US3642052A - Process of continuous casting of steel - Google Patents
Process of continuous casting of steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3642052A US3642052A US22067A US3642052DA US3642052A US 3642052 A US3642052 A US 3642052A US 22067 A US22067 A US 22067A US 3642052D A US3642052D A US 3642052DA US 3642052 A US3642052 A US 3642052A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- casting
- melting
- slag
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and process for applying and feeding casting powder into a mold cavity during continuous casting of steel, particularly after a particular filling state and level of molten steel has been established in the pouring cavity of the mold.
- Continuous casting of steel is carried out today almost exclusively under utilization of a casting powder for establishing a slag layer between the skin of the casting ingot and the wall of the mold.
- These powders are characterized by relatively low melting points, particularly below the melting point of the steel used for casting.
- Casting powders are known which form a more or less thin slag, others form a more viscous slag.
- These different kinds of casting powders are used in dependence upon the quality of the steel, whereby the same powder is used throughout the entire casting process, from beginning to end. It is, furthermore, well known to charge the mold initially, i.e., at the beginning of the casting process, with molten material of the same consistency as it is to be used as powder subsequently during the casting process.
- Casting powder having a relatively high melting point requires a period of at least several minutes for melting, after having been deposited in the mold. Even the melting of casting powder having relatively low melting point still takes too long during the starting phase, particularly as the powder is required to sustain slag formation subsequently, under regular, relative long'term manufacturing conditions for producing casting ingots of satisfactory quality. It has been found that during the period required for melting of either type of casting powder cracks may fonn in the skin particularly of rectangular slab ingots having width in excess of 800 millimeters. Even the known advance melting of a casting powder having relatively low melting point is met with considerable difficulties during operation and production.
- melts of a quantity of powder in advance is rather time consuming and was found difficult to accomplish because as the material melts the part that is already molten forms a layer which constitutes a kind of heat shield, screening to some extent the remaining, still powderous portion from further influx of heat, thus, retarding melting thereof. After a rather long period of time all of the powder may finally be molten, but the melt may react with the fireproof material of the melting ladle in such a manner that the desired consistency of the slag cannot be maintained any longer.
- the task of the present invention to solve the problems arising from the aforementioned dimculties and to suggest a method and process having as its ultimate purpose the production of a crack-free casting string or ingot.
- at least two different casting powders are employed during the casting process. These casting powders differ as to their rate of melting and as to their behavior during the melting process generally.
- the powders are fed sequentially to the level of the melt in the mold or pouring cavity, in that first a casting powder is applied which liquefies rather quickly, while a different, high melting powder is applied subsequently, beginning preferably by the time at least half of the previously applied, first powder has already been used up.
- the second powder is then used throughout continued casting, subject only to a particular terminating phase of the process.
- the second powder differs from the first one, for example, by a higher melting point or greater heat of fusion or both; the relatively quick liquefying casting powder to be used first is, therefore, characterized by a relatively low melting temperature and/or a relatively low heat of fusion as measure of thermal energy required for melting the material.
- the powder to be used first should be selected so as to obtain sufficient amounts of slag right at the beginning of casting and as fast as possible, even though this particular powder may melt too fast, thereby developing slag at too high a rate, if also used after the transitional period of the starting phase throughout the main phase of casting.
- selection of the second powder can be optimized as to sing production during that main phase irrespective of poor performance of such a powder ifit were also used in the transitional starting phase.
- the resulting effect of producing fut luflicient amounts of slag as obtained by using a quick liquefying casting powder first can be enhanced by including additives in the powder having exothermic characteristics, such as aluminum, silicon, alkali metal or oxygen carrier such as iron oxide or the like. These additives quicken the liquefaction of the powder in the starting phase.
- fast liquefying powder Upon contact with the liquid steel the aforedescribed, fast liquefying powder is heated speedily above its melting point of about 800 Centigrade.
- a film of liquid slag is formed between the outer surface of the skin of the casting string or slab ingot and the wall of the mold cavity. Moreover, that slag flows directly over the surface of that skin which has just been established.
- this first powder liquefies and flows ofl as slag it is stepwise or continuously replaced by a casting powder of, for example, a higher melting temperature.
- the melting point of the casting powder to be used now, and to be used continuously thereafter until termination of casting, is about l,l50 Centigrade. It is of advantage to begin already replenishing of the powder content by adding the second, higher melting casting powder when only about half of the initial first casting powder has molten. One can recognize this state and condition in the mold by a change in color of the surface of the powder therein. It was found to be of additional advantage to establish a transition phase in that after the initial charge with fast liquefying powder, a mixture of the two types of powder is used before using the second high melting powder exclusively.
