US3652039A - Control devices for landing gear and hatchdoors with mechanical-hydraulic sequences - Google Patents

Control devices for landing gear and hatchdoors with mechanical-hydraulic sequences Download PDF

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Publication number
US3652039A
US3652039A US3652039DA US3652039A US 3652039 A US3652039 A US 3652039A US 3652039D A US3652039D A US 3652039DA US 3652039 A US3652039 A US 3652039A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
undercarriage
distributor
hatchdoor
opening
jack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Rene Lucien
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3652039A publication Critical patent/US3652039A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02—Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • B64C25/18—Operating mechanisms
    • B64C25/22—Operating mechanisms fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02—Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • B64C25/16—Fairings movable in conjunction with undercarriage elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/20—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors controlling several interacting or sequentially-operating members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/8671—With annular passage [e.g., spool]

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT locked retracted position in which the distributor connects said general lifting conduit to the chambers of said jack actuating the closure of said hatchdoors, and said general lowering conduit to the chamber of said jack actuating the opening of said hatchdoors.
  • the invention relates to landing gears and undercarriages for aircraft, and more precisely to retractable wheels and the doors of their housings.
  • Mechanical-hydraulic devices are known which are employed for operating undercarriages and the corresponding trapdoors, and which permit the door to be closed automatically when the undercarriage is up or down.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantage.
  • the chamber producing this opening of the jack is in communication with the source of pressure, and the hydraulic lock, although existing, only serves if there is a momentary fall in pressure at the source.
  • the distributor which controls the supply to the hatchdoor jack is actuated mechanically by the landing gear and effects this supply in two sequential stages.
  • the slide valve of the hatchdoor distributor is mechanically placed, by the undercarriage, in three characteristic positions:
  • the distributor causes the lowering conduit to communicate, by wide passages, with the chamber acting towards closure of the hatchdoor jack, and the lifting conduit with the chamber acting towards opening;
  • the distributor causes that of the two lifting and lowering conduits which is under pressure to communicate, through restricted passages and spring clapper valves, with the chamber acting towards closure;
  • the distributor causes the lifting conduit to communicate, through wide passages, with the chamber acting towards closure, and the lowering conduit with the chamber acting towards opening.
  • the device according to the invention enables the outward speed of the jack rod to be reduced at the end of opening of the hatchdoor, without the addition of a dash-pot.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized, as compared with known arrangements, by its great simplicity, and by the operation of the various distributors by the soleaction of the mechanical coupling between the various elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically an application of the invention to an undercarriage with a leg and strut, shown in the down position;
  • FIG. 2 is a detail showing diagrammatically a coupling between a certain roller and a certain crank-arm of F IG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a detail showing the positions of the hatchdoor distributor of FIG. ll;
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are three drawings explaining the operation of the hatchdoor distributor of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 7 and ii are two drawings explaining the operation of the undercarriage distributor of FIG. 1.
  • a landing gear comprising mainly a leg, an articulated strut and a jack. It should be noted that the invention is applicable to all undercarriages with retractable wheels.
  • this figure shows an application of the invention to a landing gear, shown in the down position, constituted by a leg 1, actuated by a jack 2 acting between the top of the leg 1 and a strut comprising a lower arm 3 and an upper arm 1, with a jack 11 for releasing the undercarriage in the retractable position, and having a hatchdoor 16, shown in the closed position, with its locking device in the closed position constituted by a hook 17 pivoted on a shaft 21 and restored by a spring 18, a roller 19 pivoted on a fixed shaft 191 and rigidly fixed to a jack 20 comprising a piston 201 restored by a spring 2M.
  • the device according to the invention comprises mainly a distributor 13 controlling the movements of the undercarriage, a distributor l2 controlling the movements of the hatchdoor, and the operating members of these distributors.
  • these members are a cam 14 and crank-rod 15 coupling the cam to the hatchdoor 16.
  • these members are the rocking lever 7, one extremity of which is coupled to the locking arm 9 of the hook d, the other to a crank-arm 6 actuated by a cam 5 coupled to the movement of the undercarriage (it is shown keyed on the strut-arm 4, but could be coupled to another element of the undercarriage).
  • roller 61 mounted on the extremity of the cranlearm 6 is compelled to move on a substantially straight-line trajectory during the angular movement of the leg ll of the undercarriage.
  • FIG. 2 comprises a guide-slot member, shown by way of nonlimitative example. This guiding could be effected by a set of levers (not shown).
  • a part 22 comprising a slot 221 is fixed.
  • the earn 5 comprising the slot 51 rotates with the strutarm 4 around the point 41.
  • the movement of the roller 61 in the slot 221 can only be made parallel to the sides of the slot.
  • the shaft of the upper extremity of the rocking-lever 7 will occupy two characteristic positions due to the profile of the slot $1 of the cam 5 (slope on the portion 53 and then the circular portion 54 having its centre at 41).
