US3679386A - Process and apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3679386A
US3679386A US48334A US3679386DA US3679386A US 3679386 A US3679386 A US 3679386A US 48334 A US48334 A US 48334A US 3679386D A US3679386D A US 3679386DA US 3679386 A US3679386 A US 3679386A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
glass
flat glass
spray
ribbon
metal compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US48334A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Akira Kushihashi
Koji Ikeda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3679386A publication Critical patent/US3679386A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • C03C17/25—Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/001—General methods for coating; Devices therefor
    • C03C17/002—General methods for coating; Devices therefor for flat glass, e.g. float glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/229—Non-specific enumeration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/112—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
    • C03C2218/36—Underside coating of a glass sheet

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass, and more specifically, to a process and an apparatus for use in the continuous production of flat glass and being suitable for continuously forming a thin metal oxide coating on the surface of a ribbon glass in the neighborhood of an inlet of a lehr or in the lehr while the ribbon glass is being transferred to the lehr after formation.
  • flat glass used in the present specification and claims, is meant to include both ribbon glass formed continuously from molten glass and being still uncut, and a sheet glass obtained by cutting the ribbon glass to a suitable size. It is known that coating of a thin film of a metal oxide on the surface of flat glass is practised for the purpose of producing a transparent flat glass having the ability to reflect thermic rays, or of producing a transparent flat glass colored in various colors imparted by the coating, or for other purposes.
  • the conventional method of forming a metal oxide coating on the surface of flat glass involves either 1) heating flat glass cut to a predetermined size and having a cleansed surface to a temperature above about 500C.
  • a solution of a metal compound is diflicult to coat uniformly on large flat glass, resulting in a non-uniform thickness of the coating or non-uniformity of color.
  • glass sheet formed at high temperatures and annealed during its production is again subjected to heating in the formation of an oxide coating.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel process and an apparatus for adhering a uniform and compact metal oxide coating firmly to a flat glass having a relatively large area, especially a glass ribbon formed continuously from molten glass.
  • the present invention provides a process for forming a metal oxide coating on the surface of flat glass, which comprises transferring flat glass maintained at a high temperature towards a lehr, spraying from a nozzle a solution of a metal compound convertible to its oxide on pyrolysis uniformly on the surface of the flat glass at a point where the temperature of the advancing flat glass is at a temperature of 400 to 750 C., thereby to form a coating of the metal oxide on the surface of the flat glass, confining the applied spray of the said metal compound solution within a spray chamber including said nozzle therein and defined by partition walls so as not to scatter said spray in the direction of transferring said flat glass, removing a waste gas of the spray from said spray chamber, and continuously advancing the fiat glass so coated with the metal oxide through the lehr.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on the surface of flat glass, comprising a lehr for annealing flat glass maintained at a high temperature, means for advancing said fiat glass toward and through said lehr, at least one spray gun disposed closely facing the surface of said fiat glass and at a position Where the temperature of the advancing flat glass is 400 to 750 C., a nozzle secured to the top end of said spray gun for spraying a solution of a metal compound onto the surface of the fiat glass, means for feeding said metal compound solution to said spray gun and jetting out said metal compound solution from the nozzle at the top end of the spray gun, partition walls forming together with part of the fiat glass a spray chamber extending in a direction transverse to the advancing direction of said flat glass and including said spray gun and said nozzle therein to confine a spray of said metal compound solution, and exhaust means within said spray chamber including suction holes disposed near the surface of the flat glass to which said metal compound solution is s
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation in vertical section, showing one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation in vertical section showing one embodiment of the spray chamber which constitutes a principal part of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation in vertical section of the spray chamber shown in FIG. 2.
  • the most preferredmode is to spray a solution of a metal compound on the surface of a ribbon glass as-formed from molten glass which is clean and has high activity (namely, readily permitting adhesion of a metal oxide), and to pyrolyze the metal compound on the surface of the ribbon glass to convert it to its oxide
  • the method of producing a transparent ribbon glass having the ability to reflect thermic rays in accordance with this mode of practice will be described in detail with reference with FIG. 1.
