US3669414A - Mixing apparatus - Google Patents

Mixing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3669414A
US3669414A US808499A US3669414DA US3669414A US 3669414 A US3669414 A US 3669414A US 808499 A US808499 A US 808499A US 3669414D A US3669414D A US 3669414DA US 3669414 A US3669414 A US 3669414A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
casing
vessel
impeller
subsidiary
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US808499A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gordon D Love
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GORDON D LOVE
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GORDON D LOVE
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/53—Mixing liquids with solids using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/54—Mixing liquids with solids wetting solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/191—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with similar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 

Definitions

  • This invention relates to mixing apparatus.
  • the present invention includes apparatus for mixing solid material with a liquid, comprising a mixer casing having an inlet aperture and outlet aperture means, an impeller which is adapted, upon rotation, to expel material within the casing outwardly via the aperture means, thereby effecting mixing of the solid material with the liquid, and a subsidiary vessel having inlet means for the continuous supply of liquid and solid material thereto and an outlet which, in use of the apparatus, is disposed in a lower part of the subsidiary vessel and provides a flow of liquid and solid material to the inlet aperture of the casing, the side walls of the subsidiary vessel being so arranged that material at each location within the subsidiary vessel is drawn downwardly within the vessel and is directed towards the inlet aperture in the casing upon rotation of the impeller.
  • the mixer casing, the impeller, and the outlet of the subsidiary vessel are disposed within a main vessel adapted to contain a large volume of the said liquid and solid material, and the surface area of liquid within the subsidiary vessel which is exposed to the surrounding gaseous medium is substantially smaller than the exposed surface area of liquid in the main vessel when the mixer casing and impeller are immersed in the liquid in the main vessel, whereby solid particles at each location on the surface of the liquid in the subsidiary vessel are drawn downwardly by the impeller and are accompanied by a reduced amount of the said gaseous medium.
  • an apparatus further comprises an inlet conduit for the continuous supply of liquid and solid material to an upper part of the subsidiary vessel, and an outlet conduit into which material is expelled by the impeller via the outlet aperture means in the mixer casing.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section of an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a second apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings is suitable for use in mixing a powder such as carboxymethyl cellulose with a large volume of a liquid such as water without introducing undesirable quantities of air or other surrounding gmeous medium into the mixture.
  • This apparatus includes a main, cylindrical vessel 1 which serves as a container for the liquid and a small, subsidiary vessel 3 which is mounted within the main vessel 1 and is used for introducing the powder into the liquid therein.
  • the subsidiary vessel 3 of the present apparatus has a cylindrical upper part 11, a tapering intennediate part 13. and a lower neck part 15 of reduced diameter.
  • the vessel 3 is open at the top and bottom thereof.
  • a horizontally extending bracket 17 is welded to the top of the subsidiary vessel 3 and extends outwardly therefrom. in its mounted position the subsidiary vessel 3 is arranged with the bracket I7 resting on a peripheral rim 19 at the top of the main vessel 1 and fixedly secured to the rim by suitable clamping means (not shown). The subsidiary vessel 3 then extends downwardly into the main vessel 1 with the lower part 15, the intermediate part I3 and approximately half of the upper part 11 of the subsidiary vessel below the surface of the liquid in the main vessel.
  • An inlet aperture 21 for liquid is formed in the cylindrical upper part 11 of the subsidiary vessel 3 and is arranged below the level of liquid in the main vessel 1, as hereinafter described.
  • the above-mentioned mixer devices 5 and 7 are mounted at the lower end of the subsidiary vessel 3, each having a casing which is secured relative to the vessel 3 and an impeller which is mounted on a shaft 23 extending downwardly through the vessel 3, coaxially thereof. At its upper end the impeller shaft 23 is coupled to an output shaft of the electric motor 9, which is mounted on a cross-member 25 extending diametrically of the upper, open end of the vessel 3.
  • a mounting ring 27 is welded to the outside of the neck part 15 of the subsidiary vessel 3, coaxially thereof, and an annular mounting plate 29 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the ring 27 is secured to the undersurface of the ring by four screws 31.
  • a casing 33 of the upper mixing device 5 is formed of a cylindrical side wall having an outer, peripheral flange which is secured to the undersurface of the mounting plate 29 by means of screws 35.
