to the unsupportedend, said spearlike protuberances characterized by the property that when the first and second separable fastener members are pressed into face-to-face relationship the spear-like protuberances on the first separable member penetrate the surface of the second separable member and engage the complementary engaging elements of the second separable member and resist separation parallel to the interfacial plane of engagement but are readily separable due to the mechanical flexing cooperation of said radial extensions with said stem by peeling forces applied substantially normal to this interfacial plane in all directions relative to the lengthwise and widthwise dimensions of said se
  • Separable fastening device according to claim 1 wherein the configuration of said spear-like protuberances further comprises a concave recess at the unsupported endmost portion of said stem where the sloping upper surfaces of said radial extensions of said spearlike head join with the end of said stem, and a rounded concave configuration on theradial extensions where the sloping lower surfaces of said radial extensions joins with the side surfaces of said stem, said concave recess and configurations mechanically cooperating to facilitate resilient bending of said radial extensions relative to said stem in a plane parallel to the plane of said stern.
  • Separable fastening device according to claim 2 wherein said base material is flexible to facilitate peeling said first separable member from the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein said spear-like protuberances are more flexible than said base to facilitate repeated resilient in-' terengagement of said spear-like protuberances with the complementary engaging elements of the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein said first member comprises a molded plastic material.
  • each stem of said spear-like protuberances tapers from the base toward said head.
  • Separable fastening device according to claim 6 wherein the spear-like protuberances extend substantially perpendicular to the base of the first separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the second separable member has one surface defined by an open cell foamed plastic in which membranes have been removed to provide at least a partial skeletal structure of interconnected closed strands at the surface thereof, the separable members joined in face-to-face relationship with said spear-like protuberances on the first separable member extending into but not through the second separable member and a large number of spear-like protuberances releasably engaging onto a large number of strands at or near the surface of the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the foamed plastic is reticulated urethane foam having a three dimensional skeletal structure of strands.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the second separable member has a surface of complementary engaging elements in loop form.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the tapered stem of each spear-like protuberance is defined by five fiat surfaces defining in crosssection a five sided polygon said surfaces including:
  • each side of said stem tapering from the base toward said head and extending longitudinally along each side of said stem and curving continuously and smoothly into and throughout each of said radial extensions to define said rounded concave configuration and sloping lower surfaces of said radial extensions, said downward sloping lower surfaces further having an angled relationship with the downward sloping upper surfaces of said radial extensions;
  • Separable fastening device wherein the free end of each of said radial extensions is defined by a flat surface which slopes toward the endmost portion of said stem and extends from the lower sloping surface to the upper sloping surface of said radial extensions, said configuration facilitating improved penetration of said spear-like protuberances of said first separable member into the complementary engaging surface of the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device further including a sharp pointed apex at the top unsupported end of said stem of each protuberance, said apex facilitating improved penetration of the spear-like protuberances of the first separable member into the complementary engaging surface of the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the side surfaces defining said apex are configured to join with the downward sloping upper surfaces of the adjacent radial extensions of said spear-like head by a continuously curved configuration, the configuration also including a concave recess on each side of said apex to provide resilient bending flexibility to said radial extensions relative to each stem to permit resilient bending in a plane parallel to the plane of said stem.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the foamed plastic is reticulated urethane foam having a three dimensional skeletal structure of strands.
  • Separable fastening device according to claim 14 wherein the second separable member has a surface of complementary engaging elements in loop form.
  • each of said radial extensions is defined by a flat surface which slopes toward the endmost portion of said stem and extends from the lower sloping surface to the upper sloping surface of said radial extensions
  • the forward portion of said pointed apex is defined by a flat surface which slopes toward the rear of said spear-like protuberance and extends from the base of said apex to the tip, said configuration facilitating improved penetration of said spearlike protuberances of the first separable member into the complementary engaging surface of the second separable member.
  • each side of said stem tapering from the base toward said head and extending longitudinally along each side of said stem and curving continuously and smoothly into and throughout each of said radial extensions to define said rounded concave configuration and sloping lower surfaces of said radial extensions, said downward sloping lower surfaces further having an angled relationship with the downward sloping upper surfaces of said radial extensions;
  • Separable fastening device wherein the second separable member has at least one surface defined by an open cell foamed plastic in which membranes have been removed to provide at least a partial skeletal structure of interconnected strands at the surface thereof such that when the separable members are joined in face-to-face relationship the spearlike protuberances of the first separable member extend into but not through the second separable member and a large number of spear-like protuberances engage onto a large number of strands at or near the surface of the second separable member.
  • Separable fastening device wherein the foamed plastic is reticulated urethane foam having a three dimensional skeletal structure of strands.

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  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
US00124066A 1971-03-15 1971-03-15 Separable fastening device Expired - Lifetime US3708833A (en)

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US12406671A 1971-03-15 1971-03-15

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US3708833A true US3708833A (en) 1973-01-09

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US (1) US3708833A (ref)
JP (1) JPS5237414B1 (ref)
CA (1) CA953893A (ref)
DE (1) DE2212068C3 (ref)
FR (1) FR2129663A5 (ref)
GB (1) GB1389063A (ref)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1389063A (en) 1975-04-03
CA953893A (en) 1974-09-03
FR2129663A5 (ref) 1972-10-27
DE2212068A1 (de) 1972-11-16
DE2212068C3 (de) 1979-03-22
DE2212068B2 (de) 1978-07-20
JPS5237414B1 (ref) 1977-09-22

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