US3693698A - Method of casting volatile metals - Google Patents

Method of casting volatile metals Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3693698A
US3693698A US811450A US3693698DA US3693698A US 3693698 A US3693698 A US 3693698A US 811450 A US811450 A US 811450A US 3693698D A US3693698D A US 3693698DA US 3693698 A US3693698 A US 3693698A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
pressure
mold
molten material
chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US811450A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Angel Tontchev Balevski
Ivan Dimov Nikolov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institute po Metaloznanie i Technologia na Metalite
Original Assignee
Institute po Metaloznanie i Technologia na Metalite
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute po Metaloznanie i Technologia na Metalite filed Critical Institute po Metaloznanie i Technologia na Metalite
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3693698A publication Critical patent/US3693698A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of casting of metals wherein the metal is heated under a pressure sufficient to prevent evaporation or disassociation, is transferred to a mold while the pressure is maintained and is finally cooled under the aforementioned pressure. Thereafter, the pressure is reduced to allow removal of the cast article.
  • the invention relates to a method and an installation for obtaining castings from materials which evaporate or disassociate intensively at the temperature at which it is poured in the mold or from materials which may contain components which evaporate or dissociate intensively at that temperature, or even before this temperature is reached.
  • the evaporation or the dissociation is limited to a certain extent by covering the surface of the molten material by a layer of flux or surface-active protective means.
  • the layer of flux hinders the outflow of vapors or the disintegrated products of the molten material, but only until the vapor, or the dissociational pressure, reaches the atmospheric pressure. At higher pressure the flux layer breaks through and in this way loses its protective effect.
  • the melting of the components inside an autoclave creates the possibility of obtaining the alloy under an increased pressure, at least equal to or higher than the vapor pressure of the easily evaporating component at the temperature necessary for obtaining of the alloy or, respectively, the dissociation pressure of the easily-diassociating material.
  • the autoclave melting however still does not solve the problem for obtaining castings of such material, because when the pressure is lowered the molds are poured at atmospheric pressure, the above-described undesirable effect of evaporation or dissociation of the easily evaporating or easily dissociating components will inevitably take place.
  • the foundry mold and the connection pipes represent only a theoretical possibility for solving this problem, as the realization would be an extremely expensive arrangement which in principle would be in a position to make only single castings.
  • the object of the invention is a method for obtaining castings by which the above-described disadvantages are eliminated, i.e., a method for obtaining of castings from materials in an arbitrary interrelation between the temperatures of melting, or evaporation or of dissociation of these materials or of their components.
  • this is achieved by carrying out the entire process from the point of heating of the initial solid material or components thereof for melting, or at their combining together, in order to obtain the cast material, up to the point of the removal of the solidified castings from the foundry mold under a regulated gas pressure.
  • the gas which exerts thepressure is selected according to its chemical attitude towards the melted components, as the magnitude of the pressure is regulated according to the requirements of the individual phases of the process itself, but always remains sufficiently large in order to prevent an evaporation, or a dissociation. At that, the pressure continues to act above the molten material even then, when it ceases to act above the solidified casting.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an installation for the realization of the method according to the invention, in which the molten material is introduced into the mold under the action of a gas pressure;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are vertical sections of an installation acting gravitationally.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical section of an installation with a piston pressure.
