US3684318A - Fuel rail-injector interconnection - Google Patents

Fuel rail-injector interconnection Download PDF

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Publication number
US3684318A
US3684318A US39641A US3964170A US3684318A US 3684318 A US3684318 A US 3684318A US 39641 A US39641 A US 39641A US 3964170 A US3964170 A US 3964170A US 3684318 A US3684318 A US 3684318A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
recess
injector
bead
fuel rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US39641A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Clarence J Eckert
John W Moulds
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
General Motors Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Motors Corp filed Critical General Motors Corp
Priority to US39641A priority Critical patent/US3684318A/en
Priority to CA107705A priority patent/CA927232A/en
Priority to GB24516/71A priority patent/GB1279065A/en
Priority to JP46032559A priority patent/JPS4841163B2/ja
Priority to FR7118127A priority patent/FR2091778A5/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3684318A publication Critical patent/US3684318A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F02M61/145—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors the injection nozzle opening into the air intake conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/507—Adjusting spring tension by screwing spring seats

Definitions

  • a thermistor senses injector tip temperature [56] References Cited and controls the duration of energiz'ation of the solenoid to compensate for a reduction in fuel delivery at UNITED STATES PATENTS high temperatures 2,699,915 1/1955 Goepfrich ..285/305 X 1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure 2897 99 9: .16 a; Q a! a; s3 76 2 x 70 y 47?
  • This invention relates to a common rail type of internal combustion engine fuel injection system and provides an interconnection between the fuel rail and the fuel injector which permits the injector to be quickly and easily assembled to or removed from the engine.
  • a fuel injector discharges into an internal combustion engine induction passage 12 below the throttle 14 and against the back of the intake valve 16 for a combustion chamber 18.
  • lnjector 10 has a body 20 which is rolled over at one end 22 about a nozzle or tip 24. An 0 ring 26 is secured between body 20 and tip 24 to prevent leakage therebetween.
  • a plunger 28 is guided at 30 in a passage 32 through tip 24 and has a head 34 received in a passage 36 through body 20.
  • a central bore 38 through plunger 28 has lateral openings 40 and provides a fuel passage from body passage 36 to tip passage 32.
  • Plunger 28 has a valve member 42 which seats in a discharge orifice 44 in tip 24. As plunger head 34 and plunger 28 are lifted, fuel is discharged through orifice 44 into induction passage 12.
  • a solenoid 46 wound on a plastic spool 48 is received in injector body 20.
  • An 0" ring 50 provides a seal against fuel leakage between spool 48 and injector body 20.
  • the end 52 of injector body 20 is swaged over and retains an inlet fitting 54.
  • An 0 ring 55 provides a seal against fuel leakage between solenoid spool 48 and inlet fitting 54.
  • lnlet fitting 54 carries a threaded member 56 which may be adjusted to vary the pre-load on a spring 58 biasing plunger head 34 and plunger 28 to seat valve 42 in orifice 44.
  • plunger head 34 When solenoid 46 is energized, the force across an air gap 60 between plunger head 34 and the extension 61 of inlet fitting 54 raises plunger head 34 and plunger 28 to permit fuel flow through orifice 44.
  • a flange 62 on plunger 28 engages a spacer disc 64 to limit upward movement of plunger 28.
  • Inlet fitting 54 has a longitudinal passage 66 which connects with passage 36 to deliver fuel to nozzle or tip 24.
  • a pair of transverse openings 68 connect with longitudinal passage 66, and outwardly concave recesses 70 surround openings 68.
  • a pair of tubular fuel rail members 72 are received in recesses 70 and have end surfaces 74 which abut the bases 76 of recesses 70.
  • a pair of 0" rings 78 provide seals between the peripheral walls 80 of recesses 70 and the circumferential surfaces 82 of fuel rail members 72 to prevent fuel leakage therebetween.
  • Radially enlarged beads 84 on fuel rail members 72 are engaged by a retainer clamp 86.
  • Legs 88 of clamp 86 overlie recesses 70 and have fingers 90 which embrace fuel rail members 72 and abut beads 84 to prevent withdrawal of fuel rail members 72 from recesses 70.
  • a leg 92 of clamp 86 overlies the end 94 of inlet member 54 and has an aperture 96.
  • the shank 97 of retainer screw 98 extends through aperture 96 and is secured to inlet member 54 while the head 99 of screw 98 overlies leg 92.
  • An 0" ring 100 is secured between inlet member 54 and retainer screw 98.to prevent fuel leakage therebetween.
  • a fuel pump 102 supplies fuel from a tank 104 through fuel rail 72to longitudinal passage 66 within injector inlet fitting 54.
  • injector plunger 28 is lifted by solenoid 46, fuel passes through the wire cloth filter 106 and the longitudinal injector passages to the engine. Excess fuel is discharged through a pressure regulator 108 back to fuel tank 104.
