US3694981A - Means for attaching slabs and tiles on building structures - Google Patents

Means for attaching slabs and tiles on building structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3694981A
US3694981A US40928A US3694981DA US3694981A US 3694981 A US3694981 A US 3694981A US 40928 A US40928 A US 40928A US 3694981D A US3694981D A US 3694981DA US 3694981 A US3694981 A US 3694981A
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United States
Prior art keywords
building structure
cleat
strip
generally
slabs
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US40928A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gottfried Cremer
Joachim Kraus
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Fetok GmbH
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Fetok GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Fetok GmbH filed Critical Fetok GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
    • E04F19/06—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements

Definitions

  • anchoring strips have jaws or check pieces adapted to receive holding 1,772,417 1930 Ellmwood 52/502 Strips, also of Tsection, which When fitted i the 1,937,843 1933 Randall ..52/481 anchoring Strips overlap adjacent edges of the tiles or ls-lteeren ft Slabs and hold them in place om e a 2,066,205 1936 Keating ..52/489 2 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures MEANS FOR ATTACHING SLABS AND TILES ON BUILDING STRUCTURES FIELD TO WHICH INVENTION RELATES
  • the present invention relates to the attachment of ceramic tiles and more particularly large ceramic surfacing slabs to a building structure. Preferably an intermediate space or air space is left between the rear side of the slab or tile and the building structure.
  • One object of the invention is to provide means for providing an attachment of slabs or tiles which makes it possible to replace the slabs or tiles at any time if they should be destroyed or damaged.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a means for attaching slabs or tiles which meets all requirements as regards a slab or tile facade which has a ventilation space between it and the rest of the building and may, if required, be made air-tight.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide an attachment means which provides for sealing the joints between the tile or slabs without hindering relative movement between them.
  • the attachment means in accordance with the invention is more particularly suitable for all wall and ceiling coverings which are spaced from the underlying or overlying building structure.
  • the present invention comprises a device for attaching slabs of ceramic material on a building structure comprising anchoring strips of T-section adapted for fixation to the building structure along lines to be overlain by the edges of the slabs, and T-section holding strips arranged to overlap the edges of the slabs to hold them in position and which extend between the edges of the slabs connect with the anchoring strips by to one of the strips fitting into the other so that the holding strips are held in position.
  • the anchoring strips are not directly attached to the building structure but on the web of a U- section girder or U-shaped cleat, whose limbs are connected with the limbs of a mounting cleat or girder of U-shaped section whose web or cross-piece is attached to the building structure.
  • the anchoring strips are preferably of folded sheet metal and are hollow.
  • each holding strip is adapted to fit into the opening between jaw or cheek pieces of the anchoring strips.
  • These male and female parts can be rounded in order to allow detachment of the holding strips from the anchoring strips more easily, though they can also be angular in section so that the gripping force is greater.
  • the holding strips can be made with wing-like flange portions so as to present a pleasing beading effect.
  • a L-section strip is provided for covering the free edges of the slabs of ceramic material, its upper edge being bent inwards in accordance with the construction of the holding strips.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wall cladding structure held in place along a wall of a building in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. la shows a wall cladding structure held in place at the corner of a building in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2a is a cross-section through an anchoring strip used to hold the wall cladding structure in place along a wall of a building.
  • FIG. 2b shows a holding strip in cross-section to be used with the anchoring strip illustrated in FIG. 2a to hold the wall cladding structure in place along a wall of a building.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show a anchoring strip and a holding strip in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an edge strip in cross-section used to hold the wall cladding structure in place at a corner of the wall of a building.
  • each of these cleats 4 carries an anchoring strip 5 which is shown in detail in FIGS. 2a and 3a in two embodiments and will be described presently in more detail in connection with these figures.
  • Each strip Shave T-shaped anchoring jaws or cheek pieces formed in its stern portion constituting a female connecting part into which a holding strip 6 is inserted which is of a generally T-shaped cross-section and has ends or arms 15, 16 which form wing-like flanges to engage the edge portions of ceramic slabs 2 or tiles to hold them in place.
  • Reference numeral 7 denotes filling or insulating slabs.
  • the fixation at an arris that is to say at the end of a series of slabs 2 is shown.
  • a generally L-shaped edge strip 8 is attached which has a flange or limb 9 attached to a holding strip 10 which, like the holding anchoring strip 5, is mounted on the cleat 4.
  • the outer edge of the edge trip 8 is bent round forming an arm 17 as is the case with the holding strips 6.
  • distance pieces 11 can be provided between the filling 7 and the slabs 2.
  • FIG. 1 The embodiment of the anchoring and holding strips shown in FIG. 1 corresponds with the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • the generally T- shaped anchoring strip 5 is made of folded sheet metal having a mounted flange 20 and ends 12 and 13 in its stem portion broadened out to form an opening into which a suitably rounded part 14 on the holding strip 6 extends.
  • the ends or arms 15 and 16 of the generally T- shaped holding strip 6 are also rounded.
  • edge strip 8 there is a rounded shaped arm of edge strip 8 in accordance with FIG. 4, as denoted by reference numeral 17 which is adapted to engage the end portions of the ceramic slabs or tiles 2 to hold them in place.
  • the anchoring strip is also made of folded sheet metal.
  • the check pieces are, how ever, not of rounded shape as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a but are angles as indicated by reference numeral 18.
  • the angular construction 19 is also employed in the case of the holding strip 6'. In-this case the holding strip 6 is held more securely in the anchoring strip 5' than is the case with the construction of the holding strip 6 and anchoring strip 5 shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • the attachment means in accordance with the invention can be very easily applied. It is firstnecessary to attach the cleats 3 on the building structure 1, 1a using, for instance, conventional mechanical attachment and connecting means as for example plugged holes, screws, and rivets. If suitable it is also possible to use an appropriate adhesive or mortar connection. After attaching cleat 3 to the building structure 1, 1a the cleat 4 is positioned relative to the cleat 3 so that the limbs 21 of cleat '3 are in slidable juxtaposition with the limbs 22 of cleat 3.
