US3695595A - Method and means for sintering materials, particularly dolomite and magnesite, in a shaft furnace - Google Patents

Method and means for sintering materials, particularly dolomite and magnesite, in a shaft furnace Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3695595A
US3695595A US93578A US3695595DA US3695595A US 3695595 A US3695595 A US 3695595A US 93578 A US93578 A US 93578A US 3695595D A US3695595D A US 3695595DA US 3695595 A US3695595 A US 3695595A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
zone
furnace
sintering
gases
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US93578A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Beckenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WARMESTELLE STEINE und ERDEN A GERMAN CORP GmbH
WARMESTELLE STEINE und ERDEN GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691961789 external-priority patent/DE1961789C/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3695595A publication Critical patent/US3695595A/en
Assigned to WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH, A GERMAN CORP. reassignment WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH, A GERMAN CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BECKENBACH, KARL
Assigned to WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH reassignment WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BECKENBACH, HELMUTH, BECKENBACH, KARL BY HELMUTH BECKENBACH, ATTORNEY IN FACT, BECKENBACH, ULRICH
Assigned to BARCLAYS-AMERICAN/BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., 111 FOUNDERS PLAZA, EAST HARTFORD, CT. 06108 A CT. CORP. reassignment BARCLAYS-AMERICAN/BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., 111 FOUNDERS PLAZA, EAST HARTFORD, CT. 06108 A CT. CORP. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FULLER COMPANY
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to FULLER COMPANY reassignment FULLER COMPANY RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BARCLAYS BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORP OF CT
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
    • C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
    • C04B2/12—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling in shaft or vertical furnaces

