US3348610A - Heat exchangers for cooling fresh cracked gases or the like - Google Patents
Heat exchangers for cooling fresh cracked gases or the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3348610A US3348610A US534157A US53415766A US3348610A US 3348610 A US3348610 A US 3348610A US 534157 A US534157 A US 534157A US 53415766 A US53415766 A US 53415766A US 3348610 A US3348610 A US 3348610A
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- jacket
- steam
- interior
- heating tubes
- chamber
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00067—Liquid level measurement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
- B01J2219/00085—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
Definitions
- An object of the invention is to provide a construction which consists of tube plates closing the two ends of an upright pressure jacket, one for the gas inlet head and the other for the gas outlet head, with at least that tube plate located at the gas inlet side consisting of stepwise arranged chambers interconnected with each other in gastight manner, the stepwise arrangement ascending from the interior outwardly with the interior of said chambers connected with the interior of the pressure jacket by openings in the chamber wall, and groups of essentially rectilinear heating tubes extending through the interior of the pressure jacket having their ends fixed in the tube plates.
- a further object is to provide heat exchangers which are especially suitable for the cooling of fresh cracked gases wherein consideration is given not only to the high temperature and to the high pressure at which the cracked gases to be cooled are supplied in considerable amount, but also to their tendency to re-form, i.e., to coke precipitation and thus to undesired coke deposits in the heating tubes of the cooler.
- This last-mentioned property of cracked gases has been limited to a minimum after the cause of this behavior of cracked gases was discovered, and a correlation between the dwell time of the cracked gases being cooled in the gas inlet head of the cooler and the threshold of re-formation of the cracked gases in the heating tubes of the cooler established. It was found that the threshold of undesired coke separation could be controlled by reducing the time of dwell of the cracked gases in the gas inlet head.
- a still further object is to provide a construction wherein an effective decrease of the time of dwell of the cracked gases in the gas inlet head is realized by a special construction of the latter and of the appurtenant tube plate of the cooler, which makes it possible to limit the coke precipitation to a tenable minimum.
- a further object is to provide a simplification which consists in subdividing the pressure jacket interior into a lower water chamber and a steam chamber located at the gas outlet side and in arranging the steam chamber above the highest water level and locating between the latter the steam discharge conduits of the cooler by means of guiding plates in such a manner as to form interconnected sections through which the heating tubes extend and in which the steam passing therethrough to the steam discharge outlets is forced to impinge on the heating tubes.
- a further object is to provide a construction which makes it possible to eliminate a common steam drum
- a further object of the invention consists in so constructing the pressure jacket of the cooler that it is widened at its upper end, adjacent the gas outlet, relative to the lower portion of the pressure jacket, thereby forming an enlarged steam chamber.
- This object presents not only the possibility of an increased steam volume capacity in the steam chamber of the cooler, but it further also appreciably enlarges the water space and thereby the water content of the cooler, since the lower part of the steam chamber constructed according to the invention is filled with water as in a normal steam drum.
- a further object is to construct the chambers forming the tube bottoms at the gas inlet side with openings which interconnect the interior of the pressure jacket with the interior of the chambers, these openings being situated at the upper side of the chambers and in the side walls below said upper side.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view with parts in elevation of a heat exchanger with uniformly extending pressure jacket
- FIG. 2 shows a similar view of a modified heat exchanger with a widened upper end portion of the pressure jacket
- FIG. 3 shows a similar view of the lower part of a heat exchanger at the gas inlet side.
- the heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, consists of an outer pressure jacket 1, the ends of which are tightly closed by tube plates 2 and 3. At least one of these two tube plates, and particularly plate 2 located near the gas inlet end, comprises chambers 4.
- the chambers 4 are annular and concentrically and stepwise arranged relative to each other.
- the tube plate 3 closing the gas outlet end of the pressure jacket 1 can be constructed as a flat plate, or as an arched plate, or, as tube plate 2, can be composed of chambers 4. Chambers 4 of the tube plate 2 as well as tube plate 3 are traversed by heating tubes 5 welded thereto and these tubes 5 extend through the interior of the pressure jacket 1 from plate to plate.
