US3700194A - Seam for woven fabric - Google Patents

Seam for woven fabric Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3700194A
US3700194A US172864A US3700194DA US3700194A US 3700194 A US3700194 A US 3700194A US 172864 A US172864 A US 172864A US 3700194D A US3700194D A US 3700194DA US 3700194 A US3700194 A US 3700194A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
seam
warp
wefts
weft
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US172864A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Donald George Macbean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jwi Ltd
Original Assignee
Jwi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jwi Ltd filed Critical Jwi Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3700194A publication Critical patent/US3700194A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0054—Seams thereof

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A seam for an endless woven fabric wherein end por- [63] fggg t z 2 y tions of weft strands project from the ends of the a an 9 fabric and are woven together in the seam with a plurality of added warp strands so that the warp end per- [30]
  • This invention relates to an improved seam construction for joining the ends of a woven fabric length to form ablockage area and affect drainage leading to marking of the paper web. With the ends of the warp 7 from one edge joined or terminating alongside the ends form a woven endless belt.
  • the woven endless belt in- 10 corporating the improved seam construction is mainly intended to be used in the paper manufacturing industry for use as a Fourdrinier wire or for other paper web carrying applications in the industry.
  • the woven endless belt is constructed of plastic, metal, or a combination of plastic and metal strands, but it is particularly designed for the use of plastic strands.
  • the strands comprising the warp and weft threads forming the woven fabric, can be in the form of wire, monofilaments, or thin threads twisted into cable form.
  • warp and weft used throughout are used in the same sense that they are used in the manufacture of a Fourdrinier wire wherein the warp designates the longitudinal or machine direction strands, and the weft, the transverse or crossmachine direction strands.
  • the seam is particularly adapted to be used with a woven fabric length wherein both the warp and weft are crimped during weaving to form knuckles therein as is well known in the art.
  • theseam in a woven endless belt has certain characteristics, particularly where the belt is used to drain a newly formed paper web in the making of fine paper.
  • the seam construction must have substantially the same drainage properties as the woven fabric length whose end edges it joins so that the web produced has uniform properties.
  • the seam must be constructed in such a manner as to avoid the marking of the web when the web is being drained during transport by the woven endless belt. Each termination point forms a small blockage area affecting drainage.
  • the seam is formed in such a manner that the joints or termination points of the individual warps extending from the edges of the fabric length are arranged closely adjacent each'other, they can combine to form a large blockage area which during drainage of the web carried by the belt, will cause marking of the finished web. in fine paper manufacture, marking is to be avoided because it spoils the appearance of the paper.
  • the seam further must be constructed to provide adequate strength at the joint to hold the edges of the woven fabric length together. A strong seam is particularly difficult to obtain in the manufacture of plastic endless belts where the warp strands are straightened by heat setting.
  • One type of scam construction which provides a seam area substantially the same in appearance as the woven fabric length, comprises warps,
  • ,It is a purpose of the invention to provide an improved seam construction for the joining of the end edges of the woven fabric length to form a woven endless belt which has improved drainage properties
  • the seam is characterized by being much wider than those that are normallyused in the art. This is as a result of using a large number of added wefts to form the seam with the warps extending from the ends of the woven fabric length. Preferably at least 90 added wefts are used in the forming of the seam. Further, the pattern formed by the termination points of opposed warps is such that they are spaced from one another over the area of the seam so as to minimize marking of the web.
  • the added width of the seam improves the drainage properties of the seam and permits it to drain nearly as efficiently as the woven fabric length. For example, drainage through the seam of the present invention is approximately 95 percent of the drainage through the woven fabric length.
  • the wider seam also produces a stronger joint.
  • the strength of the seam is at least 75 percent of the strength of the woven fabric length.
  • the improved seam is particularly adapted to be used with a semi-twill weave.
  • This type of weave is well known in the art, particularly in the making of Fourdrinier wires and is generally most suitable in the weaving of plastic fabrics.
