US3658187A - Marine cargo handling crane - Google Patents

Marine cargo handling crane Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658187A
US3658187A US883002A US3658187DA US3658187A US 3658187 A US3658187 A US 3658187A US 883002 A US883002 A US 883002A US 3658187D A US3658187D A US 3658187DA US 3658187 A US3658187 A US 3658187A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
boom
trolley
post
rope
winch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US883002A
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English (en)
Inventor
George Thomas Richard Campbell
Toshishige Kasuga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Algoship International Ltd
Original Assignee
Algoship International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP9632368A external-priority patent/JPS4930067B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP2794969A external-priority patent/JPS519236B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP8115169U external-priority patent/JPS4912790Y1/ja
Application filed by Algoship International Ltd filed Critical Algoship International Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3658187A publication Critical patent/US3658187A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/60—Derricks
    • B66C23/605—Derricks employing ships' masts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/52—Floating cranes
    • B66C23/525—Double slewing cranes on ships
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/84—Slewing gear

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A crane particularly for assembly on the deck of a vessel, including a fixed post and a jib boom pivotally mounted on the fixed post for rotation in a horizontal plane and means for topping the boom, and a traversing trolley on the jib boom from which the cargo hoisting hook is suspended. and independent means for slewing and topping the jib boom and for raising and lowering the cargo hoisting hook in any traversed location of the trolley on the jib boom.
  • FIG. I614 Sheets-Sheet 9
  • Marine cargo handling equipment hitherto has been generally a derrick type namely, Burtoning system, K7 system and Thompson system with various other improved types.
  • the cost is higher than other equipment.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a marine cargo handling equipment which has an improved cargo handling efficiency.
  • the invention incorporates luffing, slewing and traversing trolley system.
  • the luffing and slewing apparatus (gooseneck) is located in the mid-position of a fixed post erected on the deck. This post supports a boom on which a traversing trolley with a cargo hook suspended travels alongs its length.
  • FIG. 1 is a general arrangement of one form of cargo handling crane according to the present invention, System A.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan of the crane system shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the relation between traversing trolley rope and cargo hook hoisting rope in the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the relation between trolley and boom of the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the slewing system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a general arrangement of a modified crane system
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical section of the gooseneck arrangement shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a general arrangement of a modified crane system C".
  • FIG. 9 is a plan of the crane system C" shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a general arrangement of a modified crane system D.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged side elevation of the gooseneck arrangement shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a horizontal section taken on the line C on FIG. 1 1.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 are a general arrangement in elevation and in plan respectively of a modified crane system 5".
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view illustrating a modified crane system F.
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B are enlarged views showing the cable holder in FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 17 is a general arrangement in elevation of a modified crane system G.
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged view taken from FIG. 17 showing the position of the hoisting winch and the traversing winch.
  • FIG. 19 is a plan view of the winches shown in FIG. 18.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic view illustrating a modified crane system I-I".
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the hydraulic system for the cylinders in FIG. 20.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic view illustrating a modified crane system 1.
