US3650856A - Red phosphorus castable smoke producing composition - Google Patents
Red phosphorus castable smoke producing composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3650856A US3650856A US864159A US3650856DA US3650856A US 3650856 A US3650856 A US 3650856A US 864159 A US864159 A US 864159A US 3650856D A US3650856D A US 3650856DA US 3650856 A US3650856 A US 3650856A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- smoke
- castable
- weight percent
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B39/00—Compositions containing free phosphorus or a binary compound of phosphorus, except with oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
- Y10S149/117—Smoke or weather composition contains resin
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A castable pyrotechnic white smoke composition which comprises red phosphorous, an alkali metal nitrate, magnesium and a suitable castable polymeric binder.
- Smoke markers or grenades are very useful in both military and commercial applications. In military applications, smoke markers can be used to identify target sites. Additionally, in both commercial and military applications such smoke markers are used for rescue operations to identify parties being retrieved. In order for a smoke marker to be readily handleable, it should be capable of being placed in a closed can or container which in some instances can actually be a grenade. If the smoke composition is so disposed in an enclosed container, it must be susceptible to generating smoke without the presence of oxygen or air. In other words, the composition should be self-sustaining. Further, smoke composition should be preferably capable of slow dissipation of the smoke over a given period of time, to allow for identification of the area in which the smoke is originating.
- white phosphorous Prior to the herein invention, white phosphorous had often been utilized as the main smoke generating ingredient in various compositions.
- whitephosphorous has a drawback in that it is spontaneously combustible in air, which makes it extremely dangerous to handle. Further, white phosphorous rapidly dissipates smoke and does not allow for a gradual release thereof.
- red phosphorous smoke compositions Little effort had been directed in the past to the use of red phosphorous smoke compositions. When red phosphorous was used it was in the form of pressed powder and was not cast as a grain. This is an expensive, time consuming and sometimes dangerous process. Further, pressed powders do not have the structural integrity of cast grains. The previous pressed red phosphorous compositions additionally need air in order to burn and were not self-sustaining, and thus could not be used in closed containers where air could not reach the material.
- an object of this invention is to provide a self-sustaining castable white smoke composition.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a self-sustaining castable smoke composition containing red phosphorous.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide a castable -white smoke composition which has a long and controlled burn time.
- a novel castable white smoke composition of this invention based on red phosphorous which will burn in the absence of atmospheric oxygen.
- the composition of the invention contains red phosphorous as a primary fuel ingredient to generate the smoke.
- the composition additionally contains an alkaline metal nitrate as an oxidizer.
- the composition contains a metallic fuel, such as magnesium, in a relatively small amount.
- the composition is held together by a castable binder which additionally serves as a fuel.
- a castable binder which additionally serves as a fuel.
- Virtually any polymeric binder which is suitable for solid propellant utilization can be used. It is preferred that the binder have a relatively high oxygen content and that it cure to a rubbery state.
- a typical example of such a binder is the class of polysulphide rubbers.
- compositions can be present in the composition.
- the ingredients are typically mixed together in a suitable mixer, poured into the containers or hardware for the smoke composition, and cured at suitable curing conditions of temperature and pressure.
- a suitable mixer poured into the containers or hardware for the smoke composition, and cured at suitable curing conditions of temperature and pressure.
- red phosphorous The main component of the smoke composition of this invention is red phosphorous.
- red phosphorous was very seldom used in smoke compositions.
- U.S. Pat. No. 528,5]5 red phosphorous was combined with nitrate and pressed in one embodiment to form a composition which would produce a bright flash of light.
- red phosphorous has been previously used in an attempt to form a smoke generating composition, it additionally was in a pressed form, not cast, and required the presence of air to burn.
- White phosphorous has been used mostly in the past in smoke compositions. However, it is spontaneously combustible in air, as indicated, and does not provide a slow controlled dissipation of smoke.
- the red phosphorous used in this invention can vary from 31 to 47 weight percent of the smoke composition. Red phosphorous is normally in a fine particle form. It is not readily obtainable in various size particles. Because of this, one cannot readily achieve a high solid loading in a cast composition, and thus the upper limit of 47 weight percent of the material is determined by a solids loading capability for cast compositions.