- the cracked gases to be cooled are supplied through the gas inlet head 6 which covers plate 2 and is distributed to the heating tubes 5. After passing through the heating tubes 5, the cooled cracked gases are withdrawn through the gas discharge head 7 which covers plate 3 and the with an inside diameter which is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of heating tubes 5.
- openings 18 are arranged below the openings 10, i.e., at a lower level. This assures a separate natural circulation of the cooling medium through the interior of chambers 4. The course of the thus-produced flow is indicated by arrows on FIG. 3.
- a cooling water level 11 is maintained so that a steam chamber 12 of sufiicient size remains thereabove.
- the steam chamber 12 thus arranged in the pressure jacket interior 8, between the tube plate 3 and cooling water level -11, is subdivided into individual sections 14 by the guide plates 13 or similar builtin parts.
- the guide plates 13 are provided at one side thereof with an opening 15 adjacent the inner wall of the pressure jacket 1, so that a connection is established between the individual successive sections 14.
- the successive guide plates 13 are arranged so that they are opposed with respect to each other.
- the steam developed from the cooling water and rising from the cooling water level 11 is forced to traverse, at times transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof, all of thesuccessively arranged sections 14 through which the heating tubes pass vertically, after which the steam leaves the steam chamber '12 through the steam discharge outlet 16 arranged in the topmost section 14.
- the steam chamber 12' is widened relative to the lower part of the cooler.
- the cracked gas cooler has increased steam receiving capacity and greater cooling water content.
- a heat exchanger for cooling fresh cracked gases or the like comprising a vertical pressure jacket, means for supplying water to the interior of said jacket, tube plates located at the ends of said jacket, a gas inlet head located at the lower end of said jacket and a gas outlet head located at the top of said jacket, the tube plate at the lower-end of said jacket comprising step-wise arranged chambers interconnected with each other in gas tight relation, said chambers having openings in the chamber wall communicating with the interior of said pressure jacket, rectilinear heating tubes extending through the interior of said jacket and having their ends fixed to said tube plates, the interior of said pressure jacket being subdivided into a lower water chamber and an upper steam chamber, said jacket having a steam discharge outlet from said steam chamber, guide plates located in said steam chamber above the highest water level forming interconnected sections through which said heating tubes extend so that steam passing through said section to said steam discharge outlet are forced into contact with said heating tubes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
' 3,348,610 v 5 sheets-sheet 1 ATTORNEYS R m 0 O vw m w W m 7 w I M m E 6 as. 5 w m F Oct. 24,1967 I I F-.VOLLHARDT HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR COOLING FRESH CRACKED GASES OR THE LIKE Filed March 14, 1966 FIG -i Oct. 24, 1967 F. VOLLHARDT HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR COOLING FRESH CRACKED GASES OR THE LIKE v5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 14, 1966 l m mm 50 V V I U m m .F
ATTORNEYS- Oct. 24, 1967 ,F. VOLLHARDT I ,5
HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR COOLING FRESH CRACKED GASES OR THE LIKE I Filed March 14, 1966 v v 3 sheets sheet 5 INVENTORY F romur VolIhordt BY v wmd fi (it ATTORNEYS United States Patent ()fiice 3,348,610 Patented Oct. 24, 1967 3,348,610 HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR COOLING FRESH CRACKED GASES OR THE LIKE Fromut Vollhardt, Gottingen, Germany, assignor to Schmidt-sche Heissdampf-Gesellschaft m.b.H., Kassel-Bettenhausen, Germany Filed Mar. 14, 1966, Ser. No. 534,157 Claims priority, application Germany, June 24, 1965, Sch 37,281 4 Claims. (Cl. 165-158) This invention relates to a heat exchanger for the cooling of fresh cracked gases or the like.