  • the cleat 4 can be moved relative to cleat 3providing adjustability of the cleat 4 in both a plane of the cladding and in a plane perpendicular to the cladding, thus making it a simple matter to allow for all uneveness in the building structure 1, 1a, and to provide adequate space between the building structure and the slabs or tiles for any insulation or filling material that may be used.
  • Cleat 4 is then attached to cleat 3 by welding screwing, bolting, riveting or any other means in accordance with the nature of the material from which the cleats are fabricated, the limbs 21 to the limbs 22.
  • the anchoring strips 5 are attached to the cleats 4 aligned in the plane of the cladding to be produced.
  • the same means can be used for attaching the anchoring strips 5 to the cleats 4 as used to attach the cleats 3 and 4 together.
  • the anchoring strips 5 are arranged with the appropriate center distances having regard to the size of the tiles. Changes can be made in the anchoring spacing of the strips 5 as required within a certain tolerance range.
  • the anchoring strips 5 are cut if required to have the desired lengths.,After placing the tiles in position it is now only necessary to press the holding strips 6 in position in the manner of press studs.
  • the generally L-shaped holding strip and the gen'erally L-shaped edge strip 8 are used in place of the anchor strip 5 and holding strip 6, respectfully, at the edge of the building structure to be clad, as for example at the top, bottom, or vertical edge of the building structure.
  • the holding strip 10 may be affixed to the cleat 4 in the same manner as anchoring strip 5 is affixed to cleat 4, that is by any means appropriate to the material from which the holding strip 10 and cleat 4 are made, -fo,r example by welding, bolting, screwing or riveting.
  • the ,,edge strip 8 is then oriented with the building structure such that the arm 17 of the edge strip 8 overlapsthe surface of the building structure to be clad andv the, limb 9 of the edge strip 8 is oriented to be adjacentthe holding strip 10.
  • the limb 9 of the edge strip. 8 is affixed to the holding strip 10 in a manner similar to that used to affix anchoring strip 5 to cleat 4.
  • the edge strips 8 are preferably applied at an earlier stage so that the laying off the tiles or slabs 2 can be begun at an edge strip 8 placed along the bottom side,
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 using tiles or slabs 2 on the building structure not only provides a suitable air space between the rear face of the tiles or slabs and the surface of the building structure, but also allows for the provision of an additional insulating layer.
  • Insulation material may be used in the space betweenthe building structure and the cladding.
  • the procedure for installing the cleats, anchoring strips, tiles or slabs and the'holding strips remains as described above, however, the methods of installing the insulation will vary depending on the type of insulation used. If an insulating material that is used is in the form of a solid slab, or mat, as for example a woven fiberglas, then it must be cut to fit around the cleats, end strips, holding strip, and anchoring strips as the cladding is being erected.
  • a particularly advantageous feature of the arrangement in accordance with the invention is that it is very adaptable and by mutually ofisetting of the cleats 3 and 4 allows for the distance between the strips 6 and the building structure proper to be varied.
  • means for attaching cleat 3 to cleat 4 are preferably comprised of slotted openings in the limbs 21, 22, which slots are oriented to be substantially perpendicular to the face of the building structure when the cleat is placed against the structure.
  • Conventional fasteners may be used, such as nuts and bolts, to fasten the cleat 3 to cleat 4 through the slotted openings in their limbs 20, 21.
  • the cleat 4 may then be displaced relative to cleat 3 in a direction perpendicular to the face of the building structure after the fastener is installed in position in the slotted openings in the limbs of the cleats. It can be seen in the case of the embodiment shown that individual slabs or tiles 2 can be replaced as may be required.
  • the cleats 3 and 4 may be of any length desired, the length, to an extent, depending upon the esthetic effect desired in the cladding. For example, if it is desiredto have the seams between adjacent slabs of ceramic material staggered the cleats may be of the same length, or shorter than the width of the slabs of ceramic material. If it is desired to have the seams between adjacent ceramic material in line with each other the cleats may be as long as the surface of the building structure to be clad. Other factors which may have an effect on the length of the cleats are the capacity of the equipment to produce them, and the capacity of the equipment and men used to install it on a building structure.
  • a device for attaching slabs of ceramic material on a building structure defining a space between said building structure and said slabs suitable for the installation therein of an insulating filling which comprises:
  • At least one generally U-shaped first cleat having two limbs, said cleat being secured to a surface of said building structure such that said limbs extend in a generally perpendicular direction away from said surface of said building structure;
  • At least one generally U-shaped second cleat having two limbs, said second cleat being positioned relative to said first cleat such that said limbs of said second cleat extend in a generally perpendicular direction toward said surface of said building structure, and are in slidable juxtaposition with said limbs forming said first cleat;
  • At least one generally T-shaped anchoring strip having a stem portion and two arms disposed perpendicular to said stem portion, said anchoring strip being secured to a surface of said second cleat most remote from the surface of said building structure such that said stem portion is disposed in a generally perpendicular direction away from said surface of said building structure;
  • At least one generally T-shaped holding strip having a stem portion which engages said stem portion of said anchoring strip, and having two arms perpendicular to said stem portion which are oriented in a plane generally parallel with said surface of said building structure when said stem of said holding strip is engaged in said stem portion of said anchoring strip,- said arms each engaging an end portion of one of said slabs to be attached to said building structure exerting a force on said slabs in a direction toward the surface of said building structure to hold them in place thereon;
  • At least one generally L-shaped holding strip having two legs, one leg to be affixed to at least one of said U-shaped cleats;
  • said generally T-shaped anchoring strip has jaws formed in said stem portion
  • said generally T-shaped holding strip has a form in said stem portion which is inserted in, and engaged by said jaws said stem of said T-shaped anchoring strip to affix said holding strip to said anchoring strip.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
US40928A 1969-05-28 1970-05-27 Means for attaching slabs and tiles on building structures Expired - Lifetime US3694981A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691927195 DE1927195A1 (de) 1969-05-28 1969-05-28 Vorrichtung zum Befestigen von insbesondere grossflaechigen,keramischen Platten