- An alkali metal nitrate is used in the composition of this invention as an oxidizer.
- Typical nitrates include sodium and potassium nitrates.
- One of the primary problems in forming a suitable composition is an unwanted reaction between the oxidizer and the phosphorous. Thus, highly reactive materials, such as the chlorates and perchlorates, are not suitable for the compositions of this invention.
- the nitrate is used in a solid particulate form in amounts varying from 18 to 32 weight percent of the smoke composition.
- magnesium is added to the composition of the invention.
- Magnesium reacts with the nitrate present to generate the heat required for continued combustion of the phosphorous without snuffing out. Further, the reaction of the magnesium with the nitrate helps to provide reliable ignition of the smoke composition. It has been found that from 4 to 5 weight percent magnesium in the smoke composition serves to accomplish the aforegoing purposes.
- a polymeric binder is used. Virtually any binder which has been found suitable for solid propellant compositions can be used herein. However, it is not desirable to have the smoke composition too rigid or brittle, since it is subject often to shock loads particularly when it is used as a grenade. In fact it is preferred that the polymer cure to a rubbery state.
- binders include the polysulfide rubbers, polysulfide-epoxy mixtures such as Thiokol LP-3/Dow Epoxy DER 321 and DER 736 and polyesters produced from the reaction of dibasic acids with dihydric alcohols.
- a typical polyester binder is hydroxy-terminated polyester resin R-l 8 as supplied by Mobay Chemical Co. formed from adipic acid and diethylene glycol. Additionally, hydroxy and carboxy terminated butadienes are further contemplated.
- any of the polymeric binders set forth can be used herein. Together with the polymer material, there is generally utilized a suitable plasticizer and cross-linking agent.
- plasticizers are contemplated, which are conventional and well known in the art depending upon the binder selected.
- Typical plasticizers include, for example, triacetin, bis-dinitropropylacrylate-formal (BDNPA-F), and trimethylolethanetrinitrate (TMETN).
- BDNPA-F bis-dinitropropylacrylate-formal
- TMETN trimethylolethanetrinitrate
- Various other plasticizers are contemplated and can be used.
- the binder composition will have a certain amount of cross-linking material added thereto.
- Preferred cross-linking material is PAPI which is polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate.
- Additional cross-linking agents could include, but are not limited to for example, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, castor oil, toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl-methane diisocyanate and MAP0 which is tris [l-(2-methyl)-aziridinyl] phosphine oxide.
- the binder and plasticizer if present, will constitute from 25 to 35 weight percent of the smoke composition.
- the weight ratio of plasticizer to hinder can vary from :1 to 1.521.
- the cross-linking agent will vary from to 20 weight percent of the active binder material, depending upon the materials used and the state of cure desired in the end product.
- FEAA ferric acetylacetonate
- EEAA ferric acetylacetonate
- Other accelerators can be used to hasten the cure time. Selection of fuel accelerators will depend on the composition chosen. For example, when TMETN is a plasticizer then trimethylolpropane TMP, is a most suitable accelerator together with FEAA.
- composition ranges set forth provide a smoke that is underoxidized.
- oxidizer present to furnish oxygen for the full combustion of the fuel components.
- This is very important to the herein invention in that it has been found that in fully oxidized or over oxidized compositions the smoke will burn too vigorously in an uncontrollable manner.
- the composition does provide a castable smoke which does burn in the absence of atmospheric oxygen.
- a castable red phosphorous smoke composition which will burn in the absence of air was not believed to be known.
- the formulation of the smoke is simple and straightforward. Generally the magnesium, phosphorous, plasticizer, and binder are first added to a mixer and mixed at a suitable temperature for a period of time to achieve homogeneity. The nitrate is then added and additional mixing under vacuum is accomplished at the mixed temperature. A vacuum is utilized at this stage to remove any air entrapped in the composition so that more dense castings can be made. Finally, after the nitrate has been mixed into the composition the cross-linking agent and other additives such as the FEAA are added and the final mix continued until all the materials have been thoroughly dispersed. It is preferred to vacuum cast the mixture into prepared hardware used, such as cans or grenades or any other suitable containers for the smoke composition. Casting conditions will of course vary depending upon the binder and cross-linking agents utilized. As indicated, the cure should provide a rubbery final composition as compared to a brittle or rigid one.
