US3671752A - Locking device using radiation conducting key - Google Patents

Locking device using radiation conducting key Download PDF

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Publication number
US3671752A
US3671752A US3671752DA US3671752A US 3671752 A US3671752 A US 3671752A US 3671752D A US3671752D A US 3671752DA US 3671752 A US3671752 A US 3671752A
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United States
Prior art keywords
key
laser radiation
locking device
predetermined
pattern
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Sten-Lennart Bostrom
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F3/00—Optical logic elements; Optical bistable devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B49/00—Electric permutation locks; Circuits therefor ; Mechanical aspects of electronic locks; Mechanical keys therefor
    • E05B49/002—Keys with mechanical characteristics, e.g. notches, perforations, opaque marks
    • E05B49/006—Keys with mechanical characteristics, e.g. notches, perforations, opaque marks actuating opto-electronic devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S70/00—Locks
    • Y10S70/51—Light sensitive control means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Security locking device comprising mechanical locking means adapted to be electrically controlled, a source of laser radiation a plurality of opto-electrical transducers, a light conducting key insertable into a mating key hole and arranged to thereby connect the source with the transducers for transmission of laser radiation thereto to open the mechanical locking means.
  • the present invention relates to a locking device, having a practically unlimited number of possible combinations and is wholly secure against any unauthorized use and furthermore, cannot possibly be copied.
  • a locking device comprises a transmitter for laser radiation by optical or electrooptical means can be directed towards desired targets, a receiver comprising said targets and arranged to actuate a connecting means, and a key, which is insertable between the transmitter and the receiver in order to direct the radiation to said desired targets.
  • the receiver can be arranged to electromagnetically control connecting means for a mechanical lock, and the key can be arranged, when inserted in a keyhole, to actuate means for the connection of the radiation source.
  • the key can be provided with manually operative means in order to actuate one or several radiation paths or the radiation intensities through the key to the receiver.
  • the receiver can comprise one photoelectric cell for each one of the targets, and said cell can be allotted an amplifier and each amplifier can be arranged to actuate a flip-flop, when it receives a determined voltage from its photoelectric cell.
  • a number of flip-flops are arranged to control a gate unit provided with a series of inputs and arranged to control a means intended to actuate the connecting means, when a predetermined input condition pattern is present.
  • the radiation can comprise a number of radiation components of different wave length being arranged selectively to be directed towards different targets. Said components can be polarized in different ways.
  • the key is suitably arranged to control or convey radiation along different paths of direction in the key to one and the same or to different targets. Thereby the key can damp or polarize different radiation components in different manners.
  • the key can be arranged to refract or diverge different radiation components to different parting points from the key which points are located right in front of respectively corresponding targets of the receiver.
  • the paths of direction for different radiation components in the key consist of transparent material in an otherwise opaque key.
  • the key can suitably be provided with portions having different optical qualities for different paths of direction and/or radiation components through the key.
  • the key can suitably be provided with color filters for different color components contained in the radiation spectrum and also with polarization filters for different components contained in the radiation spectrum.
  • the key can also. be provided with distinct prisms in order to diverge different color components of the radiation in a different way.
  • the gate unit is suitably comprised of a number of serial steps of parallel simple AND-gates and/or OR-gates.
  • the key is provided with an axial bore, to which the radiation of the transmitter is directed, and a number of cross bores or output terminalscutting the path of the axial bore, to which cross bores different components of the radiation can be selectively directed for transmission to opposed target channels in the walls of the keyhole.
  • a locking device comprising electrical coupling means controlled by a key and preferably adapted to control a mechanical lock in an electro-magnetic way, characterized by a transmitter for laser radiation or other optical radiation, a receiver having a plurality of discrete target points excitable by said radiation, an equal plurality of opto-electrical transducers, one assigned to each target point and each transducer being arranged to actuate a corresponding coupling means upon the excitation of the target point assigned thereto, and a key being insertable between the transmitter and the receiver and arranged to selectively control and/or direct said radiation to a number of predetermined target points of the receiver.
  • FIG. 1 shows a key inserted in its key hole
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section at right angle to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a gate unit
