US3657845A - Resinoid pocketed cutoff and grinding wheel and method of making same - Google Patents

Resinoid pocketed cutoff and grinding wheel and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3657845A
US3657845A US38213A US3657845DA US3657845A US 3657845 A US3657845 A US 3657845A US 38213 A US38213 A US 38213A US 3657845D A US3657845D A US 3657845DA US 3657845 A US3657845 A US 3657845A
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wheel
abrasive
slots
support
composition
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Expired - Lifetime
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US38213A
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English (en)
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Shinji Sekiya
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/12—Cut-off wheels
    • B24D5/123—Cut-off wheels having different cutting segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to cutting and grinding wheels, and more particularly to wheels of the fill-in type using abrasive compositions and the method of making them.
  • cutting wheels of the fill-in type are made by forming openings along the periphery of a metal disk, the openings serving as seats for cutting blades which are diamond particles bonded within the seats along the periphery of the disk.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved cutting wheel capable of making cuts in a workpiece which are smooth in finish.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a cutting wheel capable of making cuts of high precision.
  • Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a method of making a cutting wheel with the above-mentioned features which is both simple and inexpensive.
  • the openings can have a variety of shapes such as rectangular slots, triangles, ellipses, semicircles and diamond shapes, the slot shapes being more advantageously employed in cutting wheels rather than grinding wheels, although any of the shapes can be used for either cutting or grinding work.
  • the slots can have lengths of about 3 mm lying radially about the periphery of the wheel in a closely spaced relationship and having a width of about 1.0 mm.
  • a second tier of slots can be formed inwardly of the periphery, at a point where the peripheral slots end.
  • the slots can also be formed to lie tangent to a circle having a diameter somewhat less than that of the wheel.
  • the wheel of the present invention can be composed of such standard materials as phosphor, bronze, copper, iron and steel, it is also possible, in this case, to use wheels composed of such materials as ceramic, plastic, melamine,
  • the abrasive composition used as a cutting medium in these wheels, comprises a mixture of diamond particles having a size of 8 to 20 microns in a resinous binder, the particles comprising up to 50 percent by weight of the mixture. In any case at least 50 percent by weight of the mixture must be constituted by the binder.
  • diamond particles can be used as the sole abrasive ingredient in the mixture, it has been found advantageous, when cutting certain materials, to add other abrasive particles to the mixture, such as carbon powder, corundum, emery, garnet, silica and alundum.
  • the abrasive particles are added to a liquid-state phenolic resin, where they are thoroughly mixed, while powder-state phenolic resin is slowly added, along with hardening agents, to the mixture, until the mixture thickens and becomes moldable.
  • Another method employed is to form the blades from the moldable sheet, partially cure them, place them in the wheel openings and continue baking to complete the curing, resinification and bonding.
  • Still another method in accordance with the invention is to fill the moldable mixture into the wheel openings, doctoring the mixture until it is properly shaped and flush with the flanks of the wheel and then baking to complete curing, resinification and bonding.
  • the resinification be applied to a composition received within the pockets of the abrasive or cutoff wheel. More specifically, it has been found that the synthetic-resin binders mentioned above form solids, semisolids and pseudoor quasi-solids by intricate polymerization among the molecules during the cooling process, but that simple curing does not suffice to retain diamond particles of a particle size of less than 40 microns with sufficient tenacity as to permit the composition to be used under high pressures in the cutting of workpieces or the like.
  • the solidification or curing of the product appears to create a brittle matrix in which the particles are received, this matrix being fragmented, disintegrated or abraded in use to loosen the bond and release the particles which, consequently, are not available for cutting of the workpiece.
  • the preferred binder of the instant invention is one which has been found to give remarkable results when used with diamond particles in the 8 to 20 micron particle-size range, in pocketed cutoff wheels with a maximum thickness of 1 mm, and is a phenol-formaldehyde resin of the thermosetting type.
  • the binder may consist of phenol-formaldehyde resins of liquid or resol (stage A) type and approximately an equal amount of fully cured or partially cured stage C phenol-formaldehyde resin powder preferably of the novolac type. The cure is effected at temperatures of up to 180 C. for a period of up to 24 hours.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a cutting wheel 1, having parallel flanks 2 and a cutting edge 2 rotatable about a central axle 3.
  • the wheel 1 is provided with openings in the form of slots 4 distributed along the cutting edge 2 and lying along radii of wheel 1.
  • the slots 4 are filled with an abrasive composition 5 which forms a cutting blade bonded by a cement layer 6 within the slots 4 and flush with the flanks 2 and edge 2' ofwheel 1.
  • the abrasive composition 5 can be seen to be a mixture of particles 7 in a resinous binder 8.
  • FIG. 1A there is shown an edge view of the wheel I, having a thickness T.
  • the wheel 1 is brought to bear against a workpiece W, making a cut having a kerf W in the workpiece W, equal substantially to the thickness T ofthe wheel 1.
  • the wheel 10 shown in FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIG. 1 except for the slots 40 which lie tangent to a circle 9 located inwardly of the periphery of wheel 10, the slots 40 also being filled with abrasive composition 5.
