US3682241A - Heat exchanger, particularly for cooling fresh cracked and/or synthesis gases - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, particularly for cooling fresh cracked and/or synthesis gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US3682241A
US3682241A US14498A US3682241DA US3682241A US 3682241 A US3682241 A US 3682241A US 14498 A US14498 A US 14498A US 3682241D A US3682241D A US 3682241DA US 3682241 A US3682241 A US 3682241A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pipes
casing
rows
nest
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US14498A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Clauss
Helmut Herrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmidtsche Heissdampf GmbH
Original Assignee
Schmidtsche Heissdampf GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmidtsche Heissdampf GmbH filed Critical Schmidtsche Heissdampf GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3682241A publication Critical patent/US3682241A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having bent portions or being assembled from bent tubes or being tubes having a toroidal configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/919—Apparatus considerations
    • Y10S585/921—Apparatus considerations using recited apparatus structure

Definitions

  • Straightcasing pipes closed at their lower ends are located in the casing with centrally located immersion tubes of smaller diameter than the casing pipes for the supply of coolants in the casing pipes.
  • a plurality of pipes forming rows of pipes spaced from one another and a plurality of rows of pipes spaced parallel next to each other are gathered into a nest of pipes.
  • Longitudinal fins connect the casing pipes forming rows of pipes and the casing pipes standing opposite each other of adjacent rows of pipes.
  • the casing pipes of theindividual rows of pipes are of such length that their ends form parallel rows to each other aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing pipes. The rows going out from both outer'rows toward the center of the nest of pipes gradually rise from pipe row to pipe row.
  • the inlet and outlet side of the nest of pipes are covered with a conical gas inlet and gas outlet head and the length of the casing pipes is such, that a row of pipes in the area of said inlet and outlet heads increase gradually according to the conicity of the heads.
  • olefins particularly ethylene
  • ethylene gaseous or evaporated liquid hydrocarbons
  • thermal cracking in a cracking furnace.
  • the cracked gas a mixture of gases which is very reactive and has to be cooled to prevent regeneration.
  • Such heat exchangers should not only be built to handle high pressure and high temperature, but should also be able to counteract in the heat exchanger as much as possible the regenerating tendency of the cracked gases which means that the undesired precipitation of coke and condenstaion precipitates or other cracked products, in order to avoid as much as possible the soiling of the heating surface which causes an undesirable reduction of the cooling efiect and a smaller production of the desired end product due to said regeneration.
  • the heat exchanger is supposed to allow a secure control of high thermal stress of the cooling surfaces and it should permit an efficient utilization of the perceptible heat resulting from the gases of the cooling medium through a boiler for the production of energy.
  • Fire tube heat exchangers are composed of a casing surrounding a water space with tube plates on both ends and the fire tubes which pass through the water space.
  • Such heat exchangers are not very suitable for the cooling of cracked gases, since the tube-plates as well as the casing, due to the cooling wall temperatures which have to be maintained, have to resist a very high pressure of .the boiling coolant of approximately 80-200 gauge pressure measured in atmospheres and therefore requires a casing with strong walls as well as strong tube plates. Therefore, these heat exchangers are very expensive from the point of view of construction and material.
  • the present invention has for an object a construction wherein the casing pipes forming regenerarows of pipes as well as the casing pipes standing opposite each other in adjacent rows of pipes are connected with each other through longitudinal fins and the casing pipes of the individual pipe rows are of such length, that their ends form parallel rows to each other aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing pipes, and these rows starting from both outer pipe rows toward the center of .the nest of pipes rise gradually from pipe row to pipe row.
  • a further object is to provide a heat exchanger built according to this invention which does not have at the inflow side any built-in objects which interfere with the flow and which could cause turbulence of the heating gases before they flow into the pipe alleys and thus could produce an undesired increase of waiting time, so that the' medium being supplied for cooling can flow without hindrance into the pipe alleys, whereby the waiting period in' the inflow side of the heat exchanger is reduced to a harmless minimum.
  • a still further object is to provide a construction wherein a harmful localization of heat due to accumulation of material cannot occur, because there do not exist such masses of material.
  • a heat exchanger due to its special cooling surfaces which consist of so called field pipes, from the point of view of the cooling media and without having an excessive expenditure for material can resist even the highest pressures.
  • a further object is to achieve a particularly turbulent free inflow of the cracked gas onto the cooling area, that is to say into the pipe alleys, and in order to secure a resistance free outflow of the cracked gas after its cooling, the in and outflow ends of the pipe nest are provided correspondingly with a conical gas inlet and outlet head and the length of the casing pipes of the individual pipe rows is such, that the pipe rows in the area of the conical part of the gas inlet and/or gas outlet head rise gradually according to their conicity.
  • the immersion pipes and the casing pipes of the nest of pipes are connected on their upper ends through feeding and runout lines with two distributors located at two opposite sides of the gas butlet head and with the collectors located on the remaining free sides of the gas outlet head. This allows an advantageously compact and uniform construction.