  • the displacement of the shaft 71 from TB to TNB and vice versa is effected by the work supplied by the undercarriage jack 2.
  • the movement of the shaft 72 from C to CF is effected by the work of the jack 24 and the spring 10 while the movement in the opposite direction from CF to CO results from the action of the releasing jack 1 1.
  • the body of this distributor comprises a coupling 122 connected to the lowering conduit and opening into the central bore, on the one hand directly at the extreme left at 123 and at the extreme right at 124, and on the other hand through a conduit 125 of reduced section and a return clapper-valve 126 on the left at 127 and through a conduit 128 of reduced section and an inlet clapper-valve 129 on the right at 1211.
  • the body of this distributor comprises two passages 1222 and 1223 opening into the central body and coupled respectively to the chambers 232 and 233 of the hatchdoor jack 23.
  • the slide-valve of this distributor is provided with two wide annular grooves 1226 and 1227.
  • the groove 1226 puts the passage 1222 into communication with two of the four openings on the left-hand side and the groove 1227 puts the passage 1223 into communication with two of the four righthand openings as will be explained in detail below.
  • the groove 1226 puts the lowering conduit and the chamber 232 of the hatchdoor jack 23 into communication and the groove 1227 puts the lifting conduit into communication with the chamber 233 of this jack.
  • the jack 23 actuates the closure of the hatchdoor.
  • the undercarriage is retracted, the lowering conduit being put to the tank and the lifting conduit being under pressure, the chamber 232 is evacuated and the chamber 233 is supplied.
  • the jack actuates the opening of the hatchdoor.
  • the groove 1226 puts the lifting conduit into communication with the chamber 232 of the hatchdoor jack 23 and the groove 1227 puts the lowering conduit into communication with the chamber 233 of this jack.
  • the undercarriage is lowered, the lowering conduit being under pressure and the lifting conduit being put to the tank, the chamber 233 is supplied and the chamber 232 is evacuated; the jack 23 actuates the opening of the hatchdoor.
  • the undercarriage is raised, the lowering conduit being put to the tank and the lifting conduit being under pressure, the chamber 232 is supplied and the chamber 233 is evacuated; the jack 23 actuates the closure of the hatchdoor.
  • the distributor 13 which controls the operation of the undercarriage is associated with the movement of the hatchdoor.
  • the coupling between the hatchdoor l6 and the undercarriage distributor 13 is effected by a system comprising a crank-rod 15, a cam 14 with a slot 141 in which circulates a roller 132 fixed on the extremity of the slide-valve 131 by a shaft 133.
  • the cam comprises a circular portion 143 having its center at 142 and a sloping portion 144. It is this portion which acts on the roller 132 at the end of the opening phase.
  • the distributor 13 is a hydraulic double reversing type and will not therefore be described in detail.
  • the slide-valve 131 of the distributor When the hatchdoor is closed (position shown) or partly closed (position corresponding to 'y) the slide-valve 131 of the distributor is in the position PF. In this position, whether the pressure is applied or not in the lifting or lowering circuit through the ends 134 or 135, the conduits terminating at the undercarriage jack corresponding to the end-pieces 136 and 137 are put into communication with the return circuit (endpiece 138) and the undercarriage is not actuated.
  • said hatchdoor distributor comprising a first coupling connected to the general lifting conduit, a first orifice connected to said first coupling and opening into the bore of said distributor directly at its center, a first channel of reduced section connected to said first coupling, a first return clapper-valve connected to said first channel, a second orifice connected to said first valve and opening into the bore of said distributor on one side of its center, a second channel of reduced section connected to said first coupling, a second inlet clapper-valve connected to said second channel, a third orifice connected to said second valve and opening into the bore of said distributor on the other side of its center, a second coupling connected to said general lowering conduit, a third channel of reduced section connected to said second coup
  • a device as claimed in claim )1 comprising a jack actuating the undercarriage, a distributor controlled by said hatchdoor and supplying said undercarriage jack only when the opening of said hatchdoor is greater than a predetermined angle, and a cam actuated by said hatchdoor and actuating said undercarriage distributor, said undercarriage distributor connecting the two supply conduits of said undercarriage jack to the general return conduit when the opening of said hatchdoor is less than said predetermined angle or to the general lifting and lowering conduits when the opening of said hatchdoor is greater than said predetermined angle.
  • said kinematic coupling comprises a rocking-lever pivoted on the rod of the slide-valve of said hatchdoor distributor, a cam actuated by the undercarriage, a lever actuated by said cam and imposing, on one extremity of said rocking-lever, two positions depending on whether the undercarriage is in the down position or not, and a lever, actuated by the locking of the undercarriage in its retracted position, and imposing two positions on the other extremity of said rockinglever, depending on whether the undercarriage is in the locked and retracted position or not.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
US3652039D 1969-01-31 1970-01-30 Control devices for landing gear and hatchdoors with mechanical-hydraulic sequences Expired - Lifetime US3652039A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6902189A FR2036686B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-01-31 1969-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3652039A true US3652039A (en) 1972-03-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3652039D Expired - Lifetime US3652039A (en) 1969-01-31 1970-01-30 Control devices for landing gear and hatchdoors with mechanical-hydraulic sequences