  • the wheel 100 shown in FIG. 4, has a first tier 4a of slots 4 filled with abrasive composition 5, similar to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • a second tier 4b of abrasive filled slots 4' lies inwardly of tier 4a, the slots 4' lying radially offset with respect to slots 4, the bottom ends 4" of slots 4 and the top ends 4" of slots 4 lying along a common line 4a.
  • the edge 2' of wheel 1 is brought to bear against a workpiece and rotated about axle 3, the material of wheel 1 being worn away and exposing the abrasive 5, which cuts a slot in the workpiece no wider than the wheel 1.
  • FIG. 5 we show a grinding wheel 11 having a cylindrical body 11' with V-shped grooves 14 formed in the peripheral surface 11', the wheel 11 being rotatable about a centrally disposed axle 13.
  • the grooves 14 are filled with the abrasive compound 5 which is bonded therein as described previously with reference to FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 6 through 9 are similar to that of FIG. 5, in they they all have cylindrical bodies 111', 211', 311', 411 respectively.
  • the grinding wheel 111 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with semi-circular grooves 114, formed in the surface 111" of body 111, the base diameter of the semi-circle lying tangent to the curved surface 11 1".
  • the grooves 114 are filled with the abrasive composition 5, which is doctored to conform to the curved surface 111".
  • the wheel 211 shown in FIG. 7 has openings 214 extending between the flanks of body 211 and parallel with the surface 211", the openings 214 having an elliptical cross-section, with the major axis 214 lying along radii of the wheel 211, the elliptical openings 214 being tangent to, and breaking the surface of, the periphery 211".
  • the wheel 311 shown in FIG. 8 has openings 314 extending between the flanks of body 311' and parallel with the surface 1 1", the openings 314 having a triangular cross-section, with the bi-sectors 314' lying along radii of the wheel 311, the triangular openings 314 breaking the surface 311" along the apex 314".
  • the wheel 411 has a cylindrical body 411' in which diamond-shaped openings 414 extend from flank to flank through the body 411 and parallel with the surface 411", the bisectors 414 of diamond-shaped openings 414, lying along radii of wheel 411 and the apexes 414" breaking surface 411".
  • notches such as those shown in FIG. 1, where formed along the periphery of the wheel at 1.0 mm intervals, using conventional methods, the notches having a width of 0.1 mm and a length of 3.0 mm.
  • the abrasive wheel thus produced was able to cut ultra-hard tungusten alloy, leaving a smooth, finished, narrow cut. Alumina plates can be cutoff similarly.
  • EXAMPLE II In this embodiment, the size, quantity and method of mixing the ingredients of the abrasive composition and the structure of the phosphor bronz wheel, are identical to that described in Example I, the only difference being that the pieces to be inserted in the notches are formed from the rolled sheet prior to baking, the pieces thus formed being baked individually.
  • EXAMPLE III the size, quantity and method of mixing the ingredients of the abrasive composition, are identical to that described in Example I, the 0.1 mm thick rolled sheet being cut into pieces 1.0 mm wide and 3.0 mm long, the cut pieces allowed to cure in air and then placed in notches 0.1 mm thick and 3.0 mm long formed at 1.5 mm intervals along the periphery of a steel wheel 1.0 mm thick and 100 mm in diameter; the wheel with its filled notches was then baked at 40 to l80 C. for 24 hours, bonding and resinifying the abrasive pieces within the notches.
  • EXAMPLE IV In this embodiment, 1 gram of diamond particles, having a size of 8 to 20 microns, was mixed in a mortar with 1 gram of green carbon-alundum particles having a size of microns, and then fully wetted with 0.8 grams of liquid-state phenol resin, to which was added 0.4 grams of epoxy degenerated phenolic resin, 0.4 grams of novolac-type phenoic resin powder, 0.01 grams of carbon powder, 0.08 grams of zinc flowers and 0.01 grams of brass powder, the ingredients being thoroughly mixed until a uniform, moldable state is achieved.
  • the moldable mixture was then filled into triangular grooves, 2 mm wide and 3 mm deep, formed at 2 mm intervals along the peripheral surface of a brass cylindar, 80 mm thick and 100 mm in diameter, the moldable mixture being doctored to conform to the curved periphery of the wheel and then baked for 24 hours at a temperature of 40 to 180 C. completing the the resinification and bonding ofthe mixture.
  • This cylinder-shaped wheel was found to perform excellently as a grinding wheel for ultra-hard materials.
  • a method of making an abrasive wheel comprising the steps of a. forming a metal support rotatable about a central axis;
  • abrasive particles including diamond particles of a particle size of 8 to 20 p. in a thermosetting phenolic resinous binder, said composition being formed by mixing said adhesive particles with a portion of said binder in a liquid state and then combining therewith another portion of said binder in a solid state;
  • An abrasive cutting wheel comprising a metal diskshaped support having a thickness of up to 1 mm rotatable about a central axis, a plurality of generally radially oriented slots formed in the periphery of said support at spaced locations therealong, said slots having a width of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm and a length of about 3 mm, a resinoid composition completely filling said slots and flush with the flanks of said support, said composition consisting of at least 50 percent by weight of a resinoid binder of substantially equal parts by weight of a type-A liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin and a novolac powder phenol-formaldehyde resin cured to resinification, and an abrasive powder consisting at least in part of diamond particles with a particle size of substantially 8 to'20 microns distributed in said binder.
  • a method as defined in claim 1 wherein said support is composed of a material selected from the group consisting of phosphor, bronze, copper, iron and steel.
  • composition further comprises additional abrasive particles selected from the group consisting of carbon powder, corundum, emery,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US38213A 1969-06-14 1970-05-18 Resinoid pocketed cutoff and grinding wheel and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3657845A (en)