  • FIG. 4 shows a number of suitable elementary types of gates.
  • the key N on its handle portion is provided with a dial IS having a graduation with figure indications, and said handle is also provided with an index mark IM.
  • the figure graduation is illustrated with eight division units 1-8.
  • Another corresponding dial can be provided on the opposite side of the handle.
  • the dials one can have one or several rotatable rings with figure indications to make possible the proper alignment of the figures of a code number of several digits in a manner known in connection with cipher code locks and combination locks.
  • there is only one dial IS and that said dial, via a coupling arm RM, actuates the setting means of the key which will be described in more detail below.
  • the position of the dial in the illustration with the digit 3 set adjacent to the index mark IM is assumed to be the right code position for the key in question.
  • the end of the key actuates a contact K located in the bottom of the hole.
  • the contact K connects a laser beam LS, which is directed through a hole 10 towards a bore 11 in the key.
  • the bore can be filled with a transparent material, e.g. crystal glass or other material of similar optical properties.
  • the laser beam LS is assumed to be polarized and composed of by five color components, namely one blue B, one green G, one yellow Y, one red R, and one ultraviolet component U.
  • the blue component B of the beam hits a first edge 12 of a prism in the bore 11 and is reflected by said edge through a cross bore and further a second edge 13, from which it is reflected in the opposite direction through a cross bore 101 extending in the other direction.
  • the green radiation component G is reflected through cross bores 102, 103, the yellow component Y through cross bores 104, 105, the red component R through cross bores 106, 107, and the ultraviolet component U through cross bores 108,109.
  • Each cross bore 100-109 comprises a color filter indicated with F1-F5, said filters only being marked with indications for the left column of bores. These filters only let through the color component related to the bore in question.
  • each cross bore has a set of polarization filters Pl-PS belonging thereto, indications only being inserted for the left column of bores.
  • the ones located in the bores 103 and 106 (P4) are adjustable by means of the belt RM connected with the dial IS. As a result, this degree of light which is transmitted through these filters can be varied by rotating said dial IS.
  • FIG. 2 a cross section through the key N is shown, and it is evident that in this embodiment there are provided four series of rows of cross bores CHI-CH4, of which the series CH1 represents the bores 100, 102, 104, 106, 108 and the series CH3 represents the bores 101, 103, 105, 107, 109.
  • the spiral arrangement of the reflection edges 12, 13 is shown.
  • the cross bores 100-109 are set directly adjacent the corresponding channels or target terminals 200-209 in the lock, and in the lower row of channels the channels 201 and 209 are shown provided with polarization and color filters PF] and PFS belonging thereto.
  • Each channel 200-209 has, of course, an own corresponding polarization and color filter, although in order to simplify the drawing these have been omitted.
  • the channel 201 is allotted said filter PF], a photoelectric cell PHI, and amplifier NVI, a flip-flop FFl, and an output U1.
  • the channel 209 is shown and is allotted the corresponding units PFS, PHS, NVS, FFS and U5.
  • the outputs are shown as being unipolar, but are in reality assumed to be bipolar, as will be evident from the following.
  • the said outputs UI-U5 are connected with a gate unit GK, which will be described more in detail below, and in turn they are connected control a lock gate GL operating a magnetic lock.
  • each one of these color components can be polarized in many different ways. Below, only three different polarizations of the incoming colors are dealt with, but intermediate degrees of polarization are also available for use.
  • the gate unit GK illustrated in FIGS. I and 3 can be made in a great number of different variants of combination.
  • FIG. 4 a table of different types are shown, namely eight simple gates, which can be used in the assembly of gate unit GK.
  • the inputs a and b and the outputs z are shown with the corresponding conditions indicated with L and H, respectively, which by way of example can mean low voltage and high voltage, respectively.
  • the top square of the right column thus indicates that for the adjoining AND-gate and the adjoining OR-gate the input condition L on both a and b gives the output condition L on 1, that H and L respectively and L and H respectively on a and I; give L on 1, while H on both a and I) gives H on z.
  • FIG. 3 an example of the structure of the circuit GK is illustrated using only AND-circuits according to FIG. 4, which AND-circuits are indicated with O,P,Q,S in order to facilitate their identification.
  • the output terminals Ul-US illustrated as unipolar terminals are, in fact, bipolar terminals and have been provided with the indications L and H analogous to the table in FIG. 4.
  • the flipflops FFl-FFS are all in the setup positions and their output terminals then have the conditions L and H from left to right of all outputs Ul-US as is shown in FIG. 3.
  • each gate is assumed to have reversed out conditions on both their terminals as shown in FIG. 3, i.e. H and L.
  • the conditions L and H have been indicated on the inputs and outputs of all the gates shown in FIG. 3 in order to facilitate the understanding of the logic function of diagram in the diagram.