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DE (1) DE1927195A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2043727A1 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0702119A2 (de) 1994-09-15 1996-03-20 William S. Shaw Bausystem für Wände und Dächer
US5692345A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-12-02 Toto Ltd. Panel joining mechanism
US5802789A (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-09-08 Steelcase, Inc. Partition construction including removable cover panels
US6622448B1 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-09-23 University Of Central Florida Batt insulation hold-down clips
US20040010998A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-01-22 Angelo Turco Building panel, assembly and method
US20060075710A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-13 Ig Creative Solutions Housing construction system
US20090188195A1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2009-07-30 Mcgee Wayne Panelized Ceiling System
US20100115878A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-13 Anatoly Gosis Spring bracket for framing stud installation
US7793477B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2010-09-14 Epic Metals Corporation Roof deck and method of manufacturing a clip
US20110072744A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2011-03-31 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US20120186178A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 Gregory Westra Wall insulation system and a method of installing the same
GB2536954A (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-05 Gbt Design Services Ltd A wall frame assembly and wall assembly

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2708699A1 (de) * 1977-03-01 1978-09-07 Vki Rheinhold & Mahla Ag Vorrichtung zur befestigung einer verkleidung auf einer wand
DE2730186C2 (de) * 1977-07-04 1983-03-24 M. Faist Kg, 8908 Krumbach Verwendung von aus elastischem bzw. schwingungsdämpfendem Material bestehenden tüllartigen Lagerkörpern bei Bauwerksbekleidungen o.dgl.
DE2924108A1 (de) * 1979-06-15 1980-12-18 Ickler Ag Tragblock fuer fassadenverkleidungen
EP0166012B1 (de) * 1984-06-25 1988-03-30 Walter Dipl.-Ing. Haase Halterung für eine hinterlüftbare Bauwerksverkleidung