- the smoke composition of this invention can be ignited by virtually any ignition technique utilized for solid propellant ignition. These include a boron/potassium nitrate pellet, electric squibs, electric detonators and explosive materials such as Detacord, Primacord, and Pyroeore. Additionally a first fire mix or igniter mix can be coated onto a surface.
- a typical ignition composition is comprised of silicon, lead oxide and cuprous oxide which would be mixed with nitrocellulose in a suitable solvent to form a lacquer that is spread onto the surface to be ignited. It is believed that the invention will be further understood from the following detailed examples.
- a 5,000-gram batch of a smoke composition of this invention was prepared having the following composition expressed in weight percent.
- the percent accelerator is added above the entire composition of the A standard l-gallon Baker-Perkins vertical mixer commonly used for solid propellant mixing was used to mix the ingredients of this invention.
- the polyester binder, triacetin, magnesium, and phosphorous were all initially added to the mixer and mixed for 15 minutes at F.
- the mixing was then stopped and the sodium nitrate was then added and mixing continued for an additional 10 minutes under vacuum at F.
- the PAP! and FEAA were then finally added and the mixing was continued for an additional 10 minutes at 160 F. under vacuum.
- the composition was vacuum cast into polyethylene tubes which were 2% inches long and had a diameter of three-fourths of an inch.
- the filled tubes were placed in an oven and cured at 160 F. for 16 hours to a rubbery state.
- the aforegoing composition was determined to have a buming rate of 0.70 inch per minute. This composition was additionally found to have an autoignition temperature in excess of 500 F. and was insensitive to impact with a 5 pound weight from a height of at least 50 inches. The composition burned with a bright yellow flame and produced voluminous quantities of white smoke.
- EXAMPLE II A slow burning formulation was tested as compared to that described in Example 1.
- the composition of the smoke in this example comprised:
- EXAMPLE III A fast burning formulation in accord with this invention was formulated for this example using the procedures of Example I and the same polyethylene tubes for casting the grain.
- the composition used in this example comprised:
- a castable smoke producing composition comprising from 31 to 47 weight percent red phosphorous, from 18 to 32 weight percent alkali metal nitrate, from 4 to 5 weight percent magnesium and from to 35 weight percent of a castable polymeric binder.
- composition of claim 1 in which the castable polymeric binder is a castable polysulphide, polysulphideepoxy mixture, polyester or polybutadiene.
- composition of claim 5 in which the dibasic acid is adipic acid and the dihydric alcohol is diethylene glycol.
- composition of claim 7 in which the cross-linking agent is present in an amount of from 10 to 20 weight percent based on a total castable polymeric binder content.
- composition of claim 7 in which the plasticizer is trimethylolethanetrinitrate, triacetin, or bisdinitropropylacrylate-formal.
- composition otlciaim 7 in which the cross-linking agent is polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate.
