US3648984A - Method for emulsion dispersing and apparatus for the same - Google Patents

Method for emulsion dispersing and apparatus for the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3648984A
US3648984A US18994A US3648984DA US3648984A US 3648984 A US3648984 A US 3648984A US 18994 A US18994 A US 18994A US 3648984D A US3648984D A US 3648984DA US 3648984 A US3648984 A US 3648984A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
orifices
emulsion
mixture
orifice
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US18994A
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English (en)
Inventor
Norihisa Mimura
Hiroshi Chikamasa
Kotaro Aso
Takashi Sato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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Publication of US3648984A publication Critical patent/US3648984A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for emulsion dispersing one liquid into another liquid which is insoluble with the former, and to an apparatus for carrying out the above method.
  • the present invention relates particularly to a method and apparatus for emulsion dispersing an oil solution of a coupler into a gelatin liquid as in the production of photosensitive material where the production of a super-fine grain emulsion dispersed liquid is desired.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing an emulsion liquid of grain size much finer that as heretofore been produced by conventional processes.
  • a method and apparatus in which two liquids to be emulsion dispersed are mixed with each other with the proper emulsifying agent, pressurized by a pump and ejected through a series of small orifices consisting of at least three orifices in the series.
  • the spacing of the orifices arranged in series is made such that it takes between l/50,000 of a second to H100 of a second for the ejected liquid to reach the next orifice after ejection from a preceding orifice.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of an embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side elevational view of another embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention in which the pressure pump 3 is connected with orifices 4', 4 up to 4n arranged in series.
  • the invention requires that at least three orifices are connected to the outlet side of the pressure pump 3 in such a manner that the output of pressure pump 3 must pass sequen-v tially through each of the orifices.
  • the arrow marked 1 indicates the inlet of the dispersed mixture into the pressure pump 3.
  • the arrow marked'2 indicates the outlet of the emulsion dispersed liquid.
  • the spacing between adjacent orifices indicated by the letter L in FIG. 1 is so set that at a constant flow rate from pressure pump 3 the ejected liquid requires between l/50,000 to l/lOO seconds to travel from each orifice to the following orifice.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention in which vibrative auxiliary blades 5, 5" to 5n are incorporated just downstream of orifices 4', 4" to 4n, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 shows recycling pipe 6 for recycling the flow
  • the pressure at the outlet side of the pressure pump 3 is selected according to the desired diameter of emulsion grains. Generally it is selected so that the average pressure loss per orifice is in the range of 210 lbs. per sq. inch.
  • the pump 3 obviously, must be capable of an output pressure greater than 210 lbs. per sq. inch times the total number of orifices in the series.
  • the shape of the orifice cross section is not limited to a circle, but may be of any shape if the orificehas proper crosssectional area to provide the above pressure loss. Generally, a circular or oval shape of orifice is used, but most preferably, cross section of the orifice shouldbe like the section of the equiconvex lens.
  • the overall size of the apparatus depends-upon the volumerate of emulsion dispersed liquid desired, andthe total number of orifices used is. determined by the grain size of the emulsion liquid desired. Similarly, the number of times, if any, the emulsion dispersed liquid output at outlet 2 is recycled to the input I of pressure pump 3 depends upon the uniformity of grain size desired.
  • auxiliary blades 5', 5 etc. are incorporated downstream of orifices 4, 4" etc., as shown in FIG. 2, the operation of the apparas in emulsifying the liquid mixture is made even more efficient as the turbulence introduced by the blades aids the turbulence at the orifices in distorting and shearing larger into smaller grains.
  • the blades which are designed to intersect the central flow fromeach orifice are set into vibration by liquid ejected from the orifices and thereafter act as choppers as well as shearers for liquid subsequently being ejected from these orifices.
  • a photosensitive emulsion was made of oil, ester, a coupler, and other ingredients into a gelatin and surface activator solution;
  • the emulsion was mixed and pressurized by pump 3 to a pressure in excess of 750 lbs. per sq. inch and the emulsion was then passed through a series containing three orifices with'a pressure loss of approximately 240 lbs. per sq. inch at each orifice wherein the orifices were arranged such that the liquid ejected from the one orifice took l/l0,000 second to reach the next orifice.
  • the product of this apparatus was an emulsion containing grain sizes of less than 0.04 microns in average diameter and this average diameter was fairly uniform without the requirement of the recycling. It is further noted that the color film transparency made from this (photosensitive) emulsion was of very high quality.
  • a method for emulsion dispersing including the steps of mixing the solutions to be emulsion dispersed with-a proper emulsifying assistant, pressurizing this mixture, ejecting the pressurized mixture through a plurality of orifices arranged in an axially aligned, spaced series, mechanically emulsifying the effluent from each orifice before it reaches the following orifice and arranging the flow rate of the mixture and the spacing between said orifices to make the solution ejected from one orifice reach the next orifice in 1/50,000 to l seconds.
  • a method for emulsion dispersing as claimed inclaim 1 further comprising the step of re-pressurizing and re-ejecting the output of the last orifice in the series.
  • An apparatus for emulsion dispersing a mixture of liquids which includes a pump for mixingand pressurizing said mixture and arranged downstream of the output of said pump, a plurality of orifices arranged in a axially aligned, spaced series with the distance between each pair of orifices for a given flow rate of liquids within the apparatus being such that the ejected liquid mixture travels the distance between said orifices in l/50,000 to 1/100 of a second, and a vibratory blade for mechanically emulsifying said mixture I being positioned downstream of each nozzle and in axial alignmenttherewith.
  • An apparatus for emulsion dispersing as defined in claim 4 wherein means is provided to connect the output of the last orifice in said series of orifices to the intake of said pump whereby the emulsion dispersing process can be repeated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Color Printing (AREA)
US18994A 1969-03-17 1970-03-12 Method for emulsion dispersing and apparatus for the same Expired - Lifetime US3648984A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44020262A JPS5211221B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-03-17 1969-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3648984A true US3648984A (en) 1972-03-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18994A Expired - Lifetime US3648984A (en) 1969-03-17 1970-03-12 Method for emulsion dispersing and apparatus for the same

