US3681822A - Machine for needling fabrics - Google Patents

Machine for needling fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US3681822A
US3681822A US40484A US3681822DA US3681822A US 3681822 A US3681822 A US 3681822A US 40484 A US40484 A US 40484A US 3681822D A US3681822D A US 3681822DA US 3681822 A US3681822 A US 3681822A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
feed
needles
machine
needling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US40484A
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English (en)
Inventor
Norman Thomas Sanders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FOSTER NEEDLE Ltd OF UNIT 22 MATCHBOROUGH WAY WASHFORD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE HEREFORD AND WORCESTERSHIRE ENGLAND
Needle Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Needle Industries Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US3681822A publication Critical patent/US3681822A/en
Assigned to FOSTER NEEDLE LIMITED OF UNIT 22 MATCHBOROUGH WAY WASHFORD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE HEREFORD AND WORCESTERSHIRE ENGLAND reassignment FOSTER NEEDLE LIMITED OF UNIT 22 MATCHBOROUGH WAY WASHFORD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE HEREFORD AND WORCESTERSHIRE ENGLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: NEEDLE INDUSTRIES LIMITED
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines

Definitions

  • a further embodiment of the ap- 2 g paratus includes a transmission mechanism incor- 29l5804 12 1959 f; ermot 4 R porating a difl'erential gear to convert a continuous l 6534 J 6 4 32: 4 R uniform rotation into a continuous non-uniform rotation.
  • This invention relates to a method of needling a web of fibrous material wherein the web is subjected to repeated penetration by an array of needles at positions spaced apart both longitudinally and transversely of the web, and of a feed path along which relative advancement is effected between the web and the array of needles. Such method is hereinafter referred to as being of the kind specified.
  • the invention also relates to a needling machine for carrying out the method of the kind specified and comprising a body or supporting structure affording a feed path of a web of fibrous material to be subjected to needling, an array of needles spaced apart both longitudinally and transversely of the feed path and supported from said body or supporting structure for movement in a direction to enable the needles to penetrate the web, operating means for effecting said movement of said array of needles, and feed means for effecting advancement of the web along the feed path.
  • Webs are in some cases fed through a machine of the kind specified with an intermittent feed, the feed mo tion taking place when the point of the needle has been drawn clear of the web.
  • the distance travelled by the web in each increment of feed is constant and may lie between, say, one-eighth'inch and, say, one-half inch.
  • any needle operating in a longitudinal line of the web may well, as the web proceeds through the machine, punch into a hole made by another of the needles operative in that line (repeat punching) or close to such a hole (over-needling) when the distance between any two needles is exactly divisible by the unit of feed.
  • the more needles there are which may be considered for this purpose to be operating in a particular line of the longitudinal feed of the web the greater the chance of repeat punching and/or over-needling takingthis deficiency/surfeit leadsto a heightening of the difference in appearance and texture (with possible change in the mechanical strength or properties) between one line and another.
  • the needle does, over a very small :area, do a very great amount of extra work (possibly double the amount or more). If, as is quite possible, a third or fourth needle should punch in close proximity, it will result in a serious fault relative to the whole theory of the needle felting method which is one of a vast number of precisely aimed penetrations so calculated and engineered as to do precisely the correct and equal amount of work over each unit area.
  • a method of the kind specified of needling a web is characterized in that the magnitude of the relative longitudinal feed, which takes place between the needle array and the web inbetween penetrations of the needle array into the web, is varied throughout the performance of the method.
  • variation may be continuous or discontinuous in nature.
  • the feed movement imparted to the web relatively to the needle array may be intermittent and comprise a succession of discrete feed steps during the periods during which the needle array is withdrawn from penetrating relation with the web.
  • the magnitude of the'feed step imparted to the web inbetween each successive penetration of the web by the needle array may be varied so that each feed step differs in magnitude from the preceding one.
  • the rate of change of magnitude of the feed step may be varied. If the rate of change represented graphically against time is a cyclic function then the period of the cycle would be made large enough to ensure that a substantial length of the web will have moved past the needle array before the cycle repeats.
  • a substantial length of the web is meant a length of the order of at least half the length of the needle array as measured in the direction of feed of the web.
  • the period of the cycle and the form thereof will be such that the different increments of feed are collectively completed over such number of needle penetrations as will best diffuse the repeat punching and/or over-needling effect. This would normally be expected to take place in less than the number of needle penetrations that take place while the web traverses from the intake to the exist side of the needle array and probably in about half of that number.