  • lnjector 10 has a grommet 110 surrounding tip 24 and sealing tip 24 in the engine.
  • a clamp ring 112 is received in a recess 114 of injector body 20.
  • One of the screws also retains a spring clamp 122 which holds a thermistor 124 against injector body 20 and in heat exchange contact with injector nozzle or tip 24.
  • Thermistor 124 controls fuel metering as explained below.
  • solenoid 46 fuel is metered by controlling the duration of time solenoid 46 is energized to operate injector 10.
  • a signal generator 126 which nominally may be considered as a normally open switch, provides a negative voltage pulse during each cycle of the engine. This pulse is differentiated by a capacitor 128 into a negative going voltage spike which is delivered to the base 130 of a transistor 132. Transistor 132 thus ceases to conduct, and the voltage at its collector 134 increases to render atransistor 136 conductive. The voltage at the collector 138 of transistor 136 then drops and an amplifying transistor 140 stops conducting. The voltage at the collector 142 of transistor 140 is thereby increased, and solenoid 46 is energized to operate injector l0.
  • a primary winding 144 As transistor 136 starts conducting, current passes through aprimary winding 144.
  • Primary winding 144 is coupled, through a core 146 positioned by a manifold absolute pressure responsive transducer 148, with a secondary winding 150.
  • a voltage is induced in secondary winding 150 which biases base 130 of transistor 132 in a negative direction and holds transistor 132 in a non-conductive state.
  • the rate of change of current in primary winding 144 drops, and the voltage induced in secondary winding 150 reduces sufficiently to render transistor 132 conductive and terminate energization of solenoid 46.
  • thermistor 124 controls the impedance in the circuit of primary winding 144.
  • thermistor 124 together with resistors 152, 154, and 156, controls the current supplied to primary winding 144.
  • the resistance of thermistor 124 decreases as the temperature of injector tip 24 increases; this increases the current flow through primary winding 144 to lengthen the time that solenoid 46 is energized.
  • thermistor 124 be selected so that its resistance starts to decrease at 140 F. and so that the duration of energization of solenoid 46 increases linearly to a duration at 200 F. about 24 percent greater than the duration of 140 F. This will permit delivery of the proper amount of fuel through injector despite a decrease in fuel density due to formation of vapor bubbles.
  • this invention provides a construction which permits rapid assembly of the fuel rail and the injector
  • a fuel injector comprising a housing having a longitudinal passage for discharging fuel to an engine, a transverse passage extending into said housing adjacent one end thereof for admitting fuel to said longitudinal passage, and an outwardly concave recess surrounding said transverse passage, said recess having an annular radially inwardly extending base and a peripheral wall; an 0 ring received in said recess and sealingly engaging said peripheral wall; a tubular fuel rail received in said recess for delivering fuel to said transverse passage,
  • said fuel rail comprising an annular radially extending end surface abutting said base of said recess, a radially enlarged bead displaced axially from said end surface, said bead having an external diameter smaller than said recess and a circumferential surface disposed between said end surface and said bead and received by and sealingly engaging said O ring; said O"-ring substantially filling the space formed by said base, said bead, said peripheral wall and said circumferential surface a clamp member comprising a strip having first and second legs extending at right angles one to the other, said first leg overlying said recess and having finger portions embracing said fuel rail and abutting said bead on the side thereof opposite said end surface to thereby prevent withdrawal of said fuel rail from said recess, said second leg overlying said end of said injector and having an aperture therethrough; and a fastener having a head portion overlying said second leg and a shank portion threadedly received through said aperture by said housing, thereby securing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US39641A 1970-05-22 1970-05-22 Fuel rail-injector interconnection Expired - Lifetime US3684318A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39641A US3684318A (en) 1970-05-22 1970-05-22 Fuel rail-injector interconnection
CA107705A CA927232A (en) 1970-05-22 1971-03-15 Fuel rail-injector interconnection
GB24516/71A GB1279065A (en) 1970-05-22 1971-04-19 Fuel injection system
JP46032559A JPS4841163B2 (cs) 1970-05-22 1971-05-17
FR7118127A FR2091778A5 (cs) 1970-05-22 1971-05-19

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39641A US3684318A (en) 1970-05-22 1970-05-22 Fuel rail-injector interconnection

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3684318A true US3684318A (en) 1972-08-15

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ID=21906574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US39641A Expired - Lifetime US3684318A (en) 1970-05-22 1970-05-22 Fuel rail-injector interconnection

