US3650282A - Continuous quenching apparatus - Google Patents

Continuous quenching apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3650282A
US3650282A US875769A US3650282DA US3650282A US 3650282 A US3650282 A US 3650282A US 875769 A US875769 A US 875769A US 3650282D A US3650282D A US 3650282DA US 3650282 A US3650282 A US 3650282A
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United States
Prior art keywords
jet
support
structures
jet structures
quenching
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Expired - Lifetime
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US875769A
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English (en)
Inventor
John R Hollyer
Robert A Andreas
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Drever Co
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Drever Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching

Definitions

  • a quenching apparatus that comprises a support circumferentially and spacedly disposed relative to an object to be quenched, with a relatively closely spaced array of jet structures to which cooling fluid is supplied being slidably mounted on the support.
  • Anti-friction means on each of the jet structures are biased into contact with the object for adjustably moving the corresponding jet structures on the support to maintain a selected clearance relative to the object.
  • the jet structures may be selectively adjusted relative to each other to accommodate different sized objects to be quenched.
  • the individual jet structures consisting of a jet opening and a fluid directing spoon are disposed at a relatively small angle to the adjacent surface of the object.
  • An axial series of supports, each provided with an array of jet structures has the angle of direction of the jet increasingly inclined to the surface of the object going from the entrance support to the exit support.
  • the present invention relates to quenching apparatus and more particularly to continuous quenching apparatus which can be associated with a production line for various elongated shapes such as tubular products, large diameter line pipe, bars, rods, extrusions, sections, and billets.
  • prior apparatus is capable of accommodating shapes of only a given cross sectional configuration.
  • Our novel quenching apparatus is suitable for a wide variety of quenching and cooling applications. For example, in quenching line pipe, bars, casings, and other elongated shapes, maximized properties are obtainable when austenitized steel at about l,600 F. is transformed to the maximum percentage of which low alloy steel is inherently capable at the critical transformation point. It is well known that the attendant temperature drop must be accomplished within a well defined time schedule for maximum conversion of austenite to martensite. With the heat transfer coefficient provided by our quenching apparatus a conversion in excess of percent can be accomplished in most applications, depending upon thermal diffusivity and ultimate hardenability. It is essential to complete the conversion of austenite to martensite in a very short time. In any event, some 30 percent better results are attained by our invention than with any prior quench of which we are aware.
  • our quenching apparatus also is desirable for various types of austenitic steels wherein other metallurgical changes are effected instead of the conversion from austenite to martensite.
  • austenitic steel at about l,900 F. is cooled to a temperature of about l,0O F.
  • the quench desirably is made as quickly as possible to produce maximum physical properties and freedom from carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries.
  • a uniform quench is necessary to maintain dimensional stability in the product.
  • Our apparatus also is useful in temper-quenching in which the product may be air-tempered at l,l00-l,500 F. and subsequently cooled to about 750 F. This type of quenching must also be made as rapidly as possible to avoid temper embrittlement from a secondary precipitation of carbide.
  • quenching apparatus comprising a support circumferentially and spacedly disposed relative to an object to be quenched, a relatively closely spaced array of jet structures slidably mounted on said support, means for moving each of said jet structures to a selected position on said support relative to said object, and means for supplying a cooling fluid to each of said jet structures.
  • each of said jet structures includes anti-frictional means for contacting said object, said anti-frictional means being disposed on said jet structure so as to space said jet structures predetermined distance from the respectively adjacent surface of said object.
  • biasing means are coupled to each of said jet structures for urging said jet structures towards said object.
  • said supplying means include a ring header mounted adjacent said support and circumferentially surrounding said object, and a plurality of flexible conduits are coupled to said header and to said jet structures.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one form of continuous quenching apparatus arranged in accordance with our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial front elevational view of an alternative disposition of the apparatus of FIG. 2 for handling small diameter shapes;
  • FIG. 3A is a cross sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 and taken along reference line IIIAIIIA thereof.
  • the continuous quenching apparatus 20 includes in this example an upper support 22 and a lower support 24. Spaced along the length of the lower support are a number of cross braces 26 with which are aligned a like number of supporting brackets 28 forming part of the upper support 22. A supporting disc 30 of annular configuration is secured to each of the cross braces 26 and in turn to the associated one of the upper brackets 28. Each of the supporting discs 30 supports a number of radially disposed and slidably mounted jet structures or carriages 32 which are described more fully below. In this arrangement of our invention a total of eight supporting discs 30 and associated jet carriages 32 are utilized, although a greater or lesser number can be employed depending upon the application of the invention.