  • FIG. 23 is a plan view showing the slewing operations of the crane in FIG. 22.
  • a fixed post 9 is erected vertically on the deck above the longitudinal center of a ship.
  • a boom supporting structure (gooseneck) 30 is located in the mid-position of the post 9.
  • a boom outrigger l8 and a strength member 19 are constructed to form a diamond shaped parallelogram.
  • a vertical spindle 13 and for topping purpose a horizontal pin 12 are fitted.
  • sheaves 17, 17' and 17" and topping winch 14 are installed as shown. By pulling in the rope 8, the boom can be topped or lowered.
  • an outrigger 31 is built on the fixed post 9. Sheaves 22, 22', 21 and 21 are arranged as shown on FIG. 5. One end of each of the ropes 20 and 20 is anchored on to the outrigger 31 and another end is lead to the slewing winch 23 via sheaves 21, 22 and 21, 22' respectively. However ropes 20 and 20' are reeled onto the split drum of slewing winch 23 in such a way that they reel in an opposite direction. To pick up any slack in the rope, an adjusting weight 27 is suspended by rope 20'. Depending on the rotation of drum of the winch 23, the boom can be slewed in either direction.
  • the traversing trolley 2 will traverse freely on rollers 3 along the entire length of I-section boom 1.
  • the trolley 2 is pulled by ropes 7 and 7' which pass through sheaves 10 and 10' and 29 and are lead to traversing winch 16 as shown.
  • the trolley can travel inboard or outboard along the boom 1.
  • the cargo hook is suspended by rope 6 which has one end fixed to the end of the I-section boom and another end lead to the drum of hoisting winch 15, via sheaves 4, 4, 5 and 11 as shown on FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • Sheaves 4 and 4' are fixed on to the bottom of the trolley by lugs 24.
  • Sheave 11 is fixed on to the gooseneck 30.
  • This arrangement enables the hook to be hoisted or lowered into position while the trolley 2 is traversing.
  • the cargo hook can be kept at constant level without operating the hoisting winch 15 while trolley is traversing.
  • cargo handling is mainly done by combination of slewing, hoisting and traversing of trolley 2.
  • slewing operation can be illustrated as follows:
  • traversing mechanism can be illustrated as follows:
  • the center of gravity of cargo handling equipment cannot rise too high above the deck, this will immediately put a limit on the vertical position of the gooseneck. If a circumstance arises where the cargo height requirement for handling is about the height obtained with the boom in horizontal position, it is necessary to top the boom.
  • the trolley is designated so that it may be locked into position at the tip of the boom by a shackle or any other appropriate means. This enables the cargo to be luffed by reeling in rope 8 with the topping winch 14.
  • the cable length between a cargo hook and boom tip sheaves is not unnecessarily long and this will prevent cargo from swaying excessively.
  • the system so far described consists of a fixed post 9 with an outrigger 31 and wire ropes.
  • slewing of the boom can be done by many other mechanisms.
  • the hoisting, topping and traversing operation in this system are exactly the same as previous system.
  • the topping sheave 17 is fixed to an outrigger 54 as shown on FIG. 6.
  • a long protruding gooseneck 30 is located in the mid-position of the fixed post 9.
  • This gooseneck 30 incorporates a vertical spindle 40 for center of slewing and at the bottom of this spindle 40 is a cross-member 43 which in turn has ,two horizontal pins 12 attached under it.
  • the pins 12 are for topping purpose.
  • a drive motor 41 with a brake 46 on the top and a reduction gear 45 with extending pinion 44 onthe bottom is mounted on the gooseneck 30. Power supplied by the drive motor 42 is transmitted to a gear 42 from the pinion 44 and this swivels the boom 1 around the spindle 40 which is located on the ships center.
  • swivelling support 54 (for instance incorporating roller) is mounted on top of a fixed post which is erected on the center line of a ship.
  • a reduction gear unit 55 is installed at the bottom part of this fixed post.
  • This reduction gear unit 55 is geared to a tuming table 58 which rotates the swivelling post 51 on the swivelling support 54.
  • Guide rollers 53 are made to follow the outer circumference of the fixed post 52 while swivelling post 51 is rotating.
  • a drive-motor 57 with a built in brake 56 is mounted on the turn table 58.
  • the pinion 59 of the drivemotor 57 meshes with the gear 55 of the fixed post 52 and rotate the swivelling post 51.
  • Two booms of the type shown on FIGS. 6 and 7 are mounted on a swivelling post 51.
  • each boom 1, 1 can cover approximately 180 slewing area. With two booms operating simultaneously, the crane can cover almost 360 working area.