An object of the invention is to provide a construction which consists of tube plates closing the two ends of an upright pressure jacket, one for the gas inlet head and the other for the gas outlet head, with at least that tube plate located at the gas inlet side consisting of stepwise arranged chambers interconnected with each other in gastight manner, the stepwise arrangement ascending from the interior outwardly with the interior of said chambers connected with the interior of the pressure jacket by openings in the chamber wall, and groups of essentially rectilinear heating tubes extending through the interior of the pressure jacket having their ends fixed in the tube plates.
A further object is to provide heat exchangers which are especially suitable for the cooling of fresh cracked gases wherein consideration is given not only to the high temperature and to the high pressure at which the cracked gases to be cooled are supplied in considerable amount, but also to their tendency to re-form, i.e., to coke precipitation and thus to undesired coke deposits in the heating tubes of the cooler. This last-mentioned property of cracked gases has been limited to a minimum after the cause of this behavior of cracked gases was discovered, and a correlation between the dwell time of the cracked gases being cooled in the gas inlet head of the cooler and the threshold of re-formation of the cracked gases in the heating tubes of the cooler established. It was found that the threshold of undesired coke separation could be controlled by reducing the time of dwell of the cracked gases in the gas inlet head.
A still further object is to provide a construction wherein an effective decrease of the time of dwell of the cracked gases in the gas inlet head is realized by a special construction of the latter and of the appurtenant tube plate of the cooler, which makes it possible to limit the coke precipitation to a tenable minimum.
Normally the vapor (steam) developed from the cooling water is led directly to a steam drum. Because of the high pressure, about 140 atmospheres excess pressure, at which such a cracked gases cooling plant, consisting of a plurality of coolers which give off the therein-developed steam to a common steam drum, must be operated, the steam drum walls have to be inconveniently large and thick.
A further object is to provide a simplification which consists in subdividing the pressure jacket interior into a lower water chamber and a steam chamber located at the gas outlet side and in arranging the steam chamber above the highest water level and locating between the latter the steam discharge conduits of the cooler by means of guiding plates in such a manner as to form interconnected sections through which the heating tubes extend and in which the steam passing therethrough to the steam discharge outlets is forced to impinge on the heating tubes.
A further object is to provide a construction which makes it possible to eliminate a common steam drum,
since the separate guiding plates in the steam chamber make it possible to realize dry and slightly superheated steam which can then be directly conducted to the corresponding point of steam consumption by way of a steam collecting conduit.
A further object of the invention consists in so constructing the pressure jacket of the cooler that it is widened at its upper end, adjacent the gas outlet, relative to the lower portion of the pressure jacket, thereby forming an enlarged steam chamber. This object presents not only the possibility of an increased steam volume capacity in the steam chamber of the cooler, but it further also appreciably enlarges the water space and thereby the water content of the cooler, since the lower part of the steam chamber constructed according to the invention is filled with water as in a normal steam drum.
As a result of the shortening of the time of dwell at the gas inlet end of the heating tubes in the vicinity of the chambers, the available heat from the highly heated cracked gases exceeds the heat transfer conditions prevailing in the said vicinity, so that insupportable and injurious overheating can take place. To counteract this, a further object is to construct the chambers forming the tube bottoms at the gas inlet side with openings which interconnect the interior of the pressure jacket with the interior of the chambers, these openings being situated at the upper side of the chambers and in the side walls below said upper side. By this expedient, a natural secondary circulation of the cooling water is established in the vicinity of the chamber interior and thus in the vicinity of the ends of the heating tubes, which assures improved direct heat flow-off (discharge) to the cooling medium from the here especially large amount of available heat of the cracked gases.
With the above and other objects in view which will become apparent from the detailed description below, several modifications are shown in the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view with parts in elevation of a heat exchanger with uniformly extending pressure jacket,
FIG. 2 shows a similar view of a modified heat exchanger with a widened upper end portion of the pressure jacket, and
FIG. 3 shows a similar view of the lower part of a heat exchanger at the gas inlet side.