  • the invention further resides in the provision of a needling machine of the kind specified for carrying our the method wherein the feed means for effecting advancement of the web includes a device for effecting variation in the magnitude of the feed movement imparted to the web between successive penetrations thereof by the needle array.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of a portion of a transmission mechanism which may be incorporated in a needling machine of the kind specified for carrying out the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view illustrating a modification of the manner of mounting the two parts of the connecting rod seen in FIG. 1 for relative movement to permit of variation of the effective length of the connecting rod;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating an alternative arrangement wherein a connecting rod or link incorporates a piston and cylinder assembly for varying the effective length;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating an alternative arrangement also using a piston and cylinder assembly as part of a connecting rod or link.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of a differential gear device which may be incorporated in a transmission mechanism which enables the web to be fed continuously through a needling machine.
  • FIG. 6 is a reproduction (Photographic) of a pattern of holes punched by an array of needles of a machine of the kind specified not incorporating the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a similar reproduction of the machine modified to incorporate one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic illustration of a needling machine'to which the invention can be applied.
  • the needling machine may be of any suitable construction comprising, for example, a body or supporting structure A including a bed or table B defining a feed path F and furnished at its forward edge with a laterally extending horizontal take-up roller C acting as the web-engaging member of the feed means, and above which bed or table is mounted a vertically reciprocating slide or ram D adapted to carry a needle board E.
  • an array of needles is arranged in laterally extending rows with the needles in each rwo spaced apart laterally from each other and the various rows spaced apart longitudinally from each other.
  • the positions of the needles are ideally such that for a given penetration by the array of needles only one needle penetrates the web along any given logitudinally' extending line parallel to the length of the web.
  • the slide or ram may be driven from a crank shaft extending laterally of the machine between upstanding side frame portions and driven from a suitable motor such as an electric motor T.
  • the take-up roller C is driven intermittently and unidirectionally from a drive shaft H rotating in synchronism with the crank shaft, or directly from the latter, through the intermediary of a crank, cam or eccentric 11 on the crankshaft or driving shaft, a connecting rod R joining said crank, cam or eccentric 11 to the oscillatory arm P of a one-way clutch device N, the output element S of which drives the take-up roller C.
  • the arrangement thus so far described is conventional and is therefore not illustrated.
  • This connecting rod in accordance with the invention comprises two parts, of which is connected to e the eccentric 11 about an axis 12 offset radially from the rotational axis 13 of the eccentric by a distance R1.
  • the other part 14 of the connecting rod is pivotally connected at its lower end (not shown) to the oscillatory arm P of the pawl and ratchet or one-way clutch device N previously mentioned.
  • the two parts 10 and 14 are hingedly coupled to each other by a pin 15 extending through hinge portions 16 and 17 on these parts with the axis of the pin 15 offset laterally from the center line of the parts 10 and 11 whereby these form an obtuse angled elbow structure.
  • a mounting member 18 extending to the side of the part 10 remote from the pin 15, and on this is mounted a cam 19 rotatable about an axis 20.
  • the cam is adapted to be rotated intermittently and uni-directionally by a pawl and ratchet mechanism whereof the ratchet 21 is fast with the cam 19, and the pawl 22 is mounted on an oscillatory arm 23 which is oscillated by a connecting rod 24.
  • a holding pawl 25 is provided on the mounting member 18 to prevent reversed rotation of the cam while permitting it to rotate in the direction of the arrow 26.
  • the rod 24 is moved longitudinally relatively to the part 10 of the main connecting rod by virtue of pivotal connection to a pin 27 spaced radially from the axis 13 by a distance R2 which is less than R1.
  • the cam 19 bears at its periphery on a follower 28 formed as a rigid extension of the hinge part 17 on the connecting rod part 14, and as the rotational position of the cam changes so also does the obtuse angle between the parts 10 and 14 of the main connecting rod, thereby varying the effective length of the latter.
  • the magnitude of each successive intermittent feed step imparted to the take-up roller is changed relative to the preceding one and this is effective to avoid or reduce the incidence of defects of the character previously mentioned.
  • the upper part of the main connecting rod is assembled with the lower part 1 14 for endwise translatory movement between the parts instead of hinging movement.
  • the mounting member 118 includes guide pins 118a engaging in guide openings in the follower part 128.
  • the parts 118 and 128 are adjustable towards and away from each other by rotation of a cam arranged in the same manner as the cam 19 of FIG. 1 but for simplicity not shown in FIG. 2.
  • Suitable means for example tensionsprings, could be provided if necessary for urging the parts 10, 14 and 110, 114 relatively towards each other in a direction to maintain contact between the periphery of the cam and the follower part 28 and 128 as the case may be.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 provide for stepwise variation of the magnitude of each successive feed step of an intermittently advance web.
  • FIG. 3 which shows a further alternative mechanism
  • the two parts of the connecting rod would be fixed respectively to the piston rod 31 of a piston and cylinder assembly 30, and to the cylinder 32 thereof, so that the effective length of the connecting rod can be changed according to the quantity of fluid under pressure, for example hydraulic fluid, admitted to either of the spaces 34 and 35 above and below the piston 36.
  • fluid under pressure for example hydraulic fluid
  • the space 34 is thus connected to one end of a master cylinder 37 by a pipe 38, while the space 35 is connected by a pipe 39 to the other end of the master cylinder 37.