  • a T-section guide 60 is welded vertically onto the fixed post 9 along its length up to mid-position of the post.
  • An inverted V-shaped top guide 61 is built on the top of the T-section guide 60.
  • Pin holes 62, 62' and 62" are made as shown on FIG. 12.
  • Sliding gooseneck guide 63 has a vertical spindle 64 and on the top part of this spindle, a horizontal pin 12 which supports the boom 1 is incorporated.
  • One end of the gooseneck hoisting rope 65 is anchored to the lower end of the boom 1 and another end is lead to a topping unit 14 via sheave as shown on FIG. 10.
  • a system E as shown on FIGS. 13 and 14 can be used to replace the above situation.
  • Two fixed posts 9, port and starboard are erected transversely in line on the deck.
  • Two crossmembers 70 and 70' are constructed on top and mid-position of the fixed post 9.
  • a truss construction boom supporting structure 71 is attached to the two cross-members 70 and 70' above a center line ofa ship by pin joint as shown on FIG. 13. This enables the structure 71 to swing to either port or starboard easily.
  • the structure 71 can be locked into port or starboard by locking device 72 and 72'. By locking the structure 71 in either direction by locking device 72 or 72' out-reach of the boom 1 in either direction can be increased. .With the lock released, the resultant boom length (R) is the sum of length (a) and length (r) and this will considerably increase the cargo handling area. In locked position tipping moment is reduced as the lever arm is reduced by length (a).
  • the construction of the boom so far described consists of a boom outrigger l8 and a strength member 19.
  • a boom shown on FIGS. 15 and 16A and 168 has tension ropes fixed on to the tip of the boom 1 by turnbuckles 26 and outrigger 18 as shown.
  • Ropes 80 are held in position by a cable fastening device 25 and 25'. By tightening the turnbuckle 26 tension in the rope is increased.
  • the tension in the rope 80 in the slewing direction reacts with the slewing force to give rigidity to the boom 1.
  • a standard I-section beam can be used as a boom which is very light and cheap compared to other types. Reduction in weight means less power requirement for topping and slewing which all contribute to low cost.
  • a traversing winch 84 which is driven by an oil motor 86 and has drum divided by a flange in its center and also a hoisting winch 83 which is driven by an oil motor and has larger diameter drum than traversing winch 84 are provided at bottom surface of the boom 1.
  • the trolley 2 is pulled by ropes 7 and 7 which pass through sheave 29 and are led to the traversing winch 84, the trolley can travel inboard or outboard along the boom 1.
  • the cargo hook 5 is suspended by the rope 6 which has one end fixed to the end of the I-section boom and another end leading to the drum of the hoisting winch 84..
  • Hydraulic pump unit 81 located on the deck supplies the pressuralized oil to the oil motors 85 and 86 of hoisting winch 83 and the traversing winch 84 through a flexible hose (not illustrated in drawing) which is located between post 9 and the boom 1.
  • Control stand 82 is fixed on the winch platform and can control the speed of the winches 83 and 84.
  • the hoisting winch 83 and the traversing winch 84 herein described driven by pressurized oil from the hydraulic pump unit 81, however the electric method can apply instead of the hydraulic method.
  • the hoisting winch and the traversing winch are fitted near the revolving part of the boom, and also the hoisting and traversing ropes are incorporated on the boom itself.
  • the conventional type of derrick system which has winches on a winch platform erected on the main deck, fewer troubles of wire rope shall be expected in the case of winding wire on the drum due to unnecessary wire leading from the movable part to the fixed part and also the number of winches installed on the winch platform will be reduced, this fact causing the platform to be smaller in dimension.
  • the smaller platform will not only make room available for any cargoes on the main deck but also be less in weight and cheaper in cost.
  • the total cost of this gear will be cheaper than that of the conventional cargo gears.
  • a fixed post 9 is erected vertically on the deck and has an outrigger 31.
  • a boom supporting structure (gooseneck) is located in the mid-position of the post 9.
  • a vertical spindle 13 and for topping purposes of the boom 1 horizontal pins 12 are fitted.
  • Sheaves 22,22 are suspended from an outrigger 31.