  • a further object in order to prevent heat losses of the heat exchanger through radiation, to the outside arid in" order to guarantee a free expansion of the pipe nest,
  • the distributors and accumulators connected with the pipe nest through feeding and outlet lines are set firmly inla header lined refractorymaterial, which is set on a casing piece lined with thermal insulation which surrounds the center. section of the pipe nest leaving a clearance in between, said casing piece being connected in turn with a foot piece equally lined with thermal insulation where the head-of the gas entrance is located intowhich the lower ends of the casing pipes project.
  • the lower 'endsof the casing pipes of the nest of tubes are therefore not connected firmly and tightly with the gas en- Y edge, said plate lying at a distance abovethe footpiece and parallel to the upper foot piece surface, its greatest diameter being smaller than the inside diameter of the lining of the casing and its free edge being sunk into a corresponding recess in the foot piece surface which 2 serves as a sand seal.
  • a different advantageous construction of the sealing between the free edge of said plate consists in setting into the recess of the foot surface area flexible sealings, onto which the free edge of the side wall of the plate rests.
  • the cooling agent is fed through the feed pipes 6 which discharge into the upper end of the immersion pipes 3.
  • the steam mixture fonned in theannulus 4 through heating of easing pipes l is led off through the outlet pipe 7 connected onto'the upper end of easing pipe 1.
  • a multiplicity'of casing pipes 1, that 'is to say heat exchange elements 5,standin'g spaced from each other arecombined into a pipe row-,8.
  • Several of these rows of pipes'8 are arranged spaced from each other and parallel to one another,and thus form the nest of pipes 2.
  • the longitudinal fins 9 within the nest of pipes 2 do not need to be welded to each other, they only serve to space and brace the casing pipes among each other. In this case no tight alleys 10 against each other are formed, which actually is not necessary either. These alleys 10, the same as the tight alleys, can be easily cleaned with high pressure jet devices.
  • casing pipes 1 of the individual row of pipes 8 which project with their ends into the conical part of the gas entrance and/or gas outlet head 11 and 12, are of such length that their ends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing-pipes l are aligned so that they form parallel rows to each other, and these rows of the nest of pipes 2 increase gradually from one row of pipes 8 to the next row of pipes8.
  • the length of the casing pipes l of the individual row of pipes 8 is chosen in such a manner, that the row of pipes 8 in the conicalarea of the gas entrance and/or gas outlet head 11 and 12 increase gradually corresponding to such conicity.
  • FIG. 1 shows the heat exchanger in a longitudinalcenter section on the line l--l of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 shows the heat exchanger in a cross section on the line 2-2 of FIG. .1, and
  • FIG. 3 shows the heat exchanger in a longitudinal.
  • the in and outflow conduits 6 and 7 together with the distributors 13 and accumulators 14 connected with the nestof pipes 2 are set firmly into a head piece lined with refractory material, said headpiece being set on the central part of the nest of pipes 2 in a casing 16
  • the footpart 17 can be sealed gastight
  • the free edge 22 of side wall 20 immerses into a recess 23 extending all around the foot plane 19 of the foot part 17 filled with sand to form a sand seal.
  • a flexible seal 24 can be set into recesses 23 onto which rests the free edge 22 of side wall 20.
  • a casing 25 of thermal insulating material is set onto plate 21, which encloses the nest of pipes 2.
  • Heat exchanger particularly for cooling fresh cracked and/or synthesis gases produced through high pressure and high temperature comprising a casing having an inlet and outlet for gases, straight casing pipes closed at their lower ends in said casing, immersion tubes of smaller diameter than said casing pipes for a supply of coolants centrally located in said casing pipes, a plurality of said pipes forming rows of pipes spaced from one another, said rows of said pipes being parallel and forming a nest of pipes, longitudinal fins (9) connecting said casing pipes (l) forming rows of pipes (8), said casing pipes (1) standing opposite each other in adjacent rows of said pipes, said casing pipes (l) of the individual rows of pipes (8) being of such length that their ends form parallel rows to each other aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of said casing pipes, and said rows extending from both outer rows (8) toward the center of said nest of pipes (2) rising stepwise from pipe row to pipe row said nest of pipes 2 has an inlet and outlet side covered with a conicalgas inlet and gas outlet head (11 and 12) and
  • Heat exchanger according to claim 2 wherein said distributors and said accumulators are connected with said nest of pipes through said feeding and outlet lines set firmly in head li ed casing piece lined wr ti'it erm ins atron on w lch sar header is mounted, said casing piece surrounding the center section of said nest of pipes and being spaced therefrom, a foot piece having a recess is lined with thermal insulation to which said casing piece is connected where the inlet of said easing into which the lower ends of said casing pipes project, is located.
  • Heat exchanger according to claim 2 wherein a plate is connected on the lower end of said nest of pipes in a gas tight manner having a side wall on the periphery thereof, said plate lying at a distance above said foot piece parallel to the upper foot piece surface having its greatest diameter smaller than the inside diameter of said casing and said side wall having its free edge immersed into said recess which serves as a sand seal.
  • Heat exchanger according to claim 5 wherein a casing of thermalinsulating material is installed on said plate surrounding the lower part of said nest of pipes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US14498A 1969-03-05 1970-02-26 Heat exchanger, particularly for cooling fresh cracked and/or synthesis gases Expired - Lifetime US3682241A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1911195A DE1911195B2 (de) 1969-03-05 1969-03-05 Wärmetauscher, insbesondere zum Kühlen von mit hohem Druck und hoher Temperatur anfallenden frischen Spalt- und/oder Synthesegasen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3682241A true US3682241A (en) 1972-08-08

