US3673624A - Suspension bridge - Google Patents

Suspension bridge Download PDF

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Publication number
US3673624A
US3673624A US64725A US3673624DA US3673624A US 3673624 A US3673624 A US 3673624A US 64725 A US64725 A US 64725A US 3673624D A US3673624D A US 3673624DA US 3673624 A US3673624 A US 3673624A
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United States
Prior art keywords
girder
bridge
bands
suspension bridge
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US64725A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Finsterwalder
Klemens Finsterwalder
Hans Stefaniak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Walter Bau AG
Original Assignee
Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691941977 external-priority patent/DE1941977B1/de
Priority claimed from DE19691941978 external-priority patent/DE1941978A1/de
Application filed by Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG filed Critical Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3673624A publication Critical patent/US3673624A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
    • E01D11/02—Suspension bridges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to bridge structures and is particularly concerned with suspension bridges where the reinforcing girder is in the form of a box girder with solid walls of streamlined shape.
  • the stiffening or reinforcing girder was constructed as a hollow box girder having truss or frame-like walls in order to impart to it great torsional stiffness or strength.
  • the runway was made permeable to permit the passage of wind, for example, by means of a grid covering to reduce the attacking wind forces.
  • this problem is solved in connection with a suspension bridge having a wide span by a stiffening girder in the form of a streamlined solid walled box girder in that the stiflening girder is suspended by vertical hangers from a supporting cable arranged in the vertical central plane of the bridge and connected pivotally with the hangers.
  • the dampening of the oscillations caused by the wind is obtained in accordance with the invention by applying a new method, namely the discording or detuning of the frequencies of the oscillating parts.
  • the essential structural elements of the suspension bridge in accordance with the invention comprise the combination of the torsion resistant hollow box of streamlined construction with a single carrying cable arranged in the central plane of the bridge together with vertical hangers which extend also vertically in their plane and are connected in articulated or flexible fashion to the stiffening girder,'so that it can also eflect rocking movements about its longitudinal axis.
  • stiffening girder in the form of a solid walled hollow box with a top and bottom cover plate disposed parallel relative to one another along a continuous edge withinwardly buckled side walls, where ledges extend from the edges formed by buckling the side walls, vertical bands are arranged for preventing oscillations caused by winds at the outer border of the two ledges, which in their'regions adjacent the longitudinal borders of each band are more penetrable, and in their inner regions adjacent the ledges are less penetrable for air whirls that emanate from the edges of the hollow box.
  • These bands may be connected with the ledges approximately at their longitudinal center axis.
  • the width thereof may be approximately one-half of the structural height of the hollow box and the bands may be so arranged that their upper sides are disposed approximately in the plane of the runway.
  • A- preferred embodiment of the suspension bridge in accordance with the invention is furthermore characterized in that the pylons are A shaped with struts disposed on both sides of the stiffening girder, are made of reinforced concrete, and are anchored proximate the ends of the bridge by retaining or guy cables, which extend steeper in the projection to the vertical central plane than the carrying or supporting cable, preferably less than 45 relative to the horizontal, that the supporting cable and the retaining cables are made of tensioning elements which are disposed closely together embedded in concrete which cross over one another and are anchored in the head. of the pylons and that between each pylon and the stiffening girder a connection is provided which absorbs a bend and torsion.
  • two retaining cables are provided which extend approximately through the oblique planes defined by the struts of the pylons.
  • the retaining cables reach back into the land area less than supporting cables of conventional suspension bridges that are placed over pylons. This in turn makes it possible to locate the pylons more closely to the banks or shoreline,
  • the choice of material of different strength for the carrying cables in the inner area of the bridge and the retaining cables in its outer area provides the advantage that the material in the inner area of the bridge which is of better quality provides for greater elasticity and softness of the bridge in connection with smaller weight, while the arrangement of material of poorer quality for the retaining cables effects greater rigidity there, which results in that the pylon with the retaining cables constitutes, in a way, a stiff anchoring support or trestle for the carrying cable.
  • a further advantage of the bridge in accordance with the invention resides in its outward appearance.
  • the appearance of the bridge exists in that the heretofore unavoidableunattractive intersections of the two cables and of the trusses are avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the suspension bridge in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section, drawn to a larger scale, taken along line 11-11 in FIG. I centrally of the bridge;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view in the direction of the arrow III in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-section taken along line VV in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 is a section illustrating details of the supporting or carrying cable and the arrangement of the suspension or hanger bars
  • FIG. 7 is a further detail illustrating the disposition of the threaded steel bars of the cable in groups
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the manner in which the individual tensioning members of the carrying cable are fanned out and crossed over by the tensioning members of the retaining cables and anchored in the pylons;
