US3703085A - Sheet pile section - Google Patents

Sheet pile section Download PDF

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Publication number
US3703085A
US3703085A US119287A US3703085DA US3703085A US 3703085 A US3703085 A US 3703085A US 119287 A US119287 A US 119287A US 3703085D A US3703085D A US 3703085DA US 3703085 A US3703085 A US 3703085A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
sheet
sheet pile
flange
section
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US119287A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Wogerbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
Voest AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3703085A publication Critical patent/US3703085A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sheet pile section for erecting partly or continuously double-walled sheet piles March 4, I970 Austria ..2002 comprising a web and two flanges welded to Said web and projecting on either side of said web, each flange- [52] us. Cl .mlso, 6H6] end being designed as one half of a connecting lock [51] Int. Cl.
  • the invention relates to a sheet pile section for erecting partly or continuously double-walled sheet piles comprising a web and two flanges, each flange welded with said web to project on either side thereof, each flange-end being designed as one half of a connecting lock for interlocking with an adjacent section.
  • Sheet piles have been used for a long time in water engineering for building bank protecting structures and in engineering below ground for damming trenches; recently it has been begun to use sheet piles to an increasing degree also for traffic structures, such as deep streets, subway crossings, walls in underground galleries and the like. For higher stresses either partly or continuously double-walled sheet piles are used which are also called mixed sheet piles or box-type sheet piles.
  • the individual sheet pile sections forming the sheet pile may be connected at their flange-ends by insert connections, so-called connecting locks, which are formed either exclusively by the flange-ends or comprise a separately produced part, a so-called lock steel.
  • the flange ends may be designed to be hook-shaped in which case the flange-ends of neighboring sheet piles may engage with each other, or a flange-end may be provided with a dove-tail-shaped groove into which a ridged flange-end of an adjacent section may be inserted.
  • Such connecting locks which are formed by the flange-ends are used for connecting sheet pile sections with two flange-ends, such as C- or Z-sections, from which single-walled sheet piles are produced.
  • double-walled sheet piles have to be made of sections comprising a web and two flanges projecting on both sides of the web, such as lor H-sections.
  • lor H-sections For production-technological reasons it had been possible so far only to connect such sections with four flange-ends by means of separately produced, 1- or H-shaped lock steels with dovetail-shaped grooves into which grooves the flange-ends of neighboring sheet pile sections may be inserted.
  • Connecting locks with separate lock steels have severe disadvantages as compared to connecting locks which are exclusively formed out of the flange-ends of 5 the sheet pile sections.
  • the number of the plug-in connections to be formed is doubled owing to the additional use of the separate lock steels.
  • the compactness of the sheet pile is impaired by the greater number of plug-in connections.
  • the greater expenditure for manufacturing the lock steels and the erection of the sheet pile is not compensated by any advantages.
  • Sheet pile sections comprising a web and two flanges projecting on both sides of the web, such as lor H-sections, so far have been produced in one piece by hot rolling.
  • lor H-sections Sheet pile sections comprising a web and two flanges projecting on both sides of the web, such as lor H-sections.
  • sheet pile sections During piling, sheet pile sections have to be capable of absorbing great axial forces and when used as a bank border, great bending moments. Furthermore they should be designed for high resistance moments with respect to their weight. This aim can be achieved only when the height of the web is chosen as great as possible while the wall thickness of the web is reduced to the greatest permissible degree.
  • the sections are produced by hot rolling there are technological limits to increasing the height and reducing the wall thickness of the web, as has been pointed out before. Thus, it is neither economically feasible nor technologi' cally permissible to hot roll 1- or H-sections with great web heights, i.e. such of more than 700 mm, in one piece.
  • the invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages and difficulties and, in a sheet pile section for erecting partly or continuously double-walled sheet piles, comprising a web and two flanges each connected with said web to project on either side thereof, each flange end being designed as one half of a connecting lock for interlocking with an adjacent section, resides in that the flanges are provided with the same wall thickness over their total extension and with hookshaped ends formed by cold roll bending and bent back towards the web.
  • the lock halves are formed on flanges having, in longitudinal direction of the section, a corrugation which faces the web with its convex side and forms the welding seam with the web.