  • a piston 43 is the master cylinder 37 is reciprocated from a driving member such as a crank 40 coupled to a motor, such as an electric motor, through the intermediary of a gear box.
  • a reservoir chamber 41 is pro vided to maintain the system, comprising the two cylinders 37 and 32 and pipes 38 and 39, full of hydraulic fluid, a suitable one-way valve being provided, for example, in the pipe 42, permitting fluid to flow into the system but preventing outflow (except when a predetermined internal pressure in the cylinder and pipe system is exceeded).
  • Change-over of the valves of 1417, 148 is effected by means of an actuating element 152 on a rod 153 coupling piston 143 with piston 154 in the driving cylinder 144.
  • FIG. 3 will provide cyclic variation in the rate of feed of the web in accordance with a simple harmonic characteristic curve (velocity of feed being plotted against time)
  • the system shown in FIG. 4 will provide a symmetrical saw tooth-shaped characteristic.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 While the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has been described in relation to a take-up roller C which is driven intermittently, it will be understood that these arrangements are equally applicable to a connecting rod R in a transmission mechanism for. rotating the take-up roller C continuously.
  • the connecting rod R would simply be connected between the takeup roller C and a continuously rotated crank, cam or eccentric such as 11 on the crankshaft or driving shaft.
  • the rate of advancement of the web can be varied cyclicly by driving the take-up roller C from the motor T through a transmission mechanism as shown at G in FIG. 8.
  • This mechanism incorporates a differential gear having a first continuously rotating input element driven from the motor or driving member, a second input element which is oscillated backwards and forwards, and an output member which drives the take-up roller continuously but at a cyclicly varying rate.
  • FIG. 5 One suitable arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 5. In this Figure, the
  • differential gear 50 is of the specific type and includes an input shaft 51 which is continuously rotated at a uniform rate and carries a sun gear 52.
  • the sun gear 52 meshes with planet gears '53 rotatably mounted on a planet carrier 54 secured to an output shaft 55 which is arranged co-axially with the input shaft 51.
  • the planet gears 53 mesh with a toothed annulus 56 which is adapted to be oscillated backwards and forwards by means of a connecting rod 57 which is pivotally con nected at one end to a flange 58 carried by the annulus 56, and is pivotally connected at its opposite end to an eccentric 59 carried by a continuously rotating input shaft 60.
  • the shaft 51 and 60 may be gearedto one another so that as the input shaft 51 is rotated continuously at a uniform rate, the annulus 56 is oscillated continuously so that the rate of rotation of the output shaft 56 varies cyclicly and continuously.
  • the input shafts 51 and 60 may be interconnected by variable gearing, or they may be driven from separate independent motors.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 A comparison of FIGS. 6 and 7 will show the improvement brought about the scattering of repeat punching and over-needling faults produced in accordance with the invention. It will be noted that in FIG. 6 the fault lines discernable are much more pronounced than in FIG. 7. In particular a line indicated at X, extending along the left-hand margin of FIG. 6 consists of a series of identical groups of very closely spaced holes evidently formed by an overneedling fault with substantial intervening areas where there has been no penetration at all. In contrast the corresponding line, indicated at Y, in FIG. 7 shows difusion of the concentrated groups of penetrations and considerable changes along the length of the line in the configuration presented by the groups of penetrations,
  • the overall cycle time for the cyclic variation of feed step was equivalent to that occupied by fifty penetrations of the web by the needle array.
  • the mean value of the feed step was 0.150 inches and the magnitude of the feed step varied in equal increments up to 0.025 inches above and below the mean value.
  • a needling machine comprising a. a body affording a feed path for the web of fibrous material to be subject to needling,
  • feed means for effecting advancement of the web along the feed path
  • drive means for driving said feed means and said operating means f. first transmission means for transmitting drive to said operating means from said drive means g. second, variable transmission means for transmitting drive from said drive means to said feed means adjustment means operatively associated with said variable transmission means for effecting variation of the magnitude of the feed step of the web relative to the needle array between successive penetrations of the web by the needle array, said adjustment means being drivingly associated with said drive means so as to be driven therefrom, whereby the magnitude of said feed step is auto- 'matically varied throughout a period of operation of the machine 2.
  • the feed means includes a rotary web engaging member
  • said drive means includes a rotary driving member c.
  • said variable transmission means includes a link having a variable dimension
  • the adjustment means is arranged to vary said dimension of the link and thereby vary the instantaneous position of the rotary web engaging member relative to the instantaneous position of the driving member.
  • the drive means includes a rotary driving member
  • the adjustment means comprises a differential gear incorporated in said variable transmission means and having a first continuously rotating input element driven from said rotary driving member, a second input element which is oscillated backwards and forwards, and an output element which drives said rotary web engaging member at a cyclically varying rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US40484A 1969-05-23 1970-05-26 Machine for needling fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3681822A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2635969 1969-05-23
US4048470A 1970-05-26 1970-05-26

