Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4933—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having sulfur as an exocyclic substituent, e.g. pyridinethione
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
  • A61K8/65—Collagen; Gelatin; Keratin; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/88—Polyamides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/90—Block copolymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
  • C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L75/02—Polyureas
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3726—Polyurethanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments
  • C11D3/42—Brightening agents ; Blueing agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
  • D06L4/664—Preparations of optical brighteners; Optical brighteners in aerosol form; Physical treatment of optical brighteners
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/42—Colour properties
  • A61K2800/43—Pigments; Dyes
  • A61K2800/434—Luminescent, Fluorescent; Optical brighteners; Photosensitizers

Definitions

• a washing-cycle fabric softener consisting essentially of a cationic quaternary ammonium fabric softener and an amino polyureylene resin wherein the weight ratio of softener to resin is from about 0.16:1 to about 4:1 for di-higher alkyl quaternary ammonium softeners and 05:1 to 2:1 for imidazoline softeners.
• Such compositions effectively soften textiles in the presence of anionic detergent compositions.
• Another aspect of the invention is detergent-softener compositions containing the washingcycle softener composition in combination with an anionic detergent and, optionally, a water-soluble builder salt. Also within the scope of the invention is a method of softening textiles.
• This invention is directed to fabric-softener compositions containing a quaternary ammonium softener material in combination with amino polyureylene (APU) resin and to detergent-softener compositions containing the aforementioned softener composition in combination with an anionic detergent and, optionally, a water-soluble builder salt.
• the invention is also directed to a process for simultaneously washing and softening fabrics and textiles by laundering in an aqueous medium containing .02.5% of a mixture of APU resin, softener and anionic detergent.
• the softener compositions are liquids which contain as the principal active component a quaternary ammonium softener compound.
• the quaternary ammonium softener compounds are positively charged and deposit readily on the negatively charged surface of textiles to form a lubricious surface on the textile which feels soft to the touch.
• the quaternary ammonium type fabric-softener compositions have been added to the rinse water during the rinsing cycle. Such addition during the rinse cycle has the disadvantage that the user must monitor the laundering operation to be certain that the softener is added at the proper time and must take special precautions to employ the proper amount to avoid excesses which frequently render the textiles water repellent.
• the fabric-softener compositions of this invention consist essentially of a cationic quaternary ammonium fabric softener and an APU resin having a molecular weight of about 300 to 100,000, the ratio of softener to resin being from about 0.16:1 to about 4:1 for dihigher alkyl quaternary ammonium softeners and from 0.5 :1 to about 2:1 for imidazolinium softeners.
• the cationic fabric softeners consist of at least one hydrophilic functional group bearing a negative charge and a hydrophobic group containing a quaternary ammonium atom which is positively charged.
• Suitable softeners include the di-higher alkyl quaternary ammonium softeners and the di-higher alkyl imidazolinium softeners.
• R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals each containing between about 12 and 22 carbon atoms and R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl radicals, lower hydroxy alkyl radicals and the hydroxy polyether radicals formed by the condensation of ethylene oxide, each radical containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of halogens, such as chloride, bromide, and iodide, methylsulfate and ethylsulfate.
• the higher alkyl radicals in the general formula are carbon chains which may be straight or branched and saturated or unsaturated.
• the carbon chains are obtained from long-chain fatty acids such as those derived from tallow, soybean oil or coconut oil.
• disoya, dicoco, and di-tallow, etc., as used above refer to the source from which the long-chain fatty alkyl chains are derived.
• Mixtures of the above as well as other quaternary ammonium surface active agents may also be used if desired.
• both R and R are alkyl groups containing about 16 to 20 carbon atoms and R and R are methyl groups.
• Suitable compounds include dilauryl-methyl-ethoxyethanol ammonium chloride; dimyristyl-methyl-ethoxyethanol ammonium methyl sulfate; distearyl di-hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride; and di arachidyl/behenyl dimethyl ammonium bromide.
• Still another class of useful fabric softeners include the imidazolines represented by the general formula wherein R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals each containing between about 12 and 22 carbon atoms, R; is a lower alkyl radical containing lto 4 carbon atoms, and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of halogens such as chloride, bromide, iodide, and methylsulfate, or ethylsulfate.
• the higher alkyl radicals in the general formula are carbon chains which may be straight or branched and saturated or unsaturated.
• both R and R are alkyl groups containing about 17 carbon atoms and R is a methyl group.