Definitions

  • the material is subjected to the action of gases flowing in counter-current to the material in the calcining zone, is sintered in the sintering zone by gases flowing in co-current, and is cooled in the cooling zone by gases flowing in counter-current.
  • the exhaust gases are discharged from the lower end of the sintering zone while cooling air discharged from the upper end of the cooling zone is extracted from the furnace and is reintroduced therein together with fuel at the lower end of the calcining zone to provide the gases required to calcine the material.
  • a fuel gas-air mixture containing substantially no exhaust gas is introduced into the upper end of the sintering zone and, depending on whether the fuel gas-air mixture contains an excess of oxygen or fuel, additional fuel or air is introduced into the material in the sintering zone so as to increase the combustion therein and heat the calcined material to the sinte'ring temperature.
  • This invention relates to a method for calcining and sintering materialssuch as dolomite and magnesite in a shaft furnace and to shaft furnaces useful for such a method.
  • Shaft furnaces in which the material being calcined and the calcining gases travel downwards in the lower calcining zone of the furnace (i.e. in co-current) are already used to an increasing extent for calcining lime.
  • the downwardly flowing calcining gases substantially comprise an exhaust gas-cooling air mixture which has been drawn off from the lower calcining zone and in which fuel has been burnt with a high excess of air before the mixtureuis reintroduced into the shaft.
  • This'method of operation is useful for calcining lime because the temperatures in the co-current zone diminish with an increasing limestone neutralization rate. This means that the temperature at the lower end of the co-current zone (for the final carbonizing phase) is lower than in the upper end of this zone. If this were not the case, there would be some danger of the lime produced in this manner being calcined hard rather than soft.
  • Sintering is performed at the maximum possible temperatures and the sintering will be the more complete the more the temperature approaches the softening point of the material being sintered.
  • temperatures of up to l,800 to 2,000C will be employed depending on the purity of the sintered material; substantially lower temperatures are normally required for other material to be sintered, for example ores.
  • I provide a method for the calcining and sintering of a material such as dolomite or magnesite in an oilor gas-fired shaft furnace, which comprises passing the material down the furnace through, in sequence, a calcining zone, a sintering zone and a cooling zone, the material being calcined in the calcining zone by gases flowing in counter-current to the material, being sintered in the sintering zone by gases flowing in cocurrent, and being cooled in the cooling zone by gases flowing in counter-current again, exhaust gases discharged from the lower end of the sintering zone and cooling air discharged from the upper end of the cooling zone being extracted from the furnace and being reintroduced therein, together with sufficient fuel, at the lower end of the calcining zone to provide the gases to calcine the material, introducing a method for the calcining and sintering of a material such as dolomite or magnesite in an oilor gas-fired shaft furnace, which comprises passing the material down
  • I further provide a shaft furnace for performing the method of the invention, in which the furnace wall is provided with a plurality of combustion chambers, means for extracting gas from the furnace being disposed below the combustion chambers and communicating with at least some thereof so that extracted gas may be recycled tothe furnace through combustion chambers, and means being provided between upper combustion chambers and the gas extraction means for introducing additional air or fuel to the furnace.
  • a fuel gas-air mixture containing little or no exhaust gas and at a temperature below the long term stability temperature of the gas entry position lining is also introduced at the upper end of the sintering zone and depending on whether the fuel gas-air mixture supplied to the system contains excess unburnt oxygen or unburnt fuel, additional fuel or additional air is introduced below the upper calcining zone into the column of material in order to heat the downward flowing fuel gas-air mixture to the sintering temperature.
  • the method according to the invention ensures that the pre-treated material transferred from the calcining zone into the sintering zone, which operates under cocurrent condition, is raised to the sintering temperature by fuel gases introduced at the upper end of the sintering zone, the temperature of said fuel gases being below the temperature which would endanger the stability of the combustion chamber lining and, for example when sintering magnesite and dolomite (where such temperature is below the required sintering temperature) by the after-burning of additional fuel.
  • the introduction of the fuel gases required for sintering into the sintering zone takes place at the low temperature end of this zone by contrast to the counter-current method in which the fuel gases must be introduced at the high temperature end of this zone.
  • combustion of the additional fuel permits equalization of the temperature across the furnace cross section within the column of material as it moves downwards through the sintering zone and before the highest sintering temperature is reached. It is therefore not possible for the sintered material to be subject to localized overheating which could endanger the shaft lining by being baked onto the furnace wall.
  • the additionally supplied fuel or the additionally supplied air may be introduced into the column of material either above or below the entry positions for the fuel gas-air mixture disposed at the upper end of the sintering zone.
  • the column of material which moves downwards in the shaft is deflected in the calcining zone from its main direction of movement in order to form a cavity within the material charge at a location below the entry positions for the gas-cooling air mixture.
  • the fuel gas-air mixture employed for sintering and/or the additional fuel or the additional air is then introduced into this cavity.