The heat exchanger, shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, consists of an outer pressure jacket 1, the ends of which are tightly closed by tube plates 2 and 3. At least one of these two tube plates, and particularly plate 2 located near the gas inlet end, comprises chambers 4. The chambers 4 are annular and concentrically and stepwise arranged relative to each other.
The tube plate 3 closing the gas outlet end of the pressure jacket 1 can be constructed as a flat plate, or as an arched plate, or, as tube plate 2, can be composed of chambers 4. Chambers 4 of the tube plate 2 as well as tube plate 3 are traversed by heating tubes 5 welded thereto and these tubes 5 extend through the interior of the pressure jacket 1 from plate to plate.
The cracked gases to be cooled are supplied through the gas inlet head 6 which covers plate 2 and is distributed to the heating tubes 5. After passing through the heating tubes 5, the cooled cracked gases are withdrawn through the gas discharge head 7 which covers plate 3 and the with an inside diameter which is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of heating tubes 5.
In the pressure jacket interior 8, a cooling water level 11 is maintained so that a steam chamber 12 of sufiicient size remains thereabove. The steam chamber 12 thus arranged in the pressure jacket interior 8, between the tube plate 3 and cooling water level -11, is subdivided into individual sections 14 by the guide plates 13 or similar builtin parts. The guide plates 13 are provided at one side thereof with an opening 15 adjacent the inner wall of the pressure jacket 1, so that a connection is established between the individual successive sections 14. The successive guide plates 13 are arranged so that they are opposed with respect to each other. As a result, the steam developed from the cooling water and rising from the cooling water level 11 is forced to traverse, at times transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof, all of thesuccessively arranged sections 14 through which the heating tubes pass vertically, after which the steam leaves the steam chamber '12 through the steam discharge outlet 16 arranged in the topmost section 14.
In the modification of FIG. 2, the steam chamber 12' is widened relative to the lower part of the cooler.
As a result, the cracked gas cooler has increased steam receiving capacity and greater cooling water content.
With water of poor quality, which would otherwise be rejected because of undesirable influence on the heating surfaces, it is possible to provide tube sections 17 in the transition area from water chamber to steam chamber, which sections 17 are drawn over the heating tubes 5 to provide protection against corrosion. An example is shown in FIG. 2.
It is thought that the invention and its advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it is apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or sacrificing its material advantages, the forms hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings being merely preferred embodiments thereof.
I claim: I
1. A heat exchanger for cooling fresh cracked gases or the like comprising a vertical pressure jacket, means for supplying water to the interior of said jacket, tube plates located at the ends of said jacket, a gas inlet head located at the lower end of said jacket and a gas outlet head located at the top of said jacket, the tube plate at the lower-end of said jacket comprising step-wise arranged chambers interconnected with each other in gas tight relation, said chambers having openings in the chamber wall communicating with the interior of said pressure jacket, rectilinear heating tubes extending through the interior of said jacket and having their ends fixed to said tube plates, the interior of said pressure jacket being subdivided into a lower water chamber and an upper steam chamber, said jacket having a steam discharge outlet from said steam chamber, guide plates located in said steam chamber above the highest water level forming interconnected sections through which said heating tubes extend so that steam passing through said section to said steam discharge outlet are forced into contact with said heating tubes.
2. A heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein said guide plates are located in spaced horizontal relationship with staggered intercommunicating openings.
3. A heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein said pressure jacket is widened at its upper end adjacent said gas outlet head relative to the lower part of said pressure jacket to provide an enlarged steam chamber.
4. A heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein said stepwise arranged chambers are provided with additional openings located below said first named openings also communicating with the interior of said jacket.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,144,080 8/1964 Vollhardt 159 3,127,743 9/1964 Romanos 12'232 ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner.