Citations (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1772417A (en) * 1928-07-20 1930-08-05 George G Ellinwood Fastening device for wall boards
US1937843A (en) * 1931-02-24 1933-12-05 Detroit Steel Products Co Supporting means for insulating materials
US1997581A (en) * 1932-07-30 1935-04-16 United States Gypsum Co Acoustical ceiling construction
US1997605A (en) * 1932-05-14 1935-04-16 United States Gypsum Co Membrane unit building construction
US2066205A (en) * 1935-09-11 1936-12-29 Paul J Keating Wallboard securing means
GB462070A (en) * 1935-12-24 1937-03-02 Projectile & Engineering Compa Improvements in or relating to built-up box-section girders or frame members
US2447694A (en) * 1944-07-06 1948-08-24 Harold L Finch Ceiling and wall construction
FI29597A (fi) * 1958-03-10 Kevytbetoni Oy Seinärakenteissa käytettäväksi tarkoitettu laatta
US2841255A (en) * 1955-03-03 1958-07-01 Kemp William George Acoustical system
US2862585A (en) * 1955-09-26 1958-12-02 Henry A Mcchesney Building panel structure and clip therefor
FR1255948A (fr) * 1959-11-06 1961-03-17 Panneaux autoportants et porteurs à usage de bâtiments préfabriqués et de mursrideaux permettant la continuité de façade
CA649904A (en) * 1962-10-09 A. Engholm Raymond Curtain wall frame construction
US3256668A (en) * 1962-10-01 1966-06-21 Leonard O Downes Partitions with panels secured to framing members by resilient clips
US3292328A (en) * 1962-06-08 1966-12-20 Stanley T Lewis Self-supporting panel partition with magnetic latch means therefor
US3420032A (en) * 1965-09-29 1969-01-07 Smith Corp A O Locking lance tab pre-assembly of box-section frame member

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA649904A (en) * 1962-10-09 A. Engholm Raymond Curtain wall frame construction
FI29597A (fi) * 1958-03-10 Kevytbetoni Oy Seinärakenteissa käytettäväksi tarkoitettu laatta
US1772417A (en) * 1928-07-20 1930-08-05 George G Ellinwood Fastening device for wall boards
US1937843A (en) * 1931-02-24 1933-12-05 Detroit Steel Products Co Supporting means for insulating materials
US1997605A (en) * 1932-05-14 1935-04-16 United States Gypsum Co Membrane unit building construction
US1997581A (en) * 1932-07-30 1935-04-16 United States Gypsum Co Acoustical ceiling construction
US2066205A (en) * 1935-09-11 1936-12-29 Paul J Keating Wallboard securing means
GB462070A (en) * 1935-12-24 1937-03-02 Projectile & Engineering Compa Improvements in or relating to built-up box-section girders or frame members
US2447694A (en) * 1944-07-06 1948-08-24 Harold L Finch Ceiling and wall construction
US2841255A (en) * 1955-03-03 1958-07-01 Kemp William George Acoustical system
US2862585A (en) * 1955-09-26 1958-12-02 Henry A Mcchesney Building panel structure and clip therefor
FR1255948A (fr) * 1959-11-06 1961-03-17 Panneaux autoportants et porteurs à usage de bâtiments préfabriqués et de mursrideaux permettant la continuité de façade
US3292328A (en) * 1962-06-08 1966-12-20 Stanley T Lewis Self-supporting panel partition with magnetic latch means therefor
US3256668A (en) * 1962-10-01 1966-06-21 Leonard O Downes Partitions with panels secured to framing members by resilient clips
US3420032A (en) * 1965-09-29 1969-01-07 Smith Corp A O Locking lance tab pre-assembly of box-section frame member

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5692345A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-12-02 Toto Ltd. Panel joining mechanism
EP0702119A3 (de) * 1994-09-15 1997-10-22 William S Shaw Bausystem für Wände und Dächer
US5709058A (en) * 1994-09-15 1998-01-20 Shaw; William S. Wall construction system employing covering tiles
EP0702119A2 (de) 1994-09-15 1996-03-20 William S. Shaw Bausystem für Wände und Dächer
US5802789A (en) * 1996-12-17 1998-09-08 Steelcase, Inc. Partition construction including removable cover panels
US20040010998A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-01-22 Angelo Turco Building panel, assembly and method
US6622448B1 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-09-23 University Of Central Florida Batt insulation hold-down clips
US7793477B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2010-09-14 Epic Metals Corporation Roof deck and method of manufacturing a clip
US20110072744A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2011-03-31 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US7810294B2 (en) * 2004-09-29 2010-10-12 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US20060075710A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-13 Ig Creative Solutions Housing construction system
US8820018B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2014-09-02 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US9410318B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2016-08-09 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US10161131B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2018-12-25 IG Creative Solutions Inc. Housing construction system
US10900227B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2021-01-26 Ig Creative Solutions, Inc. Housing construction system
US20090188195A1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2009-07-30 Mcgee Wayne Panelized Ceiling System
US20100115878A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-13 Anatoly Gosis Spring bracket for framing stud installation
US20120186178A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 Gregory Westra Wall insulation system and a method of installing the same
GB2536954A (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-05 Gbt Design Services Ltd A wall frame assembly and wall assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1927195A1 (de) 1970-12-10
FR2043727A1 (de) 1971-02-19

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