  • the exhaust gas-cooling air mixture extracted from the furnace is cooled by heat exchange with air prior to being re-introduced to the calcining zone, the heated air being used in combustion in the calcining and/or the sintering zone.
  • the lower combustion chambers extend into a cavity in the column of material, the cavity being formed by a bridge extending through the shaft or by a flared zone of the furnace cross section.
  • the supply means for the additional fuel and the additional air may also extend into these cavities.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic view of a shaft furnace in accordance with the invention, the upper and lower ends of which are not shown in detail;
  • FIG. 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a section along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of part of a shaft furnace similar to that shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrammatic views of further means for the introduction of additional fuel or additional air into the column of material passing through the furnace.
  • the upper end of the shaft 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is the zone in which the material is calcined (zone A in FIG. I the lower end of which zone is provided with upper combustion chambers 12 extending into the shaft.
  • Four upper combustion chambers 12, disposed in one plane, are uniformly distributed around the shaft circumference.
  • a roasting zone (zone B in FIG. I), i.e. a zone through which no gases flow, is provided below the combustion chambers 12 and a bridge system is disposed in this roasting zone.
  • the bridge system comprises a single bridge 14 extending diametricallyv through the shaft and being capable of deflecting the roasting material laterally.
  • the bridge is laterally expanded into an arch so that the surface of the column of material in the cavity 16 formed below the bridge corresponds to the curved line 18 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the bridge which may be optionally cooled, is provided on its underside with an upwardly orientated recess 20 (see FIG. 2), the two ends of which communicate with two oppositely disposed lower combustion chambers 22 which are in alignment with the bridge and through which either a fuel gas-air mixture with a high excess of air, or a fuel gas-air mixture with an excess of unburnt fuel, is introduced.
  • the furnace zone C below combustion chambers 22 is the zone in which the material is sintered.
  • Supply ducts 24 for additional fuel or additional air are disposed below the combustion chambers 22, the
  • the gas temperatures of approximately 1,800-2,000C required for sintering, for example, magnesite or dolomite will be reached only in the event of additional fuel being supplied through the ducts 24.
  • This fuel distributes itself within the cavity 16 and burns partially therein but burns to a greater extent within the column of material which is disposed in the lower zone of the furnace (the sintering zone), with the oxygen obtained from the excess air discharged from the combustion chambers 22.
  • the conditions are substantially the same if additional air is supplied through the ducts 24 in order to burn excess fuel discharged from the combustion chambers 22.
  • liquid or gaseous fuel is normally used, it is also possible to use fuel in a solid form, for example in the form of coal dust or crushed coke. This may be introduced at the upper end of the sintering zone into the column of material provided that the ducts are suitably constructed.
  • the gases which travel downwardly in co-current with the material through the sintering zone below the bridge 14 are drawn off through two extraction apertures 26, which are disposed at the upper end of the cooling zone (zone D in FIG. 1), together with the cooling air rising up to the sintering zone from the cooling zone.
  • These apertures 26, which are shown in FIG. 1 as being disposed in the plane of the bridge for simplicity, are offset by 90 relative to this plane as can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • the offset arrangement of the apertures 26 assists in the uniform distribution of the fuel gases in the co-current sintering zone.
  • the fuel gases drawn off from the sintering zone are at a high temperature (corresponding to the tem perature at which the material is to be sintered) and since the amount of cooling air is suitably proportioned so as to be merely sufficient to cool the sintered material in the cooling zone to a temperature which is tolerable for the conveying means to discharge the sintered material from the lower end of the furnace, it is desirable to cool the gas mixture extracted through apertures 26 so that it can be conveyed without difficulty by the extraction elements 27.
  • These extraction elements may take the form of injectors or fans.
  • the extracted gas mixture is therefore preferably first ducted through heat exchangers 28 in which it may be cooled by means of the air supplied to the burners 30 and 32 respectively by means of a blower 34.
  • the air being'supplied to the burners is thus heated in the heat exchanger. It is, however, possible for other types of fluids (e.g. liquids) to be used as coolants in the heat exchangers, such substances being suitable, after heating in the heat exchanger, for other purposes.
  • the cooled gas mixture, or at least a substantial part thereof, is then supplied by the extraction elements 27 to the upper combustion chambers 12 through ducts 36. It is also possible for a small part of the mixture to be supplied through an ad justable duct, not shown, to the lower combustion chambers 22.
  • FIG. '1 shows at the top right-hand side an extraction fan 40 communicating with a chimney.
  • This fan and the extraction, elements may be so regulated that a roasting zone, through which practically no gases flow, is produced in the zone disposed between the upper and lower combustion chambers. It is of course possible however that asmaller part of the fuel gases produced in the upper combustion chambers flows downwards through the roasting zone.
  • the regulating elements provided in the ducts are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention in which lance-shaped ducts 24a for the supply of additional fuel or additional air pass through the upper wall of the combustion chambers 22a.
