US3656716A - Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives - Google Patents

Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
US3656716A
US3656716A US2004A US3656716DA US3656716A US 3656716 A US3656716 A US 3656716A US 2004 A US2004 A US 2004A US 3656716D A US3656716D A US 3656716DA US 3656716 A US3656716 A US 3656716A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
hose
cylinder
supplied
pressure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US2004A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sten Herman Ljungerg
Lennart B T Sternhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitro Nobel AB
Original Assignee
Nitro Nobel AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitro Nobel AB filed Critical Nitro Nobel AB
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Publication of US3656716A publication Critical patent/US3656716A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/29—Mixing by periodically deforming flexible tubular members through which the material is flowing

Definitions

  • This apparatus comprises a flexible hose adapted to receive solid and liquid constituents of the explosive.
  • This hose is surrounded by a flexible tube which in turn is surrounded by a rigid tube that is made of a series of sections secured together. Compressed air is supplied into the spaces between the flexible tube and successive sections of the rigid tube successively to force the mixture of the solid and liquid constituents of the explosive down through the hose peristalically.
  • the solid 'ingredient is supplied to the hose from a hopper through a measuring chamber and rigid tube; and the liquid ingredient is supplied from a separate measuring chamber which comprises a flexible cylinder inside a rigid housing. Opposite ends of the cylinder are closed alternately; and alternately the outside of the cylinder is put under suction and under pressure. On suction, the liquid component is sucked into the cylinder from a supply source. On pressure the liquid component is forced out of the cylinder into the hose through a nozzle which surrounds the tube thatdelivers the solid component into the hose. This nozzle directs the liquid against the inside wall of the hose to prevent the solid ingredient from sticking to the hose.
  • this invention relates to an apparatus for kneading doughy explosives and including a longish hose of resilient 'naterial.
  • the hose in this connection can from an inlet end to a discharge end be in sections surrounded by chambers, which are in connection with a controlled source of pressure fluid and which in a predetermined sequence are actuated by the pressure fluid to bring about a peristaltic advance movement of the explosive.
  • One main object of the invention is to provide for such an improvement of the known apparatus that said drawbacks are eliminated and a throughout uniform quality of the final explosive is attained.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the inlet portion of the kneading apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective and partially sectional view of a device for supply of liquid under pressure and
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic and partly sectional view of the apparatus below the inlet end.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a hose of some resilient material, such as natural rubber, for example, which uninterruptedly extends within and through a series of stay-tubes 2 arranged in sequence and the one connected with the other and preferably made of plastic or light metal.
  • Each stay-tube 2 is at its ends provided with an outwardly projecting annular flange 3, through which fastening bolts extend, circumferentially distributed in a suitable manner.
  • the tube receives a tubular piece 4 consisting of some resilient material, such as synthetic rubber, for example, the wall thickness of which preferably increases from a middle portion towards each end and which at each end is formed with an annular flange 5.
  • the annular flanges 5 are received in an annular groove formed in each of the averted faces of the end flanges of each stay-tube 2 and are retained there in a sealing manner.
  • Formed in an annular flange 3 of each stay-tube 2 is a channel 6 opening into the interspace between the tube 2 and the associated resilient tubular piece 4 and connected to a tube 7.
  • valves 8 Positioned within the conduits or tubes 7 are valves 8 of two-way type which also are connected to branch conduits 9 from a common supply duct 10 from a pressure fluid source not shown which may contain compressed air.
  • a pressure fluid source not shown which may contain compressed air.
  • the chambers 11 to 20 between the stay-tubes 2 and the tubular pieces 4 are connected in such a manner that a peristaltic advance feed movement is brought about in the hose.
  • the chambers 14 to 20 are alternately connected with, respectively, the pressure duct 10 and a counterpressure container 21.
  • the chamber 15 is connected to the duct 10 while the valve 8 of the chamber 16 is adjusted so that this chamber is connected to the counterpressure container 21.
  • a predetermined pressure must be exerted on the resilient wall of the chamber 16 in order to allow the batch of explosive to be forced down under expansion of said wall.
  • the tubes 7 for the chambers ll, 12 and 13 located nearest to the inlet side of the apparatus open into the atmosphere.
  • the valves 8 positioned in said tubes 7 thus connect the chambers either with the pressure conduit 10 or with the atmosphere.
  • Reference numeral 23 denotes a programming unit which by means of signal wires 24 is connected to electromagnetic members 25 for controlled'actuation of the individual valves 8 in a sequence, which is required for bringing about the peristaltic advance movement.
  • the counterpressure container 21 may be replaced by throttling members located in the tubes 7 or other suitable means.
  • the uppermost stay-tube 2 (FIG. 1) is provided with a cover 26 through which a feed tube 27 coaxial with the stay-tube 2 and the hose 1 passes and intended for supply of the dry or, if desired, moist phase of the constituents of the explosive.
  • the central tube 27 is provided with hinged dampers or valves 28 and 29 and with an upper hopper member 30 for supply of the dry substance.
  • the two hinged flaps 28, 29 are shown in position for downward feed of dry substance. When the tube 27 has been filled from above down to the closed flap 28, the flap 29 is closed for determining an exact quantity of dry substance, and thereafter the measured portion can be fed down into the kneading apparatus by opening the flap 28 while the flap 29 is still maintained in its closing position.
  • the cover 26 encloses an internal annular space 31, which is in connection with a tube socket 32 on which the end of a hose 33 is secured in a sealing manner (FIG. 2).
  • the bottom face of the cover 26 is provided with an annular nozzle 34.
  • Said annular nozzle 34 is formed between an inner sleeve 35 constituting a guide for the tube 27 and an outer sleeve 36 rigidly secured to the bottom face of the cover.