  • molten glass 12 is lifted in a perpendicular direction by means of a bending roll 11, turns horizontally, and is formed into a ribbon glass 13.
  • the ribbon glass 13 is successively transferred toward a lehr 14 bymeans of machine rolls 15, and further advanced at a predetermined rate through the lehr by means of a number of conveyor rolls 16 provided within the lehr 14.
  • the ribbon glass 13 formed in a predetermined thickness is gradually cooled during passage through the lehr.
  • a spray gun 20 is disposed beneath the ribbon glass.
  • the lower limit of the temperature range specified above is defined as about 400 C., which is the lowest temperature at which the metal compound can be decomposed on the flat glass with relative ease.
  • the upper limit of this temperature range is defined as about 750 C., which is the highest temperature at which flat glass is relatively free from deformation during transfer thereof.
  • a nozzle 21 is secured to the top end of the spray gun 20, spaced by a suitable distance from the under surface of the ribbon glass 13 and facing the under surface.
  • the spray gun 20 reciprocates in parallel with the surface of the ribbon glass 13 and in a direction at right angles to the advancing direction of the glass.
  • the reciprocating movement of the spray gun can be effected'by any conventional means, and one example is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the spray gun 20 is secured to a-vehicle 23 through a supporting member 24.
  • the vehicle 23 is engaged with a pair ofrails 25 provided in the widthwise direction of the lehr l4, and both ends of the vehicle 23 are connected with both ends, respectively, of a pair of wires 30.
  • the pair of wires 30 run up between a pair of wheels 29 mounted to a rotary shaft 28 anda pair of wheels 38 fixed to a rotary shaft 37 located on the opposite side of the shaft 28.
  • the rotary shaft 28 is driven through a belt 27 by a motor 26 which is rotated in normal and reverse directions by a limit switch (not shown) provided in the vicinity of both ends of the rail 25.
  • a limit switch (not shown) provided in the vicinity of both ends of the rail 25.
  • the pipe 32, pipe 33, and 34 are connected respectively to a water feed opening (not shown), a drain opening (not shown), and a compressor (not shown).
  • the vehicle 23 repeatedly reciprocates in the widthwise direction of ribbon glass 13, and a solution of a metal compound is continuously sprayed uniformly on the under surface of the advancing ribbon glass from the nozzle 21 of the spray gun 20 which cooperates with the vehicle 23.
  • the suitable number of reciprocal movements of the spray gun namely of the vehicle, is 10 times per minute if the rate ofadvance of the ribbon glass 13 is for instance, one meter per minute.
  • a solution of a metal compound consisting of 2.5% by weight of cobalt acetylacetonate, 2.5% by weight of chromium acetylacetonate, 2.25% by weight of iron acetylacetonate, 0.5% by weight of titanium acetylacetonate and 92.25% by weight of benzene as a solvent is fed to the nozzle 21 through the supply pipe 31.
  • a pair of partition walls 17 extending in a direction transverse to the lehr 14 are provided immediately beneath a pair of adjoining conveyor rolls to enclose the spray gun 20 therebetween. Both ends ofthe partition walls 17 are joined to another pair of partition walls 17.
  • the four partition walls 17, 17, 17', 17 form a closed rectangular peripheral wall.
  • the closed peripheral wall has a bottom surface with a slot necessary for the reciprocal movement of the vehicle 23.
  • a substantially closed chamber 18 is formed by the peripheral Wall, the bottom surface, the under surface of flat glass facing the bottom surface of the peripheral wall, and the pair of the conveyor rolls described above.
  • the chamber 18 includes the spray gun 20 and the nozzle 21, so that a sprayed matter (may be called mist hereinafter) of a metal compound solution sprayed against the undersurface of ribbon glass from the nozzle is confined within this chamber 18.