  • the casing 33 is arranged coaxially of the neck part 15 of the subsidiary vessel 3 so that an open, upper end thereof receives material flowing downwardly from that vessel.
  • Outlet apertures 37 are formed in the cylindrical side wall of the casing 33.
  • An impeller 39 of this first mixing device includes an annular plate 4
  • the external diameter of the annular plate 41 and of the volume swept out by the blades 43 upon rotation thereof is slightly less than the internal diameter of the side wall of the casing 33 and the blades 43 are arranged at the same vertical location as the outlet apertures 37 in that side wall.
  • the inlet to the casing 33 which is defined by the annular space between the shaft 23 and the neck part 15 of the vessel 3, has a cross-sectional area substantially smaller than the cross sectional area of the volume swept out by the impeller blades.
  • a cylindrical mounting element 47 is clamped between the undersurface of the above-mentioned, annular mounting plate 29 and a lower annular, mounting plate 49 by means of axially extending screws 51, each screw 5
  • the casing 45 of the lower mixing device 7 includes a cylindrical mesh screen 55 which is arranged coaxially of the lower annular plate 49 with an outer flange at the upper end of the screen 55 contacting the undersurface of the plate 49 and secured thereto by screws 57.
  • Each of these screws 57 extends upwardly through a bottom wall in a housing 59 which is also secured below the lower annular plate 49 and supports a bearing 61 for the lower end of the impeller shaft 23.
  • This housing 59 is formed with a series of apertures 63 to allow material flowing through the mesh screen 55 to pass to the exterior of the housing.
  • An impeller 65 of the lower mixing device 7 is similar to the impeller 39 of the upper device 5, having an annular plate 67 which is secured to the impeller shaft 23 and four upstanding blades 69 disposed adjacent to the mesh screen 55 forming the side wall of the casing 45.
  • a tube 71 Secured to the element 45 is a tube 71 which receives liquid flowing outwardly through the mesh screen 55 and the apertures 63. An outlet of the tube 71 is disposed at a predetermined location in the main vessel 1.
  • An additional impeller 73 is secured to the shaft 23, within the subsidiary vessel 3.
  • the main vessel 1 is filled with liquid to a level above the inlet aperture 21 in the side wall of the subsidiary vessel 3 as described above.
  • the electric motor 9 is then energized to rotate the impeller shaft 23 and the three impellers mounted thereon and, finally, the powder is fed into the upper end of the subsidiary vessel 3 at a predetermined rate.
  • Rotation of the bladed impeller 39 of the upper mixing device causes liquid and powder within the subsidiary vesel 3 to be drawn downwardly through the aperture at the lower end of the vessel and into the mixer casing 33. Downward flow of material is assisted by the rotating impeller 73. Material is expelled radially outwardly through the apertured side wall of the casing 33 and into the chamber 53 surrounding this casing by the rotating impeller blades 43. In passing through the narrow, annular gap between the blades 43 and the side wall of the casing 33 the material is subjected to large shearing forces which effect thorough mixing and disintegration of the particles.
  • Material entering the chamber 53 is drawn downwardly through the chamber by the action of the impeller 65 of the lower mixing device 7.
  • the material then passes into the casing 45 of the device 7 and is expelled outwardly through the mesh screen 55 by the rotating impeller blades 69.
  • From the screen 55 the material travels through the apertures 63 in the bearing housing 59 and into the tube 71, from which it travels into the main volume of liquid in the main vessel 1.
  • the mixture is again subjected to thorough mixing and disintegration in passing through the gap between the blades 69 of the impeller 65 and the mesh screen of the device 7.
  • the inlet to the casing 33 has a cross-sectional area substantially smaller than the cross-sectional area of the volume swept out by the impeller blade 43 reduces the vortex action which would otherwise be exerted on material above the inlet to the casing 33.
  • the impeller 39 in using the present apparatus, however, it is only necessary for the impeller 39 to set up a small vortex action for powder to be drawn downwardly from all parts of the surface of the liquid in the vessel 3, since the downwardly tapering part 13 of the vessel 3 ensures that all of this powder is directed towards the device 5.
  • the vortex action is not sufficient to drawn down large quantities of air. Efficient mixing is therefore obtained without undue aeration of the mixture. If the subsidiary vessel 3 were not present and the mixing device 5 were simply immersed in the liquid within the main vessel 1 it would only be possible to draw powder from allparts of the liquid surface by increasing the size or speed of rotation of the impeller 39. This would result in undue aeration.
  • the mixing device 7 provides a second mixing of material from the first device 5, the mesh screen 55 leading to a further reduction in particle size.
  • the impeller 73 whose position on the shaft 23 is adjustable, increases the vortex action and provides rapid wetting of large quantities of material.
  • the above apparatus can be modified by removing the mixing device 7 and allowing material from the device 5 to travel directly into the liquid in the main vessel 1.