  • FIGS. 10, 1 1 and 12 are a side view, a transverse section and a section taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 10, respectively, of the suspension or hanger arrangement.
  • the supporting cable 2 extends between the two pylons l, and on it the stiffening or reinforcing girder 4 is suspended by means of verticalhangers 3.
  • the supporting cable 2 in the embodiment shown consists of a large number of closely adjacent tensioning members of a quality of steel such as is conventional in reinforced or prestressed concrete construction, which are encompassed on all sides by concrete and arranged inside of a box-like structural element from sheet metal, plastic material or the like.
  • the carrying cable 2 runs generally centrally into the head 5 of the pylons 1 (FIG; 4) where the tensioning members are individually fanned and anchored.
  • the tensioning members of the carrying cable are crossed over in the head 5 of the pylons l by tensioning members of the retaining cables 6 which are constructed inthe same manner as the carrying cable 2 entering from the side, which are likewise anchored there individually. in a manner known from prestressed concrete con struction.
  • These retaining cables 6 transmit the cable tension forces of the carrying cable 2 into the ground of the foundation along a short path. They define a trestle with the pylon that extensively prevents movements thereof which could cause bending loads.
  • the same purpose is also served if higher quality steel is used for the carrying cable and steel of lesser quality for the retaining cable.
  • the retaining cables 6 are suitably disposed in the two oblique planes defined by the struts 7 of the pylons 1 in order to insure that the stresses of the pylon struts are applied as close to the center as possible.
  • the reinforcing or stiflening girder 4 is in the form of a closed box girder; it has a top deck plate 8 which supports the runway 9 as well as a lower cover plate 10; the side walls 11 extend in their upper region obliquely outwardly and are buckled inwardly above an edge 12 which extends throughout the full length of the reinforcing girder. Along the edge 12 ledges 13 are arranged that cantilever out to form walkways.
  • a bending and torsion absorbing connection 4a is disposed between each strut 7 and the adjacent side portion of the girder 4.
  • bands 14 are connected substantially at the height of their center axes, whose height that-depends from the height of the hollow box is approximately half as great as that of the hollow box.
  • the bands 14 are provided with perforations 15 which are larger in the areas proximate the longitudinal borders or edges of the bands than in the inner areas, which results in different permeabilities.
  • the perforations 15 of the bands are substantially circular, as indicated in FIG. 3. However, they may also have a difl'erent outline, as long as it is ascertained that the permeability in the outer areas is greater than in the inner area.
  • the runways per se are limited laterally and at thecenter by guide rails or baffle plates 16, which in order to decrease the air resistance may be made of steel cables.
  • the heavy suspension cable 2 shown in FIG. 6 comprises in the present example a number of groups 17, each of which has seven tension members 18 that are arranged in honeycomb fashion. They are held together by an enclosure 19 and are separated from one another by spacers 20. The bars in the groups 17, as well as the groups in the cable 2, are enclosed by an outer casing 21 made of plastic. v
  • the hangers 3 pass through the cable 2 in perpendicular direction, and they are anchored at the top by means of nuts 22.
  • the plate 23 between the nuts 22 and the casing 21 is of elastic material such as rubber or neoprene.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 The anchoring for the tension members 18 of the supporting cable 2 is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the retaining cables 6 are anchored in a similar manner.
  • FIGS. 10-12 illustrate how the hangers 3 pass through an aperture 24 of the top deck plate 8 and are anchored at the lower end of a bridge member 27, defined by two lateral metal sheets 25 and a bottom plate 26.
  • the anchoring is the same as atthe upper end of the supporting cable 2 by means of nuts identified here as 28 and, if desired, by interposing a plate of elastic material such as rubber, identified here as 29.
  • the hangers 3 are disposed on both sides of transverse supports 30.
  • Wide span suspension bridge having a streamlined stiffening girder in the form of a box girder having solid walls, a supporting or carrying cable disposed generally centrally of the bridge, vertically disposed suspension elements each suspended at one end from said cable and supporting said girder at the other end, articulated connections between the other ends of said suspension elements and said girder, pylons supporting said cable, said pylons being generally A-shaped and having struts on both sides of said girder and being made of steel embedded in concrete, anchoring or retaining cables extending rearwardly of said pylons and being anchored in the ground at the shorelines, said anchoring cables being disposed at angles steeper than the projection of the carrying cable relative to the vertical central plane of the bridge, preferably less than 45 with respect to the horizontal, said carrying cable and said anchoring cables being in the form of tensioning members placed closely together and embedded in concrete, said tensioning members crossing over one another and being anchored in the heads of said pylons, and a bending and torsion absorbing connection
  • Suspension bridge in accordance with claim 2, comprising a runway on top of said girder and where the upper borders of said bands are disposed substantially in the plane of the top of said runway.
  • Suspension bridge in accordance with claim 1 including two anchoring cables extending generally in the oblique planes defined by said pylon struts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
US64725A 1969-08-18 1970-08-18 Suspension bridge Expired - Lifetime US3673624A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691941977 DE1941977B1 (de) 1969-08-18 1969-08-18 Versteifungstraeger fuer eine Haengebruecke
DE19691941978 DE1941978A1 (de) 1969-08-18 1969-08-18 Haengebruecke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3673624A true US3673624A (en) 1972-07-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US64725A Expired - Lifetime US3673624A (en) 1969-08-18 1970-08-18 Suspension bridge