  • the chamber is referred to as spray chamber.
  • spray chamber With the conventional apparatus devoid of such spray chamber, a solution of a metal compound from the nozzle, when sprayed against the undersurface of ribbon glass, is very readily scattered on an air current. This results in the adhesion of a mist of the metal compound solution to undesired parts of fiat glass and causes the non-uniform thickness of a metal oxide coating on the surface of the fiat glass.
  • a decomposition product of the scattered mist of the metal compound solution adheres to the surface of :fiat glass, or the decomposition product which has adhered to transfer rolls again adheres to flat glass, thereby causing haze or irregularity of colour of flat glass.
  • a substantially closed spray chamber of the type described above is provided in order to remove these defects of the prior art, and the mist of the sprayed metal compound solution is confined within the spray chamber 18 to prevent the scattering of the mist in a direction of transfer of glass ribbon 13.
  • the provision of such a spray chamber is one of the novel and superior features of the present invention.
  • the lengths of the partition walls 17 extending in a direction transverse to the lehr 14 should be determined correspondingly to predetermined positions between which the spray gun reciprocates.
  • the sidewalls of the lehr may serve to replace the pair of partition walls 17 extending parallel with the transfer direction of the fiat glass.
  • a pair of rods 19 made of glass wool are provided on the'top ends of the partition walls 17 to elevate the air-tightness of the chamber 18 by sealing a space between the top ends of the partition walls 17 and the conveyor rolls facing the respective partition walls.
  • a pair of draft cones 22 extending along the widthwise direction of the lehr are prow'ded within the spray chamber 18 with the spray gun 20 therebetween.
  • the top ends of the draft cones 22 form suction holes 39 located in the neighborhood of the under surface of glass ribbon 13 and opening toward the under surface of the glass.
  • the bottom ends of the draft cones 22 are connected respectively to ducts 35 which are joined to an exhaustion device 36.
  • a sprayed matter, namely mist, of a solution of a metal compound is confined within the spray chamber 18.
  • a part of the mist filled in the spray chamber adheres to the under surface of the glass ribbon 13, and the metal compound is pyrolyzed by the high temperatures of the ribbon glass and bound with oxygen in the atmosphere thereby to form a coating of a metal oxide on the surface of flat glass.
  • a decomposition gas and undesired decomposition products are formed. These products fill in the spray chamber 18 together with air jetted out from the spray nozzle 21.
  • the decomposition gas and undesired decomposition products occuring during the pyrolysis and the air fed from the compressor and jetted out from the nozzle 21 are inclusively termed spray waste gas.
  • One feature of the process of the present invention is to suck and remove the spray waste gas filling the spray chamber 18 by the action of the exhaustion device 36 by way of the suction holes 39 of the draft cones 22 and through the air ducts 35. Since the spray waste gas is inceimpulsly sucked and removed from the chamber in the manner mentioned above, the efl-ective concentration in the spray chamber 18 of a mist of the metal compound solution jetted out from the nozzle 21 is increased, and the adhesion of the mist to the under surface of the ribbon glass 13 and its pyrolysis are accelerated. Furthermore, the adverse effect of contaminating the under surface of the as-formed glass by the waste gas is greatly reduced, and advantageously, a metal oxide coating formed on the under surface of ribbon glass becomes very compact and adheres to the glass with an improved strength.
  • glass ribbon having formed thereon a metal oxide coating is annealed while being transferred through the lehr 14 by the conveyor rolls 16.
  • Glass sheet obtained by cutting the glass so produced into the desired size has a uniform coat thickness, and no haze nor non-uniformity of color is observed.
  • the glass sheet has an average light transmittance of 52%, and a ratio of reflection of solar energy of 30%.
  • Weather-O-Meter no change was observed after a lapse of 2000 hours. It is presumed that this glass sheet will withstand outdoor exposure for more than 7 years.