  • one or more further mixing devices may be provided below the device 7 so as to ensure even more mixing of material from the subsidiary vessel 3.
  • Each of these further devices is provided with an inlet chamber which receives material flowing from the preceding device, in the manner of the above-described chamber 53 between the devices 5 and 7.
  • a further mixing device below the devices 5 and 7 has both its inlet and outlet communicating with the liquid in the main vessel 1.
  • This further device therefore provides additional mixing of material already in the main vessel.
  • the subsidiary vessel 3 mounted at one side of the main vessel 1 as described above, the provision of the further mixing device has the further advantage of causing a general circulation of liquid around the main vessel l, thereby improving dispersion of the solid particles through the main vessel.
  • the impeller 73 can be replaced by a worm.
  • the subsidiary vessel 3 is approximately 20 inches in diameter and has an overall depth of approximately 2 feet.
  • the main vessel 1 has a diameter of approximately 20 feet and a depth of approximately 20 feet.
  • the volume of the main vessel 1 is therefore approximately 700 times the volume of the subsidiary vessel 3 and the surface area is approximately 150 times that of the subsidiary vessel.
  • the maximum size of subsidiary vessel 3, or the minimum value of the above ratios, which will give an acceptable result depends upon the amount of aeration which can be tolerated. In general, however, it would be expected that although any reduction in surface area over which the powder is dispersed is desirable it would be usual to effect a reduction of at least five times and preferably at least 10 to 20 times.
  • the apparatus shown in H6. 2 of the drawings is for use in disintegrating solid material and thoroughly mixing the material with a liquid.
  • This apparatus includes a subsidiary vessel 103 which corresponds to the above-described vessel 3 except for the omission of the inlet aperture 21 in the side wall of vessel 3.
  • a subsidiary vessel 103 which corresponds to the above-described vessel 3 except for the omission of the inlet aperture 21 in the side wall of vessel 3.
  • mixing devices 105 and 107 respectively corresponding to the above-mentioned mixing devices 5 and 7.
  • Each of these devices 105 and 107 includes a mixer casing and an impeller which is mounted on a shafi 109, driven by an electric motor 1 l I.
  • the subsidiary vessel 3 and the mixing devices 105 and 107 are disposed between an upper, inlet conduit [13 and a lower outlet conduit 115.
  • liquid and solid material are continuously supplied to the vessel 103 from the conduit "3.
  • Rotation of the impellers in the device I05 and 107 expels material through the casings of these devices, causing thorough mixing and disintegration of the solid material.
  • From the device 107 the mixture of liquid and solid material is ex pelled into conduit 115.
  • Material in the vessel 103 is drawn downwardly by the impeller in the device 105, the downwardly tapering section of the vessel 103 ensuring that material at each location in the vessel is directed towards the outlet at the bottom of the vessel.
  • FIG. 2 can be provided with separate feed lines for liquid and solid material.
  • Apparatus for mixing solid material with a liquid comprising a subsidiary vessel having at least one inlet in an upper part thereof and an outlet in a lower part thereof, a first mixer casing which is formed with an inlet in an upper end wall thereof and with outlet aperture means in a generally cylindrical side wall thereof, said outlet aperture means extending around said side wall, means for securing said casing to the subsidiary vessel so that all material flowing downwardly through the outlet in the subsidiary vessel enters said casing whilst material flowing outwardly from the outlet aperture means of said casing is prevented from returning to the subsidiary vessel via the outlet thereof, an impeller shaft, and a first impeller mounted on the said shaft and disposed within said casing, said impeller comprising a generally circular plate formed with a plurality of upstanding impeller blades, with their radially outer ends adjacent to the side wall of the casing, whereby, upon rotation of the shaft, the impeller forces material in said casing radially outwardly through the outlet aperture means, thereby subjecting the material to thorough mixing and disintegration,
  • outlet aperture means in said first casing opens into a chamber having an outlet at a lower end thereof
  • the second mixer casing has an inlet aperture arranged to receive material flowing downwardly through the said outlet
  • the second impeller is adapted, upon rotation, to draw material within the chamber downwardly into the second mixer casing and to expel material outwardly through aperture means therein.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 including means for securing said second casing to said chamber so that all material forced outwardly through said outlet aperture means of said first casing is prevented from returning to said first casing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
US808499A 1968-03-25 1969-03-19 Mixing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3669414A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB04363/68A GB1261914A (en) 1968-03-25 1968-03-25 Improvements in mixing apparatus