  • the flanges and, if desired, the web may be profiled to be fluted. Furthermore it is possible that the flange ends lying opposite to each other relative to the web plane are bent back in different directions.
  • the web may be eccentrically connected to the flanges so that, with respect to the web plane, an asymmetrical section is formed which is, for example, similar to the form of a C or Z, one lock half of a flange being close to the web and the other remote from the web.
  • an asymmetrical section is formed which is, for example, similar to the form of a C or Z, one lock half of a flange being close to the web and the other remote from the web.
  • a gap is provided, the width of which corresponds at least to the thickness of the flange and maximally to the length of the bent-in hook end.
  • Such asymmetrically formed sheet pile sections may more easily be plugged together and piled into the ground. When the sheet pile is erected the two lock halves remote from the web are interlocked with the two lock halves close to the web.
  • a suitable method for producing the sheet pile sections according to the invention is characterized in that out of three strips a web sheet and two flange sheets with bent-in ends are formed by cold shaping, whereupon the formed presections are simultaneously and continuously connected by two longitudinal seams applied between the ends of the web sheet and the faces of the flange sheets to obtain the finished sheet pile sec- IIOI'I.
  • a sheet pile part comprising at least one sheet pile section according to the invention
  • the sheet pile section may be plugged together with two sheet pile planks of known construction to form a triple section and fixed, if desired, by tack welding seams.
  • FIGS. 1 to 12 show various sheet pile sections in cross section;
  • FIGS. 13 to 20 illustrate sheet pile parts incorporating sheet pile sections according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an I-shaped sheet pile section 1 comprising four flange ends 3 which are bent inwardly, i.e. towards the web 2, to be hook-shaped, each of these hook-shaped bent-in flange ends forming a lock half and serving for receiving a correspondingly formed lock half 3', drawn in dashes, of a neighboring sheet pile section 4.
  • the margin of a bent-in flange end 3 lies at such a distance from the web 2 that an interlocking effect is achieved when the lock halves 3, 3' are caught in engagement with each other.
  • FIG. 2 shows an I-shaped sheet pile section 6, the flange ends 3 of which are bent in like manner as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the flanges are provided with a corrugation 7 extending in longitudinal direction of the section, i.e. the flanges with the bent-in ends have an about hat-shaped profile, the corrugation being turned towards the web 2 with its convex side and forming with the web the welding seam 8.
  • the interlocking effect relative to the lock half 3' of a neighboring section 4 is not achieved by a web part but by a wall of the corrugation 7.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an H-shaped sheet pile section 9 which differs from the l-shaped section according to FIG. 2 only by flanges which were broadened by the measure a but is otherwise identical with the section of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 depicts an I-shaped sheet pile section 11, in which the flange ends are bent outwardly to be hook-shaped, in contrast to the flange ends of FIG. 1.
  • the lock half 3' has to be cranked, as indicated at 12.
  • FIG. 5 shows an H-shaped sheet pile section 13, similar to that according to FIG. 4, but the flange parts 10 are broadened. This section too necessitates lock halves 3' with deflections.
  • FIG. 6 an I-I-shaped sheet pile section 14 is illustrated, similar to that shown in FIG. 5, but its flanges are profiled with grooves.
  • the grooves are denoted with numeral 15. They are produced by cold shaping of the sheet and effect a strainhardening and reinforcement in longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 6a an H-shaped sheet pile section 14a is illustrated, similar to that shown in FIG. 6 except the web is fluted as well as the flanges.
  • FIG. 7 shows an H-shaped sheet pile section 16, the flanges 10 of which are asymmetrical relative to the yaxis. They are provided with an inwardly bent-in flange end 3 and an outwardly bent flange end 3a forming lock halves for connection with a neighboring section. The flange parts with lock halves bent outwardly are provided with deflections 12.
  • a further feature of the sheet pile section according to FIG. 7 resides in that, in the center of the flange, groove-shaped corrugations 7 are provided which form the welding seam together with the web.
  • a further groove 17 is provided in the flange part with the inwardly bent lock half 3.
  • the lock halves of the sheet pile section are formed in a manner that into the outwardly directed lock halves 3a of the section the inwardly directed lock halves 3' of an identical section 16' may be introduced, so that the erection of continuously double-walled sheet piles of only one type of sheet pile section is possible.
  • FIG. 8 shows a sheet pile section 18 of approximately C-shaped crosssection, each flange being provided with an inwardly bent end 3 and an outwardly bent end 30.