  • the path of the fuel or air supplied in this manner into the cavity 16a provided below a bridge 14a is shown by the dot-dash lines.
  • the bridge is provided with a cooling duct 17.
  • the supply lines for delivering coolant to this duct are not shown.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show in purely diagrammatic form further means for disposing supply lines to the furnace for additional fuel or additional air.
  • FIG. 5 indicates the entry of the supply lines 24b 'into the cavity disposed below a bridge 14b, extending through the column of material between the upper or lower combustion chambers 12b or 22b respectively.
  • the lower combustion chambers 22b extend into an annular cavity 16b which is formed by a flared zone of the shaft cross section.
  • FIG. 6 shows the injection under high pressure of additional liquid fuel or the blowing of additional gaseous fuel at 24c into the shaft disposed between the upper and lower combustion chambers or 22c respectively.
  • the injection of additional liquid or gaseous fuel or additional air may, of course, also be performed below the lower combustion chambers 22, a feature which is also indicated in FIG. 6.
  • the supply of additional fuel or additional air is performed preferably at several positions distributed around the shaft circumference and, where appropriate, also from positions disposed at different levels.
  • the dolomite is hard calcined (death-burned) in the upper part of the furnace which operates by the counterflow method or is so calcined that all or the greater part of the carbon dioxide is driven out.
  • the sintering process in the co-current sintering zone is initiated by gases supplied via the lower combustion chambers at the upper end of the sintering zone at a temperature which is still below the temperature which would endanger the lining of the gas entry positions or of the combustion chambers.
  • Combustion of the additional fuel supplied to the upper end of the sintering zone causes a gradual increase of the temperature therein but this increase is so slight in the upper part of the zone, in which calcining is completed, that agglomeration cannot take place.
  • the material is raised to sintering temperature only after the tempera ture becomes uniform across the shaft cross section.
  • the temperature characteristics of the method of the invention differ fundamentally from those of the previously mentioned method for the calcining of lime in a co-current zone of a shaft furnace. While the heating gases at the upper end of this zone in the calcining of lime are supplied to the furnace at a temperature not exceeding 1,150C, and are at a lower temperature when the lower end of this zone is reached, the temperatures in the method according to the invention increase constantly until they have reached the required final sintering temperature (approximately l,800C for dolomite) at or near the end of the co-current zone.
  • the maximum temperatures which can be withstood by the conventional linings of combustion chambers of shaft furnaces of the type described hereinabove vary between approximately l,300 and l400C, depending on the kind of sintered material and its flux content, for example iron oxide, silicic acid and clay.
  • the shaft furnace for performing the invention as described hereinabove may be modified in many ways. Instead of a round shaft furnace as shown, it is also possible for rectangular or annular shaft furnaces to be employed. A shaft furnace having a round shaft for the calcining zone and adjoining an expanded annular shaft which forms the sintering zone as well as the cooling zone may also be used. By contrast with the described embodiments in which the burners of the gas inlet positions are disposed within combustion chambers situated outside the shaft, it is possible for the burners to be provided within cavities of bridges traversing the shaft.
  • a method of calcining and sintering a material such as dolomite and magnesite in a shaft furnace comprising the steps of a. introducing said material in the top portion of the furnace for passage downwardly there-through,
  • a shaft furnace for calcining and sintering material such as dolomite and magnesite as it passes downwardly in said furnace including means for establishing below the zone of introduction a calcining zone with gases flowing upwardly therethrough in counter-current to the descending material, means for establishing below said calcining zone a sintering zone with gases flowing downwardly therethrough in co-current with said descending material, means for establishing below said siptering zone a cooling zone with gases flowin upwardly therethrough in counter-current to said escendmg ,material, means for causing the descending gases from the sintering zone and the ascending gases from the cooling zone to be discharged from the furnace at the lower end of said sintering zone and the upper end of said cooling zone, respectively, means for causing said discharged gases to be re-introduced into the furnace together with fuel gases at the lower end of said calcining zone to establish said counter-current flow upwardly through said calcining zone, means for introducing a mixture of
  • a shaft furnace according to claim 4 in which a bridge is disposed within the furnace across the furnace walls above the lower set of combustion chambers so that the material passing down the furnace is deflected by the bridge and forms a cavity therebelow into which the lower combustion chambers communicate.
  • a shaft furnace in which at least one heat exchanger is disposed'in the line which recycles gas from the gas extraction means to the combustion chambers so that extracted gas may be cooled prior to introduction to the furnace, means being provided for conveying gas heated by the extracted gas in the heat exchanger to the combustion chambers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US93578A 1969-12-10 1970-11-30 Method and means for sintering materials, particularly dolomite and magnesite, in a shaft furnace Expired - Lifetime US3695595A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691961789 DE1961789C (de) 1969-12-10 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schacht ofens zum Sintern, insbesondere von Dolomit und Schachtofen zur Ausfuhrung dieses Ver fahrens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3695595A true US3695595A (en) 1972-10-03