  • the semi-twill weave has a construction where a first warp passes under the first and second wefts and over the third and then repeats the pattern. The next adjacent warp passes over the first I weft, under the second and third and then repeats the over one, under two pattern.
  • the pattern is the same for each warp except that each succeeding warp passes under a weft which is adjacent to the weft the foregoing warp passed over and provides a fabric which has a larger web-carrying top surface compared to that provided by a plain weave and also provides a more wear resistant surface on the bottOm of the fabric.
  • the ends of the warps extending toward each other from the edges of the fabric length are normally terminated at a weft over which the ends of the warp pass. Since only every third weft is passed over by a warp, the locations at which the termination points of the warps can be located are limited and a specific pattern must be used to provide the proper spacing between the termination points in order to avoid marking of the web.
  • the invention specifically relates to an endless belt of woven fabric formed from plastic, metal, or a cornbination of both, comprising alength of woven fabric the end edges of which are joined together by a seam.
  • the woven fabric length comprises spaced apart warps woven in a selected repeated pattern with spaced apart wefts.
  • the warps extend from the end edges of the woven fabric length.
  • the seam comprises a plurality of added wefts interwoven with the lengths of warps extending from the edges of the fabric length in the same selected repeated pattern as that of thefabric length.
  • Each end of a warp extending from one edge of the fabric length terminates at a point in the seam adjacent the erid of a corresponding warp extending from the other edge of the fabric length.
  • the termination points form a substantially uniform pattern extending over the seam area whereby no two termination points, formed on adjacent warps, extending from one edge of the fabric length, are closely adjacent each other.
  • the improved seam is further characterized in that the number of added weft threads is of a sufficient number to provide the seam with a drainage of at least 95 percent of that of the remainder of the woven fabric. Preferably, this is done by providing at least 90 added wefts in the formation of the seam.
  • the seam is preferably constructed so that any termination point is located at a point in the seam at least strands from the next nearest termination point, said strands comprising either warps, added wefts, or a combination of both, said strands counted from any termination point in the weft direction, the warp direction, or in both the warp and weft directions.
  • the seam is'particularly useful in a woven endless belt having a semi-twill weave and made of plastic material with the added wefts being pre-crimped.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial plan view illustrating the seam and the ends of the fabric length joined by the seam;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional detail view showing the joining of opposite warps when the seam is formed in a semi-twill weave
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic detail view showing one method of forming the termination point of warp ends in a seam having a semi-twill pattern
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of one pattern preferably for use in joining the warp ends of the seam having a semi-twill pattern
  • FIG. 5 is a second pattern suitable for joining the warp ends of the seam having a semi-twill pattern
  • FIG. 6, appearing on the same sheet as FIG. 1, is a detail view showing a second method of forming the termination point of warp ends in a seam having a semitwill pattern.
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a woven endless belt 1 with the improved seam 3.
  • the seam is located between the end edges 5 and 7 of the woven fabric length 9.
  • the fabric length shown in FIG. 1 comprises a plurality of spaced apart warps 11A, 11B, etc. extending longitudinally of the fabric length and a plurality of spaced apart wefts 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D, etc. woven together in under and over fashion to form a plain weave. While a plain weave pattern has been shown, it will be obvious that other well-known patternsin the paper making weaving art can be used.
  • One end portion 15A, 158, etc. of the warps 11A, 118, etc. extend from one end edge 5 of the woven fabric length toward the other end portions 17A, 178, etc. of the warps 11A, 118, etc. extending from the other end edge 7.
  • the seam is formed by'incorporating a plurality 0 added wefts 19A,19B, etcrinto the space between the edges of the fabric length and interweaving them with the end portions 15A, 15B, etc. and 17A, 178, etc. of the warps extending from the edges of the fabric length, in the same pattern as the woven fabric length, which in this example, is a plain weave.
  • the end of warp end portion 15A terminates adjacent warp end portion 17A at termination point-21A asshown by an X in FIG.v 1.
  • the spacing is obtained partially'by inserting a large number of added weft threads 19 to form the seam 3 contrary to the normal practice of inserting as few as possible.
  • a minimum of 90 added wefts are used to form the seam.