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JP44046504A JPS506079B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-06-14 1969-06-14

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765132A (en) * 1972-04-06 1973-10-16 Carborundum Co Free cutting internal diamond grinding wheel
US4035160A (en) * 1973-07-04 1977-07-12 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for manufacturing a convex or concave lapping tool
FR2540025A1 (fr) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-03 Precidia Outil rotatif comportant un corps de revolution pourvu d'elements actifs pour usiner des materiaux tels que du granit, du marbre ou un produit refractaire
EP0138237A1 (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-04-24 HS VEGLIO S.r.l. Improvements in diamond-set segments and inserts
EP0144468A1 (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-06-19 Mario Bruno Grinding wheels with renewable toothing
US4860722A (en) * 1985-12-13 1989-08-29 Hs Veglio S.R.L. Diamond segments and inserts
US5018276A (en) * 1989-05-09 1991-05-28 Kaken Corporation Limited Tooth structure of rotary saw blade and method of forming the same
US5261385A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-11-16 Dicing Technology Inc. Abrasive cutting blade assembly with multiple cutting edge exposures
WO1993025064A1 (en) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-23 Kennametal Inc. Agricultural disc blade
US20030045222A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-06 Riken Metal-less bond grinding stone, and electrolytic dressing grinding method and apparatus using the grinding stone
US20030153257A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-14 Noritake Co., Limited Segmental type grinding wheel
US20040009454A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Joseph Klipper Dental saw blade
US6685539B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2004-02-03 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Processing tool, method of producing tool, processing method and processing apparatus
US20050121017A1 (en) * 2002-04-04 2005-06-09 Akihiro Koike Diamond blade
US20100326416A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2010-12-30 Ronald Schwarz High speed abrasive cutting blade with simulated teeth
US20110039479A1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 Peter Beyer Dressing tool
US20130203328A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2013-08-08 Maiken Givot Bonded Abrasive Wheel
US10582933B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2020-03-10 Capstone Surgical Techologies, LLC Oscillating surgical cutting tool

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02100994A (ja) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-12 Ube Ind Ltd ガントリクレーン