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3684318A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4841163B2 (cs)
CA (1) CA927232A (cs)
FR (1) FR2091778A5 (cs)
GB (1) GB1279065A (cs)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937499A (en) * 1974-09-23 1976-02-10 The Weatherhead Company Mounting for nonmetallic valves
DE2905842A1 (de) * 1978-03-06 1979-09-13 Bendix Corp Drosselgehaeuse
EP1217193A3 (en) * 2000-12-19 2004-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Electronic control of engine braking cycle
US20060254822A1 (en) * 2003-08-16 2006-11-16 Coupler Deveopments Limited Method and apparatus for adding a tubular to drill string with diverter
US20090025930A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-29 David Iblings Continuous flow drilling systems and methods
US20090090332A1 (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-09 Brehob Diana D Method and System to Mitigate Deposit Formation on a Direct Injector for a Gasoline-Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine
US9353587B2 (en) 2011-09-21 2016-05-31 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Three-way flow sub for continuous circulation
US9909513B2 (en) 2012-06-14 2018-03-06 Westport Power Inc. Fuel system protection in a multi-fuel system internal combustion engine
US10006262B2 (en) 2014-02-21 2018-06-26 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Continuous flow system for drilling oil and gas wells

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS585463A (ja) * 1981-07-02 1983-01-12 Hitachi Ltd 電磁式燃料噴射弁
DE3543901A1 (de) * 1985-12-12 1987-06-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer insbesondere selbstzuendende brennkraftmaschinen
FR2663993B1 (fr) * 1990-06-27 1994-09-16 Renault Dispositif d'alimentation et de montage des injecteurs a alimentation laterale d'un moteur a combustion interne.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441344A (en) * 1945-05-14 1948-05-11 Weatherhead Co Coupling
US2699915A (en) * 1953-12-29 1955-01-18 Skinner Chuck Company Valve bracket
US3215455A (en) * 1960-05-27 1965-11-02 Daimler Benz Ag Plug-in connections
US3282612A (en) * 1965-11-29 1966-11-01 Gilbert W Younger Tube retainer
US3298385A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-01-17 Well Completions Inc Constant circulating coupling device
US3560027A (en) * 1967-02-20 1971-02-02 Gra Tec Inc Coupling assembly

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441344A (en) * 1945-05-14 1948-05-11 Weatherhead Co Coupling
US2699915A (en) * 1953-12-29 1955-01-18 Skinner Chuck Company Valve bracket
US3215455A (en) * 1960-05-27 1965-11-02 Daimler Benz Ag Plug-in connections
US3298385A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-01-17 Well Completions Inc Constant circulating coupling device
US3282612A (en) * 1965-11-29 1966-11-01 Gilbert W Younger Tube retainer
US3560027A (en) * 1967-02-20 1971-02-02 Gra Tec Inc Coupling assembly

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937499A (en) * 1974-09-23 1976-02-10 The Weatherhead Company Mounting for nonmetallic valves
DE2905842A1 (de) * 1978-03-06 1979-09-13 Bendix Corp Drosselgehaeuse
EP1217193A3 (en) * 2000-12-19 2004-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Electronic control of engine braking cycle
US7726418B2 (en) 2003-08-16 2010-06-01 Coupler Development Limited Method and apparatus for adding a tubular to drill string with diverter
US20060254822A1 (en) * 2003-08-16 2006-11-16 Coupler Deveopments Limited Method and apparatus for adding a tubular to drill string with diverter
US20090025930A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-29 David Iblings Continuous flow drilling systems and methods
US8016033B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2011-09-13 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Continuous flow drilling systems and methods
US8720545B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2014-05-13 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Continuous flow drilling systems and methods
US9151124B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2015-10-06 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Continuous flow drilling systems and methods
US20090090332A1 (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-09 Brehob Diana D Method and System to Mitigate Deposit Formation on a Direct Injector for a Gasoline-Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine
US9353587B2 (en) 2011-09-21 2016-05-31 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Three-way flow sub for continuous circulation
US10107053B2 (en) 2011-09-21 2018-10-23 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Three-way flow sub for continuous circulation
US9909513B2 (en) 2012-06-14 2018-03-06 Westport Power Inc. Fuel system protection in a multi-fuel system internal combustion engine
US10006262B2 (en) 2014-02-21 2018-06-26 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Continuous flow system for drilling oil and gas wells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4841163B2 (cs) 1973-12-05
CA927232A (en) 1973-05-29
GB1279065A (en) 1972-06-21
JPS467205A (cs) 1971-12-18
FR2091778A5 (cs) 1972-01-14

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