US3645760A - Dry sausage casing - Google Patents

Dry sausage casing Download PDF

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US3645760A
US3645760A US7297A US3645760DA US3645760A US 3645760 A US3645760 A US 3645760A US 7297 A US7297 A US 7297A US 3645760D A US3645760D A US 3645760DA US 3645760 A US3645760 A US 3645760A
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Prior art keywords
paper
casing
protein
impregnated
coating
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US7297A
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Merril N O'brien
Albin F Turbak
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Continental Group Inc
Teepak Investments Inc
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Individual
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Assigned to BUFPAK CORPORATION A DE CORP. reassignment BUFPAK CORPORATION A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CONTINENTAL GROUP, INC., THE A NY CORP. OF NY
Assigned to CONTINENTAL GROUP, INC., A CORP. OF N.Y. reassignment CONTINENTAL GROUP, INC., A CORP. OF N.Y. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: TEEPAK INC.
Assigned to TEEPAK, INC., A DE CORP. reassignment TEEPAK, INC., A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 1983. Assignors: BUFPAK CORPORATION A DE CORP
Assigned to TEEPAK INVESTMENTS, INC. reassignment TEEPAK INVESTMENTS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: TEEPAK, INC.
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C13/00—Sausage casings
    • A22C13/0013—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C13/00—Sausage casings
    • A22C2013/0096—Sausage casings cellulosic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/047—Proteins, e.g. gelatine derivatives; Hydrolysis or extraction products of proteins
    • G03C2001/0471—Isoelectric point of gelatine