Family

ID=5753391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US93578A Expired - Lifetime US3695595A (en) 1969-12-10 1970-11-30 Method and means for sintering materials, particularly dolomite and magnesite, in a shaft furnace

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3695595A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4929439B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT305860B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE760160A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2074985A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1301502A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1076400C (zh) * 1998-03-06 2001-12-19 杨兆祥 硼镁复合添加剂及其制取方法
CN101921074A (zh) * 2010-08-31 2010-12-22 贾会平 梁式石灰窑

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2093575A (en) * 1981-02-25 1982-09-02 Catagas Ltd Combustion apparatus
JPS6055755B2 (ja) * 1981-11-05 1985-12-06 宇部興産株式会社 二重傾斜炉
EP1669708A3 (en) * 2004-12-13 2007-01-24 Terruzzi Fercalx S.p.A. Kiln for burning lump materials

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3285590A (en) * 1964-06-11 1966-11-15 Marshall F Parsons Down draft vertical kiln system
US3544096A (en) * 1968-05-22 1970-12-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cross-current blast furnace

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3285590A (en) * 1964-06-11 1966-11-15 Marshall F Parsons Down draft vertical kiln system
US3544096A (en) * 1968-05-22 1970-12-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cross-current blast furnace

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1076400C (zh) * 1998-03-06 2001-12-19 杨兆祥 硼镁复合添加剂及其制取方法
CN101921074A (zh) * 2010-08-31 2010-12-22 贾会平 梁式石灰窑
CN101921074B (zh) * 2010-08-31 2012-07-04 贾会平 梁式石灰窑

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2074985A5 (fr) 1971-10-08
AT305860B (de) 1973-03-12
DE1961789A1 (de) 1972-05-31
DE1961789B2 (de) 1972-10-19
JPS4929439B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-03
BE760160A (fr) 1971-06-10
GB1301502A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3869248A (en) Apparatus for burning materials of cement and the like
US20240361074A1 (en) Parallel-flow regenerative shaft kiln and method for burning carbonate rock
EP2748547B1 (en) Apparatus and method for the thermal treatment of lump or agglomerated material
US1468168A (en) Apparatus for calcining and clinkering
JPS5822527B2 (ja) ペレツトを焼成する方法および装置
US3404199A (en) Heating process in a rotary kiln
CA3016821C (en) System having a furnace and method for operating such a system
US4668184A (en) Annular shaft kiln
US3695595A (en) Method and means for sintering materials, particularly dolomite and magnesite, in a shaft furnace
MXPA01003608A (es) Metodo para calcinar material que contenga carbonatos.
JP7105381B2 (ja) シャフト炉内で炭素含有材料を燃焼させるための方法およびシャフト炉
EP2913612A1 (en) Combustion system for the production of ceramic linings
US3771946A (en) Method for carrying out endothermic processes in a shaft furnace
US3954391A (en) Process for endothermic heat treatment of materials
US3601377A (en) Shaft furnaces
JP7656630B2 (ja) 分散性原料の熱処理のための設備及びそのような設備を動作させるための方法
JPH02197530A (ja) 鉄鉱石ペレットプロセスの燃焼方法
US3427367A (en) Prefiring of refractory materials
US3642262A (en) Method for operating a regenerative gas heater, and a gas heater for use in this method
US2879052A (en) Method of and apparatus for treating calcareous materials
US10947125B2 (en) Furnace and method for operating a furnace
SU1759919A1 (ru) Обжигова конвейерна машина
RU2773348C1 (ru) Способ и шахтная печь для обжига в ней углеродсодержащего материала
RU2063594C1 (ru) Способ обжига карбонатного сырья и регенеративная шахтная печь для обжига карбонатного сырья
JP3523999B2 (ja) 廃プラスチックを利用したロータリーキルンにおける生石灰・焼ドロマイトの製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH; KLEVER STRASSE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BECKENBACH, KARL;REEL/FRAME:003935/0190

Effective date: 19811109

AS Assignment

Owner name: WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BECKENBACH, KARL BY HELMUTH BECKENBACH, ATTORNEY IN FACT;BECKENBACH, ULRICH;BECKENBACH, HELMUTH;REEL/FRAME:003948/0509

Effective date: 19820111

Owner name: WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH, A GERMAN CORP.,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BECKENBACH, KARL BY HELMUTH BECKENBACH, ATTORNEY IN FACT;BECKENBACH, ULRICH;BECKENBACH, HELMUTH;REEL/FRAME:003948/0509

Effective date: 19820111

Owner name: WARMESTELLE STEINE UND ERDEN GMBH, KLEVER STRASSE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BECKENBACH, KARL BY HELMUTH BECKENBACH, ATTORNEY IN FACT;BECKENBACH, ULRICH;BECKENBACH, HELMUTH;REEL/FRAME:003948/0509

Effective date: 19820111

AS Assignment

Owner name: BARCLAYS-AMERICAN/BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., 111 FOUND

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FULLER COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004994/0255

Effective date: 19881214

AS Assignment

Owner name: FULLER COMPANY, PENNSYLVANIA

Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BARCLAYS BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORP OF CT;REEL/FRAME:005465/0255

Effective date: 19900912