- composition of claim 7 in which the composition includes from 0.001 to 0.01 weight percent of ferric acetylacetonate catalyst.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US86415969A | 1969-10-06 | 1969-10-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3650856A true US3650856A (en) | 1972-03-21 |
Family
ID=25342649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US864159A Expired - Lifetime US3650856A (en) | 1969-10-06 | 1969-10-06 | Red phosphorus castable smoke producing composition |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3650856A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS497207B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2055370A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE757039A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA931041A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE2048583A1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1325450A (fr) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3726225A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1973-04-10 | Us Army | Plastic bonded smoke |
US3986907A (en) * | 1975-03-07 | 1976-10-19 | Thiokol Corporation | Illuminating flare composition containing tetranitrocarbazole |
US4129465A (en) * | 1977-07-21 | 1978-12-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Smoke-generating composition |
US4151233A (en) * | 1977-10-19 | 1979-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for preparing a smoke agent |
US4503004A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1985-03-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of molding a red phosphorous pyrotechnic composition |
US4534810A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Red phosphorous smoke producing composition |
US4860657A (en) * | 1978-05-05 | 1989-08-29 | Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. | Projectile |
US5522320A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-06-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Low-toxicity obscuring smoke formulation |
US20080245252A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-10-09 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US7700679B2 (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2010-04-20 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Heat-recoverable article and composition therefor |
DE102008060573A1 (de) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pyrotechnische Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines Tarnnebels |
US20100288403A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2010-11-18 | Busky Randall T | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions |
US20110000390A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2011-01-06 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8206522B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free sensitized explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
RU2472763C1 (ru) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-01-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение им. В.И. Чапаева" | Аэрозолеобразующий состав для образования дымовых маскирующих завес |
RU2478600C1 (ru) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение им. В.И. Чапаева" | Состав для формирования дымовой завесы |
US8460486B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2013-06-11 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primer composition and systems incorporating same |
US8540828B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2013-09-24 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same |
US8641842B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-02-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3028933C1 (de) * | 1980-07-30 | 1989-11-23 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | Hochbelastbarer Nebelformkoerper mit Breitbandtarnwirkung |
GB2188921B (en) * | 1983-04-05 | 1988-03-09 | Haley & Weller Ltd | Pyrotechnic composition for producing radiation-blocking screen |
JP4969841B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-19 | 2012-07-04 | 日本工機株式会社 | 赤外線遮蔽発煙組成物 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1419295A (en) * | 1921-03-30 | 1922-06-13 | Harry J Nichols | Pyrotechnic composition |
US2658874A (en) * | 1944-11-07 | 1953-11-10 | John P Clay | Smoke agent |
US3147161A (en) * | 1961-06-19 | 1964-09-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Propellant composition cured with aziridinyl compounds |
US3193422A (en) * | 1962-02-19 | 1965-07-06 | Buck Hedwig | Smoke agents |
US3245849A (en) * | 1959-07-20 | 1966-04-12 | Aerojet General Co | Solid propellant compositions containing polyurethane resins of low cure temperature |
US3418184A (en) * | 1968-01-16 | 1968-12-24 | Navy Usa | Smoke producing propellant |
US3431153A (en) * | 1967-10-16 | 1969-03-04 | Us Army | Solidified plastic matrix containing white phosphorous |
US3467558A (en) * | 1967-09-01 | 1969-09-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Pyrotechnic disseminating composition containing an agent to be disseminated |
US3488711A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1970-01-06 | Knapsack Ag | Process for impregnating red phosphorus |
-
0
- BE BE757039D patent/BE757039A/fr unknown
-
1969
- 1969-10-06 US US864159A patent/US3650856A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-09-17 GB GB4448470A patent/GB1325450A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-09-17 CA CA093348A patent/CA931041A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-09-30 AU AU20553/70A patent/AU2055370A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-10-02 DE DE19702048583 patent/DE2048583A1/de active Pending
- 1970-10-06 JP JP45087184A patent/JPS497207B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1419295A (en) * | 1921-03-30 | 1922-06-13 | Harry J Nichols | Pyrotechnic composition |
US2658874A (en) * | 1944-11-07 | 1953-11-10 | John P Clay | Smoke agent |
US3245849A (en) * | 1959-07-20 | 1966-04-12 | Aerojet General Co | Solid propellant compositions containing polyurethane resins of low cure temperature |
US3147161A (en) * | 1961-06-19 | 1964-09-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Propellant composition cured with aziridinyl compounds |
US3193422A (en) * | 1962-02-19 | 1965-07-06 | Buck Hedwig | Smoke agents |
US3488711A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1970-01-06 | Knapsack Ag | Process for impregnating red phosphorus |
US3467558A (en) * | 1967-09-01 | 1969-09-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Pyrotechnic disseminating composition containing an agent to be disseminated |
US3431153A (en) * | 1967-10-16 | 1969-03-04 | Us Army | Solidified plastic matrix containing white phosphorous |