  • Sheaves 87, 87 are fitted on post 9 and also hydraulic cylinders 90, 90' are fitted at the side of post 9, sheaves 88 88 are equipped on the end ofthe cylinders rods 89, 89.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates a hydraulic circuit for slewing cylinders 90, 90' in which pressurized oil flows from the oil pump 93 to the hydraulic cylinders 90, 90 via the manually operated changing valve 91 and the throttle check valves 92, 92'. Therefore by operation of the hydraulic cylinders 90, 90' which pulls ropes 20, 20' via the sheaves 88, 83 fitted on the cylinder rods 89, 89 and the boom 1 can be slewed accordingly.
  • the pressurized oil is led to the cylinder 90 which slews the boom 1 to direction 0, the cylinder rod 89 is pulled by rope 20 which is anchored at the boom outrigger 18 according to the booms slewing motion.
  • Oil in the cylinder 90 flows to the oil tank 94 passing through the throttle valve 92. If the pressurized oil is led to the cylinder 90 which slews the boom 1 to direction P, oil in the cylinder 90 flows to the oil tank 94 through the throttle valve 92.
  • 95 indicates a pressure adjusting valve
  • 93 indicates an oil pump
  • 96 indicates an electric motor for an oil pump 93
  • 97 indicates a check valve.
  • Stoppers 100, 100 are provided in inner positions of the aforesaid adjusting arms at its both ends.
  • the adjusting arms 98, 98' move towards the direction indicated by (m), (m') from the position of Mine at the outrigger at certain degrees, (a) (the arms will stop at the stopper 100, 100').
  • Each one end of the ropes 20 and 20' is anchored on to the boom outrigger 18 and the other end of them is led to the slewing winch 102 installed at the lower part of post 9 in such a way that when rope 20 is paid off, the other rope 20' is wound in, and vice versa, via sheaves 99a, 99a, 99b, 99b and sheaves 101, 101' installed on outrigger 31.
  • ropes 20, 20 When the boom 1 is situated at the position of C, ropes 20, 20 the length between the positions of Q0 and the positions of S,S' are V, ropes 20, 20 the length between S,S and R,R' at the adjusting arms 98, 98 are x, when the boom 1 is situated at the position of D in FIG. 23, rope 20' the length between the position 0 and the position of R at sheaves 99a is W, rope 20 the length between the position Q, and the position at sheaves 99b is y.
  • V y W x V (l) x can be decided from the above an equality. Therefore, if ropes 20 and 20 are wound by one drum 102 in such a way that when rope 20 is paid off, the other ropes 20' is wound in and vice versa, the ropes 20 and 20' do not slacken always according to the slewing motion of the boom 1 without special rope length adjusting device. When the boom is slewed from the position of C to the opposite way, the above equality can be used conversely.
  • the system so far described consists of a fixed post 9 on the main deck. However the rotating post or travelling post are available instead of a fixed post 9.
  • a cargo handling crane mounted on the deck of a vessel comprising a fixed post located on the longitudinal centerline of the vessel, a gooseneck adjustably mounted on the said post, said gooseneck including a vertically disposed pivot pin and a horizontally disposed pivot pin on the said vertical pivot pin, a fixed outrigger extending outwards from opposite sides of the said post and disposed transversely of the vessel and having pulleys notatably supported at the extremities of said outrigger, a load carrying boom pivotally mounted on the said vertical pivot pin for topping of the boom and on said horizontal pivot for slewing of the boom, the said boom is in the form of an horizontally disposed diamond-shaped truss whose major axis is lengthwise of the boom in the direction away from the post and whose minor axis is at right angles to the said lengthwise direction of the boom midway of the length thereof, slewing rope means for the said boom including pulleys at the extremities of the minor axis of the diamond-shaped truss boom, said
  • a cargo handling crane as set forth in claim 1 in which an outrigger boom, located midway of the length of the load carrying boom, forms the minor axis of the load carrying boom.
  • a cargo handling crane as set forth in claim 1 in which the said post includes a guide member disposed parallel with the axis of the post and the said gooseneck is slidably mounted on said guide member, and locking means to lock the said gooseneck on the guide member in a preselected position lengthwise of the said post.
  • a cargo handling crane as set forth in claim 1' in which the said gooseneck is mounted on a bracket extending from the said post at right angles to the plane of the said fixed outrigger to permit the said boom to be slewed through an arc of at least 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
US883002A 1968-12-27 1969-12-08 Marine cargo handling crane Expired - Lifetime US3658187A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9632368A JPS4930067B1 (de) 1968-12-27 1968-12-27
JP2794969A JPS519236B1 (de) 1969-04-10 1969-04-10
JP8115169U JPS4912790Y1 (de) 1969-08-26 1969-08-26

