US3695001A - Method and system for removing particles of floating dusts produced upon an excavation of a tunnel - Google Patents

Method and system for removing particles of floating dusts produced upon an excavation of a tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3695001A
US3695001A US22336A US3695001DA US3695001A US 3695001 A US3695001 A US 3695001A US 22336 A US22336 A US 22336A US 3695001D A US3695001D A US 3695001DA US 3695001 A US3695001 A US 3695001A
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Prior art keywords
tunnel
electrodes
particles
excavation
wall
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Expired - Lifetime
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US22336A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tamotsu Watanabe
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Nippon Kogei Kogyo Co Ltd
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Nippon Kogei Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for removing particles of floating dust and more particularly to a method and apparatus for removing particles of floating dust produced upon excavation of a tunnel.
  • the foregoing and other objects are attained by providing a method of removing particles of floating dust and mist produced upon excavation of a tunnel by charging the particles through the use of an electric field created between the inner wall of the tunnel and a plurality of electrodes equidistantly positioned within the tunnel and having a high potential applied thereto.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tunnel inside of which posts are provided;
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the tunnel, wherein the system of the subject invention is provided;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the tunnel taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the tunnel taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the subject invention.
  • FIG. 1 wherein there is illustrated a tunnel having a gallery 1 and a plurality of arch posts 2 constructed therein for preventing earth, sand, stones and rocks from collapsing within the gallery.
  • shield plates such as illustrated at in FIGS. 2 and 3, are provided between an excavation portion 3 and the excavated gallery 4 of the tunnel so as to isolate the excavated area from the gallery and prevent damage to the gallery from scattered stones, rocks, earth and sand.
  • a great deal of dust is created which prevents the workmen from enteringinto the portion 3 to remove the stones, rocks, earth, sand, and other debris.
  • a plurality of electrodes 8 are suspendedfrom the top portion 9 of the arch posts 2 which are provided between the excavating portion 3 and the shield plate 5 within the tunnel.
  • the electrodes-8 are connected through a high potential cable 7 to a source of high potential 6, as best illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the resulting earth, sand, stones, rocks, and like materials are blown up into the space between the blasting portion 3 and the shield plate 5 so as to create a cloud of particulate material therethrough.
  • a high potential is applied to the electrodes 8 from the source 6 so as to form a high electric field between the electrodes 8 and the inner wall of the tunnel such that the particles of floating dust and mist within the tunnel are charged resulting'in the particles being electrically deposited onto the inner wall of the tunnel which has the opposite polarity with respect to the electrodes 8.
  • the high potential of the electric field to be applied to the electrodes is preferably above I kilovolt per centimeter in mean potential gradient.
  • a method which accelerates the removal of the particles by applying an intermittent or pulsating high potential to the electrodes which are equidistantly positioned within the tunnel. Utilizing this method, the time for removing the floating particles from the atmosphere within the tunnel is substantially shortened.
  • the electric field is preferably extended throughout the accessible portions of the tunnel by disposing a multiplicity of electrodes equidistantly disposed with respect to each other through as broad an area as is possible within the tunnel.
  • the electrodes are preferably shaped so as to provide as sharp a point as possible so as to provide a good corona discharge. Therefore, the electrodes may consist of bared wires at the end portions thereof and having the high voltage cable provided with an insulated cover or, in the alternative, the electrodes may be an elongated member having a sharpened tip at the end electrical insulation between the electrodes and the inner wall and bottom of the tunnel prior to the blasting operations and the mounting of the electrodes such that they do not move due to the shock of the blasting operations within the tunnel. Furthermore, in order to assure the safety of the operation in the event that an electrode is short-circuited by falling upon the ground, there may also be provided a device for shutting off the electrical circuit to the particular electrode which has become short-circuited.
  • the rest of the electrodes can still operate so as to form an electric field which is capable of removing the particles by depositing them onto the inner wall of the .tunnel.
  • the method of the subject invention is particularlyeffective fordepositing particles onto the inner wall of the tunnel by forming an electric field within the tunnel when the air containing the particles of floating dust and mist is relatively steady or moving slowly within the tunnel. In the event that a strong wind exists within the tunnel, the method is less efiective, although it is better than conventional methods. It is preferable to apply the electric field within the tunnel after the explosive gases have exhausted so as to dilute the gas and render the method more effective.
  • the distance utilized for spacing the electrodes will depend upon the economic considerations in choosing the particular high voltage power supply and the type and extent of the excavation.
  • the number of electrodes may also be dependent upon the type and extent of the excavation, but
  • the electrodes are disposed equidistantly so as to form a uniform electric field withinthe tunnel so as to uniformly charge the particles of dust and mist produced upon excavation.
  • a system for removing particles of floating dust and mist produced upon excavation of a tunnel comprising a plurality of electrodes which are equidistantly positioned within the tunnel for forming an electric field between the inner wall of the tunnel and the electrodes so as to charge the particles with a high potential with respect to the inner wall and bottom of the tunnel, and includes a plurality of posts provided within the tunnel for supporting the electrodes and a source of high potential for application to the electrodes whereby theparticles are electrically deposited onto the inner wall of the tunnel.
  • a means for equidistantly spacing the electrodes which may comprise, for example, a plurality of resilient and flexible tubes of high molecular compound through which the electrodes of metal wire or covered wire are disposed and which have the end portions thereof exposed.
  • means for shutting off the circuit to the electrode which has become short-circuited upon falling to the ground due to the shock of a blasting operation which may comprise, for example, a circuit breaker or fuse connected in series to the high potential supply circuit. It has been found necessary in the system of the present invention to prevent some of the electrodes from forming a high electric field with the inner wall of the tunnel, and this has been accomplished by equidistantly disposing the electrodes throughout the tunnel.
  • an electrode having an opposite charge with respect to the electrodes connected to a negative high potential terminal may be installed within the inner wall or earth of the tunnel by grounding a high positive potential terminal of the source of high potential or by grounding the positive terminal to a rail on which a movable source of high voltage is carried.
  • a pulsating voltage may be applied to the electrodes.
  • Such a pulsating voltage may be applied to the electrodes by manually or automatically switching on and off the power switch with the cycle of pulsation preferably less than 1,000 cycles per second and normally less than 100 cycles per second.
  • a charging portion of the present system is provided for removing the particles of floating dust and mist produced upon excavation of a tunnel and includes a suspension type insulating sleeve 11 of cross shape through which the high potential cable 7 is inserted and is suspended at the end portions 13 of the sleeve 11 such that wires 8 utilized as electrodes are bared at the end portions thereof, and a suspension member 12 is connected to the center of the sleeve 11 for suspending the sleeve from the top of the tunnel.
  • the wires 8 are connected to a source of high potential 14 for supplying a negative high potential to the electrodes 8, which source comprises, for example, a high voltage power supply including a step-up transformer 15, a selenium rectifier l6, and a capacitor 17 or a rectifying circuit of the Cockcroft and Walton type of selenium rectifier and capacitor.
  • Wheels 18 may be provided for moving the system on rails 19 within the tunnel and a power switch 20 and circuit breaker 21 may also be provided as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • An electronic switching circuit (not shown) may also be provided for producing a pulsating high voltage to the system.
  • a mist as described within this application would include a fog generated as a result of supersaturation in which a vapor is converted into a dew in the case of percent humidity within the atmosphere.
  • the electrode may preferably be provided to the excavator so as to form an electric field within the tunnel in order to remove the particles of dust and mist which have covered the excavator.
  • a method of removing particles of floating dust produced through blast excavation of a tunnel comprising the steps of:
  • a system for removing particles of floating dust produced during excavation of a tunnel comprising:
  • said means for supporting said plurality of electrodes in substantially equidistant relation comprises a suspension type insulating sleeve having a plurality of arms spaced at equal angular intervals in a given plane.