Definitions

  • the paper coated or impregnated with protein is cross linked by reaction with a nontoxic cross-linking agent (nontoxic in the resulting product).
  • the coated or impregnated paper is then formed into a tubular casing and impregnated with viscose or other suitable material which is hardened or regenerated in and upon the protein saturated or coated paper reinforcement.
  • the manufacture of dry sausage customarily involves mixing desired proportions of fat and lean means,'beef or pork, with selected spices, seasonings and curing materials to form an emulsion which is initially cured at a few degrees above freezing (36 to 38 F.), for two or three days depending upon the size of the meat particles so that they will be preserved sufficiently to be smoked and dried.
  • the chill cured meat emulsion is then firmly packed into casings of suitable size and shape, and the ends of the casing are tied ready for delivery to the drying room or Smokehouse,v
  • the smoked dry sausage is smoked and then dried, while unsmoked dry sausage is dried only.
  • the drying or curing time will vary with the particular type of sausage being processed and to some extent with the processing conditions. However, 60 to 90 days is usually considered a minimum time and periodsof 120 to 180 days or more are used under some circumstances.
  • dry sausage includes the entire range of dry and semidry sausages.
  • the semidry sausages include the thuringer cervelates which are dried for about days (other semidry sausages may be dried as short a time as 2 to 6 days). Dry sausage is usually sold in three different forms; first, new sausage or semidry sausage, about 10 to 25 days after smoking (having about percent shrinkage); second, medium dry sausage, about 30 to 60 days after smoking (having about 32 percent shrinkage); and dry sausage, about 60 to 90 days or more after smoking (having about 40 percent shrinkage).
  • U.S. Pat. No. 1,978,744 discloses a cellulosic casing having an internal coating of gelatin to improve adhesion toward dry sausages.
  • Bose] U.S. Pat. No. 2,802,745 discloses a casing formed of regenerated cellulose in which gelatin particles of a size less than 0.1 mm. were dispersed in the viscose from which the casing was formed so that the casing has gelatin particles dispersed throughout the wall thereof.
  • Firth U.S. Pat. No. 3,158,488 discloses the use of monoglycerides or acetylated monoglycerides, either along or in combination with gelatin, as internal coatings for casings to be used for the processing of dry sausages.
  • Rose et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,360,383 disclose the internal coating of a cellulosic casing with a mixture of a protein, such as gelatin, and liquid smoke. The protein is hardened by the liquid smoke during the drying process.
  • 3,367,786 discloses the coating of a cellulosic casing internally with a coating mixture of a soluble protein, such as gelatin, and piperazine as a hardening agent for the protein.
  • Shiner et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,378,379 discloses a fibrous cellulosic casing coated internally with a water soluble cationic thermosetting resin which is subsequently cured.
  • Rose U.S. Pat. No. 3,383,223 disclose the internal coating of a fibrous cellulosic casing with a mixture of a soluble protein and glutaraldehyde.
  • the prior art is generally subject to the objection that the various coating processes involve the use of an internal coating slug which is introduced into the casing after formation of the casing prior to drying.
  • This coating technique is expensive and uncertain in operation since the depletion of the slug or coating solutions often results in erratic nonuniform coating.
  • a solution of the coating material is introduced into the casing in the form of a liquid slug.
  • the opening in the casing is closed and the casing moves past the sluginto the casing dryer.
  • the internal surface of the casing is continuously coated and dried along with the casing in the dryer.
  • fibrous reinforced casing suitable for use in the preparation of dry sausages may be prepared by impregnating a fibrous reinforcing paper, preferably a long fiber hemp-saturating tissue, with an aqueous solution or dispersion of a water-soluble or waterdispersible swollen protein.
  • the protein used- may be any of the soluble or dispersible proteins having molecular weights above 10,000 and an isoelectric point in the range from about pH 2 to pH 6.
  • These soluble proteins include (but are not limited to) the albumins, globulins, glutenins, prolamines, prolines, hydroxy prolines, histones, elastins, and protamines.
  • Typical examples are egg albumin, edestin, glutenin, procollagen, gelatin, gliadin, etc.
  • the solution is impregnated in or coated upon the saturating tissue.
  • the more soluble proteins solution is dispersed relatively uniformly through the saturating tissue, although there tends to be a higher concentration on the surface at which the coating solution is applied.
  • the coating forms primarily on the surface of the saturating tissue.
  • the coated or impregnated saturating tissue is hardened or cross linked with a suitable cross-linking agent which is nontoxic under conditions of ultimate use.
  • the cross-linking agent used must either be nontoxic per se or must be chemically combined in a form which is totally nontoxic in the finished product.
  • Suitable cross-linking agents include formaldehyde (used at very low levels), glutaraldehyde, liquid smoke, etc.
  • the hardening or cross-linking agent is preferably added in admixture with the solution or dispersion or the protein under conditions of temperature insufficient to effect the cross linking. During the drying operation the coating is heated to a high enough temperature to effect the desired hardening of cross linking.
  • the coated or impregnated paper is used in the formation of a fibrous casing by forming a continuous elongated tube and saturating the tube externally with a solution of the desired casing forming material, which is subsequently hardening or regenerated.
  • the tubular casing would be impregnated with viscose which would be subsequently coagulated and regenerated to form a regenerated cellulose paperreinforced casing.
  • the tubular casing paper could be impregnated with collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, amylose, alginates, dextran, etc., to form a suitable reinforced casing.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail cross section of a portion of uncoated fibrous casing showing the relative position of the supporting fibrous paper and the regenerated cellulose thereon.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a portion of fibrous casing as shown in FIG. 2 but provided with a hardened protein coating as taught be the prior art.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the impregnation or coating of fibrous paper with a protein solution or dispersion in accordance with a preliminary step in this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view in cross section of the wall of a fibrous casing having protein hardened and incorporated therein in accordance with this invention.
  • a ribbon of paper 11 which is formed of natural cellulosic fibers, and which is preferably a long fiber, hemp paper weighting 10-20 pounds per ream, passes from roll 12 over rollers 13 and 14 and around guides 15 and 16 which form the paper into tubular form.
  • mandrel 17 which may be a steel pipe having an outside diameter of two to seven inches, more or less, depending upon the size of the tube or casing which is to be produced.