A. W. DAVIS, Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COOLING FRESH CRACKED GASES OR THE LIKE COMPRISING A VERTICAL PRESSURE JACKET, MEANS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO THE INTERIOR OF SAID JACKET, TUBE PLATES LOCATED AT THE ENDS OF SAID JACKET, A GAS INLET HEAD LOCATED AT THE LOWER END OF SAID JACKET AND A GAS OUTLET HEAD LOCATED AT THE TOP OF SAID JACKET, THE TUBE PLATE AT THE LOWER END OF SAID JACKET COMPRISING STEP-WISE ARRANGED CHAMBERS INTERCONNECTED WITH EACH OTHER IN GAS TIGHT RELATION, SAID CHAMBERS HAVING OPENINGS IN THE CHAMBER WALL COMMUNICATING WITH THE INTERIOR OF SAID PRESSURE JACKET, RECTILINEAR HEATING TUBES EXTENDING THROUGH THE INTERIOR OF SAID JACKET AND HAVING THEIR ENDS FIXED TO SAID TUBE PLATES, THE INTERIOR OF SAID PRESSURE JACKET BEING SUBDIVIDED INTO A LOWER WATER CHAMBER AND AN UPPER STEAM CHAMBER, SAID JACKET HAVING A STEAM DISCHARGE OUTLET FROM SAID STEAM CHAMBER, GUIDE PLATES LOCATED IN SAID STEAM CHAMBER ABOVE THE HIGHEST WATER LEVEL FORMING INTERCONNECTED SECTIONS THROUGH WHICH SAID HEATING TUBES EXTEND SO THAT STEAM PASSING THROUGH SAID SECTION TO SAID STEAM DISCHARGE OUTLET ARE FORCED INTO CONTACT WITH SAID HEATING TUBES.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DESC037281 | 1965-06-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3348610A true US3348610A (en) | 1967-10-24 |
Family
ID=7434204
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US534157A Expired - Lifetime US3348610A (en) | 1965-06-24 | 1966-03-14 | Heat exchangers for cooling fresh cracked gases or the like |
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US (1) | US3348610A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3570458A (en) * | 1968-05-25 | 1971-03-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat exchanger construction |
US3700030A (en) * | 1969-11-13 | 1972-10-24 | Air Liquide | Heat exchanger support structure |
FR2234519A1 (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1975-01-17 | Uhde Gmbh Friedrich | |
US4724754A (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1988-02-16 | Bertrand Crozat | Apparatus for making molded confections |
US5775412A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-07-07 | Gidding Engineering, Inc. | High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger |
US20040253364A1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-12-16 | Lucian Demmel | Apparatus and method of thermally treating a confectionery mass |
US8672021B2 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2014-03-18 | Alfred N. Montestruc, III | Simplified flow shell and tube type heat exchanger for transfer line exchangers and like applications |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3127743A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1964-04-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Fluid tank pressurizing system |
US3144080A (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1964-08-11 | Schmidt Sche Heissdampf | Heat exchanger for the cooling of freshly cracked gases or the like |
-
1966
- 1966-03-14 US US534157A patent/US3348610A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3144080A (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1964-08-11 | Schmidt Sche Heissdampf | Heat exchanger for the cooling of freshly cracked gases or the like |
US3127743A (en) * | 1961-12-28 | 1964-04-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Fluid tank pressurizing system |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3570458A (en) * | 1968-05-25 | 1971-03-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat exchanger construction |
US3700030A (en) * | 1969-11-13 | 1972-10-24 | Air Liquide | Heat exchanger support structure |
FR2234519A1 (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1975-01-17 | Uhde Gmbh Friedrich | |
US4724754A (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1988-02-16 | Bertrand Crozat | Apparatus for making molded confections |
US5775412A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-07-07 | Gidding Engineering, Inc. | High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger |
US20040253364A1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-12-16 | Lucian Demmel | Apparatus and method of thermally treating a confectionery mass |
US7698995B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2010-04-20 | Chocotech Gmbh | Apparatus and method of thermally treating a confectionery mass |
US8672021B2 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2014-03-18 | Alfred N. Montestruc, III | Simplified flow shell and tube type heat exchanger for transfer line exchangers and like applications |
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