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US40484A Expired - Lifetime US3681822A (en) 1969-05-23 1970-05-26 Machine for needling fabrics

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US (1) US3681822A (de)
AT (1) AT324723B (de)
DE (1) DE2025475A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1307844A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2429016A1 (de) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Fiberwoven Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines genadelten textilmaterials
US4891870A (en) * 1987-10-01 1990-01-09 Textilmaschinenfabrik Dr. Ernst Fehrer Aktiengesellschaft Needling apparatus for making a patterned felt web
WO1996023096A1 (fr) * 1995-01-26 1996-08-01 Asselin Procede d'adaptation du pas d'une aiguilleteuse, et aiguilleteuse mettant en ×uvre ce procede
US5896633A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-04-27 Fehrer; Ernst Method and device for needling a web
US5909883A (en) * 1995-01-12 1999-06-08 Asselin Needling machine and associated feed control method
AT405303B (de) * 1996-03-11 1999-07-26 Fehrer Ernst Vorrichtung zum nadeln einer vorverfestigten vliesbahn
US6311375B1 (en) 2000-07-27 2001-11-06 Gilbert Patrick Method of needle punching yarns
US6796115B1 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-09-28 Gilbert Patrick Needle punched yarns
CN102808290A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-05 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒式针刺机
CN102817180A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒回转式针刺机
CN102817182A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒式针刺机
CN102817183A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒针刺机
CN102817181A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒针刺机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT411468B (de) * 2001-09-06 2004-01-26 Fehrer Textilmasch Vorrichtung zum nadeln eines vlieses

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US502376A (en) * 1893-08-01 Fritz ochs
US2036766A (en) * 1932-07-28 1936-04-07 Clark Cutler Mcdermott Company Machine for making needle punched fabric
US2915804A (en) * 1957-02-12 1959-12-08 William Bywater Ltd Driving mechanism of needle looms
US3116534A (en) * 1961-05-02 1964-01-07 William Bywater Ltd Web needling machines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US502376A (en) * 1893-08-01 Fritz ochs
US2036766A (en) * 1932-07-28 1936-04-07 Clark Cutler Mcdermott Company Machine for making needle punched fabric
US2915804A (en) * 1957-02-12 1959-12-08 William Bywater Ltd Driving mechanism of needle looms
US3116534A (en) * 1961-05-02 1964-01-07 William Bywater Ltd Web needling machines

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2429016A1 (de) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Fiberwoven Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines genadelten textilmaterials
US4891870A (en) * 1987-10-01 1990-01-09 Textilmaschinenfabrik Dr. Ernst Fehrer Aktiengesellschaft Needling apparatus for making a patterned felt web
US5909883A (en) * 1995-01-12 1999-06-08 Asselin Needling machine and associated feed control method
WO1996023096A1 (fr) * 1995-01-26 1996-08-01 Asselin Procede d'adaptation du pas d'une aiguilleteuse, et aiguilleteuse mettant en ×uvre ce procede
FR2729977A1 (fr) * 1995-01-26 1996-08-02 Asselin Procede d'adaptation du pas d'une aiguilleteuse, et aiguilleteuse mettant en oeuvre ce procede
AT405303B (de) * 1996-03-11 1999-07-26 Fehrer Ernst Vorrichtung zum nadeln einer vorverfestigten vliesbahn
US5896633A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-04-27 Fehrer; Ernst Method and device for needling a web
US6311375B1 (en) 2000-07-27 2001-11-06 Gilbert Patrick Method of needle punching yarns
US6796115B1 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-09-28 Gilbert Patrick Needle punched yarns
CN102808290A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-05 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒式针刺机
CN102817180A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒回转式针刺机
CN102817182A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒式针刺机
CN102817183A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒针刺机
CN102817181A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-12 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒针刺机
CN102817180B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-07-23 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒回转式针刺机
CN102808290B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-07-23 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒式针刺机
CN102817181B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-07-23 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒针刺机
CN102817182B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-08-13 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 双滚筒式针刺机
CN102817183B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-09-24 常熟市飞龙无纺机械有限公司 滚筒针刺机

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Publication number Publication date
DE2025475A1 (de) 1971-01-07
AT324723B (de) 1975-09-10
GB1307844A (en) 1973-02-21

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