  • the reason for using so many added wefts is to have drainage through the seam area which closely approximates the drainage through the remainder of the belt.
  • Each termination point blocks a minute area of the seam.
  • the total area blocked is fixed for any one fabric length in depen dence on the number of warps used. Since the blocked area of the seam is constant, the drainage capacity of the seam can be increased only by increasing the width (in the machine direction) of the seam.
  • the seam can be made as wide as possible so that thousands of added wefts could be used.
  • it is costly to weave the seam using the extending warp portions and added wefts. The cost increases with the number of added wefts used. Therefore, a compromise must be reached between cost and satisfactory drainage in the number of added wefts used.
  • the number should range between 90 and 120.
  • the use of 90 added wefts provides good drainage qualities and also provides a sufiiciently large area in which to space the termination points from each other to avoid marking of the seam.
  • 90 added wefts are used to form the seam. Each succeeding termination point 21 is spaced 14 wefts from the preceding point.
  • first point 21A is formed on the first added weft 19A
  • second point 21B will be'formed on the 15th added weft
  • third point 21C on the 29th added weft
  • seventh point, 21G is formed on the th added weft.
  • eighth point, 21H is formed on the ninth addedweft, and the pattern is repeated across the length of the seam.
  • Each termination point 21 is spaced from the other by a count of at last strands.
  • point 21H is a count of strands (7 warps and 8 added wefts) from point 21A.
  • the seam is stronger and more closely approaches the strength of the woven web.
  • the added wefts 19 in the seam are spaced apart the same distance as the wefts 13 in the woven fabric length.
  • the added wefts 19 can also be crimped in the same pattern as the wefts 13 in the woven fabric length to provide a uniform structure and appearance between the seam and the woven fabric length.
  • the added crimped wefts 19 can be obtained by weaving the fabric length 9 and then stripping off the wefts 13 from both ends. This leaves the warps 15, 17 extending from the newly-formed end edges 5, 7 of the fabric length. The removed wefts 13 are then inserted into the space between the edges as the added wefts 19, and the warp ends are interwoven between the added wefts in the same pattern as the woven fabric length to form the seam. The warps are cut off or joined at the termination points after the weaving operation.
  • the woven fabric length is of plastic material and crimped during weaving
  • the woven fabric length is normally heat set prior to stripping off the wefts to form the added wefts and the crimp stays in both the added wefts and the warp end portions.
  • the added wefts are interwoven with the warp end portions, they easily lock in place in the same pattern as the woven fabric length due to their crimping.
  • the termination points 21 in the seam can be forme in a particular manner.
  • each warp The semi-twill weave provides a good supporting surface for the web and also a wear resistant undersurface for the woven fabric.
  • the warp ends are preferably finished at atermination point where they pass over a single weft in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the warp and .weft threads are crimped and then heat set, and the required number ofadded wefts are stripped from the ends of the woven fabric. The added wefts are then woven in the same semi-twill pattern with the warps extending from the end edges of the fabric length to form the seam.
  • the warp ends terminate in a pattern on the seam area such that they are end portion '15, 17 is woven with the weft to its preselected termination point 21 located at one of the added wefts 19.
  • the unused part of the warp end portions 15, 17 are cut off in such a manner as to form a hook portion 23, 25 extending over the added weft from each warp end portion.
  • the hook portions are formed due to the crimp in the warps during weaving.
  • Each cut end 27, 29 of the hook portion extends down away from the top or webcarrying surface 31 of the seam to lie flush with the bottom of the cloth as shown in FIG.
  • Each cut end 27, 29 blocks a portion of an opening 31 in the weave forming the minute blockage area at each termination point as previously discussed.
  • the hook portions 23, 25 are located adjacent each other at the termination point 21. Using this inherent hook construction, the warp end portions need not be joined together as is sometimes necessary in seam constructrons.
  • seam has been described to join end edges of one fabric length, it may also be used to join the end edges of two different fabric lengths to obtain a single fabric length of extended length rather than a closed loop.
  • the invention is particularly adapted to be used with either left hand or right hand semi-twill weave patterns.
  • a semi-twill weave pattern is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • each termination point should be formed on every third weft for any one warp.