  • the inwardly directed lock half 3 is arranged close to the web, a gap 19 remaining between the bent-in margin and the web 2, the width of said gap corresponding to at least the thickness of the flange and maximally to the length of the bent-in hook end.
  • the outwardly directed lock halves 3a are arranged at a greater distance from the web 2, so as to provide the flange 10' with a certain resilience.
  • FIG. 9 a sheet pile section 20 of approximately Z- shaped cross-section is illustrated whose flanges are designed in the same way as those of the sheet pile section according to FIG. 8, i.e. it possesses lock halves 3a which are remote from the web and outwardly directed and lock halves 3 which are close to the web and inwardly directed.
  • the sheet pile section according to FIG. 9 is asymmetrical with regard to the x-axis but centrally symmetrical with regard to the point Z.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a possibility for the formation of special sections 21 comprising lock halves 3 which are inwardly directed and close to the web and lock halves 3b which are directed upwardly and downwardly, respectively, i.e. in the direction of the web height.
  • a special section 21 serves in connection with adjoining sections 4, 4' and 18 for producing T-shaped branches in a box-type sheet pile.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show on an enlarged scale how the lock halves of two neighboring sheet pile sections are interlocking with each other, the distance between the margin 5 of the flange end 3 and the web 2 being somewhat greater than the flange thickness, but somewhat smaller than the bent-in part 3' of the adjacent section.
  • FIGS. 13 to 20 show as examples how, by combinations of various sheet pile sections, sheet pile forms may be obtained which meet the different requirements.
  • FIG. 13 shows a sectional view of a triple section comprising an I-shaped sheet pile section 1 and two hat-shaped sheet planks 4.
  • the three mentioned component sections are suitably connected with each other e.g. by means of welding seams S.
  • FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a double section comprising two sheet pile sections 22 resembling a C-shape.
  • Double sections may, for example, also be composed of two H-sections 16 or sections 20 similar to Z-shape.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 show sheet pile parts erected from Hshaped sheet pile sections 23 and from sheet pile sec tions shown in FIG. 9, respectively.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates part of a sheet pile set together from sheet pile sections 1 and planks 4.
  • FIG. 18 shows a part of a sheet pile formed from sheet pile sections 1 and 22 and the planks 4.
  • FIG. 19 shows a sheet pile part which is made exclusively from the sheet pile sections 1 and planks 24 with inwardly and outwardly bent flange ends.
  • FIG. 20 shows part of a sheet pile which is formed from the planks 24 and H-shaped sheet pile sections 25.
  • Sheet piles made of the lor I-I-shaped sheet pile sections according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and hat-shaped planks of known kind are particularly advantageous. Furthermore it is of special advantage to erect box-type sheet piles from the sheet pile sections according to FIG. 8. Owing to the fact that the web height may be greatly varied and increased, box-type sheet piles having resistance moments of more than 20 000 cm may be erected so that new application fields for sheet piles are opened up.
  • a sheet pile section for erecting sheet piles which are at least in part double-walled, comprising a web sheet formed by cold rolling and two flanges, each flange welded to an end of the web sheet to project on either side thereof and having flange ends each designed as one half of a connecting lock for interlocking with an adjacent section, the flanges having the same sheet thickness over their total extension and being provided with hook-shaped ends which are formed by cold roll bending and are bent back towards the web.
  • each flange has in longitudinal direction thereof a corrugation, the corrugation facing the web with its convex side and the web sheet being welded to the flanges along the corrugation.
  • a sheet pile part having a double wall comprising at least one sheet pile section including a web and two flanges of uniform sheet thickness, each flange welded to and projecting from either side of said web and provided with hook-shaped, bent back ends, and two sheet pile planks, each sheet plank provided with hookshaped bent ends, each of the ends of the flanges on one side of the web being hooked with the end of a sheet plank to form a double-walled pile part.
  • a sheet pile section for erecting sheet piles which are at least in part double-walled comprising a web and two flanges, each flange welded to said web to project on either side thereof and having flange ends each designed as one half of a connecting lock for interlocking with an adjacent section, the flanges having the same sheet thickness over their total extension and being provided with hook-shaped ends which are formed by cold roll bending and bent back towards the web, the flange ends lying opposite to each other relative to the web plane and bent back in different directions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
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US119287A 1970-03-04 1971-02-26 Sheet pile section Expired - Lifetime US3703085A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT200270 1970-03-04