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US3658187A true US3658187A (en) 1972-04-25

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US883002A Expired - Lifetime US3658187A (en) 1968-12-27 1969-12-08 Marine cargo handling crane

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US (1) US3658187A (de)
DE (1) DE1956215C3 (de)
GB (3) GB1294668A (de)
NL (1) NL6916829A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303166A (en) * 1977-01-18 1981-12-01 Algoship International Limited Horizontal slewing crane
US6845872B2 (en) * 2001-02-13 2005-01-25 Delaney Francois System for lifting and moving an object
EP3450676A1 (de) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-06 National Oilwell Varco Norway AS Kran, wasserfahrzeug oder bohrschiff und verfahren
EP3546335A1 (de) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-02 Damen 40 B.V. Ein schiff mit schwenkkran

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3232489A1 (de) * 1982-09-01 1984-03-01 Blohm + Voss Ag, 2000 Hamburg Schiffsladebaum

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189812734A (en) * 1898-06-07 1898-08-06 Ferdinand Eugene Canda Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Wheels.
GB480056A (de) * 1900-01-01
US1018723A (en) * 1911-05-11 1912-02-27 William W Miller Appliance for handling helpless persons.
US1122236A (en) * 1912-02-24 1914-12-22 William Schirmer Portable boom.
DE622830C (de) * 1934-03-22 1935-12-07 Atlas Werke Ag Einrichtung zum Schweinken von wippbaren Ladebaeumen, insbesondere fuer Schiffe
US2796178A (en) * 1954-07-23 1957-06-18 Henry A Praschak Device for handling building blocks and other building products
GB864037A (en) * 1958-07-11 1961-03-29 Thomas Walter Bunyan Self aligning pivoting transportable crane
US3034661A (en) * 1960-09-27 1962-05-15 Seljo Dev Corp Beam jib and crane assembly

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB480056A (de) * 1900-01-01
GB189812734A (en) * 1898-06-07 1898-08-06 Ferdinand Eugene Canda Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Wheels.
US1018723A (en) * 1911-05-11 1912-02-27 William W Miller Appliance for handling helpless persons.
US1122236A (en) * 1912-02-24 1914-12-22 William Schirmer Portable boom.
DE622830C (de) * 1934-03-22 1935-12-07 Atlas Werke Ag Einrichtung zum Schweinken von wippbaren Ladebaeumen, insbesondere fuer Schiffe
US2796178A (en) * 1954-07-23 1957-06-18 Henry A Praschak Device for handling building blocks and other building products
GB864037A (en) * 1958-07-11 1961-03-29 Thomas Walter Bunyan Self aligning pivoting transportable crane
US3034661A (en) * 1960-09-27 1962-05-15 Seljo Dev Corp Beam jib and crane assembly

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303166A (en) * 1977-01-18 1981-12-01 Algoship International Limited Horizontal slewing crane
US6845872B2 (en) * 2001-02-13 2005-01-25 Delaney Francois System for lifting and moving an object
EP3450676A1 (de) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-06 National Oilwell Varco Norway AS Kran, wasserfahrzeug oder bohrschiff und verfahren
EP3546335A1 (de) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-02 Damen 40 B.V. Ein schiff mit schwenkkran
WO2019185840A1 (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Damen 40 B.V. A vessel with on board jib crane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1294670A (en) 1972-11-01
DE1956215B2 (de) 1974-02-07
GB1294669A (en) 1972-11-01
NL6916829A (de) 1970-06-30
GB1294668A (en) 1972-11-01
DE1956215A1 (de) 1971-01-28
DE1956215C3 (de) 1974-09-05

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