  • the indications O, P, Q, S according to FIG. 4 also appear in FIG. 3.
  • the unit GK gives the condition L to the locking gate GL in order to open the magnetic lock. It is understood that FIG. 3 therefore corresponds the condition L and H on the respective positions obtained by inserting the correct key in the key hole.
  • the four gates S, Q, 0, P are connected with eight of the terminals L and H from Ul-US,
  • the laser beam LS is connected. It is assumed that the input polarizations for the color components are for the blue B polarization, 180 for the green G, 180 for the yellow Y, 90 for the red R, and 45 for the ultraviolet U. If the dial IS is set on the correct value 3, it is assumed that the different level deciding polarization filter sets PI-PS are set for the respective polarizations 45, 60, 30, 30, and 45 for the colors B, G, Y, R and U.
  • laser beams are considerably better suited than common light in order to obtain selective division into monochromatic monotype beams of a very small cross section. Therefore, applying the known optical laws and using very small optical components it is possible to obtain a whole series of well defined small points (spots) on a receiving surface without using any bore according to FIG. 1.
  • the key can further be completely transparent and can even be shaped in such a way that no individual optical components can be discerned with the naked eye, by for example having different portions of the key made of material of different optical qualities.
  • Such optical qualities can, for example, comprise the refractive power, the polarization, the opacity, and the color transmission.
  • a locking device lends itself to be made in a practically unlimited number of combinations and that therefore one never needs to have two completely identical locks and keys. In reality it is quite possible to allot each individual a unique key and thus use such keys for the purpose of identification of persons. It is further understood that it is completely impossible to copy such a key, if it is made according to'the present invention as described above, because it is for all practical purposes impossible to measure the data of such a key and then make it without having access to the manufacturing equipment of the manufacturer.
  • the laser radiation can be used for obtaining a starting and feeding action in the key of means for generation and direction of other kind of energy than laser energy to said targets, for example by means of solar cells actuated by the laser radiation.
  • a security locking device comprising a. mechanical locking means adapted to be electrically controlled,
  • a key insertable into a mating key hole means and arranged to thereby connect said laser radiation source with said laser, radiation receiver for transmission of laser tributed and spaced according to said first pattern, each output terminal being arranged, upon the correct insertion of said key into said key hole means, to cooperate with a respective target tenninal to supply laser radiation thereto.
  • a plurality of opto-electrical transducers each having an input connected to at least one of said target terminals and each being arranged to generate an output signal when receiving as an input a predetermined value of some characteristic property of said laser radiation
  • plurality of electrical circuit means each connected to a respective of said transducers and arranged to be actuated when receiving an input signal from said transducers, said circuit means being arranged to be actuated according to a third predetermined pattern when said second preterrnined pattern corresponds to the pattern of predetermined input values to said transducers, and said third output pattern being effective to open said mechanical locking means.
  • a locking device wherein said laser radiation comprises a number of components having different wave lengths, said components being arranged to be directed by said key to different target terminals.
  • a locking device wherein said laser radiation comprises a number of components having mutually different polarizations, said components being arranged to be directed by said key to different target terminals.
  • a locking device comprising a plurality of regions having predetermined different optical characteristics selected for at least one predetermined optical effect on at least one predetermined characteristic property of laser radiation passing through each of said regions.
  • a locking device wherein said key is arranged to actuate a starting means for said laser radiation source upon insertion of the key into said key hole means.
  • a locking device wherein said key is provided with manual control means for modifying at least one of said laser radiation paths and laser radiation intensities through the key to said receiver.
  • said laser radiation receiver comprises one photoelectric cell per target terminal, where an amplifier is connected to each photoelectric cell and each amplifier is arranged to control a flip-flop upon receiving a predetermined voltage from its corresponding photoelectric cell.
  • a locking device wherein a number of said flip-flops are arranged to control a gate unit, said gate unit comprising a number of series stages of elementary parallel gates and a series of inputs, and said gate unit being arranged to control said mechanical locking means upon the appearance of a predetermined pattern of input conditions on said series of inputs.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
US3671752D 1969-01-07 1970-01-05 Locking device using radiation conducting key Expired - Lifetime US3671752A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE15469A SE330133B (sv) 1969-01-07 1969-01-07