  • specific patterns are required in order to obtain the necessary spacing of the termination points from each other and to locate each termination point at a weft over which the warp passed.
  • the number of added wefts is at least in order to provide drainage for the seam similar to that obtained by the fabric itself.
  • FIG. 4 A, preferred pattern for spacing the termination points in the semi-twill weave is shown in FIG. 4 wherein I07 added wefts are used to form the seam. For each succeeding warp, itstermination point is spaced 23 wefts from the preceding warp termination point.
  • the vertical portion of the pattern shows the 107 wefts added between the edges of the fabric length, and the horizontal portion shows 31 warp ends extending from each edge of the fabric length.
  • the No. 1 warp ends terminate at the No. 1 added weft, which weft extends under the warps.
  • the termination point is designated by an X and is similar to that shown in FIGS. 2 or 3.
  • the No. 1 warp passes over the No. 1 weft, under Nos. 2 and 3, over No. 4, under Nos.
  • the No. 2 warp in the semi-twill pattern passes under the Nos. 1 and 2 wefts, over No..3,-under Nos. 4, 5, over No. 6, under Nos. 7, 8,.et'c.
  • the ends of No. 2 warp terminate at added weft No. 24 where they pass over this added weft.
  • the No. 3 warp ends are joined together on weft No. 47
  • No. 4 warp is joined on weft 70
  • No. 5 warp on weft 93 This constitutes one run across the seam width.
  • the pattern is then repeated in a second run whereby No. 6 warp terminates on No. 8 weft at which point again it passes over this weft.
  • the resultant seam with the termination points in the pattern as shown in FIG. 5 reveals a substantially diagonal pattern with substantially linear rows extending in one direction and other substantially linear rows extending in a transverse direction to the first rows to located a total of seven wefts plus five warps for a total of 12 strands from the next nearest adjacent termination points asshown to provide adequate spacing.
  • FIG. 4 While the pattern in FIG. 4 has five termination points in each run across the seam when using 107 added wefts, and a repeat pattern every three runs, six or seven termination points may be joined in one run across the seam, particularly if a wider seam is made using more than 107 added wefts.
  • FIG. 5 A further pattern for semi-twill weave is shown in FIG. 5 wherein 20 weft spacing is used between adjacent termination points and ,109 added wefts are used. Again, in the semi-twill weave, warp No. 1 passes over the first weft,- under the next two, over the fourth, under the next two, over the seventh, etc. The No.
  • the first termination point is at 1, 1, the second 2, 21, etc. in a repeat pattern across the length of a seam.
  • the selector mechanism used to aid in cutting the warp ends at the correct locations to form the termination points, is simpler to make and to use and the seam is easier to make.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 While one method of forming the termination points between the warp ends has been shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for use in a crimped, plastic semi-twill weave, an alternative method is shown in FIG. 6 wherein a single vertical cut is made on the end portions 15, 17 of the warp 1 l at the termination point 21. Because the warps 8 are pre-crimped and of plastic, they have resiliency and snap in place abutting one another at their cut ends 33 so as to form an extremely neat termination point and avoid blocking openings in the fabric. However, this method of joining is not preferred because the abutting ends can work loose from one another and slip off the weft over which they pass thus forming gaps in the seam area whichagain leads to marking of a web.
  • warps of 0.01062 in. diameter were interwoven in a semi-twill weave pattern with wefts of 0.0138 in. diameter to provide a fabric having a mesh of 50X 36/inch.
  • This seam had 107 added wefts interwoven with the warp ends in the pattern shown in 4-w1th a spacmg of 23 wefts between each adjacent warp termination point for every run of three across'the seam width.
  • the seam hada strength of approximately percent of the woven fabric.
  • the semi-twill I woven fabric length drained at 500 cubic feet of air per minute per square foot of areawhereas the seam drained at 475 cubic feet of air per minute per square foot of area thus providing a 5 percent difference in drainage between the seam and the woven fabric.
  • the seam including 107 added wefts interwoven with said warp end portions in the same semi-twill pattern as that of said fabric, the free end of each said warp end portion projecting from one end of said fabric terminating at a point in said seam located over a weft and adjacent said free end of a warp end portion projecting from the other end of said fabric located over the same weft, said termination points arranged in a repeat pattern repeated for each group of 15 warps and wherein each succeeding termination point in said repeat pattern is spaced twenty-three wefts from the termination point in a preceding warp, said termination points being arranged in a substantially uniform pattern over the whole area of said seam, with each of said termination points spaced from the nearest adjacent termination point by a total count of at least- 10 warp and weft strands.