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Country Link
US (1) US3673624A (OSRAM)
JP (1) JPS4827028B1 (OSRAM)
CA (1) CA921211A (OSRAM)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069765A (en) * 1974-12-10 1978-01-24 Gerhard Muller Cableway system and particularly support system therefor
US4352220A (en) * 1979-09-20 1982-10-05 Polensky & Zollner Method for the construction of a cable-stayed or rein-girth bridge
US4513465A (en) * 1981-08-17 1985-04-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Stiffening girder for a stayed cable bridge
US4741063A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-05-03 Stretto di Messina, S.P.A. Suspension bridge structure with flutter damping means
US4777686A (en) * 1986-01-29 1988-10-18 Figg And Muller Engineers, Inc. Method of constructing a cable stayed segmental bridge
US5121518A (en) * 1988-02-05 1992-06-16 Jean Muller Cable-stayed bridge and construction process
US5640732A (en) * 1992-10-28 1997-06-24 Stretto Di Messina S.P.A. Windbreak barrier for a suspension bridge structure, comprising flutter damping means
US6401285B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2002-06-11 David C. Morris Undulating support structure bridge
US6560807B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2003-05-13 Freyssinet International (Stup) Cable with parallel wires for building work structure, anchoring for said cable, and anchoring method
US20070124876A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-07 Tao Jian R Self-anchored suspension bridge
US20080313825A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2008-12-25 Jun Murakoshi Cable Stayed Suspension Bridge Making Combined Use of One-Box and Two-Box Girders
US20170138637A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2017-05-18 Ahmed ADEL Holding device
GB2546779A (en) * 2016-01-28 2017-08-02 Michael Corney John Suspension bridges SB1
CN114717939A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-08 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 一种超高空间钻石型四塔肢索塔及其施工方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5172529A (ja) * 1974-12-20 1976-06-23 Tohoku Shinpan Kk Shohinkonyumoshikomisho
JPS5237540U (OSRAM) * 1975-09-09 1977-03-16
JPS5425332U (OSRAM) * 1977-07-20 1979-02-19

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132363A (en) * 1960-05-16 1964-05-12 Roberts Gilbert Suspension bridges
DE1176170B (de) * 1957-05-28 1964-08-20 Johannes Doernen Schraegseilbruecke

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1176170B (de) * 1957-05-28 1964-08-20 Johannes Doernen Schraegseilbruecke
US3132363A (en) * 1960-05-16 1964-05-12 Roberts Gilbert Suspension bridges

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Engineering News Record, Dec. 19, 1964 page 130 *
Popular Mechanics Sept. 1953 page 137 *

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069765A (en) * 1974-12-10 1978-01-24 Gerhard Muller Cableway system and particularly support system therefor
US4352220A (en) * 1979-09-20 1982-10-05 Polensky & Zollner Method for the construction of a cable-stayed or rein-girth bridge
US4513465A (en) * 1981-08-17 1985-04-30 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Stiffening girder for a stayed cable bridge
US4777686A (en) * 1986-01-29 1988-10-18 Figg And Muller Engineers, Inc. Method of constructing a cable stayed segmental bridge
US4741063A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-05-03 Stretto di Messina, S.P.A. Suspension bridge structure with flutter damping means
US5121518A (en) * 1988-02-05 1992-06-16 Jean Muller Cable-stayed bridge and construction process
US5640732A (en) * 1992-10-28 1997-06-24 Stretto Di Messina S.P.A. Windbreak barrier for a suspension bridge structure, comprising flutter damping means
US6401285B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2002-06-11 David C. Morris Undulating support structure bridge
US6560807B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2003-05-13 Freyssinet International (Stup) Cable with parallel wires for building work structure, anchoring for said cable, and anchoring method
US6658684B2 (en) 1999-09-15 2003-12-09 Freyssinet International (Stup) Cable with parallel wires for building work structure, anchoring for said cable and anchoring method
US20080313825A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2008-12-25 Jun Murakoshi Cable Stayed Suspension Bridge Making Combined Use of One-Box and Two-Box Girders
US7743444B2 (en) * 2004-06-09 2010-06-29 Incorporated Administrative Agency Public Works Research Institute Cable stayed suspension bridge making combined use of one-box and two-box girders
US20070124876A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-07 Tao Jian R Self-anchored suspension bridge
US7415746B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2008-08-26 Sc Solutions Method for constructing a self anchored suspension bridge
US20170138637A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2017-05-18 Ahmed ADEL Holding device
US10634386B2 (en) * 2012-09-10 2020-04-28 Ahmed Adel Holding device
GB2546779A (en) * 2016-01-28 2017-08-02 Michael Corney John Suspension bridges SB1
WO2017129937A1 (en) * 2016-01-28 2017-08-03 John Michael Corney Long span suspension bridges - cable geometry
GB2546779B (en) * 2016-01-28 2018-03-28 Michael Corney John Suspension bridges
CN114717939A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-08 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 一种超高空间钻石型四塔肢索塔及其施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA921211A (en) 1973-02-20
JPS4827028B1 (OSRAM) 1973-08-18

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