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US3703085A true US3703085A (en) 1972-11-21

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US (1) US3703085A (de)
JP (1) JPS5020761B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2108424A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2083998A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1343203A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5060454A (de) * 1973-10-01 1975-05-24
JPS53157506U (de) * 1977-05-16 1978-12-11
US5911546A (en) * 1989-03-03 1999-06-15 University Of Waterloo In-ground barrier
US6443664B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2002-09-03 Corus Uk Limited Metal sheet piling
US20040118827A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2004-06-24 Sivakumar Ramasamy Weld bracket
US20060228574A1 (en) * 2003-08-25 2006-10-12 Wolfgang Dettmer Double t-shaped steel bulkhead profile
US20060283139A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-21 Georg Wall Double-T-beam for construction of combination sheet pile walls
WO2016141246A3 (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-10-27 Stark N Daniel W Pile for tower foundation
CN107675713A (zh) * 2017-10-26 2018-02-09 中交二航局第三工程有限公司 基坑支护拉森钢板桩系统及施工方法
US10995467B2 (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-05-04 J.D. Fields & Company, Inc. Combined wall piling system
US11280091B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2022-03-22 Trilogy Structural, Llc Structural joists and methods to manufacture the same

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3205568C1 (de) * 1982-01-21 1983-08-11 Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg Spundwandbohlen und aus diesen zusammengesetzte Spundwaende
JPS6065826A (ja) * 1983-09-22 1985-04-15 Asuku Kenkyusho:Kk 山留壁用の鋼材及び山留壁の構築方法
BE1004338A3 (fr) * 1991-01-15 1992-11-03 Arbed Procede de fabrication d'elements de parois metalliques constituees de palplanches et/ou poutrelles, elements realises par ce procede et parois constituees de ces elements.
GB9110199D0 (en) * 1991-05-10 1991-07-03 Starr Robert C In-ground barrier
AU8549798A (en) 1997-08-29 1999-03-22 British Steel Limited Steel sheet piling structures
GB9917786D0 (en) * 1999-07-30 1999-09-29 Horsfall Alan P Piling element
CN106284297A (zh) * 2016-10-13 2017-01-04 周峰 一种新型复合式钢板桩

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US932230A (en) * 1909-06-04 1909-08-24 George Zister Sheet-piling.
US1068178A (en) * 1912-10-14 1913-07-22 Frank W Skinner Interlocking sheeting.
GB124709A (en) * 1918-03-25 1919-06-19 Ettore Caretta Improvements in or relating to Girders.
US1498444A (en) * 1923-08-07 1924-06-17 Garratt Ernest Albert Metal sheet piling
DE627740C (de) * 1932-09-06 1936-03-21 Deutscher Stahllamellenbau Hof Metallplatte zum Grubenausbau
US2099542A (en) * 1936-01-31 1937-11-16 Stevens Edwin Fenton Interlocking steel sheet piling
FR953577A (fr) * 1946-10-04 1949-12-08 Degerfors Jarnverks Aktiebolag Perfectionnements à la construction de poutres métalliques soudées
FR1460431A (fr) * 1965-12-20 1966-11-25 Mabey & Johnson Ltd Palplanche

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US932230A (en) * 1909-06-04 1909-08-24 George Zister Sheet-piling.
US1068178A (en) * 1912-10-14 1913-07-22 Frank W Skinner Interlocking sheeting.
GB124709A (en) * 1918-03-25 1919-06-19 Ettore Caretta Improvements in or relating to Girders.
US1498444A (en) * 1923-08-07 1924-06-17 Garratt Ernest Albert Metal sheet piling
DE627740C (de) * 1932-09-06 1936-03-21 Deutscher Stahllamellenbau Hof Metallplatte zum Grubenausbau
US2099542A (en) * 1936-01-31 1937-11-16 Stevens Edwin Fenton Interlocking steel sheet piling
FR953577A (fr) * 1946-10-04 1949-12-08 Degerfors Jarnverks Aktiebolag Perfectionnements à la construction de poutres métalliques soudées
FR1460431A (fr) * 1965-12-20 1966-11-25 Mabey & Johnson Ltd Palplanche

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5060454A (de) * 1973-10-01 1975-05-24
JPS53157506U (de) * 1977-05-16 1978-12-11
US5911546A (en) * 1989-03-03 1999-06-15 University Of Waterloo In-ground barrier
US5957625A (en) * 1989-03-03 1999-09-28 University Of Waterloo In-ground barrier
US6443664B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2002-09-03 Corus Uk Limited Metal sheet piling
US20040118827A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2004-06-24 Sivakumar Ramasamy Weld bracket
US20060228574A1 (en) * 2003-08-25 2006-10-12 Wolfgang Dettmer Double t-shaped steel bulkhead profile
US7500808B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2009-03-10 Peiner Träger GmbH Double T-shaped steel sheet piling profile
US20060283139A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-21 Georg Wall Double-T-beam for construction of combination sheet pile walls
WO2016141246A3 (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-10-27 Stark N Daniel W Pile for tower foundation
US11280091B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2022-03-22 Trilogy Structural, Llc Structural joists and methods to manufacture the same
US20220282485A1 (en) * 2016-05-20 2022-09-08 Trilogy Structural, Llc Structural joists and methods to manufacture the same
US12084860B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2024-09-10 Trilogy Structural, Llc Structural joists and methods to manufacture the same
CN107675713A (zh) * 2017-10-26 2018-02-09 中交二航局第三工程有限公司 基坑支护拉森钢板桩系统及施工方法
US10995467B2 (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-05-04 J.D. Fields & Company, Inc. Combined wall piling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1343203A (en) 1974-01-10
FR2083998A5 (de) 1971-12-17
DE2108424A1 (de) 1971-11-04
JPS5020761B1 (de) 1975-07-17

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