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3652039A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2004097C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2036686B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1303663A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4573649A (en) * 1983-08-01 1986-03-04 The Boeing Company Integrated alternate gear extension and ground-crew door opening/closing system for an aircraft
EP0934874A3 (en) * 1998-02-06 1999-10-27 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Aircraft undercarriage door latching assembly
US6027070A (en) * 1998-02-17 2000-02-22 Triumph Controls, Inc. Aircraft landing gear manual release assembly
US6854689B1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2005-02-15 The Boeing Company Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US20090071207A1 (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-03-19 Jorg Meyer Locking system and method for operating a locking system
WO2010063110A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Messier-Dowty Inc. Landing gear bay door with double hook mechanism
US20100140394A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Messier-Dowty Inc. Roller slot door mechanism
US20140311594A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-23 Hilite Germany Gmbh Central valve for pivot motor actuator
US10259568B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2019-04-16 Goodrich Corporation Non-jamming shrink latch assembly for retractable aircraft landing gear
US10689099B2 (en) * 2015-05-19 2020-06-23 Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh Locking device of an aircraft landing gear

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2061559B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1969-06-27 1974-06-14 Messier Hispano Sa
FR2529859A1 (fr) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-13 Messier Hispano Sa Bloc integre de commande des atterrisseurs pour aeronef
FR2980461B1 (fr) * 2011-09-26 2013-10-04 Messier Bugatti Dowty Dispositif de manoeuvre au sol d'une trappe d'un atterrisseur d'aeronef.
CN114215804B (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-04-29 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 一种用于驱动弯刀支撑机构的电液伺服系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2701695A (en) * 1949-08-18 1955-02-08 Mcdonnell Aircraft Corp Hydraulic interlock for retractable landing gear and closure operators for the chambers therefor
US3107886A (en) * 1961-11-09 1963-10-22 Kaman Aircraft Corp Hydraulic system for aircraft landing gear and hydraulic actuator therefor
US3263574A (en) * 1964-06-15 1966-08-02 Hydraulic Unit Specialities Co Speed and directional control valve for double acting lift cylinder