• Suitable compounds include 2-hexadecyl-1-methyl-1 (2-dodecoyl amido)etl1yl] imidazolinium methylsulfate,
• the amino polyureylene (APU) resins are employed in the softener compositions because of their ability to compatibilize the quaternary ammonium softener component GE -C CH 1;. HiCHCHQOH CH; 1;. l CHaCIlHCHICI O YisOorS,andnis2or3.
• suitable APU resins include both the polyureaand the polythiourea-containing compounds.
• Preferred APU resins have a repeating unit where Y is oxygen, n is 3, and X is selected from the group consisting of N-C alkyl and Generally, the number of repeating units in the resin will be suflicient to yield a polymer having a molecular weight in the range of about 300 to 100,000.
• Preferred APU resins have an average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 20,000; and a particularly preferred resin is the reaction product of equimolar quantities of N-methyl, bis (3-aminopropyl) amine and urea having a molecular weight of about 4,300.
• the molecular weight of the APU resins is based upon aqueous gel permeation chromatographic analysis. The separation is carried out in oxalic acid solution, adjusted to pH 3.5 on three Corning controlled-pore glass columns (nominal pore sizes 175, 125, and 75 A.) in series. Detection is by differential refractometer. Reference compounds are dextran polysaccharides of molecular weights of 150,- 000, 110,000, 40,000, 20,000, and 10,000 and sucrose and galactose.
• the APU resins which can be used in the compositions of this invention are prepared by reacting, for example, 145 grams of N-methyl-bis(S-aminopropyl) amine (1.0 mole) and 60 grams of urea (1.0 mole) in a 3-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, mechanical stirrer, condenser, and nitrogen sparge tube. Nitrogen is bubbled slowly through the solution throughout the course of the reaction. The solution is heated to 140 C. over a 20-minute interval where ammonia begins to evolve. The solution is further heated to 250 C. over a 30 minute interval and allowed to cool. The product is a hard, resinous powder (Resin A) having a molecular weight of about 4300.
• the secondary amine analogues can be made by the above process if bis(3-aminopropyl) amine or bis(2-aminoethyl) amine are reacted with urea or thiourea.
• the piperazine analogues are made by reacting N,N'-di(3-aminopropyl) piperazine or N,N'-di(2-aminoethyl) piperazine with urea or thiourea.
• N-C to C alkyl analogues are prepared by reacting N-C to C alkyl-bis(3-aminopropyl) amine or N-C to C alkyl-bis (2-aminoethyl) amine with urea or thiourea. Additional analogues are prepared by the following reactions:
• the weight ratio of cationic softening material to APU resin is important factor herein. Generally the ratio ranges from 0.16:1 to 4:1, preferably from 0.3:1 to about 3:1 when di-higher alkyl quarternary softeners are used. When imidazolinium softeners are used, satisfactory softener to resin ratios range from 0.5:1 to about 2:1, preferably 1:1 to about 1.5:1.
• Another important factor herein is the weight of cationic softening material added to the washer.
• a minimum weight of about 2.5 grams is needed to achieve a high level of softening performance, especially when the weight of laundry is in the range of 6-12 lbs. and the laundering bath contains l720 gallons of water.
• wash-cycle softener compositions containing a quaternary softener in combination with the APU resin may be in the form of a liquid or a powder.
• such compositions contain about 3 to 20% by weight of quarternary softeners and about 3 to 20% by weight of resin.
• the balance of liquid softener compositions will generally be an aqueous solvent.
• the aqueous solvent may be water or mixtures of water with a lower monoor dihydroxy alcohol containing from two to three carbon atoms.
• the concentration of alcohol is dependent upon the physical characteristics desired in the liquid composition and generally ranges from 2 to 60, preferably 4 to 40%, by weight.
• Such compositions are prepared by adding the resin and softener ingredients to the aqueous solvent.
• powdered softener compositions the balance of the compositions will be a substantially dry particulate material.
• suitable materials include fillers, such as starch or magnesium silicate and water-soluble inorganic or organic detergent builder salts, such as sodium or potassium sulphate, carbonate, phosphate, nitrolotriacetate, borate or mixtures thereof.
• the powdered compositions may be prepared by admixing the resin and softener ingredients in either powder or liquid form with the particulate filler or inorganic builder.
• the softener compositions, whether liquid or powder may be used on a variety of fabrics, such as cotton, polyester, nylon, acrylic, and other materials, including blends of the foregoing.
• compositions can include coloring agents, perfumes, optical dyes, bluing agents, and ethoxylated nonionic detergent as dispersing agents or emulsifiers.