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US3671752D Expired - Lifetime US3671752A (en) 1969-01-07 1970-01-05 Locking device using radiation conducting key

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US (1) US3671752A (sv)
JP (1) JPS5016720B1 (sv)
DE (1) DE2000441C3 (sv)
GB (1) GB1293123A (sv)
SE (1) SE330133B (sv)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2516283A1 (de) * 1975-04-14 1976-10-21 Nixdorf Computer Ag Gemeinschaftsschloss fuer registrier- bzw. kellnerkassen, waechter- oder kontrolleinrichtungen oder dergleichen
US5043593A (en) * 1988-07-11 1991-08-27 Kokusan Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Optical theft deterrent system
US5055668A (en) * 1989-05-24 1991-10-08 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Photo-sensor cell suitable for IC chip
US5119065A (en) * 1991-01-14 1992-06-02 Wiehagen Fred A Vehicle protection system
WO2003104590A1 (de) * 2002-06-06 2003-12-18 Codixx Ag Optisches sicherheitssystem
US20050270767A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-08 Jian-Choung Doong Lock module using colored light rays to identify the application of an accurate key
US8922333B1 (en) 2013-09-10 2014-12-30 Gregory Paul Kirkjan Contactless electronic access control system
US9704316B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2017-07-11 Gregory Paul Kirkjan Contactless electronic access control system
US11574513B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2023-02-07 Lockfob, Llc Electronic access control
EP4158141A4 (en) * 2020-06-02 2024-06-05 John Joseph Ryan ELECTRONIC LOCKING SYSTEM

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES470713A1 (es) * 1977-06-13 1979-01-16 Rappoport Valentin Dispositivo de cerradura y llave
DE3314573A1 (de) * 1983-04-22 1984-10-25 Fichtel & Sachs Ag, 8720 Schweinfurt Zentralverriegelungsanlage
GB2141775B (en) * 1983-06-17 1987-08-05 Wilmot Breeden Ltd Key-operated locking device
FR2560919B1 (fr) * 1984-02-20 1988-09-30 Radosavljevic Milenko Serrure a codeurs optoelectroniques
GB2158911A (en) * 1984-05-05 1985-11-20 Unimax Switch Ltd Machinery security systems
KR920700341A (ko) * 1989-02-22 1992-02-19 마르 프랑스와 앙겔루시 열쇠 또는 카드를 이용하는 안전장치
DE4000643B4 (de) * 1989-10-20 2004-04-29 Karl Fliether Gmbh & Co. Kg Türschloß, insbesondere Einsteckschloß
RU2023126C1 (ru) * 1990-11-13 1994-11-15 Юрий Витальевич Кудрявцев Запорное предохранительное устройство