  • the material to be poured, or its components, is placed in the crucible 1 which, together with the heating device 2, is closed hermetically in the chamber 3.
  • the pipe 4 intended for pouring of the molten material closed by the device 5 in such manner that with the gradual increase of the temperature inside the chamber 3 the pressure in it may be raised by feeding a cornpressed gas from the reservoir 6 through the valves 7 and 8.
  • the valve 9 is closed, while the valve 12 is opened, so that the chamber 10 is under the atmospheric pressure, which permits necessary auxiliary operations using the foundry mold 11.
  • the chamber 10 and the mould 11 are isolated from the atmosphere by closing the valve 12 and gas is fed to them from the reservoir 6 through the valve 9. In this way a constant gas pressure is created in the entire system which is sufficiently high in order to prevent evaporation or dissociation of the molten material.
  • the partition 5 may be removed.
  • the molten material rises inside the feeding pipe 4' and fills the mould l1.
  • the pressure inside the chamber 3 and chamber 10 equalize anew, for instance by an increase of the pressure inside the chamber 10 up to the pressure inside the chamber 3, at which the molten material inside the feeding pipe returns into the reservoirl for the molten material.
  • the partition 5 may be closed and inside the chamber 10 for the foundry mold, steps may be taken for an accelerated cooling of the filled mold 11; after the solidification of the casting the pressure is dropped by closing the valve 9 and opening the valve 12. After this is done the completed casting may be taken out of the mold 11. The process is repeated as after replacing ofv the empty mold, the pressure inside the chamber 10 being raised again by opening of the partition 5 and a new portion of the molten material being forced into disassociation mold 11.
  • the process may be carried out in practice without losses due to evaporation or diassociation if the free surface of the molten material in the reservoir 1 is protected by a layer of expediently selected flux.
  • the protective flux layer remains unbroken and no elimination of vapor or of products of dissociation will take place.
  • An equivalent embodiment of the installation for the realization of the method may be obtained by a hermetical enclosure of the crucible containing the melted founding material. In such a case by analogous control of the pressure inside the crucible the same process may be realized, as the heating device and the chamber in which it is placed, may be left free under atmospheric pressure.
  • the components of the founding material placed in the crucible 1 of the installation shown in FIG 2, are heated by means of the heating device 2 and thy are subjected under the action of the gas pressure given rise to by the gas reservoir 6 on opening of the valves 7, 8 and 9, this pressure being sufficiently large so that it does not allow the evaporation or the disassociation of the founding material, or any of its components at the temperature which must be reached in order to fulfill the pouring of the material.
  • the arrangement is revolved to the position shown at FIG. 3, with the partition 5 kept opened, in order to fill in gravitationally the foundry mould 11 with the molten material.
  • the partition 5 is closed.
  • this closing may be done after revolving of the arrangement back to the original position (FIG. 2) and by closing of the valve 9 and opening of the valve 12, the already solidified casting may be taken out of the mold 11, which is not under pressure.
  • a dosage cylinder 13 (FIG. 4) with a moving piston 14, then part of the molten material, which has found its way into this cylindrical by the action of the difference of the gas pressures, may be forced into the mold by displacing the piston 14.
  • a dosage cylinder has a predetermined displacement per stroke to control material feed.
  • the valve 15 makes it possible for the pressure behind the piston 14 to equalize with the pressure inside the melting chamber 3 inorder to enable the return of the remaining molten material in the feeding pipe back to the reservoir.
  • atmospheric pressure is established inside the chamber 10 by the closing of the valve 9 and by opening of the valve 12. Then the casting may be taken out of the mold 11.
  • Every one of the described installations may be applied for casting of reaction-active materials, by chosing a neutral, respectively a reduction protective gaseous medium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
US811450A 1968-04-05 1969-03-28 Method of casting volatile metals Expired - Lifetime US3693698A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BG974968 1968-04-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3693698A true US3693698A (en) 1972-09-26

