US3657910A - Method and apparatus for cold drawing metal tubes - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cold drawing metal tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3657910A
US3657910A US17732A US3657910DA US3657910A US 3657910 A US3657910 A US 3657910A US 17732 A US17732 A US 17732A US 3657910D A US3657910D A US 3657910DA US 3657910 A US3657910 A US 3657910A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vibrating
plug
vibration
energy
transducers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US17732A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenjiro Isobe
Hitoshi Tsuji
Shigeo Kawahata
Katsuhiko Ito
Eiji Mori
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Nippon Kokan Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/006—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing using vibratory energy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to novel method and apparatus for drawing metal tubes and more particularly to method and ap paratus capable of providing the amount of ultra-sonic vibrating energy required for cold drawing metal tubes of any material and dimension.
  • the method of 'manufacturing metal tubes by cold drawing is advantageous in providing high quality tubes because it can provide tubes of high'dimensional accuracy and good surface finish.
  • an increase in the deformation resistance encountered at the time of drawing requires large drawing power. Accordingly, this method is inevitable to decrease efficiency and increase cost of manufacturing. Efforts have been concentrated to thedevelopment of improved cold drawing processes.
  • a plurality of relatively small transducers are titted on the periphery of a flange or disc, the diameter of the flange being selected in. accordance withthe vibrating frequency.
  • the 'flange resonatesto provide a maximum resonanceenergy corresponding to the resultant of the energies of the individual transducers fitted on the periphery of the flange.
  • the present invention makes use of vibration devices dis closed in US. Pat. application, Ser. No. 86,928, assigned to the same assignec as the. present application.
  • the method and apparatus of this invention can be applied to cold drawing process of metal tubes of any material and dimension which have been used commercially.
  • the transducers employed in this invention may be of the electrostrictive or magnetostrictive type. However, the electrostrictive type is preferred.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side elevation of a metal tube drawing apparatus embodying this invention and utilizing the vibrating energy of ultra-sonic waves;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is partial sectional view to illustrate the manner of drawing a metal tube
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-section taken along a line IV IV in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view, partly in section, of a supporting device of a converter of the ultra-sonic wave vibration
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the supporting device shown in FIG; 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along a line VII VII in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along a line VIII VIII in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along a'line IX IX in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 10 shows a coupling between a converter of the vibrating direction of the ultrasonic waves and the manner of supporting a plug
  • FIG. 11 shows a coupling between the converter of the vibrating direction of the ultra-sonic waves and a mandrel bar
  • FIG. 11 shows one example of a transmittingmechanism of ultra-sonic vibrating energy provided with a pluralityofultra-sonic transducers of the electrostrictive or magnetostrictive type.
  • a transmittingmechanism of ultra-sonic vibrating energy provided with a pluralityofultra-sonic transducers of the electrostrictive or magnetostrictive type.
  • six flanges of discs 51A,. 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E and SIP for supporting transducers. These flanges are formed integrally with a transmitting body50 for the vibrating energy and are disposed right angles thereto.
  • each flange is a dodecagon with 12 transducers 60se cured to respective sides thereof.
  • each flange it is necessary to select the diameter of each flange to be equal to M2, where A represents the wavelength of the ultra-sonicwave generated by the transducers and the spacing between adjacent flangesto be equal also to M2.
  • Suitable supporting means 52A, 52B, 52C and 52D are interposed between suitable pairs of flanges. Spacings between respective supporting means and flanges are also selected to be equal to M2.
  • Transducers 60 may be secured to the flanges by any suitable means such as screws or welding.
  • Fig.'ll shows a construction for screw connection.
  • each side of the flanges is provided with threaded openings.
  • a suitable vibration detecting pickup 61* may be secured to one end of the transmittingbody to readily determine the vibrating condition of the entire system.
  • Vibrations created in the radial direction in the flanges as shown by an arrow 62 by the energization of respective transducers are converted into axial vibration of the transmitting body 50 as shown by an arrow 63.
  • axial vibrating energy is theresultant of the radial vibrating energies of respective flanges.
  • a mandrel 70 and a plug 71 are connected to the other end of the vibration transmitting body 50, or the leftmm. Where the length of the mandrel 70 is selected to be equal to an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength (M2 X n), the plug will be on the vibrating crest, thus eliminating the loss of the vibrating energy.
  • the joint between the transmitting body 50 and mandrel 70 should be made to correspond to the vibrating crest.
  • coupling means 53 and 72 are provided respectively spaced apart M4 from the abutting surface 55, said coupling means being connected together by bolts 54.
  • a suitable vibrating attenuator 56 and amplifier 79 may be provided for the transmitting body a shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • FIGS. 1' through 10 show an example of a tube drawing machine designed for such a vibration generating device.
  • the vibration transmitting body shown in FIG. 11 is incorporated into a housing 1, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the housing 1 is a frame structure comprising longitudinal C shaped structural steel elements 25A and 25B and transverse ribs 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D, 26E and 26F, to which bearings 2B, 2C, 2D and 2E for supporting supporting members 52A, 52B, 52C and 52D of the transmitting body 50 shown in FIG. 11 are secured by bolts 17 and clamping members 3C, 3D, 3E (clamping member 38 is not seen in the drawing) which are clamped by bolts 22 whereby to restrain free movement of the upper portion of the transmitting body 50.