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Family Applications (1)

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US14498A Expired - Lifetime US3682241A (en) 1969-03-05 1970-02-26 Heat exchanger, particularly for cooling fresh cracked and/or synthesis gases

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3682241A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4921337B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE1911195B2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2081700A7 (ja)
GB (1) GB1305089A (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3961665A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-06-08 Ultracentrifuge Nederland N.V. Apparatus for separating a product of sublimation from a gas
US4248834A (en) * 1979-05-07 1981-02-03 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co. Ltd. Apparatus for quenching pyrolysis gas
US4347221A (en) * 1980-03-13 1982-08-31 Toyo Engineering Corporation Catalytic converter
US4397740A (en) * 1982-09-30 1983-08-09 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for cooling thermally cracked hydrocarbon gases
US5536906A (en) * 1993-07-23 1996-07-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Package for integrated circuits
US5775412A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-07-07 Gidding Engineering, Inc. High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger
US20070022773A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Augux Co., Ltd. Cooling energy saving structure

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS587653U (ja) * 1981-07-09 1983-01-18 リョービ株式会社 オフセット印刷機の画像位置調整装置
AT378602B (de) * 1982-06-17 1985-09-10 Oemv Ag Einrichtung zur befestigung und abdichtung des bodens von waermetauschern
DE3738727C3 (de) * 1987-11-14 1994-02-24 Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Wärmetauscher
CN111854498B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2021-12-28 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 一种高温气体冷却器

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US706787A (en) * 1902-02-12 1902-08-12 Nemesio Vicente Water-tube boiler.
US1419337A (en) * 1920-02-07 1922-06-13 John Werner & Sons Inc Sirup cooler
GB634747A (en) * 1946-10-23 1950-03-29 Andre Huet Improvements in tubular heat exchangers
GB702699A (en) * 1950-11-21 1954-01-20 Metallgesellschaft Ag Heat exchanger with longitudinally finned tubes especially for cooling gases
CH343179A (de) * 1956-07-20 1959-12-15 Tech Studien Ag Gaserhitzer mit je aus einem Rohr mit Einlagekörper bestehenden Erhitzerelementen
US3306351A (en) * 1964-04-16 1967-02-28 Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Heat exchanger for cooling cracked gases by multiple media
US3456719A (en) * 1967-10-03 1969-07-22 Lummus Co Transfer line heat exchanger

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US706787A (en) * 1902-02-12 1902-08-12 Nemesio Vicente Water-tube boiler.
US1419337A (en) * 1920-02-07 1922-06-13 John Werner & Sons Inc Sirup cooler
GB634747A (en) * 1946-10-23 1950-03-29 Andre Huet Improvements in tubular heat exchangers
GB702699A (en) * 1950-11-21 1954-01-20 Metallgesellschaft Ag Heat exchanger with longitudinally finned tubes especially for cooling gases
CH343179A (de) * 1956-07-20 1959-12-15 Tech Studien Ag Gaserhitzer mit je aus einem Rohr mit Einlagekörper bestehenden Erhitzerelementen
US3306351A (en) * 1964-04-16 1967-02-28 Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Heat exchanger for cooling cracked gases by multiple media
US3456719A (en) * 1967-10-03 1969-07-22 Lummus Co Transfer line heat exchanger

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3961665A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-06-08 Ultracentrifuge Nederland N.V. Apparatus for separating a product of sublimation from a gas
US4248834A (en) * 1979-05-07 1981-02-03 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co. Ltd. Apparatus for quenching pyrolysis gas
US4347221A (en) * 1980-03-13 1982-08-31 Toyo Engineering Corporation Catalytic converter
US4397740A (en) * 1982-09-30 1983-08-09 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for cooling thermally cracked hydrocarbon gases
US5536906A (en) * 1993-07-23 1996-07-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Package for integrated circuits
US5775412A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-07-07 Gidding Engineering, Inc. High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger
US20070022773A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Augux Co., Ltd. Cooling energy saving structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2081700A7 (ja) 1971-12-10
DE1911195A1 (de) 1970-09-24
GB1305089A (ja) 1973-01-31
DE1911195B2 (de) 1974-12-05
JPS4921337B1 (ja) 1974-05-31

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