Family

ID=3897293

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US811450A Expired - Lifetime US3693698A (en) 1968-04-05 1969-03-28 Method of casting volatile metals

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3693698A (xx)
AT (1) AT292933B (xx)
BE (1) BE731038A (xx)
CH (1) CH507760A (xx)
DE (1) DE1917356A1 (xx)
DK (1) DK128441B (xx)
FR (1) FR2005617A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1261753A (xx)
LU (1) LU58324A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL156947B (xx)
NO (1) NO132527C (xx)
SE (1) SE365437B (xx)
SU (1) SU438161A3 (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5238567A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-03-25 Asahi Dow Ltd Method of injection molding thermoplastic resin product
US4550763A (en) * 1980-12-11 1985-11-05 Institute Po Metaloznanie I Technologia Na Metalite Method and machine for pressure diecasting
US4917359A (en) * 1987-03-30 1990-04-17 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Apparatus for making hypereutectic Al-Si alloy composite materials
US5226946A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-07-13 Howmet Corporation Vacuum melting/casting method to reduce inclusions

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BG22157A1 (xx) * 1975-10-27 1977-05-20
JPS58209464A (ja) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-06 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 層状複合金属板素材の製造方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434775A (en) * 1943-05-08 1948-01-20 Sosnick Benjamin Process for making foamlike mass of metal
GB989353A (en) * 1961-01-26 1965-04-14 Bulgarska Akademia Na Naukite Method of casting under pressure
US3196501A (en) * 1961-01-26 1965-07-27 Balgarska Akademia Na Naukite Apparatus and method for metal casting
US3380509A (en) * 1964-08-17 1968-04-30 Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke Method of pressure treatment of metallic melts, especially steel melts
US3420291A (en) * 1965-12-29 1969-01-07 Trw Inc Method for reducing metal casting porosity
US3532154A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-10-06 Inst Po Metalloznanie I Tekno Method and apparatus for casting utilizing fluid pressure differentials

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434775A (en) * 1943-05-08 1948-01-20 Sosnick Benjamin Process for making foamlike mass of metal
GB989353A (en) * 1961-01-26 1965-04-14 Bulgarska Akademia Na Naukite Method of casting under pressure
US3196501A (en) * 1961-01-26 1965-07-27 Balgarska Akademia Na Naukite Apparatus and method for metal casting
US3380509A (en) * 1964-08-17 1968-04-30 Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke Method of pressure treatment of metallic melts, especially steel melts
US3420291A (en) * 1965-12-29 1969-01-07 Trw Inc Method for reducing metal casting porosity
US3532154A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-10-06 Inst Po Metalloznanie I Tekno Method and apparatus for casting utilizing fluid pressure differentials

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5238567A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-03-25 Asahi Dow Ltd Method of injection molding thermoplastic resin product
JPS5842823B2 (ja) * 1975-09-22 1983-09-22 旭化成株式会社 熱可塑性樹脂成形品の射出成形方法
US4550763A (en) * 1980-12-11 1985-11-05 Institute Po Metaloznanie I Technologia Na Metalite Method and machine for pressure diecasting
US4917359A (en) * 1987-03-30 1990-04-17 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Apparatus for making hypereutectic Al-Si alloy composite materials
US5226946A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-07-13 Howmet Corporation Vacuum melting/casting method to reduce inclusions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT292933B (de) 1971-09-10
NO132527B (xx) 1975-08-18
BE731038A (xx) 1969-09-15
DE1917356A1 (de) 1969-10-23
NL6905344A (xx) 1969-10-07
CH507760A (de) 1971-05-31
NL156947B (nl) 1978-06-15
SU438161A3 (ru) 1974-07-30
LU58324A1 (xx) 1969-07-15
DK128441B (da) 1974-05-06
FR2005617A1 (xx) 1969-12-12
NO132527C (xx) 1975-11-26
GB1261753A (en) 1972-01-26
SE365437B (xx) 1974-03-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3900064A (en) Metal casting
US3547180A (en) Production of reinforced composites
US3863706A (en) Metal casting
US3690367A (en) Apparatus for the restructuring of metals
US944370A (en) Process and apparatus for making metal ingots.
GB1438693A (en) Metho- for producing directionally solidified castings
US3693698A (en) Method of casting volatile metals
JP2021191590A (ja) 反重力式金型充填方法および装置
US3628598A (en) Casting molds
US3814170A (en) Apparatus for melting and casting material under pressure
US2968848A (en) Method of casting refractory shells
US3650313A (en) Method for the production of castings from alloys of metals and gases
US4901781A (en) Method of casting a metal matrix composite
US3976118A (en) Method for casting material under pressure
US3344840A (en) Methods and apparatus for producing metal ingots
US3381742A (en) Metal casting and solidification
US2854716A (en) Method of adding lead to steel
GB1256058A (en) Apparatus and method for single cyrstal casting
US2248868A (en) Method and apparatus for preparing metal castings
US3123877A (en) Apparatus for and method of casting metal members
US3730252A (en) Process for pouring liquid melts from metallurgical vessels
US5048591A (en) Apparatus and method for use in casting
GB1138404A (en) Precision casting of high purity metals
USRE27945E (en) Apparatus for processing molten metal in a vacuum
US2983973A (en) Methods and apparatus for melting and casting metals in a vacuum