- the first, relatively fast liquefying powder consists of (all percentages by weight):
- the second higher, i.e., slower melting powder may consist of:
- the second powder is added during the continuous casting process at a rate of 0.6 kilograms per metric ton of steel.
- a powder that is burnable and/or remains powderous, for example sawdust and to be used in lieu of the high melting, liquefying casting powder.
- This change facilitates termination of the casting process as well as solidification of the end portion of the string by means of water.
- high melting casting powder up to termination of the casting process. not all of the added casting powder may have been used up exactly by the time casting is actually tenninated so that a slag layer remains on the head of the string.
- the slag solidifies and prevents further heat transfer from the end of the string.
- its end may actually melt again when passing through and along the withdrawal rolls, and liquid steel may seep out of the string. Consequently. the string has to be stopped but this, in turn, results in strong local cooling, possibly producing cracks.
- the cooling water will flush the powder away, and now the string remains uncovered by slag and is directly exposed to the coolant. Hence. the string end will cool and properly solidify.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19691915303 DE1915303C2 (de) | 1969-03-21 | 1969-03-21 | Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Giesspulver beim Stranggiessen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3642052A true US3642052A (en) | 1972-02-15 |
Family
ID=5729311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US22067A Expired - Lifetime US3642052A (en) | 1969-03-21 | 1970-03-23 | Process of continuous casting of steel |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3642052A (fr) |
AT (1) | AT294338B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE1915303C2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2035141B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1304705A (fr) |
SE (1) | SE357313B (fr) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3704744A (en) * | 1971-10-22 | 1972-12-05 | Inland Steel Co | Slag use in continuous casting of steel |
US3891023A (en) * | 1972-10-31 | 1975-06-24 | United States Steel Corp | Controlled flux addition for minimizing surface defects on continuously cast steel |
US3899324A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1975-08-12 | Scm Corp | Flux for continuous casting of steel |
US3926246A (en) * | 1972-09-18 | 1975-12-16 | Scm Corp | Flux for continuous casting of steel |
US3935895A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-02-03 | Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous steel casting method |
US3949803A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1976-04-13 | Foseco International Limited | Method of casting molten metal using mold additives |
US5299627A (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1994-04-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Continuous casting method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3052936A (en) * | 1956-10-01 | 1962-09-11 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of continuously casting metals |
US3318363A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-05-09 | Oglebay Norton Co | Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket |
US3411566A (en) * | 1967-02-20 | 1968-11-19 | Astrov Evgeny Ivanovitch | Device for supplying powdered material into a mold of a continuous casting machine |
US3519059A (en) * | 1967-07-12 | 1970-07-07 | Viktor Grigorievich Voskoboini | Method of vacuum slag refining of metal in the course of continuous casting |
-
1969
- 1969-03-21 DE DE19691915303 patent/DE1915303C2/de not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-01-12 AT AT24070A patent/AT294338B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-03-13 FR FR7009104A patent/FR2035141B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-03-17 SE SE03579/70A patent/SE357313B/xx unknown
- 1970-03-20 GB GB1346170A patent/GB1304705A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-23 US US22067A patent/US3642052A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3052936A (en) * | 1956-10-01 | 1962-09-11 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of continuously casting metals |
US3318363A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-05-09 | Oglebay Norton Co | Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket |
US3411566A (en) * | 1967-02-20 | 1968-11-19 | Astrov Evgeny Ivanovitch | Device for supplying powdered material into a mold of a continuous casting machine |
US3519059A (en) * | 1967-07-12 | 1970-07-07 | Viktor Grigorievich Voskoboini | Method of vacuum slag refining of metal in the course of continuous casting |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3704744A (en) * | 1971-10-22 | 1972-12-05 | Inland Steel Co | Slag use in continuous casting of steel |
US3949803A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1976-04-13 | Foseco International Limited | Method of casting molten metal using mold additives |
US3926246A (en) * | 1972-09-18 | 1975-12-16 | Scm Corp | Flux for continuous casting of steel |
US3891023A (en) * | 1972-10-31 | 1975-06-24 | United States Steel Corp | Controlled flux addition for minimizing surface defects on continuously cast steel |
US3899324A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1975-08-12 | Scm Corp | Flux for continuous casting of steel |
US3935895A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-02-03 | Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous steel casting method |
US5299627A (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1994-04-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Continuous casting method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1915303C2 (de) | 1971-04-29 |
AT294338B (de) | 1971-11-25 |
FR2035141B1 (fr) | 1974-02-01 |
SE357313B (fr) | 1973-06-25 |
FR2035141A1 (fr) | 1970-12-18 |
GB1304705A (fr) | 1973-01-31 |
DE1915303B1 (de) | 1970-10-01 |
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