  • the mandrel 17 may be of a suitable length, conveniently 7 about 30 feet long, and, as shown, can be suspended from a suitable support such as 'an I- beam 18 or the like.
  • the paper ribbon 11, now shaped in the form of a tube passes downwardly over the mandrel 17, through a forming ring 19 which is a metallic ring having an in: side diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the paper tube passing through it.
  • the forming ring 19 functions to maintain the paper in the form of a tube until it reaches the coating die 21.
  • Coating die 21 is a hollow annular structure of metal or the like and contains an annular opening 22, circumferentially of its inner face, through which viscose is applied to the outer surface of the downwardly paper tube. Viscose is supplied under positive pressure from the chamber of die 21 through the annular slit 22 to thoroughly impregnate and coat the paper tube which is moving downwardly through the die.
  • the sleeve 33 formed of metal or the like, which is shrunk onto the mandrel 17, functions to effect more uniform application or viscose through the orifice 22 as the paper tube 11 passes downwardly thereover.
  • a number of slip rings 220 are positioned on mandrel 17- at preselected intervals.
  • the slip rings 22a are preferably shrunk onto the mandrel at about 3- foot intervals and function to keep the inside wall of the viscose-impregnated, paper tube from scraping against the outside wall of mandrel 17 as the tube moves downwardly.
  • the viscose-impregnated, paper tube 11 enters coagulating bath 23 contained in vessel 24.
  • Coagulating bath 23 contains about 5 percent sulfuric acid and various salts.
  • the viscose impregnated in and coated upon paper tube 11 is coagulated and regenerated.
  • the conversion of viscose to regenerated cellulose begins and continues within the bath as the tube moves around roller 25 and continues as the tube moves over and under wiper rods 26 and 27, rollers 28, and then through washing baths and drying tunnels not shown here, but being substantially the same as those used in the art of making regenerated cellulose casings, as exemplified in US. Pat. No. 1,937,225 and related patents.
  • the steps of washing, drying and reeling and storage of the produce casing are shown diagrammatically without reference to any particular apparatus for accomplishing those steps.
  • acid for the bath 23 is supplied through pipe 29.
  • the same kind and concentration of acid is supplied to the interior of the casing through the mandrel 17 through a pipe 31.
  • Spent acid from within the casing is withdrawn through pipe 32 at a rate which is balanced by the incoming acid, as shown.
  • the speed of the casing in its downward movement is approximately 2050 feet per minute, more or less, and the contact time in the acid bath 23 is of the order of 10-40 seconds.
  • the fibrous casing which is produced in this process is a tough, strong casing useful in the preparation of large sausages such as bolognas and the like.
  • the same general process and apparatus is used in the production of other types of fibrous casing.
  • other soluble impregnating materials such as alginates, dextran derivatives, amylose, polyvinyl alcohol, collagen, etc., may be substituted for viscose to produce a fibrous casing made from the hardened or regenerated material derived from the coating or impregnating solution.
  • FIG. 2 A cross section of a portion of the wall of a cellulosic fibrous casing is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the reinforcing paper is thoroughly saturated and coated with viscose during the process of manufacture and cellulose is regenerated therefrom.
  • the cross section shown in FIG. 2 shows the reinforcing paper and regenerated cellulose impregnated therein and the regenerated cellulose coating as distinct layers. This structure of the fibrous casing is clearly shown when the casing is sectioned and stained and observed under a microscope.
  • a fibrous casing prepared as described above is coated internally with a proteinaceous or other adherent coating which is hardened thereon as a distinct layer provided an adhesive bond between the casing and the dry sausage processed therein.
  • the cross section of a prior art fibrous day sausage casing is shown in FIG. 3. In this cross section it is seen that the paper and impregnated regenerated cellulose and cellulose coating appear as distinct layers, as shown in FIG. 2, while the adherent hardened protein coating appears as a distinct layer on the paper portion of the casing.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a diagrammatic view of the process of coating fibrous paper in preparation for the formation of dry sausage casing in accordance with this invention.
  • a roll of fibrous paper preferably a long fiber hemp-saturating paper
  • rollers 52 and 53 are positioned in a coating tank 54 containing a solution 55 of protein such as gelatin or the like.
  • the coating bath 55 may be a dispersion of a water dispersible (but insoluble) protein such as a dilute slurry of collagen.
  • the coated or impregnated web of paper which leaves the rolls 52 and 53 passes through dryer 56 where the coating solution is thotoughly dried.
  • the coating solution in tank 54 includes a chemical hardening or crosslinking agent which is relatively inactive at room temperature but which is reacted with the protein when heated to a higher temperature in the dryer to harden the protein coating.
  • the dried coated or impregnated paper web is then rewound on windup roll 57.
  • the coated or impregnated paper from roll 57 is passed through the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 to form the paper into a continuous tubular fibrous casing and impregnate or coat the paper with viscose (or other casing forming solution), the impregnated paper being passed through a coagulating and regenerating bath as described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 A cross section of a portion of the wall of the casing thus prepared is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the casing wall comprises a regenerated cellulose layer 58 secured on an integral with a layer 59 comprising paper admixed with hardened protein and regenerated cellulose.
  • This casing differs from that shown in FIG. 3 in that the hardened protein is not present as a distinct layer on the inner surface of the casing but rather is dispersed throughout the paper and the regenerated cellulose is admixed therewith.
  • the amount of protein added to the paper in the treating step shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 is in the range from about 0.1 to 6.0 percent based on the dry weight of the paper.
  • the resulting product is ineffective as a dry sausage casing, i.e., it does not adhere to and follow the surface of the meat during processing.
  • the paper is blinded and nonporous to the extent that the viscose will not penetrate adequately to form a properly reinforced casing.
  • the cellulose is coated on the outside of the paper rather than impregnated throughout the paper and is not given the added strength and resistance against stretch which is produced in a typical fibrous casing where the viscose thoroughly impregnates the reinforcing paper.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A gelatin-coating solution was prepared by dissolving 2 pounds gelatin in 50 pounds water and heating to F. with stirring. To this mixture there was added 11 pounds glycerin with 30 minutes additional stirring. The solution was diluted with 16.5 pounds additional water and cc. ofa 25 percent aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde added. The solution was further diluted to 1 percent gelatin content and then cooled in preparation for coating fibrous casing paper.