  • the supporting discs 30 are spaced axially along and circumferentially surround an elongated pipe, bar or other shape 74 (FIGS. 3 and 3A) to be quenched.
  • a peripheral ring header 34 spacedly surrounds the outer edge of each of the discs 30.
  • Each of the ring headers 34 is likewise joined to the associated bracket 28 and cross brace 26 by a number of U-bolt clamps 36.
  • Each ring header 34 includes an inlet port 38 and a number of outlet fittings 40 to which are respectively joined a like number of flexible conduits 42.
  • the other end of each of the conduits 42 is connected to the fluid inlet 44 of the associated jet structure 32.
  • the use of the flexible conduits 42 facilitates the several movements of the jet carriages 32 for the purposes described below.
  • An axially extending supply header (not shown) can be coupled to each of the ring header inlet ports 38 by a number of connecting conduits of suitable length.
  • the supply header which can extend longitudinally of the quenching apparatus 20in turn can be supplied through one or more inlet conduits, which can be connected to a suitable source of quenching fluid (not shown) such as water.
  • each of the jet carriages 32 includes in this example a pair of slidably mounted components 52 and 54.
  • the component 52 comprises a jet block 56 on which is mounted a high-velocity, high-volume water jet 58 and a carriage wheel 60 or other anti-frictional means.
  • the wheel 60 which is rotatably mounted by means of pin 62 extends into cavity 64 in the jet block 56 for this purpose.
  • the jet 58 which includes a threaded fitting 66 and a spoon 68 secured thereto for directing the quenching fluid, is likewise mounted on the block 56.
  • the block 56 includes an internal passage 70 which connects the jet 58 to the block inlet fitting 44 and thence through the flexible conduit 42 to the ring header 34.
  • the jet block 56 is mounted upon a pair of slide rods 72 which together with the jet block 56 comprise the slidable carriage component 52.
  • the slide rods 72 in turn are slidably mounted on the second carriage component 54 but are biased toward a pipe 74 or other elongated shape passing through the quenching apparatus 20.
  • the biasing force is supplied by a pair of coil springs 76 which are mounted within the slide component 54 as best shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the biasing means 76 enable the jet structures 32 to maintain a constant spacing between their jets 58 and the adjacent surface portions of the elongated member 74, as the latter is moved relatively to the quenching apparatus 20.
  • Each slide component 54 is slidably mounted on an associated slideway defined on the supporting disc 30 by a pair of slide plates 78 secured to the supporting disc, as by welding.
  • the slide component 54 is adjustably secured in a selected position along the length of the slideway defined by the plates 78 by means of a drawbolt 80 and guide bolt 82.
  • the drawbolt 80 threadedly engages a supporting bracket 84 secured in this example to the slide plates 78, while movement of the guide bolt 82, when loosened, is delimited by slot 86 formed in the supporting disc 30 and disposed between the slide plates 78.
  • the drawbolt 80 is rotatably connected at 88 to the upper end of the slide component 54, as best shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the drawbolt 80 is rotated to position the slide component 54 of the jet carriage 52 such that wheel 60 of the jet block 56 engages the adjacent surface of the elongated shape 74 passing through the quenching apparatus.
  • the slide component 54 can be adjusted farther toward the elongated shape 74 so that coil springs 76 preload the wheel 60 against the surface of the elongated shape 74 to a predetermined degree.
  • the engagement of the wheel 60 with the shape 74 precisely determines the proper position of the associated jet 58 relative to the surface of the shape 74 and this precise position is maintained throughout the quenching operation by the biasing means 76.
  • the spoon 68 of the jet 58 is shaped such that the quenching fluid is delivered at a particular angle relative to the adjacent surface of the elongated article 74 passing through the quenching apparatus.
  • the inside surface 94 of the spoon 68 is relatively shallow (FIG. 3A) so that the high velocity water or other coolant from jet opening 96 is fanned out to a predetermined extent and thus joins similar coolant jets from adjacent spoons 68 to form a continuous and uniform water curtain extending about the adjacent periphery of the elongated product 74.
  • a number of the jet carriages 32 are closely spaced about the inner opening 100 of each of the supporting discs 30.
  • all of the jet carriages are adjusted so that their wheels 60 or other contact means engage the adjacent surfaces of the elongated shape.
  • uniform distances between the jet spoons 68 and the adjacent surfaces is assured irrespective of lateral deviations in travel, or in physical dimensions of the shape.
  • some of the jet carriages 32 can be withdrawn, in this example to their radially outward limits of adjustment, by means of their drawbolts 80. This position is denoted by jet carriage 32d of FIG. 3.
  • the remaining carriages 32e then have sufficient clearance to be moved to points adjacent their inward radial limits of adjustment, if desired, depending upon a specific diameter (or other lateral dimension) of the relatively smaller shape.