• Thickening agents such as polyvinyl alcohol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose may also be included. The amount of each such added material may range from 0.1% to by weight.
• Example 1 A particularly satisfactory liquid fabric softener composition is set forth in Example 1.
• the foregoing softener composition is prepared by dispersing the quarternary ammonium softener material (an aqueous paste containing 75% of quarternary salt, 5% isopropariol and 20% water) in hot water containing the blue color. A 40.2% aqueous solution of Resin A is added to the mixture with agitation, and a pourable, homogeneous, translucent liquid is obtained. The ratio of softener to resin is 0.9:1.
• the softness of the towel subjected to the foregoing test is reported in terms of values from 1 to based on a tactile rating by an experienced individual.
• a value of l is assigned to a control towel which is subjected to the foregoing test in the absence of a softener composition; whereas, a value of 10 is assigned to the towel treated with softener composition A.
• the softness scale follows:
• Whiteness values are determined with a Gardner color difference meter, model No. AC-1, purchased from Gardner Laboratories Inc. at Bethesda, Md., using the +b.scale as a measure of the yellow chromaticity. However, higher +b values or whiteness numbers indicate a high amount of yellowness and poor results; whereas low +b values or whiteness numbers denote less yellowness or greater whiteness and excellent results. A difference of 0.5 +b unit in the test represents a difference that is visible to the eye.
• a commercial product which contains about 18% of sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance inorganic builder salts.
• a commercial product which contains 10% of sodium alkyl tridecyl benzene sulionate, 2% sodium 012-018 soap, 2% nonionic detergent and. the balance inorganic builder salts.
• a commercial product which contains about 7% of sodium dodecylbenzene sultonate, about 9% of sodium tallow alcohol sulfate, about 1% nonionic detergent, and the balance inorganic builder salts.
• a commercial product which contains about 3% sodium dodecylbenzene suiionate, about 3% sodium tallow alcohol sulfate, 1.5% sodium soap, 2% nonionic detergent, and the balance inorganic builder salts.
• the tabulation clearly shows. that the softener composition containing the quaternary softener-resin mixture effectively softens in the presence of commercial detergentcontaining laundry compositions having water-soluble anionic, organic detergents as the principal detergent ingredient without adversely aifecting whiteness.
• use of a similar amount of softener, but no resin, in combination with Detergent D results in a softness rating of 2.
• Example 2 Another suitable liquid softener composition is set forth in Example 2.
• EXAMPLE 2 Percent by wt. Dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium chloride 7.5 Resin A 12.1 Isopropyl alcohol 5.3 Acid Blue #80, 1% solution 1.4 Water Balance
• the foregoing composition is a readily pourable, homogeneous, translucent liquid wherein the ratio of softener to resin is 0.6: l. Softening results similar to those shown in Table I of Example 1 are obtained when 60 gm. are added to the washer with commercial detergents.
• Example 3 A satisfactory powdered softener composition is illustrated in Example 3.
• EXAMPLE 3 Percent by wt. Dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium chloride 6 Resin A 8 Water 13.6 Isopropanol 0.4 Pentasodium tripolyphosphate 72.0
• Resin A (grains):
• EXAMPLE 7 When the One-Towel Test is repeated using Detergent D of Table I and a softener composition consisting of 4 grams of the imidazolinium softener of Example 6 in combination with 8 grams of Resin A, the softness of the laundered towel is rated 10.
• EXAMPLE 8 When the One-Towel Test is repeated using Detergent C of Table I and softener compositions consisting of 3.8 grams of the imidazolinium softener of Example 6 in corn- 8 bination with 3.8 grams and 7.4 grams of Resin A respectively, the softness of the laundered towels is 7 and 6 respectively.
• softener compositions containing a quaternary ammonium softener in combination with an APU resin are effective when used in the wash cycle in conjunction with a watersoluble anionic organic detergent having a hydrophobic group containing an alkyl group of 8 to 26 carbon atoms and at least one hydrophilic solubilizing radical selected from the group consisting of sulfate, sulfonate and carboxylate.
• a watersoluble anionic organic detergent having a hydrophobic group containing an alkyl group of 8 to 26 carbon atoms and at least one hydrophilic solubilizing radical selected from the group consisting of sulfate, sulfonate and carboxylate.
• Anionic detergents containing more than one such water-solubilizing group in the molecule may be used or required when inorganic phosphate builder salts are not a component of the laundering composition.
• anionic detergents are usually in the form of a water-soluble salt, and the salt-forming ion is generally selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, and alkylol (mono, di, and tri-ethanol) ammonium salts.