  • the position of the spray gun 20 is within the lehr 14. It is not always necessary however that the spray gun 20 be situated inside the lehr. The only requirement as to the position is that the spray gun 20 should be positioned at a point closely facing that part of the flat glass which has a temperature of 6 about 400 to about 750 C. Hence, the spray gun 20 may be provided forward of the lehr 14.
  • the process of the invention is preferable to apply the process of the invention to the under surface, rather than the upper surface, of ribbon glass formed continuously in a horizontal direction by the Colburn process, float process, and rolled process because in such an application, an air current near the ribbon glass does not disturb pattern of the spray.
  • the process of the invention is also applicable to a glass ribbon produced continuously in a vertical direction by such a method as the Fourcault process and Pittsburgh process.
  • both surfaces of glass ribbon may be coated in accordance with the process of the present invention.
  • the invention is practised by one spray gun which reciprocates along the whole width of glass ribbon.
  • one or a plurality of spray guns which swing in a widthwise direction of the glass ribbon or a plurality of spray guns arranged in the widthwise direction of glass ribbon may also be used in the practice of the process of the invention.
  • the process of the invention is also applicable to the case where instead of a glass ribbon, a glass sheet of approporiate size is transferred to the lehr for re-annealing.
  • any solvents which dissolve said metal salts can be used, and usually, methanol, benzene and toluene are employed.
  • a process for forming a metal oxide coating on the surface of flat glass which comprises transferring flat glass maintained at a high temperature towards a lehr, spraying from at least one nozzle a solution of a metal compound convertible to its oxide on pyrolysis uniformity on the surface of the flat glass at a point where the temperature of the advancing flat glass is at a temperature of 400 to 750 0., thereby to form a coating of the metal oxide on the surface of the flat glass, confining the applied spray of the said compound solution within a spray chamber including said nozzle therein and defined by partition walls, thereby preventing said spray from scattering in the direction of advancement of said flat glass, removing by suction the waste gas of the spray from the neighborhood of said flat glass surface in said spray chamber, and continuously advancing the flat glass so coated with said metal oxide through said lehr.
  • An apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on the surface of flat glass comprising a lehr for annealing flat glass maintained at a high temperature, means for advancing said fiat glass toward and through said lehr, at least one spray gun disposed closely facing the surface of said flat glass and at a position where the temperature of the advancing flat glass is 400 to 750 C., a nozzle secured to the top end of said spray gun for spraying a solution of a metal compound onto the surface of the flat glass, means for feeding said metal compound solution to said spray gun and jetting out said solution from the nozzle at the top end of the spray gun, partition walls forming together with part of the flat glass a spray chamber extending in a direction transverse to the advancing direction of said flat glass and including said spray gun and said nozzle therein to confine a spray of said metal compound solution, and exhaust means within said spray chamber including suction holes disposed near the surface of the flat glass to which said metal compound partition walls so as to seal a space between the upper ends of said partition walls and the opposing conveyor

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US48334A 1969-06-30 1970-06-22 Process and apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass Expired - Lifetime US3679386A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5205869 1969-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3679386A true US3679386A (en) 1972-07-25

Family

ID=12904200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US48334A Expired - Lifetime US3679386A (en) 1969-06-30 1970-06-22 Process and apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3679386A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE752779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA922986A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2032375B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2051471A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1283657A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA704336B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414015A (en) * 1980-06-20 1983-11-08 Bfg Glassgroup Process and apparatus for forming a metal or metal compound coating