  • a l4-pound hemp fiber-saturating tissue was coated with the gelatin coating solution at 80 ft./min. using the apparatus described in FIG. 43 above.
  • the paper picked up about 200 percent wt. of the solution which represented a 2 percent gelatin content on the finished dried paper.
  • gelatin impregnated paper was slit to size and used in the preparation of fibrous casing.
  • the gelatin-impregnated paper was passed through the casing manufacturing operation as shown in FIG. 1 and as described above.
  • the casing produced is substantially as shown in FIG. 5 cross section.
  • Portions of the casing prepared in accordance with this example were used in the preparation and processing of a variety of dry and semidry sausages including hard salami, Genoa salami, and summer sausage.
  • the casings were prepared with untreated controls and control casings having gelatin coatings inside prepared by a liquid slug-coating technique as used in the prior art.
  • the untreated control casings separated from the sausage during processing.
  • the casings produced in accordance with this example and the casings provided with an internal gelatin coating as taught by the prior art adhered adequatelyto the dry sausage compositions throughout their processing.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A gelatin-coating composition was prepared as described in Example 1 and diluted 50 percent with additional water. A 14- pound hemp paper was impregnated with the solution and dried as described in Example 1. The paper had a gelatin content of 1 percent wt.
  • the gelatin impregnated paper was formed into fibrous casing as described in Example 1 and the casing used in the preparation of a variety of dry and semidry sausages.
  • the casing performed well and adhered to dry sausage and semidry sausage throughout the processing thereof. There was no substantial loss of gelatin from the casing during the presoak operation prior to stuffing with the sausage paste or emulsion.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A coating solution was prepared as described in Example 1 and diluted to 0.05 percent gelatin content. When this solution is used to coat hemp-saturating tissue as described in Example 1 there is a 0.1 percent addon of gelatin in the finished paper.
  • gelatin-treated paper is used in the formation of fibrous casing which is subsequently used in the preparation of a variety of dry and semidry sausages.
  • the casing adheres well to dry and semidry sausages during all phases of the processing thereof.
  • this level of gelatin addon there are a few cases of casing separation from the sausage. It would appear therefore that a 0.1 percent gelatin addon represents about the minimum gelatin content for a dry sausage casing.
  • EXAMPLE 4 A casing treating solution was prepared as described in Example l and diluted to a 2 percent gelatin content.
  • a long fiber hemp-saturating tissue was coated with this gelatin solution as described in Example 1 with a percent solution pickup.
  • the paper was dried and found to have a 3.6 percent gelatin addon.
  • the gelatin impregnated paper was used in the preparation of fibrous casing as described in Example 1 and the casing used in the preparation of a variety of dry and semidry sausages.
  • the casing adhered to the sausages with greater uniformity than casing coated internally with gelatin in accordance with prior art techniques. There was no substantial loss of gelatin from the casing during the presoak operation prior to stuffing with sausage paste or emulsion.
  • EXAMPLE A gelatin-coating solution was prepared as described in Example l and sufficient gelatin added to produce a 4 percent wt. concentration of gelatin.
  • the coating solution is used to coat a long fiber hemp-saturating tissue as described in Example 1. There is about a 200 percent liquid pickup. This produces a gelatin addon of about 8 percent wt. on the paper.
  • EXAMPLE 6 A gelatin-treating solution is prepared as described in Example 4 containing 2 percent gelatin and substituting about 0.2 percent formaldehyde, based on the weight of gelatin used, for glutaraldehyde as the hardening or cross-linking agent for the gelatin. Solution is used in impregnation of a long fiber hemp-saturated tissue with about 18 percent liquid pickup. The treated casing, after drying, has about a 3.6 percent wt. gelatin addon.
  • EXAMPLE 7 The process of coating fibrous paper was repeated as described in Example 6 with 1.0 percent wt. liquid smoke (Char-Sol), based on the weight of gelatin, substituted for formaldehyde as the hardening or cross-linking agent.
  • the coating solution was used to coat a long fiber hemp-saturating tissue to a 3.6 percent wt. gelatin addon.
  • the coated paper is used to manufacture a fibrous casing which is in turn used in the processing of dry and semidry sausage casing with satisfactory results, equivalent to those obtained in Examples 4 and 6.
  • a collagen-coated solution (or slurry) is prepared by diluting a 4.2 percent collagen slurry, produced in accordance with Talty et al. US. Pat. No. 3,408,918, to a. content of 0.40 percent collagen.
  • a long fiber hemp saturating tissue was passed through the coater, as shown in FIG. 4, to coat the collagen slurry onto the paper.
  • the collagen slurry included about 0.05 percent wt. glutaraldehyde based on the weight of collagen.
  • the hemp-saturating tissue was coated on one side rather than being thoroughly impregnated as in the case of a gelatin solution.
  • the collagen slurry is coated on the paper and only partially impregnated into the porous structure of the paper. There is approximately 200 percent takeup of the slurry with the result that the paper has a collagen addon of about 0.8 percent wt.
  • the collagen-coated paper after drying, was used in the preparation of fibrous casing in accordance with the process described in connection with the apparatus shown schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the collagen coating be turned to the inside of the tube and the viscose added to the untreated side of the paper.
  • the casing prepared in this manner having a 0.8 percent wt. addon of collagen, based on the paper weight, was used in the processing of a variety of dry and semidry sausages and gave excellent results as compared to prior art internally coated fibrous casing used commercially for the preparation of dry and semidry sausages.
  • EXAMPLE 10 The process described in Example 4 is repeated with wheat gluten being substituted for gelatin as the protein coating or impregnant for fibrous casing paper.
  • a coating solution is prepared containing 2 percent wheat gluten in place of the 2 percent gelatin solution used in Example 4.
  • the fibrous casing paper is coated with the solution and dried (the gluten being hardened or cross linked by reaction with a glutaraldehyde) the paper is found to have a 3.6 percent wt. addon of gluten.
  • the gluten-impregnated casing paper is used in the preparation of fibrous casing using the process as described in Example 14.
  • the casing is used in the preparation and processing of dry sausages and semidry sausages with satisfactory results.
  • the casing adheres to and follows or shrinks with the sausage during processing.
  • a method of preparing tubular artificial casings for the processing of dry sausages which comprises,