• the most common salts are sodium and potassium.
• anionic detergents within the scope of the anionic detergent class include the water-soluble salts, e.g., the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and alkylolammonium salts, of higher fatty acids containing about 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Suitable fatty acids can be obtained from oils and waxes of animal or vegetable origin, e.g., tallow, grease, coconut oil, tall oil and mixtures thereof.
• Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of the fatty acid mixtures derived from coconut oil and tallow, e.g., sodium coconut soap and potassium tallow soap.
• the anionic class of detergents also includes the watersoluble sulfated and sulfonated synthetic detergents having an alkyl radical of 8 to 26, and preferably about 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in their molecular structure. (The term alkyl includes the alkyl portion of the higher acyl radicals.)
• the sulfonated anionic detergents are the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates containing from to 16 carbon atoms in the higher alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, e.g., the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, higher alkyl toluene sulfonates, higher alkyl phenol sulfonates, and higher naphthalene sulfonates.
• the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates containing from to 16 carbon atoms in the higher alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, e.g., the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, higher alkyl toluene sul
• a preferred sulfonate is linear alkyl benzene sulfonate having a high content of 3- (or higher) phenyl isomers and a correspondingly low content (Well below 50%) of 2- (or lower) phenyl isomers, i.e., wherein the benzene ring is preferably attached in large part at the 3 or higher (e.g., 4, 5, 6 or 7) position of the alkyl group and the content of isomers in which the benzene ring is attached at the 2 or 1 position is correspondingly low.
• Particularly preferred materials are set forth in US. Pat. 3,320,174.
• Suitable anionic detergents are the olefin sulfonates, including long-chain alkene sulfonates, long-chain hydroxyalkane sulfonates or mixtures of alkene-sulfomates and hydroxyalkane-sulfonates. These olefin sulfonate detergents may be prepared in a known manner by the,
• sulfate or sulfonate detergents are paraflin sulfonates containing about 10-20, preferably about -20, carbon atoms, e.g., the primary paraffin sulfonates made by reacting long-chain alpha olefins and bisulfites and paralfin sulfonates having the sulfonate groups distributed along the paratfin chain as shown in US. Pats. 2,503,280; 2,507,088; 3,260,741; 3,372,188 and German Pat.
• the suitable anionic detergents include also the C -C acyl sarcosinates (e.g. sodium lauroyl sarcosinate), sodium and potassium salts of the reaction product of higher fatty acids containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule esterified with isethionic acid, and sodium and potassium salts of the Cg-Cm acyl N-methyl taurides, e.g., sodium cocoyl methyl taurate and potassium stearoyl methyl taurate.
• C -C acyl sarcosinates e.g. sodium lauroyl sarcosinate
• sodium and potassium salts of the reaction product of higher fatty acids containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the molecule esterified with isethionic acid e.g., sodium cocoyl methyl taurate and potassium stearoyl methyl taurate.
• the laundering compositions containing the foregoing anionic detergents may or may not include water-soluble builder salts.
• Such builders are Well known to those skilled in the art and can be either organic or inorganic in character.
• Laundering compositions containing anionic detergents and builder salts may be prepared in a known manner-by spray drying an aqueous mixture thereof or by dry blending the two components in particulate form-to form a granular laundering composition comprising about 5% to 40%, preferably 8% to by weight of anionic detergent and about 60% to 90% by weight of builder salt.
• suitable inorganic builder salts are the 'soduim and potassium phosphates, sulfates, carbonates, borates and silicates.
• Suitable phosphates include the sodium or potassium tripolyphosphates, hexametaphosphates, pyrophosphate's, and orthophosphates.
• Suitable organic builder salts include the trisodiurn salt of nitrilotriacetic acid and the di, tri, and tetrasodium salts of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, and sodium citrate.
• the builder component will comprise a mixture of inorganic builder salts and/or organic builder salts.
• Detergent-softener compositions may be prepared by including the qauternary ammonium softener and the APU resin as components in the laundering compositions containing the water-soluble anionic detergent ingredient and, optionally, a detergent builder ingredient.
• the mole ratio of quaternary softener to anionic detergent should not be less than about .12 to 1.
• the general weight proportions of the ingredients will be in the range of 2% to 10% of quaternary ammonium softener, 2% to 16% APU resin, 5% to 35% of water-soluble anionic organic detergent, and about 50% to of detergent builder salt.
• detergent-softener compositions may be prepared by conventional heat drying or blending techniques known to those skilled in the art.
• Suitable detergent-softener compositions in particulate form are set forth in Examples 9-12.