  • This arrangement affords a greater degree of adjustment than would otherwise attain, and also permits a larger number of jet carriages 32 to be used with larger cross sectional configurations.
  • a continuous and uniform water curtain can be formed about the elongated shape 74 irrespective of its diameter within the structural limits of the quenching apparatus.
  • withdrawal of the carriages in an alternating array is denoted in FIG. 3, it will be understood that some other appropriate order of withdrawal can be used such as two out of every three jet structures, every third jet structure, etc., depending upon a specific application of the invention or specific size or cross sectional configuration of the product.
  • the jet carriages 32 of each of the supporting discs 30 are arranged in a circumferential array about its central opening 100.
  • Each array of jet carriages 32 can be similarly adjusted.
  • the distances X between the individual jet spoons 68 and the adjacent surfaces of the pipe or other shape 74 will remain substantially constant for the several arrays of jet carriages 32, although it is contemplated that this distance can be varied from one array of jet carriage to the next.
  • the distances X shall remain constant to ensure a uniform water curtain about the pipe or other shape 74.
  • the distances X can be varied within a given array of the jet carriages 32 depending upon the quenching requirements of a specific application of the invention.
  • the aforementioned distance variations can be effected by changing the diameter of the associated carriage wheels 60 or by making other obvious structural changes.
  • the annular disposition of the jet spoons 68 can be varied as required.
  • the elongated member 74 is travelling in the direction denoted by arrow 98.
  • the jet structures mounted on the two entry discs 30a (FIG. 1) have their jet spoons 68, disposed at a relatively shallow angle relative to the surface of the product 74 as shown for example in FIG. 3A, to virtually eliminate the possibility of coolant back flow.
  • the volume and high velocity of the flow from the jet spoons 68 further militate against coolant back flow.
  • spoons 68 of the jet structures 32 on the intermediate supports 30b can be disposed at an intermediate angle of inclination, which is somewhat more efficient in eliminating steam film.”
  • spoons 68c (FIG. 1) of the jet structures 32 mounted on exit supporting discs 30c desirably are disposed substantially normal to the surface of the product 74. This angulation is most efficient in cutting through the steam film and otherwise tends to provide an increased temperature coefficient in an area where temperature differentials are considerably lower as compared to the entry end of the quenching apparatus 20.
  • the substantially normal disposition of the jet spoons 68c also minimizes entry of cooling water or other quenching fluid into the back end of pipes or casings, when conveyed through the quenching apparatus. It is contemplated of course that other angle dispositions of the spoons 68 can be utilized depending upon a specific application of the invention.
  • the jet structures or carriages 32 on any one of the supporting discs 30 can be angularly or circumferentially displaced relative to the jet structures on an adjacent disc to compensate for any peripheral variation in the water curtain issuing from the jet structures of a given one of the supporting discs.
  • every other array of jet carriages 32 are so displaced.
  • Quenching apparatus comprising a support circumferentially and spacedly disposed relative to an object to be quenched, a relatively closely spaced array of jet structures slidably mounted on said support, means for moving each of said jet structures to a selected position on said support relative to the object, and means for supplying a cooling fluid to each of said jet structures, each of said jet structures including anti-frictional means for contacting the object, said anti-frictional means being disposed on said jet structures so as to space said jet structures predetermined distances from the respectively adjacent surfaces of the object 2.
  • Quenching apparatus comprising a support circumferentially and spacedly disposed relative to an object to be quenched, a relatively closely spaced array of jet structures slidably mounted on said support, means for moving each of said jet structures to a selected position on said support relative to the object, and means for supplying a cooling fluid to each of said jet structures, each of said jet structures including a first slide component slidably mounted on a second slide component, means for slidably and adjustably mounting said second slide component on said support, and biasing means on one of said components for urging the said first slide component of said jet structure into contact with the object.
  • biasing means are coupled to each of said jet structures for urging said jet structures individually towards the object.
  • each of said jet structures includes a jet opening and a fluid directing spoon member disposed adjacent said jet opening, said spoon members being shaped so as to form a cooperatively continuous fluid curtain circumferentially surrounding the object.
  • each of said spoon members is disposed at a relatively small angle to the adjacent surface of the object to prevent back flow of cooling fluid therealong in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the object.
  • said supplying means include a ring header mounted adjacent said support and circumferentially surrounding the object, and a plurality of flexible conduits coupled individually to said header and to a corresponding one of said jet structures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
US875769A 1969-11-12 1969-11-12 Continuous quenching apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3650282A (en)