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CA (1) CA927190A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2100210A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2075215A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (14)

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US4142013A (en) * 1974-10-07 1979-02-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Shaped article of cellulose hydrate with a coating of plastic material of chemically modified protein and process for the production thereof
EP0006601A1 (de) * 1978-07-03 1980-01-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung faserverstärkter Schlauchhüllen auf Basis von Cellulosehydrat sowie Vorrichtung zur Verfahrensdurchführung
DE3018861A1 (de) * 1979-05-16 1980-11-20 Towa Kako Co Faserhuelle zur aufnahme von verarbeitetem fleisch und verfahren zur herstellung der faserhuelle
US4397337A (en) * 1981-03-07 1983-08-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Tubular casing suitable for foodstuffs and process for its manufacture
US5456941A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-10-10 Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd Process for preparing biodegradable water-resistant film and method for rendering biodegradable article water-resistant
US5736180A (en) * 1993-12-21 1998-04-07 Peiffer; Bernd Spice impregnated edible wrapping foil
US5736179A (en) * 1991-08-21 1998-04-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Tubular foodstuff casing having a chitosan coating
EP0914772A3 (en) * 1997-11-12 1999-06-16 Viskase Corporation Cellulase resistant cellulose paper, film or casing, process and composition
WO2000016959A1 (de) * 1998-09-24 2000-03-30 Kalle Nalo Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines folienschlauches auf cellulosebasis, den eine einlage verstärkt
US6196960B1 (en) 1998-06-26 2001-03-06 Cryovac, Inc. Method for imparting a food additive and package for same
US6395356B1 (en) * 1997-05-14 2002-05-28 Teepak Properties, Llc Food casings having modified release properties and methods of manufacture
US6514553B1 (en) * 1989-12-22 2003-02-04 Oy Visco Ab Tubing used for encasing food products and a method for manufacturing the tubing
US20080220128A1 (en) * 2005-07-09 2008-09-11 Klaus-Dieter Hammer Food Casing Based on Cellulose Hydrate with a Coating Containing Collagen Fibrils and Gelatin
US20110262603A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-10-27 National Beef Packing Company, Llc Antimicrobial packaging system