  • wheels 8A, 8B and 8C (not shown) and 8D are provided for ribs 26D and 268, respectively, to support the transmitting body 50 and housing 1. These wheels are rotated by shafts 9 secured to slidable plates 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D (10D is not seen in the drawing) and are adjusted in the vertical direction by adjusting screws 11A, 11B, 11C and 11D (11D is not seen in the drawing) for aligning axes of the transmitting body 50 and a die 80. Wheels 8A, 8B, 8C and 8D are mounted on rails 106 to permit horizontal movement of the housing 1. A stop 13 including rubber cushions 14 is mounted on bearing 2D secured to rib 26D, as shown in FIG. 6, to stop rearward movement of the transmitting body 50. Further, as'shown in FIGS. 5, 8 and 9, safety covers 15, 16 and 24 are provided for the transmitting body 50.
  • the coupling between the vibration transmitting body 50 and the mandrel bar is shown generally in FIGS. 5 and 6 and in detail in FIGS. 7 and 10.
  • the coupling comprises flanges 72 and 53 which are connected together by bolts 54.
  • Inclined shoulder 79 provides an amplifying function for the vibrating energy as above described and in addition functions to receive the tensile strength of the mandrel.
  • the shoulder 79 of the mandrel bar 70 is supported by a ring 5 which is fitted on the mandrel bar 70 and supported by members 4A and 4B, thus receiving the tensile strength of the mandrel bar created by the drawing operation of the metal tubes by rib 26A of the housing 1.
  • This construction relieves the coupling between the transmitting body and the mandrel bar from any external force that tends to separate them.
  • the opposite end of the housing 1 is stably held by a universal coupling mechanism 6 and 7 secured to rib 26F.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The entire tube drawing machine equipped with the housing 1 containing the above-described transmitting body for the ultra-sonic vibrating energy is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, while a detail of a portion thereof is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the universal coupling 6 and 7 is connected to a rear mandrel bar 73 through a load detector 74 for measuring the plugging power, the rear mandrel bar 73 being connected to an air cylinder 76 via a supporting member 75.
  • the air cylinder 76 is slidably moved in the horizontal direction by a screw threaded rod 78 driven by an electric motor 77 to adjust the relative position between a die 80 and a plug 71.
  • Portions of the mandrel bar 70 before die 80 and supported by supporting members 4A, 4B and 5 fixed to rib 26A are contained in a trough 102A as shown in FIG. 4.
  • die is supported by a die holder 101 through a ring shaped spacer 81 to define an annular die passage 81 between die 80 and plug 71.
  • a tube 130 is drawn through this die passage by means of a pulling device 110. It is advantageous to form the die holder 101 as an integral part of a draw head 100.
  • the frequency of the ultra-sonic transducer 121 is controlled by a control device 122 responsive to a signal 125 detected by pickup 61 already described in connection with FIG. 11.
  • the control device 122 immediately operates to restore the vibrating speed or frequency to the set value.
  • the output from the control 122 is amplified by an amplifier 123 and the amplified signal 124 is applied to respective transducers.
  • Blank tube 1nm . ⁇ Outer diameteL 34. 0 34. 0 42. 0 Wall thickness .2. 00 3. 00 4. 50 Finished tube, nrm Outer diarnet 25. 4 25. 4 36. 0 Wall tlricknes 2. 2O 2. 20 3. 0 gercentqgelpf surface reduciion, percent... 45. 0 45.0 41. 0 ower o u ra-sonie wave ⁇ v 3-5 3-5 4-6 Energy for drawing tubes: gll ubu speed, rn./min 2 .9 1. .9 23. 9 ower, t 15 10 16 As can be clearly noted from this table, the percentage of surface reduction, power, and the energy for drawing the tube are superior to those of the prior tube drawing process described above.
  • a method of cold drawing metal tubes by applying vibrating energy to a plug comprising the steps of:
  • said source of vibrations includes at least one vibration transducer generating vibrational energy in said direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of drawing said plug, and wherein said correction signal is coupled to said at least one vibration transducer to change the vibrating frequency thereof.
  • said source vibrations includes a plurality of said transducers spaced around the periphery of a disc-shaped member which has its plane substantially perpendicular to said direction of drawing.
  • the method of claim 1 including the step of measuring the plug load, and adjusting the relative positions of said die and plug as a function of said plug load.
  • Apparatus for cold drawing metal tubes comprising:
  • the longitudinal axis of said rod-like means being substantially in the direction of drawing of said tube, said rod-like means; said plug and said vibration source comprising a vibrating system;
  • said vibration source comprising at least one vibration transducer generating vibratory energy in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said rod-like means, and means for changing the direction of said vibratory energy by 90, whereby the resulting vibratory energy is in the direction of the longitudinal axis of said rod'like means;
  • said vibrating system further includes a load detector for measuring the plug load and for adjusting the relative positions of said die and plug as a function of the output of said load detector.
  • said vibration source includes a plurality of said vibration transducers and wherein said means for changing the direction of said vibratory energy includes means for combining the vibration energy of said transducers, thereby providing an output vibration energy which is substantially the sum of the energies of each of said vibration transducers.
  • said vibration source includes a plurality of said transducers coupled to the periphery of a disc-shaped member, the face of said discshaped member being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of said rod-like means.
  • said vibration source includes a plurality of said disc-shaped members and transducers coupled thereto, each of said disc-shaped members being spaced M2, where A is the wavelength corresponding to the predetermined frequency of vibration of said vibrating system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
US17732A 1969-09-16 1970-03-09 Method and apparatus for cold drawing metal tubes Expired - Lifetime US3657910A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44072990A JPS499953B1 (xx) 1969-09-16 1969-09-16