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US87576969A 1969-11-12 1969-11-12

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US (1) US3650282A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5028886B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT335498B (xx)
BE (1) BE758799A (xx)
CA (1) CA937750A (xx)
DE (1) DE2054777C3 (xx)
FI (1) FI49844C (xx)
FR (1) FR2069458A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1306610A (xx)
LU (1) LU62045A1 (xx)
SE (1) SE364313B (xx)
ZA (1) ZA707424B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3738629A (en) * 1971-03-04 1973-06-12 Dorn Co V Bar quench fixture
US3858860A (en) * 1972-03-02 1975-01-07 Armco Steel Corp Pipe quench head
US4575054A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-03-11 Kruppert Enterprises, Inc. Apparatus for quenching steel pipes
US4938257A (en) * 1986-11-21 1990-07-03 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Printed circuit cleaning apparatus
US5193446A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-03-16 Fmc Corporation Automatic spray ring for use in a juice finisher
US5284327A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-02-08 Aluminum Company Of America Extrusion quenching apparatus and related method
CN100422354C (zh) * 2007-06-28 2008-10-01 朱兴发 钢管中频热处理系统中的喷淬装置
WO2018040133A1 (zh) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 江苏曙光石油钻采设备有限公司 用于钻杆淬火的环管式喷水器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3817237C2 (de) * 1988-05-20 1997-02-27 Krenn Walter Verfahren und Druckkühlaggregat zum Abkühlen durchlaufenden heißen Produktionsguts aus Stahl und anderem, durch Führen des Wärmeentzugs über stufenlos regelbare Druckwasser-Stauränder
CN113789426B (zh) * 2021-08-16 2023-07-28 溧阳市中豪热处理有限公司 一种轴类零件的轴头端面的感应淬火装置及其使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1575526A (en) * 1926-03-02 Xabl bochbb
US1672061A (en) * 1927-04-13 1928-06-05 Morgan Construction Co Apparatus for cooling metal rods or bars
US2578804A (en) * 1946-04-30 1951-12-18 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Hydraulic-type log debarker having centripetally directed jets mounted in circumferential groups radially adjustable for different size logs
US2726897A (en) * 1952-03-26 1955-12-13 Harry B Dupont Fire fighting spray nozzle
US3015862A (en) * 1958-02-26 1962-01-09 Rustemeyer Hans Composite mold
US3399685A (en) * 1966-02-02 1968-09-03 Sperry Rand Corp Modular system for a continuous electrolytic deposition process for wire

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1575526A (en) * 1926-03-02 Xabl bochbb
US1672061A (en) * 1927-04-13 1928-06-05 Morgan Construction Co Apparatus for cooling metal rods or bars
US2578804A (en) * 1946-04-30 1951-12-18 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Hydraulic-type log debarker having centripetally directed jets mounted in circumferential groups radially adjustable for different size logs
US2726897A (en) * 1952-03-26 1955-12-13 Harry B Dupont Fire fighting spray nozzle
US3015862A (en) * 1958-02-26 1962-01-09 Rustemeyer Hans Composite mold
US3399685A (en) * 1966-02-02 1968-09-03 Sperry Rand Corp Modular system for a continuous electrolytic deposition process for wire

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3738629A (en) * 1971-03-04 1973-06-12 Dorn Co V Bar quench fixture
US3858860A (en) * 1972-03-02 1975-01-07 Armco Steel Corp Pipe quench head
US4575054A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-03-11 Kruppert Enterprises, Inc. Apparatus for quenching steel pipes
US4938257A (en) * 1986-11-21 1990-07-03 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Printed circuit cleaning apparatus
US5193446A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-03-16 Fmc Corporation Automatic spray ring for use in a juice finisher
US5386765A (en) * 1992-02-18 1995-02-07 Fmc Corporation Automatic spray ring for use in a juice finisher
US5284327A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-02-08 Aluminum Company Of America Extrusion quenching apparatus and related method
US5447583A (en) * 1992-04-29 1995-09-05 Aluminum Company Of America Extrusion quenching apparatus and related method
CN100422354C (zh) * 2007-06-28 2008-10-01 朱兴发 钢管中频热处理系统中的喷淬装置
WO2018040133A1 (zh) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 江苏曙光石油钻采设备有限公司 用于钻杆淬火的环管式喷水器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI49844B (xx) 1975-06-30
DE2054777B2 (de) 1973-02-22
AT335498B (de) 1977-03-10
ZA707424B (en) 1971-07-28
BE758799A (fr) 1971-05-12
ATA1016570A (de) 1976-07-15
CA937750A (en) 1973-12-04
GB1306610A (en) 1973-02-14
FI49844C (fi) 1975-10-10
DE2054777C3 (de) 1973-09-13
DE2054777A1 (de) 1971-07-22
FR2069458A5 (xx) 1971-09-03
SE364313B (xx) 1974-02-18
JPS5028886B1 (xx) 1975-09-19
LU62045A1 (xx) 1971-05-11

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