  • the lower end of the inner sleeve 35 projects past the outer sleeve 36 and has a conical surface facing the hose 1 whereby liquid supplied under pressure to the tube 32 and consisting of e.g.
  • glycerol trinitrate will be directed towards the interior wall of the hose 1 and thus prevent dry particles supplied at the same time through the tube 27 from adhering to said wall partly due to the rinsing effect caused thereby and partly by the wall during each advance of a batch being kept in a slippery condition by the liquid film which completely covers at least the upper portion of the interior wall of the hose 1.
  • Tests carried out in practice have shown that the liquid which through the annular nozzle is fed to the dry or moistened explosive substance supplied through the tube 27 to bring about the desired consistency and the desired properties of the final explosive are intermixed with the dry substance in a considerably more effective manner than when the liquid phase also is supplied through a feed tube of the same type as the tube 27.
  • the nozzle is fed with liquid from a dosing device of the type shown in FIG. 2.
  • This dosing device has a measuring chamber 41 consisting of a cylinder of flexible material, such as para-rubber, the ends of which cylinder are bent over an outer cylinder 42 made of e.g. metal or rigid plastic. The end portions bent outwards are kept clamped in a liquid-proof manner between the cylinder 42 and an upper cover 43 and a lower cover 44. The covers 43, 44 are retained pressed against the cylinder 42 by means not shown here.
  • the upper cover 43 is provided with a discharge tube 45 to which is attached the hose 33 leading to the inlet tube 32 of the apparatus.
  • the discharge opening of the upper cover 43 houses a feed check valve 46 devised to open when the liquid in the dosing chamber is subjected to pressure.
  • the lower cover 44 has an inlet opening with a feed check valve 47 devised to be closed when the liquid within the dosing chamber 41 is under pressure.
  • Connected to the inlet opening and the check valve 47 is a supply tube 48 with the hose 49, which is in connection with a liquid container not shown.
  • Opening into the tubular outer cylinder 42 is one end of a conduit 50, the outer end of which is connected to a cylinder 51 housing a piston 52 arranged in a sliding and sealing manner within the cylinder 51.
  • the piston 52 has a piston rod 53 connected to a control or pilot piston 54.
  • Said piston 54 is in a sliding and sealing manner arranged within a control cylinder 55 communicating with the cylinder 51.
  • the pressure space within the cylinder 55 is connected to a pressure duct 56 which via a valve not shown is in connection with a pressure fluid source, for example, the pressure fluid conduit 10.
  • the valve not shown is operated in response to signals from the programming unit 23.
  • the piston 52 is caused to perform its working stroke by pressure fluid being supplied through a pressure duct 57 which via a valve not shown here and of the same two-way type as the valves 8 and controlled from the programming unit 23 is connected to a pressure fluid source, eg the conduit 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows the dosing device in a position in which pressure fluid is supplied through the conduit 57 so that the workingpiston 52 is caused to move to the right in the Figure and to force oil or other suitable pressure liquid out of the space between the piston 52 and the piston 53 through the conduit 50 into the space between the tubular cylinder 42 and the flexible cylinder 41 which thus is compressed and forces liquid within the cylinder 41 to be discharged through the hose 33 to the nozzle 34.
  • the valve in the conduit 56 is kept open towards the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the valve of the conduit 57 is reversed and the conduit 57 is brought to communication with the atmosphere.
  • the valve of the conduit 56 is reversed so as to cause pressure fluid to be supplied to the conduit 56 and the cylinder 55 whereby the control piston 54 is displaced to the left in FIG. 3 and moves the piston 52 to the left-hand final position thereof. Since the piston 52 displaces more than the piston 54, the air present between the cylinder tube 42 and the flexible cylinder 41 will be sucked out during the movement to the left of the two pistons, so that the wall of the flexible cylinder 41 will be brought to bear against the wall of the cylinder tube 42. Hereby, liquid will be sucked out through the tube 49 into the flexible cylinder 41 which thus is filled with an exactly determined quantity of liquid of which a predetermined portion is pressed out by the next following working stroke within the cylinder 52.
  • the discharge opening of the liquid container not shown is positioned at a higher level than the inlet 48 whereby the liquid is caused during the return movement of the pistons 52, 54 to flow by its gravity and this is not sucked into the flexible cylinder 41.
  • the explosive to be worked in the apparatus according to the invention may, for example, contain a known mixture of glycerol trinitrate and glycol dinitrate which together form the liquid constituent, and inorganic nitrate such as ammonium nitrate and a gelination promoting agent such as nitro cellulose forming the solid or granular constituent.
  • the liquid constituent may amount to about 35 to 40 percent by weight of the mixture.
  • An apparatus for kneading doughy explosives composed of constituents in solid and in liquid state said apparatus including a longish hose of resilient material disposed from an inlet end to a discharge end to be actuated by means adapted simultaneously with the kneading effect to bring about a peristaltic advance movement of the explosive, characterized in that connected to the inlet end of said hose is an annular nozzle which is in connection with a pressure fluid source and disposed to direct the liquid constituent against the inner wall of the hose around the solid constituent supplied through a central feed tube.
  • liquid pressure source is adapted to deliver liquid under substantially constant pressure simultaneously with the'feeding down of batch of the solid constituent through the feed tube and in a quantity corresponding to the desired final liquid quantity in the doughy explosive.
  • the pressure liquid source consists of a closed cylinder having a flexible cylinder wall and a valve-controlled inlet opening and a valve-controlled discharge opening for liquid, said cylinder being positioned inside a closed pressure chamber devised to be supplied with a pressure fluid for delivery of a quantity of liquid determined by the supplied pressure fluid through the discharge opening of the cylinder to the annular nozzle.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US2004A 1968-12-31 1970-01-12 Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives Expired - Lifetime US3656716A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE18079/68A SE329117B (nl) 1968-12-31 1968-12-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3656716A true US3656716A (en) 1972-04-18