Landscapes

  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US172864A 1969-06-13 1971-08-18 Seam for woven fabric Expired - Lifetime US3700194A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA54348 1969-06-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3700194A true US3700194A (en) 1972-10-24

Family

ID=4085343

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US172864A Expired - Lifetime US3700194A (en) 1969-06-13 1971-08-18 Seam for woven fabric

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3700194A (ja)
CA (1) CA895641A (ja)
GB (1) GB1264818A (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784133A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-01-08 Lindsay Wire Weaving Co Seam for woven paper making fabrics
US5458161A (en) * 1993-03-19 1995-10-17 Jwi Ltd. High loop density pin seam
US20030066570A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-10 Michael Maguire Belt-machine combination
CN101436510B (zh) * 2007-11-13 2010-12-15 喜星素材株式会社 用于向blu用荧光灯导入汞的吸气剂组合物及其装置
US20130007999A1 (en) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Ashish Sen Seaming process for pmc fabric having monofilament yarns
US8597468B2 (en) * 2011-12-05 2013-12-03 Voith Patent Gmbh Joining process for a papermachine clothing
US20200063344A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2020-02-27 Astenjohnson, Inc. Seam for Endless Fabric Belt

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE11073C (de) * 1880-04-16 1880-09-30 P. TELTOW in Stettin Obstabpflücker
US926004A (en) * 1908-01-06 1909-06-22 Wilhelm Keller Method of joining or connecting fabrics.
US3335986A (en) * 1965-09-01 1967-08-15 Fabric Res Lab Hand laced seams
US3366355A (en) * 1965-10-13 1968-01-30 Appleton Wire Works Corp Seam for woven metal or plastic fabric for papermaking machines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE11073C (de) * 1880-04-16 1880-09-30 P. TELTOW in Stettin Obstabpflücker
US926004A (en) * 1908-01-06 1909-06-22 Wilhelm Keller Method of joining or connecting fabrics.
US3335986A (en) * 1965-09-01 1967-08-15 Fabric Res Lab Hand laced seams
US3366355A (en) * 1965-10-13 1968-01-30 Appleton Wire Works Corp Seam for woven metal or plastic fabric for papermaking machines

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784133A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-01-08 Lindsay Wire Weaving Co Seam for woven paper making fabrics
US5458161A (en) * 1993-03-19 1995-10-17 Jwi Ltd. High loop density pin seam
US20030066570A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-10 Michael Maguire Belt-machine combination
WO2003031093A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-17 National Wire Fabric, Inc. Improved belt-machine combination
US7005038B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2006-02-28 National Wire Fabric, Inc. Belt-machine combination
CN101436510B (zh) * 2007-11-13 2010-12-15 喜星素材株式会社 用于向blu用荧光灯导入汞的吸气剂组合物及其装置
US20130007999A1 (en) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Ashish Sen Seaming process for pmc fabric having monofilament yarns
US8597468B2 (en) * 2011-12-05 2013-12-03 Voith Patent Gmbh Joining process for a papermachine clothing
CN104040071A (zh) * 2011-12-05 2014-09-10 福伊特专利公司 造纸机用布的连接处理
CN104040071B (zh) * 2011-12-05 2017-03-01 福伊特专利公司 造纸机用布的连接处理
US20200063344A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2020-02-27 Astenjohnson, Inc. Seam for Endless Fabric Belt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA895641A (en) 1972-03-21
GB1264818A (ja) 1972-02-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4564052A (en) Double-layer fabric for paper machine screen
FI86208B (fi) Pappersmaskinsvira.
US4611639A (en) Forming fabric of double-layer type
US3815645A (en) Machine cloth for the paper or cellulose industries
US4749007A (en) Method for manufacturing cloth particularly for paper-manufacturing machine
US5379808A (en) Multi-ply papermaking fabric with ovate binder yarns
US4776373A (en) Fabric for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine
JP4810229B2 (ja) 製紙機械用の多層布
US4691744A (en) Filter wire cloth
JPH0214475B2 (ja)
JPS5825798B2 (ja) 平板状に繊成された製紙機用ファブリク
JPS62268893A (ja) 製紙機の紙層形成部用抄き網
EP1070164B1 (en) Fabric and seam construction
KR100631247B1 (ko) 심 영역에 부가적인 실을 사용한 제지 직물
US4231401A (en) Fabric for papermaking machines
US3700194A (en) Seam for woven fabric
GB2157328A (en) Improved multilayer forming fabric
US3207659A (en) Method of making papermaker's fabric and the finished fabric
US3552691A (en) Seam for woven papermaking fabrics
US3335986A (en) Hand laced seams
KR20000071193A (ko) 개조된 나선형 이음부
US5609931A (en) Paper machine clothing
JPH0586594A (ja) 製紙用ウエツトプレスエンドレスフエルト
EP0182597B1 (en) Pin seamed fabric
CA2554369C (en) Non-marking endless woven press felt seam