Publications (1)

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US3669414A true US3669414A (en) 1972-06-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US808499A Expired - Lifetime US3669414A (en) 1968-03-25 1969-03-19 Mixing apparatus

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US (1) US3669414A (fr)
DE (1) DE1914368A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2004692A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1261914A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735960A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-05-29 Quaker Oats Co Continuous mixer
US3782696A (en) * 1971-12-28 1974-01-01 Silverson Machines Ltd Mixing devices
US4347004A (en) * 1979-06-13 1982-08-31 Unishear Mixers Limited Mixing apparatus
US4415267A (en) * 1982-06-03 1983-11-15 Hill Francis K Apparatus for mixing and application of paving compositions
US5904419A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-05-18 Arribau; Jorge O. Blender method and apparatus
WO2003106006A1 (fr) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-24 Land & Sjö Food Technology AB Dispositif et procede pour le melange continu de composants
CN109364789A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-22 盐城师范学院 滩涂饲养场畜类漂浮型饲料混合搅拌桶

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105498608A (zh) * 2016-01-12 2016-04-20 江阴市恒中精工机械有限公司 具有高效混合系统、符合gmp要求的真空制膏机

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2635859A (en) * 1950-06-12 1953-04-21 Felix W Dreyfus Mixer apparatus
US2882149A (en) * 1955-04-14 1959-04-14 Willems Peter Flow apparatus for the continuous physical and/or chemical treatment of substances
US3362689A (en) * 1966-11-15 1968-01-09 Silverson Machines Ltd Immersion mixing apparatus
US3417968A (en) * 1965-05-12 1968-12-24 Schlecht Karl Mixing and delivering apparatus
US3423075A (en) * 1967-01-31 1969-01-21 Nat Lead Co Mixing device
US3489356A (en) * 1966-09-20 1970-01-13 Wascon Systems Inc Pulping apparatus
US3502305A (en) * 1967-08-16 1970-03-24 Grun Kg Mas Fab Geb Method of and apparatus for adding liquid to pulverulent or granular materials

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2635859A (en) * 1950-06-12 1953-04-21 Felix W Dreyfus Mixer apparatus
US2882149A (en) * 1955-04-14 1959-04-14 Willems Peter Flow apparatus for the continuous physical and/or chemical treatment of substances
US3417968A (en) * 1965-05-12 1968-12-24 Schlecht Karl Mixing and delivering apparatus
US3489356A (en) * 1966-09-20 1970-01-13 Wascon Systems Inc Pulping apparatus
US3362689A (en) * 1966-11-15 1968-01-09 Silverson Machines Ltd Immersion mixing apparatus
US3423075A (en) * 1967-01-31 1969-01-21 Nat Lead Co Mixing device
US3502305A (en) * 1967-08-16 1970-03-24 Grun Kg Mas Fab Geb Method of and apparatus for adding liquid to pulverulent or granular materials

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782696A (en) * 1971-12-28 1974-01-01 Silverson Machines Ltd Mixing devices
US3735960A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-05-29 Quaker Oats Co Continuous mixer
US4347004A (en) * 1979-06-13 1982-08-31 Unishear Mixers Limited Mixing apparatus
US4415267A (en) * 1982-06-03 1983-11-15 Hill Francis K Apparatus for mixing and application of paving compositions
US5904419A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-05-18 Arribau; Jorge O. Blender method and apparatus
WO2003106006A1 (fr) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-24 Land & Sjö Food Technology AB Dispositif et procede pour le melange continu de composants
CN109364789A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-22 盐城师范学院 滩涂饲养场畜类漂浮型饲料混合搅拌桶
CN109364789B (zh) * 2018-11-21 2024-05-24 盐城师范学院 滩涂饲养场畜类漂浮型饲料混合搅拌桶

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2004692A1 (fr) 1969-11-28
GB1261914A (en) 1972-01-26
DE1914368A1 (de) 1969-10-09

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