Family

ID=20304228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2004A Expired - Lifetime US3656716A (en) 1968-12-31 1970-01-12 Apparatus for kneading doughy explosives

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3656716A (nl)
JP (1) JPS4910723B1 (nl)
BR (1) BR6915682D0 (nl)
CA (1) CA922305A (nl)
CH (1) CH511197A (nl)
DE (1) DE1964583A1 (nl)
ES (1) ES375047A1 (nl)
FR (1) FR2027472A1 (nl)
GB (1) GB1293920A (nl)
NO (1) NO121708B (nl)
SE (1) SE329117B (nl)
ZM (1) ZM18569A1 (nl)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929318A (en) * 1974-12-09 1975-12-30 Exxon Research Engineering Co Static mixers for viscous material
US4059374A (en) * 1976-12-16 1977-11-22 Nikolai Alexandrovich Mikhalev Device for preparing polymer articles from monomers
US4810099A (en) * 1987-05-06 1989-03-07 Berwind Corporation Mixer
US5525305A (en) * 1992-11-02 1996-06-11 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno In vitro model of an in vivo digestive tract
US20040062140A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-01 Cadogan David Phillip Bioprocess container, bioprocess container mixing device and method of use thereof
US20050063250A1 (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-24 Hubbard John Dana Disposable mixing system
US20060140052A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-06-29 Erik Esveld Apparatus and method for mixing components
US20080123466A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
WO2008098854A1 (en) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Z.G. Camini Inox S.R.L. Pumping device particularly for fluids containing solid suspensions
US20100246315A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2010-09-30 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
EP2392397A3 (de) * 2010-06-01 2013-06-26 Robert Bosch GmbH Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer Flüssigkeit
US20150016211A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Steam/water static mixer injector for extrusion equipment
US20150367303A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2015-12-24 ASOCIACIÓN CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN COOPERATIVA EN BIOMATERIALES (CIC biomaGUNE) Non intrusive agitation system

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62102880U (nl) * 1985-12-19 1987-06-30
GB2195149A (en) * 1986-09-12 1988-03-30 S B Services Tubular diaphragm pumps
DE3723463A1 (de) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Karl Nagel Peristaltische verdraenger-pumpe fuer fluessige stoffe oder breiige gemenge mit pneumatischem oder hydraulischem antrieb
AU3236889A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-05 Ralph Anthony Rigby Apparatus for the control and promotion of fluid flow
GB8914369D0 (en) * 1989-06-22 1989-08-09 Robertson Thomas J M Pumps
CN103964978A (zh) * 2014-05-06 2014-08-06 河北晓进机械制造股份有限公司 乳化炸药装药机及其装药方法
JP7168951B2 (ja) * 2018-05-21 2022-11-10 学校法人 中央大学 混練方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2425237A (en) * 1943-02-19 1947-08-05 Flakice Corp Pneumatic nozzle
US2497532A (en) * 1942-05-15 1950-02-14 Milkweed Products Dev Corp Milkweed gin
US2990380A (en) * 1957-11-04 1961-06-27 Nopco Chem Co Process for producing foamed resinous materials
US3063683A (en) * 1959-07-22 1962-11-13 Beloit Iron Works Mixing apparatus
US3181839A (en) * 1963-08-13 1965-05-04 Pacific Vegets Le Oil Corp Method and apparatus for preexpansion of plastic foams