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3068362A (en) * 1961-06-08 1962-12-11 Ibm Polarized light control
US3120125A (en) * 1960-08-03 1964-02-04 American Pyrotector Inc Liquid level determining devices and method
US3142761A (en) * 1960-11-30 1964-07-28 Control Data Corp Photosensitive line following servo system for reading machines
US3328790A (en) * 1964-08-05 1967-06-27 Sylvania Electric Prod Display devices
US3383513A (en) * 1965-03-22 1968-05-14 Thompson Wendell L Electric key-card system with a plural photoelectric cell bridge circuit
US3519116A (en) * 1968-05-16 1970-07-07 Imagination Designs Eng & Sale Optical keyboard control means with series and parallel light circuits
US3532434A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-10-06 American Hospital Supply Corp Photometer construction

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120125A (en) * 1960-08-03 1964-02-04 American Pyrotector Inc Liquid level determining devices and method
US3142761A (en) * 1960-11-30 1964-07-28 Control Data Corp Photosensitive line following servo system for reading machines
US3068362A (en) * 1961-06-08 1962-12-11 Ibm Polarized light control
US3328790A (en) * 1964-08-05 1967-06-27 Sylvania Electric Prod Display devices
US3383513A (en) * 1965-03-22 1968-05-14 Thompson Wendell L Electric key-card system with a plural photoelectric cell bridge circuit
US3532434A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-10-06 American Hospital Supply Corp Photometer construction
US3519116A (en) * 1968-05-16 1970-07-07 Imagination Designs Eng & Sale Optical keyboard control means with series and parallel light circuits

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2516283A1 (de) * 1975-04-14 1976-10-21 Nixdorf Computer Ag Gemeinschaftsschloss fuer registrier- bzw. kellnerkassen, waechter- oder kontrolleinrichtungen oder dergleichen
US5043593A (en) * 1988-07-11 1991-08-27 Kokusan Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Optical theft deterrent system
US5055668A (en) * 1989-05-24 1991-10-08 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Photo-sensor cell suitable for IC chip
US5119065A (en) * 1991-01-14 1992-06-02 Wiehagen Fred A Vehicle protection system
WO2003104590A1 (de) * 2002-06-06 2003-12-18 Codixx Ag Optisches sicherheitssystem
US7138903B2 (en) * 2004-06-02 2006-11-21 Jian-Choung Doong Lock module using colored light rays to identify the application of an accurate key
US20050270767A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-08 Jian-Choung Doong Lock module using colored light rays to identify the application of an accurate key
US8922333B1 (en) 2013-09-10 2014-12-30 Gregory Paul Kirkjan Contactless electronic access control system
US9704316B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2017-07-11 Gregory Paul Kirkjan Contactless electronic access control system
US10482697B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2019-11-19 Gregory Paul Kirkjan Contactless electronic access control system
US11080951B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2021-08-03 Lockfob, Llc Contactless electronic access control system
US11804084B2 (en) 2013-09-10 2023-10-31 Lockfob, Llc Contactless electronic access control system
US11574513B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2023-02-07 Lockfob, Llc Electronic access control
US12027001B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2024-07-02 Lockfob, Llc Electronic access control
EP4158141A4 (en) * 2020-06-02 2024-06-05 John Joseph Ryan ELECTRONIC LOCKING SYSTEM

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2000441B2 (sv) 1979-08-30
DE2000441C3 (de) 1980-05-08
JPS5016720B1 (sv) 1975-06-14
SE330133B (sv) 1970-11-02
GB1293123A (en) 1972-10-18
DE2000441A1 (de) 1970-07-16

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