US3418184A (en) * | 1968-01-16 | 1968-12-24 | Navy Usa | Smoke producing propellant |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3726225A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1973-04-10 | Us Army | Plastic bonded smoke |
US3986907A (en) * | 1975-03-07 | 1976-10-19 | Thiokol Corporation | Illuminating flare composition containing tetranitrocarbazole |
US4129465A (en) * | 1977-07-21 | 1978-12-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Smoke-generating composition |
US4151233A (en) * | 1977-10-19 | 1979-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for preparing a smoke agent |
US4860657A (en) * | 1978-05-05 | 1989-08-29 | Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. | Projectile |
US4534810A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Red phosphorous smoke producing composition |
US4503004A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1985-03-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of molding a red phosphorous pyrotechnic composition |
US5522320A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-06-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Low-toxicity obscuring smoke formulation |
US7700679B2 (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2010-04-20 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Heat-recoverable article and composition therefor |
US8460486B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2013-06-11 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primer composition and systems incorporating same |
US20110100246A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2011-05-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primers comprising a primer composition and ordnance including the same |
US7857921B2 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2010-12-28 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions |
US8524018B2 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2013-09-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Percussion primers comprising a primer composition and ordnance including the same |
US20100288403A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2010-11-18 | Busky Randall T | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions |
US9199887B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2015-12-01 | Orbital Atk, Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus and methods of forming same |
US20080245252A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-10-09 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US20110000390A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2011-01-06 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8192568B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8202377B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-19 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8454769B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-06-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8454770B1 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-06-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8540828B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2013-09-24 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Nontoxic, noncorrosive phosphorus-based primer compositions and an ordnance element including the same |
DE102008060573A1 (de) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pyrotechnische Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines Tarnnebels |
DE102008060573B4 (de) * | 2008-12-04 | 2016-08-11 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pyrotechnische Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines Tarnnebels |
US8470107B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2013-06-25 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8206522B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Non-toxic, heavy-metal free sensitized explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same |
US8641842B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-02-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Propellant compositions including stabilized red phosphorus, a method of forming same, and an ordnance element including the same |
RU2478600C1 (ru) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение им. В.И. Чапаева" | Состав для формирования дымовой завесы |
RU2472763C1 (ru) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-01-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение им. В.И. Чапаева" | Аэрозолеобразующий состав для образования дымовых маскирующих завес |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1325450A (en) | 1973-08-01 |
BE757039A (fr) | 1971-03-16 |
DE2048583A1 (de) | 1971-04-15 |
CA931041A (en) | 1973-07-31 |
JPS497207B1 (fr) | 1974-02-19 |
AU2055370A (en) | 1972-04-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3650856A (en) | Red phosphorus castable smoke producing composition | |
US4130061A (en) | Gun fired projectile having reduced drag | |
US3617403A (en) | Ignition transfer composition comprising fuel, oxidizer and fluoroelastomer | |
DE2530208A1 (de) | Brandsatz | |
US3467558A (en) | Pyrotechnic disseminating composition containing an agent to be disseminated | |
US3830672A (en) | Solid porous, coated oxidizer, method of preparation and novel propellant compositions | |
US3986910A (en) | Composite propellants containing critical pressure increasing additives | |
US2968542A (en) | Illuminants | |
US3668026A (en) | Castable pyrotechnic colored smoke composition | |
US3754511A (en) | Fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket | |
US4570540A (en) | LOVA Type black powder propellant surrogate | |
US3418184A (en) | Smoke producing propellant | |
US4302259A (en) | MgH2 and Sr(NO3)2 pyrotechnic composition | |
US3044911A (en) | Propellant system | |
US3959041A (en) | Illumination and incendiary composition for explosive munitions | |
US3755019A (en) | Solid propellant compositions containing plasticized nitrocellulose and aluminum hydride | |
US4997497A (en) | Castable smoke-producing pyrotechnic compositions | |
US2530491A (en) | Incendiary composition | |
US4534810A (en) | Red phosphorous smoke producing composition | |
US3214308A (en) | Thermally stable propellant powders containing powdered polymeric materials and perchlorates | |
US3170283A (en) | Compacted hydrazine bisborane fuel and method of operating gas generators | |
US2995430A (en) | Composite propellant reinforced with | |
US3069300A (en) | Boron containing fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket | |
US3383860A (en) | Low flame temperature gas generant containing ammonium iodate and methode of operatin a gas generator | |
DE2337524A1 (de) | Pyrotechnischer brennsatz |