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2497532A (en) * 1942-05-15 1950-02-14 Milkweed Products Dev Corp Milkweed gin
US2425237A (en) * 1943-02-19 1947-08-05 Flakice Corp Pneumatic nozzle
US2990380A (en) * 1957-11-04 1961-06-27 Nopco Chem Co Process for producing foamed resinous materials
US3063683A (en) * 1959-07-22 1962-11-13 Beloit Iron Works Mixing apparatus
US3181839A (en) * 1963-08-13 1965-05-04 Pacific Vegets Le Oil Corp Method and apparatus for preexpansion of plastic foams

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929318A (en) * 1974-12-09 1975-12-30 Exxon Research Engineering Co Static mixers for viscous material
US4059374A (en) * 1976-12-16 1977-11-22 Nikolai Alexandrovich Mikhalev Device for preparing polymer articles from monomers
US4810099A (en) * 1987-05-06 1989-03-07 Berwind Corporation Mixer
US5525305A (en) * 1992-11-02 1996-06-11 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno In vitro model of an in vivo digestive tract
US20040062140A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-01 Cadogan David Phillip Bioprocess container, bioprocess container mixing device and method of use thereof
US6837610B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2005-01-04 Ilc Dover Lpp Bioprocess container, bioprocess container mixing device and method of use thereof
US7614781B2 (en) * 2002-11-20 2009-11-10 Conopco, Inc. Apparatus and method for mixing components
US20060140052A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-06-29 Erik Esveld Apparatus and method for mixing components
US7891860B2 (en) 2003-09-04 2011-02-22 Millipore Corporation Disposable mixing system
US7377686B2 (en) * 2003-09-04 2008-05-27 Millipore Corporation Disposable mixing system
US20080130405A1 (en) * 2003-09-04 2008-06-05 Millipore Corporation Disposable mixing system
US20050063250A1 (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-24 Hubbard John Dana Disposable mixing system
US8047704B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2011-11-01 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
US7963690B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2011-06-21 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
US20110186599A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2011-08-04 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with Dynamic Mixer for Two-Part Compositions
US20110186598A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2011-08-04 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with Dynamic Mixer for Two-Part Compositions
US8042991B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2011-10-25 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
US20080123466A1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Tylerville Technologies Llc Dispenser with dynamic mixer for two-part compositions
WO2008098854A1 (en) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Z.G. Camini Inox S.R.L. Pumping device particularly for fluids containing solid suspensions
US20100246315A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2010-09-30 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
US8277110B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-10-02 National Cheng Kung University Micromixer biochip
EP2392397A3 (de) * 2010-06-01 2013-06-26 Robert Bosch GmbH Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer Flüssigkeit
US20150367303A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2015-12-24 ASOCIACIÓN CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN COOPERATIVA EN BIOMATERIALES (CIC biomaGUNE) Non intrusive agitation system
US10427121B2 (en) * 2013-02-01 2019-10-01 Asociacion Centro De Investigacion Cooperativa En Biomateriales (Cic Biomagune) Non intrusive agitation system
US20150016211A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Steam/water static mixer injector for extrusion equipment
US9713893B2 (en) * 2013-07-09 2017-07-25 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Method of preconditioning comestible materials using steam/water static mixer
US9776356B1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2017-10-03 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Method of extruder operation using static mixer injector
US9776355B1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2017-10-03 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Extruder with static mixer injector
US20170297249A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2017-10-19 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Method of extruder operation using static mixer injector
US9908090B2 (en) * 2013-07-09 2018-03-06 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Steam/water static mixer injector for preconditioners
US9981416B1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2018-05-29 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Extruder with static mixer injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA922305A (en) 1973-03-06
BR6915682D0 (pt) 1973-06-12
ZM18569A1 (en) 1970-09-17
JPS4910723B1 (nl) 1974-03-12
SE329117B (nl) 1970-09-28
FR2027472A1 (nl) 1970-09-25
NO121708B (nl) 1971-03-29
GB1293920A (en) 1972-10-25
CH511197A (de) 1971-08-15
DE1964583A1 (de) 1970-07-23
ES375047A1 (es) 1972-03-16

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