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1507836A (en) * 1921-07-30 1924-09-09 Norton Co Polishing wheel
US2225193A (en) * 1937-09-15 1940-12-17 Carborundum Co Abrasive wheel
US2830474A (en) * 1954-06-14 1958-04-15 Charles A Brauchler Method of making an inserted tooth circular saw blade
US3048160A (en) * 1960-09-26 1962-08-07 Trurun Inc Attachment of cutting elements to wear resistant blades
US3201902A (en) * 1962-10-29 1965-08-24 Vanguard Abrasive Corp Diamond abrasive saw rlade
US3440773A (en) * 1966-08-26 1969-04-29 Norton Co Abrasive cutting device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1507836A (en) * 1921-07-30 1924-09-09 Norton Co Polishing wheel
US2225193A (en) * 1937-09-15 1940-12-17 Carborundum Co Abrasive wheel
US2830474A (en) * 1954-06-14 1958-04-15 Charles A Brauchler Method of making an inserted tooth circular saw blade
US3048160A (en) * 1960-09-26 1962-08-07 Trurun Inc Attachment of cutting elements to wear resistant blades
US3201902A (en) * 1962-10-29 1965-08-24 Vanguard Abrasive Corp Diamond abrasive saw rlade
US3440773A (en) * 1966-08-26 1969-04-29 Norton Co Abrasive cutting device

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765132A (en) * 1972-04-06 1973-10-16 Carborundum Co Free cutting internal diamond grinding wheel
US4035160A (en) * 1973-07-04 1977-07-12 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for manufacturing a convex or concave lapping tool
FR2540025A1 (fr) * 1983-01-28 1984-08-03 Precidia Outil rotatif comportant un corps de revolution pourvu d'elements actifs pour usiner des materiaux tels que du granit, du marbre ou un produit refractaire
EP0138237A1 (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-04-24 HS VEGLIO S.r.l. Improvements in diamond-set segments and inserts
EP0144468A1 (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-06-19 Mario Bruno Grinding wheels with renewable toothing
US4860722A (en) * 1985-12-13 1989-08-29 Hs Veglio S.R.L. Diamond segments and inserts
US5018276A (en) * 1989-05-09 1991-05-28 Kaken Corporation Limited Tooth structure of rotary saw blade and method of forming the same
US5261385A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-11-16 Dicing Technology Inc. Abrasive cutting blade assembly with multiple cutting edge exposures
WO1993025064A1 (en) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-23 Kennametal Inc. Agricultural disc blade
US5297637A (en) * 1992-06-15 1994-03-29 Kennametal Inc. Agricultural disc blade
US5429016A (en) * 1992-06-15 1995-07-04 Kennametal Inc. Agricultural disc blade
US6685539B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2004-02-03 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Processing tool, method of producing tool, processing method and processing apparatus
US20050227591A1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2005-10-13 Toshiyuki Enomoto Processing tool, method of producing processing tool, processing method and processing apparatus
US20030045222A1 (en) * 2001-09-04 2003-03-06 Riken Metal-less bond grinding stone, and electrolytic dressing grinding method and apparatus using the grinding stone
US20030153257A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-14 Noritake Co., Limited Segmental type grinding wheel
US6846233B2 (en) * 2002-02-12 2005-01-25 Noritake Co., Limited Segmental type grinding wheel
US20050121017A1 (en) * 2002-04-04 2005-06-09 Akihiro Koike Diamond blade
US7100595B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-09-05 A.L.M.T. Corp. Diamond blade
CN1646269B (zh) * 2002-04-04 2010-04-28 联合材料公司 金刚石锯片
US20040009454A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Joseph Klipper Dental saw blade
US20100326416A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2010-12-30 Ronald Schwarz High speed abrasive cutting blade with simulated teeth
US20110039479A1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 Peter Beyer Dressing tool
US20130203328A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2013-08-08 Maiken Givot Bonded Abrasive Wheel
US9180573B2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2015-11-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Bonded abrasive wheel
US10582933B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2020-03-10 Capstone Surgical Techologies, LLC Oscillating surgical cutting tool
US20200155167A1 (en) * 2018-03-22 2020-05-21 Peter L. Bono Oscillating surgical cutting tool
US11766266B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2023-09-26 Globus Medical Inc. Oscillating surgical cutting tool

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JPS506079B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-03-10

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