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR965855A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1950-09-23
FR891651A (fr) * 1943-03-03 1944-03-15 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Dispositif hydraulique pour actionner des trains d'atterrissage ou analogues escamotables à l'intérieur de l'avion ainsi que les volets obturant les ouvertures de passage
US2552843A (en) * 1948-08-23 1951-05-15 Northrop Aircraft Inc Sequence control for landing gears

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2701695A (en) * 1949-08-18 1955-02-08 Mcdonnell Aircraft Corp Hydraulic interlock for retractable landing gear and closure operators for the chambers therefor
US3107886A (en) * 1961-11-09 1963-10-22 Kaman Aircraft Corp Hydraulic system for aircraft landing gear and hydraulic actuator therefor
US3263574A (en) * 1964-06-15 1966-08-02 Hydraulic Unit Specialities Co Speed and directional control valve for double acting lift cylinder

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4573649A (en) * 1983-08-01 1986-03-04 The Boeing Company Integrated alternate gear extension and ground-crew door opening/closing system for an aircraft
EP0934874A3 (en) * 1998-02-06 1999-10-27 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Aircraft undercarriage door latching assembly
US6168113B1 (en) 1998-02-06 2001-01-02 Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited Uplock assembly
US6027070A (en) * 1998-02-17 2000-02-22 Triumph Controls, Inc. Aircraft landing gear manual release assembly
US6854689B1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2005-02-15 The Boeing Company Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US20060027706A1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2006-02-09 Lindahl Gary M Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US7093795B2 (en) 2004-02-09 2006-08-22 The Boeing Company Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US20080308672A1 (en) * 2004-02-09 2008-12-18 Lindahl Gary M Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US7475849B2 (en) 2004-02-09 2009-01-13 The Boeing Company Methods and systems for operating aircraft landing gears
US20090071207A1 (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-03-19 Jorg Meyer Locking system and method for operating a locking system
US8061654B2 (en) * 2007-07-13 2011-11-22 Liebherr—Aerospace Lindenberg GmbH Locking system
US20100140395A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Messier-Dowty Inc. Double hook door mechanism
US8453965B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2013-06-04 Messier-Dowty Inc. Double hook door mechanism
CN102239085A (zh) * 2008-12-05 2011-11-09 梅西埃-道蒂公司 具有双钩机构的起落架舱门
WO2010063110A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Messier-Dowty Inc. Landing gear bay door with double hook mechanism
JP2012510912A (ja) * 2008-12-05 2012-05-17 メシエ−ダウティ・インコーポレイテッド ローラスロットドア機構
US8231078B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2012-07-31 Messier-Dowty Inc Double hook door mechanism
US8267351B2 (en) * 2008-12-05 2012-09-18 Messier-Dowty Inc. Roller slot door mechanism
US20100140394A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Messier-Dowty Inc. Roller slot door mechanism
RU2486103C2 (ru) * 2008-12-05 2013-06-27 Мессиер-Даути Инк. Устройство для открытия и закрытия створки и ниши шасси летательного аппарата (варианты) и механизм створки ниши шасси
CN102239085B (zh) * 2008-12-05 2013-12-25 梅西埃-道蒂公司 具有双钩机构的起落架舱门
EP2352670A4 (en) * 2008-12-05 2014-02-19 Messier Dowty Inc CHASSIS LOAD DOOR WITH ROLLER SLIDING MECHANISM
US20140311594A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-23 Hilite Germany Gmbh Central valve for pivot motor actuator
US9194506B2 (en) * 2013-04-22 2015-11-24 Hilite Germany Gmbh Central valve for pivot motor actuator
US10689099B2 (en) * 2015-05-19 2020-06-23 Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh Locking device of an aircraft landing gear
US10259568B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2019-04-16 Goodrich Corporation Non-jamming shrink latch assembly for retractable aircraft landing gear

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2004097B2 (de) 1979-01-11
FR2036686A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-31
DE2004097A1 (de) 1970-08-27
GB1303663A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-17
DE2004097C3 (de) 1979-09-13
FR2036686B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-22

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