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3648984A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5211221B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2012686C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2035008B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1304264A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5852076A (en) * 1994-11-13 1998-12-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for preparing a dispersion of hard particles in solvent
US6051630A (en) * 1994-11-14 2000-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for preparing a dispersion of hard particles in solvent
US20100020632A1 (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus And Method for Mixing by Producing Shear, Turbulence and/or Cavitation
US20100179489A1 (en) * 2001-12-07 2010-07-15 Becton, Dickinson And Company Needleless luer access connector
US20110172137A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-14 Francesc Corominas Method Of Producing A Fabric Softening Composition
US20110268845A1 (en) * 2010-05-03 2011-11-03 Fantappie Giancarlo Apparatuses, Systems and Methods For Efficient Solubilization Of Carbon Dioxide In Water Using High Energy Impact
US9309103B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-04-12 Cgp Water Systems, Llc Water dispenser system
US9610551B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2017-04-04 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Flow compensator
US9878273B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2018-01-30 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Disposable filter cartridge for water dispenser
US11679368B2 (en) 2017-07-31 2023-06-20 Corning Incorporated Process-intensified flow reactor

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352573A (en) * 1980-01-29 1982-10-05 Gaulin Corporation Homogenizing method
WO1994013392A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1994-06-23 Ki N Proizv Ob Method and device for producing a free dispersion system
RU2296005C1 (ru) * 2005-08-19 2007-03-27 Михаил Эдуардович Гончаренко Устройство для обработки жидкости, расщепления углеводородов, "холодной" пастеризации, а также деструкции содержащихся в них твердых включений
JP6118544B2 (ja) * 2012-11-29 2017-04-19 Idec株式会社 微細気泡生成ノズルおよび微細気泡生成装置
CN208000272U (zh) * 2015-07-10 2018-10-23 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 流体的发射光谱设备

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE330151C (de) * 1916-12-18 1920-12-11 George Constantinesco Vorrichtung zum Speisen von Fluessigkeitsleitungen, in denen Druckwellen fortgeleitet werden
US3169013A (en) * 1963-01-14 1965-02-09 John P B Jones Sonic emulsifying and homogenization apparatus
US3526391A (en) * 1967-01-03 1970-09-01 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Homogenizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE330151C (de) * 1916-12-18 1920-12-11 George Constantinesco Vorrichtung zum Speisen von Fluessigkeitsleitungen, in denen Druckwellen fortgeleitet werden
US3169013A (en) * 1963-01-14 1965-02-09 John P B Jones Sonic emulsifying and homogenization apparatus
US3526391A (en) * 1967-01-03 1970-09-01 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Homogenizer

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5852076A (en) * 1994-11-13 1998-12-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for preparing a dispersion of hard particles in solvent
US6051630A (en) * 1994-11-14 2000-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for preparing a dispersion of hard particles in solvent
US20100179489A1 (en) * 2001-12-07 2010-07-15 Becton, Dickinson And Company Needleless luer access connector
US20100020632A1 (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus And Method for Mixing by Producing Shear, Turbulence and/or Cavitation
US20110172137A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-14 Francesc Corominas Method Of Producing A Fabric Softening Composition
US8759278B2 (en) 2010-01-13 2014-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of producing a fabric softening composition
US8567767B2 (en) * 2010-05-03 2013-10-29 Apiqe Inc Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact
US20110268845A1 (en) * 2010-05-03 2011-11-03 Fantappie Giancarlo Apparatuses, Systems and Methods For Efficient Solubilization Of Carbon Dioxide In Water Using High Energy Impact
US9309103B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-04-12 Cgp Water Systems, Llc Water dispenser system
US10150089B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2018-12-11 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact
US9610551B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2017-04-04 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Flow compensator
US9878273B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2018-01-30 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Disposable filter cartridge for water dispenser
US11679368B2 (en) 2017-07-31 2023-06-20 Corning Incorporated Process-intensified flow reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1304264A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-24
DE2012686B2 (de) 1978-10-12
DE2012686A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-24
DE2012686C3 (de) 1979-06-07
FR2035008B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-01-16
FR2035008A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-18
JPS5211221B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-03-29

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