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  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
US22336A 1969-12-29 1970-03-24 Method and system for removing particles of floating dusts produced upon an excavation of a tunnel Expired - Lifetime US3695001A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP127169 1969-12-29

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US (1) US3695001A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1238438A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3894852A (en) * 1973-06-16 1975-07-15 Berckheim Graf Von Electrode arrangement for establishing a steady or constant electric field
US5578112A (en) * 1995-06-01 1996-11-26 999520 Ontario Limited Modular and low power ionizer
US6287368B1 (en) * 1989-08-25 2001-09-11 Oy Airtunnel Ltd. Apparatus for the purification of air flue gases, or equivalent
US20040187681A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Takashi Kishioka Local cleaning system for constructing clean shielded space with no need for dedicated partition wall, using charged air shower unit providing ion wind and local exhaust device
CN104677419A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2015-06-03 浙江科技学院 全方位定量化的隧道爆破气尘快速监测装置
CN113588190A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2021-11-02 四川藏区高速公路有限责任公司 爆破施工对邻近既有隧道的振动响应试验装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003204138B2 (en) * 2003-05-07 2013-07-18 Puriscience Pty Ltd Electronic Purification of Air in Tunnels
CN104807962B (zh) * 2015-04-21 2016-04-06 浙江科技学院 一种复合可移动式的隧道爆破气尘实时监测装置
WO2020113269A1 (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 Puriscience Pty Ltd Electronic purification of air in mines

Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US342548A (en) * 1886-05-25 Alfred osten walker
US895729A (en) * 1907-07-09 1908-08-11 Int Precipitation Co Art of separating suspended particles from gaseous bodies.
DE519310C (de) * 1931-02-26 Wilhelm Oberfohren Vorrichtung zur Staubbeseitigung im Grubenbetrieb
DE581067C (de) * 1933-07-20 Alfred Tueffert Absaugung der Grubengasnester in den Firstausbruechen der Strecken
US1959374A (en) * 1932-10-01 1934-05-22 Int Precipitation Co Method and apparatus for electrical precipitation
US1978426A (en) * 1931-08-08 1934-10-30 Int Precipitation Co Apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids
US1982470A (en) * 1933-05-18 1934-11-27 Franks Wilbur Rounding Method of cleaning air in enclosed spaces
US2000017A (en) * 1930-04-05 1935-05-07 Siemens Ag Electrical cleaning of fluids
US2097233A (en) * 1934-03-31 1937-10-26 Research Corp Electrical deposition in pattern form
US2102006A (en) * 1937-03-23 1937-12-14 John E Jones Rock dust barrier
US2336625A (en) * 1940-12-02 1943-12-14 John L Milton Dust collector
US2868318A (en) * 1955-06-23 1959-01-13 William A Perkins Collection of airborne material by electrostatic precipitation
CH337178A (de) * 1955-04-07 1959-03-31 Eei Etabl Electrovit Internati Raum-Elektrofilteranlage zur Luftreinigung auf elektrostatischer Grundlage
US3289567A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-12-06 Renner Kurt Mine ventilating apparatus and method
US3417302A (en) * 1962-02-09 1968-12-17 Holger George Lueder Apparatus for the production of unipolar ions in the air of a room
GB1167981A (en) * 1966-02-02 1969-10-22 Alfred Hornig Electrode Device for Producing Electric Fields in Living Spaces to Clean the Air
US3541390A (en) * 1967-05-02 1970-11-17 Berckheim Graf Von Steady-field generating arrangement

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US342548A (en) * 1886-05-25 Alfred osten walker
DE519310C (de) * 1931-02-26 Wilhelm Oberfohren Vorrichtung zur Staubbeseitigung im Grubenbetrieb
DE581067C (de) * 1933-07-20 Alfred Tueffert Absaugung der Grubengasnester in den Firstausbruechen der Strecken
US895729A (en) * 1907-07-09 1908-08-11 Int Precipitation Co Art of separating suspended particles from gaseous bodies.
US2000017A (en) * 1930-04-05 1935-05-07 Siemens Ag Electrical cleaning of fluids
US1978426A (en) * 1931-08-08 1934-10-30 Int Precipitation Co Apparatus for electrical treatment of fluids
US1959374A (en) * 1932-10-01 1934-05-22 Int Precipitation Co Method and apparatus for electrical precipitation
US1982470A (en) * 1933-05-18 1934-11-27 Franks Wilbur Rounding Method of cleaning air in enclosed spaces
US2097233A (en) * 1934-03-31 1937-10-26 Research Corp Electrical deposition in pattern form
US2102006A (en) * 1937-03-23 1937-12-14 John E Jones Rock dust barrier
US2336625A (en) * 1940-12-02 1943-12-14 John L Milton Dust collector
CH337178A (de) * 1955-04-07 1959-03-31 Eei Etabl Electrovit Internati Raum-Elektrofilteranlage zur Luftreinigung auf elektrostatischer Grundlage
US2868318A (en) * 1955-06-23 1959-01-13 William A Perkins Collection of airborne material by electrostatic precipitation
US3417302A (en) * 1962-02-09 1968-12-17 Holger George Lueder Apparatus for the production of unipolar ions in the air of a room
US3289567A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-12-06 Renner Kurt Mine ventilating apparatus and method
GB1167981A (en) * 1966-02-02 1969-10-22 Alfred Hornig Electrode Device for Producing Electric Fields in Living Spaces to Clean the Air
US3541390A (en) * 1967-05-02 1970-11-17 Berckheim Graf Von Steady-field generating arrangement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
German Printed Application No. 1,135,400, printed Aug. 30, 1962, KL5d2/01, 1 sheet dwg., 2 pp. spec.). *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3894852A (en) * 1973-06-16 1975-07-15 Berckheim Graf Von Electrode arrangement for establishing a steady or constant electric field
US6287368B1 (en) * 1989-08-25 2001-09-11 Oy Airtunnel Ltd. Apparatus for the purification of air flue gases, or equivalent
US5578112A (en) * 1995-06-01 1996-11-26 999520 Ontario Limited Modular and low power ionizer
US6056808A (en) * 1995-06-01 2000-05-02 Dkw International Inc. Modular and low power ionizer
US20040187681A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Takashi Kishioka Local cleaning system for constructing clean shielded space with no need for dedicated partition wall, using charged air shower unit providing ion wind and local exhaust device
US7052531B2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2006-05-30 Takashi Kishioka Local cleaning system for constructing clean shielded space with no need for dedicated partition wall, using charged air shower unit providing ion wind and local exhaust device
CN104677419A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2015-06-03 浙江科技学院 全方位定量化的隧道爆破气尘快速监测装置
CN104677419B (zh) * 2015-01-29 2017-07-21 浙江科技学院 全方位定量化的隧道爆破气尘快速监测装置
CN113588190A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2021-11-02 四川藏区高速公路有限责任公司 爆破施工对邻近既有隧道的振动响应试验装置

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