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US3657910A true US3657910A (en) 1972-04-25

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US (1) US3657910A (xx)
JP (1) JPS499953B1 (xx)
BE (1) BE750962A (xx)
CH (1) CH516955A (xx)
CS (1) CS190311B2 (xx)
DE (1) DE2012066C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2068868A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1268017A (xx)
NL (1) NL7003737A (xx)
SE (1) SE371587B (xx)
SU (1) SU373925A3 (xx)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828596A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-08-13 Nippon Kokan Kk Automatic control system for draw-forming with vibratory energy
US3863484A (en) * 1971-02-25 1975-02-04 Nippon Kokan Kk Apparatus for drawing wires and tubes
US3945231A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-03-23 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Limited Process and apparatus for preparation of thin walled cylindrical vessels
US4072034A (en) * 1972-05-09 1978-02-07 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for forming material by forcing through a die orifice
US4106320A (en) * 1974-05-07 1978-08-15 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Forming of materials by extrusion
EP1177843A2 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-02-06 Pittsburg Tube Co. Tube formation method and apparatus
EP1393827A2 (de) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-03 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG Verfahren zum Kaltziehen von Rohren
WO2005030403A1 (ja) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-07 Asahi E.M.S Co., Ltd. 大容量超音波複合振動装置
CN113426843A (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-09-24 陈兆启 一种不锈钢无缝钢管的自动加工系统
US11542571B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2023-01-03 Jiangsu University Laser shock and supersonic vibration extrusion co-strengthening device and method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002614A (en) * 1956-12-13 1961-10-03 Jones James Byron Vibratory squeeze-forming of metals in the solid state and apparatus therefor
US3209573A (en) * 1963-08-19 1965-10-05 Aeroprojects Inc Method and apparatus using vibratory energy
US3233012A (en) * 1963-04-23 1966-02-01 Jr Albert G Bodine Method and apparatus for forming plastic materials

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002614A (en) * 1956-12-13 1961-10-03 Jones James Byron Vibratory squeeze-forming of metals in the solid state and apparatus therefor
US3233012A (en) * 1963-04-23 1966-02-01 Jr Albert G Bodine Method and apparatus for forming plastic materials
US3209573A (en) * 1963-08-19 1965-10-05 Aeroprojects Inc Method and apparatus using vibratory energy

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3863484A (en) * 1971-02-25 1975-02-04 Nippon Kokan Kk Apparatus for drawing wires and tubes
US3828596A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-08-13 Nippon Kokan Kk Automatic control system for draw-forming with vibratory energy
US4072034A (en) * 1972-05-09 1978-02-07 National Research Development Corporation Method and apparatus for forming material by forcing through a die orifice
US3945231A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-03-23 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Limited Process and apparatus for preparation of thin walled cylindrical vessels
US4106320A (en) * 1974-05-07 1978-08-15 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Forming of materials by extrusion
EP1177843A3 (en) * 2000-08-03 2003-06-11 Pittsburg Tube Co. Tube formation method and apparatus
EP1177843A2 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-02-06 Pittsburg Tube Co. Tube formation method and apparatus
EP1393827A2 (de) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-03 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG Verfahren zum Kaltziehen von Rohren
EP1393827A3 (de) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-31 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG Verfahren zum Kaltziehen von Rohren
WO2005030403A1 (ja) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-07 Asahi E.M.S Co., Ltd. 大容量超音波複合振動装置
US20070075607A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2007-04-05 Jiromaru Tsujino High-capacity ultrasonic composite oscillating device
US7474036B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2009-01-06 Jiromaru Tsujino High-capacity ultrasonic composite oscillating device
US11542571B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2023-01-03 Jiangsu University Laser shock and supersonic vibration extrusion co-strengthening device and method
CN113426843A (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-09-24 陈兆启 一种不锈钢无缝钢管的自动加工系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE371587B (xx) 1974-11-25
CH516955A (fr) 1971-12-31
BE750962A (fr) 1970-11-03
NL7003737A (xx) 1971-03-18
DE2012066C3 (de) 1975-05-22
CS190311B2 (en) 1979-05-31
JPS499953B1 (xx) 1974-03-07
SU373925A3 (xx) 1973-03-12
DE2012066B2 (de) 1974-10-10
GB1268017A (en) 1972-03-22
DE2012066A1 (de) 1971-03-25
FR2068868A5 (xx) 1971-09-03

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