GB2184748A (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-01 Glaverbel Process and apparatus for coating glass
US4776870A (en) * 1985-08-05 1988-10-11 Ford Motor Company Method for improving emmissivity value of a pyrolytically applied film
GB2209176A (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-05-04 Pilkington Plc Coating glass
EP0415253A3 (en) * 1989-08-31 1991-09-25 Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. Thin film forming apparatus
EP0852570A4 (en) * 1995-09-27 1998-12-09 Glasstech Inc METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COATING A TAPE OF GLASS GLASS AND GLASS GLASS THUS COATED

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5128090B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-03-17 1976-08-17
JPS5737544B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-02-06 1982-08-10
JPS5818333B2 (ja) * 1974-07-02 1983-04-12 日本板硝子株式会社 ガラスヒヨウメンヘノ キンゾクサンカブツヒマクケイセイソウチ
US4584206A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-04-22 Ppg Industries, Inc. Chemical vapor deposition of a reflective film on the bottom surface of a float glass ribbon
US5094882A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-03-10 Ford Motor Company Zinc oxide film growth rate accelerator
RU2288897C2 (ru) * 2004-10-06 2006-12-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "ДОК-Стекло" Способ приготовления раствора для нанесения оксидного покрытия на твердую основу

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414015A (en) * 1980-06-20 1983-11-08 Bfg Glassgroup Process and apparatus for forming a metal or metal compound coating
US4776870A (en) * 1985-08-05 1988-10-11 Ford Motor Company Method for improving emmissivity value of a pyrolytically applied film
GB2184748A (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-01 Glaverbel Process and apparatus for coating glass
GB2184748B (en) * 1985-12-20 1989-10-18 Glaverbel Process and apparatus for coating glass
US4878934A (en) * 1985-12-20 1989-11-07 Glaverbel Process and apparatus for coating glass
GB2209176A (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-05-04 Pilkington Plc Coating glass
EP0415253A3 (en) * 1989-08-31 1991-09-25 Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. Thin film forming apparatus
EP0852570A4 (en) * 1995-09-27 1998-12-09 Glasstech Inc METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COATING A TAPE OF GLASS GLASS AND GLASS GLASS THUS COATED

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA922986A (en) 1973-03-20
ZA704336B (en) 1971-11-24
DE2032375B2 (de) 1973-11-29
BE752779A (fr) 1970-12-01
GB1283657A (en) 1972-08-02
FR2051471A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-02
DE2032375A1 (de) 1971-02-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3679386A (en) Process and apparatus for forming a metal oxide coating on flat glass
US3885066A (en) Method for coating continuously advancing substrate
US3223549A (en) Coating of glass sheet while deformable and supported on gas
US3019136A (en) Treating glass sheets
US3951633A (en) Method for producing patterned glass on a float ribbon
JP4124046B2 (ja) 金属酸化物被膜の成膜方法および蒸着装置
FI61859B (fi) Saett att bilda ett enhetligt oeverdrag av metall eller en metallfoerening pao ytan av ett glasunderlag och anordning foer att bilda ett dylikt oeverdrag
US3689304A (en) Treating glass
DK154340B (da) Fremgangsmaade til belaegning af glas med en belaegning omfattende silicium samt apparat til udoevelse af fremgangsmaaden
JPWO2002051767A1 (ja) 保護被膜を有する板ガラス及びその製造方法
US2383470A (en) Method of and apparatus for cleaning and surface-coating glass and the like
US4522847A (en) Coating vitreous substrates
CN102372442A (zh) 一种大面积双面氟掺杂氧化锡透明导电薄膜的喷涂方法
JP2017532281A (ja) ガラス処理
JP2008517453A (ja) 導電層のエッチング装置およびエッチング方法
CN220642927U (zh) 一种用于制备高平整度超薄镀膜玻璃的镀膜装置
CN212246775U (zh) 一种在线镀膜的u型玻璃的生产装置
JP2001261373A (ja) 薄膜の形成方法および薄膜付き板ガラス
CN110614873A (zh) 一种汝艺钛瓷板画的制作方法
US3245376A (en) Process and apparatus for filming irregular shaped objects
US2746210A (en) Method of producing filmed and tempered glass sheets
US2411701A (en) Apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass
US2703767A (en) Transparent electrically conducting unit
JPS595706Y2 (ja) 金属酸化物被膜を有する帯状ガラスの製造装置
CN104233151A (zh) 带钢连续热镀铝锌生产工艺