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FR2628299B1 (fr) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-07 Luissier Bordeau Chesnel Procede de finition de produits alimentaires et produits alimentaires obtenus par la mise en oeuvre du procede

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US2394009A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-02-05 American Cyanamid Co Treatment of cellulosic materials
US3135613A (en) * 1959-08-17 1964-06-02 Union Carbide Corp Impregnated paper web and method of making sausage casings therefrom
US3367786A (en) * 1964-09-16 1968-02-06 Tee Pak Inc Casing for dry sausages
US3383223A (en) * 1964-09-16 1968-05-14 Tee Pak Inc Casing for dry sausages
US3427168A (en) * 1965-12-29 1969-02-11 Tee Pak Inc Method of producing tubular sausage casings

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US2394009A (en) * 1943-04-30 1946-02-05 American Cyanamid Co Treatment of cellulosic materials
US3135613A (en) * 1959-08-17 1964-06-02 Union Carbide Corp Impregnated paper web and method of making sausage casings therefrom
US3367786A (en) * 1964-09-16 1968-02-06 Tee Pak Inc Casing for dry sausages
US3383223A (en) * 1964-09-16 1968-05-14 Tee Pak Inc Casing for dry sausages
US3427168A (en) * 1965-12-29 1969-02-11 Tee Pak Inc Method of producing tubular sausage casings

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4142013A (en) * 1974-10-07 1979-02-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Shaped article of cellulose hydrate with a coating of plastic material of chemically modified protein and process for the production thereof
EP0006601A1 (de) * 1978-07-03 1980-01-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung faserverstärkter Schlauchhüllen auf Basis von Cellulosehydrat sowie Vorrichtung zur Verfahrensdurchführung
US4317794A (en) * 1978-07-03 1982-03-02 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the continuous manufacture of fiber-reinforced cellulose hydrate tubing and equipment for carrying out the processes
DE3018861A1 (de) * 1979-05-16 1980-11-20 Towa Kako Co Faserhuelle zur aufnahme von verarbeitetem fleisch und verfahren zur herstellung der faserhuelle
US4397337A (en) * 1981-03-07 1983-08-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Tubular casing suitable for foodstuffs and process for its manufacture
US6514553B1 (en) * 1989-12-22 2003-02-04 Oy Visco Ab Tubing used for encasing food products and a method for manufacturing the tubing
US5736179A (en) * 1991-08-21 1998-04-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Tubular foodstuff casing having a chitosan coating
US5585060A (en) * 1993-02-10 1996-12-17 Showa Sangyo Co. Ltd. Process for preparing biodegradable water-resistant film
US5456941A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-10-10 Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd Process for preparing biodegradable water-resistant film and method for rendering biodegradable article water-resistant
US5736180A (en) * 1993-12-21 1998-04-07 Peiffer; Bernd Spice impregnated edible wrapping foil
US6395356B1 (en) * 1997-05-14 2002-05-28 Teepak Properties, Llc Food casings having modified release properties and methods of manufacture
EP0914772A3 (en) * 1997-11-12 1999-06-16 Viskase Corporation Cellulase resistant cellulose paper, film or casing, process and composition
US6083581A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-07-04 Viskase Corporation Cellulase resistant cellulose casing and process
US6196960B1 (en) 1998-06-26 2001-03-06 Cryovac, Inc. Method for imparting a food additive and package for same
WO2000016959A1 (de) * 1998-09-24 2000-03-30 Kalle Nalo Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines folienschlauches auf cellulosebasis, den eine einlage verstärkt
US6797100B1 (en) 1998-09-24 2004-09-28 Kalle Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a tube made of film on a cellulose basis which an insert reinforces
US20080220128A1 (en) * 2005-07-09 2008-09-11 Klaus-Dieter Hammer Food Casing Based on Cellulose Hydrate with a Coating Containing Collagen Fibrils and Gelatin
US20110262603A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-10-27 National Beef Packing Company, Llc Antimicrobial packaging system
US9266633B2 (en) * 2009-09-18 2016-02-23 National Beef Packing Company, Llc Antimicrobial packaging system
US9296504B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2016-03-29 National Beef Packing Company, Llc Antimicrobial packaging system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2100210A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-15
NL7100007A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07
FR2075215A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-08
CA927190A (en) 1973-05-29
GB1287997A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-06
SE371084B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-11

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