• a wash-cycle fabric softener suitable for use simultaneously with anionic detergent-containing laundering compositions consisting essentially of a cationic quaternary fabric softener selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium softeners having the general wherein R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals of 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R is C -C alkyl and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide,
• X is NH, N-C to C alkyl
• HnCHCHaCl Y is O or S, and n is 2 or 3, and a molecular weight in the range of about 300 to 100,000, the weight ratio of said softener to said resin being from about .16:1 to about 4:1 for said quaternary ammonium softeners and about 0.5 :1 to about 2:1 for said imidazolinium softeners.
• a softener composition according to claim 1 wherein the amount of said softener is about 3% to 20% by weight, the amount of said resin is about 3% to 20% by weight, and the balance is an aqueous solvent containing 2% to 60% by weight of a C -C monoor dihydroxy alcohol.
• a fabric softener according to claim 1 wherein the repeating unit of said resin is f( a)a a) H2)a )NHl 6.
• a softener according to claim 5 wherein said resin has an average molecular weight in the range of from 1,000 to 20,000.
• a detergent-softener composition consisting essentially of a cationic quaternary ammonium softener selected from the group consisting of quaternary softeners having the general formula wherein R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals of 12 to 22 carbon atoms and R and 'R are each selected from the group consisting of C -C alkyl, C -C hydroxyalkyl and ethoxyethanol and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, methylsulfate, and ethylsulfate, and imidazolinium softeners having the general formula wherein R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals of 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R is C -C alkyl and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, methylsulfate and ethylsulfate; an aminopolyureylene resin having the following repeating unit:
• Y is O or S and n is 2 or 3, and a molecular weight in the range of about 300 to 100,000; and a water-soluble, anionic, organic detergent salt having a hydrophobic group containing an alkyl group of 8 to 26 carbon atoms in its molecular structure and at least one hydrophilic solubilizing radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, sulfate, and carboxylate, the weight ratio of said softener to said resin being from about .16:1 to about 4:1 for the quaternary ammonium softeners and 0.5:1 to about 2:1 for the imidazolinium softeners and the mole ratio of said softener to said anionic detergent being greater than about .l2:1.
• a detergent-softener composition according to claim 8 which contains in addition about 50% to by weight of a detergent builder salt.
• a detergent-softener composition according to claim 9 which consists essentially of (a) 2% to 10% by weight of said softener;
• a water-soluble detergent builder salt selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium salts of nitrilotriacetate, citrate, sulfate, silicate, phosphate, carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
• a process for simultaneously washing and softening fabrics which comprises laundering said fabrics in an aqueous medium containing 0.02% to 0.5% by weight of a mixture consisting essentially of a cationic quaternary ammonium fabric softener selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium softeners having the general formula 0 RI CHzCHgNH -Br where R and R are higher alkyl or alkenyl radicals of 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R is C -C alkyl and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, methylsulfate and ethylsulfate; an aminopolyureylene resin having the following repeating unit:
• N+(CHa)(CHzZHCHnCl) Y is O or S and n is 2 or 3, and a molecular weight in the range of about 300 to 100,000; and a water-soluble, anionic, organic detergent salt having a hydrophobic group containing an alkyl group of 8 to 26 carbon atoms in its molecular structure and at least one hydrophilic solubilizing radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, sulfate, and carboxylate, the weight ratio of said softener to said resin being from about .16:1 to about 4:1 for the quaternary ammonium softeners and 0.5 :1 to about 2:1 for the imidazoliniurn softeners and the mole ratio of said softener to said anionic detergent being greater than about 0.12:1.

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• 1970
  • 1970-11-16 US US90133A patent/US3703480A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-11-16 US US00090154A patent/US3726815A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1971
  • 1971-10-19 CA CA125,548A patent/CA970909A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-10-25 GB GB4937671A patent/GB1357960A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-11-06 DE DE19712155224 patent/DE2155224A1/de active Pending
  • 1971-11-10 BE BE775158A patent/BE775158A/xx unknown
  • 1971-11-12 AT AT976571A patent/AT322708B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-11-12 CA CA127,541A patent/CA955390A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-11-15 SE SE7114616A patent/SE401608B/xx unknown
  • 1971-11-16 NL NL7115801A patent/NL7115801A/xx unknown
  • 1971-11-16 FR FR7140963A patent/FR2114751A5/fr not_active Expired
• 1972
  • 1972-11-22 US US00308885A patent/US3832310A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1972-11-22 US US308884A patent/US3875071A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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