US3640466A - Fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3640466A
US3640466A US869035A US3640466DA US3640466A US 3640466 A US3640466 A US 3640466A US 869035 A US869035 A US 869035A US 3640466D A US3640466D A US 3640466DA US 3640466 A US3640466 A US 3640466A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
chamber
valve
pressure
fuel chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US869035A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anton Steiger
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine.
  • the invention provides a fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine which is controlled by the use of a low'pressure pressure medium.
  • the system includes an injection valve having a front fuel chamber in a housing adjacent a valve seat, a needle valve for seating on the valve seat and a fuel duct extending along the needle valve in communication with the front fuel chamber and a fuel storage chamber.
  • the system further includes a rear fuel chamber formed in the housing at the end of the needle remote from the valve seat. This rear fuel chamber is connected to the duct via a throttle bore, and a hydraulically operated control valve is provided in the region of the valve and is adapted to be operated by a control pressure which is much less than the fuel injection pressure. When the control valve is operated, the rear fuel chamber becomes connected to a chamber at a lower pressure than the fuel pressure.
  • control valve is provided with a piston which is guided in a cylinder bore so as to be substantially sealtight and divides the bore into a front cylinder chamber and a rear cylinder chamber.
  • the front cylinder chamber is adapted to be connected to the control pressure source, while the rear cylinder chamber is permanently connected to a line at a lower pressure than the control pressure.
  • the line to which the rear cylinder chamber is connected contains a pressure-maintaining valve which maintains a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure in the rear cylinder chamber. This suppresses or obviates any cavitation in the valve and in the injection system.
  • a known control valve preferably a rotary valve, may be provided to deliver the control pressure. Such a valve connects a control line leading to the valve to a pump delivering the pressure medium at the control pressure.
  • FIGURE schematically illustrates a fuel injection system according to the invention.
  • a fuel injection valve 1 of an internal combustion engine which operates on the diesel principle includes a housing part 2 containing a valve needle 3 which is guided in a bore so as to be sealing-tight.
  • the end of the valve needle 3 has a conical seat part cooperating with a valve seat 4 which serves to close the access to a plurality of jet bores 5 in the part 2 as required.
  • a front fuel chamber 6 is located above the valve seat 4 and is connected via a duct 7 to a storage chamber 8 for fuel.
  • the storage chamber 8 is connected by a fuel pipe 10 to a fuel pump 11 which delivers the fuel from a tank 12 at a pressure of the required value for injection, e.g., of the order of L000 atmospheres.
  • a rear fucl chamber 13 which communicates with the duct 7 via throttle bore 14, i.e., a bore whose diameter is smaller than that of the duct 7.
  • a valve body 16 Adjacent the housing part 2 is a housing part 15 containing a control valve 16 guided in bores 17, 18.
  • the lower bore 17 communicates with the rear fuel chamber 13 via a bore 20.
  • a valve body 16 is slidably mounted in the housing part 15 to constitute a control valve and includes a piston 21 which is movable in the bore 18 and divides the bore 18 into a front cylinder chamber 22 and a rear cylinder chamber 23.
  • the front cylinder chamber 22 communicates with a control line 25 via a duct 24 while the rear cylinder chamber 23 is connected via a duct 26 to an overflow line 27 which leads back to the tank 12 and which contains a pressure-maintaining valve 28.
  • the control valve body 16 has a longitudinal bore 30 the front part of which leads out laterally (or radially) and through which the bore 20 can be connected to the duct 26 when the control valve is open.
  • the control line 25 contains a control valve 31 which may be constructed as a known rotary valve and is connected via a shaft 32 to the engine crankshaft (not shown).
  • the drive is obtained in known manner either at the same speed as or at half the speed of the crankshaft depending upon whether the engine is a two-stroke or a four-stroke engine.
  • the control valve 31 controls the supply of pressure medium used to actuate the valve 16, the pressure medium being delivered by a control pump 33 under a pressure which is much less than the fuel injection pressure. That is the control valve 31 is constructed so as to selectively make and break a connection between the lines 25, 34 while simultaneously selectively breaking and making a connection between the lines 25 and 27.
  • the pressure medium used is fuel which is also drawn from the tank 12.
  • the control valve 31 is connected to the control pump 33 via a delivery pipe 34.
  • valve body 16 As soon as the control valve 31 connects the delivery line 34 of the control pump 33 to the control line 25, the valve body 16 is lifted by the imposed low control pressure on the piston 21 and opens a connection of the rear fuel chamber 13 via the bore 20 and bore 30 of the valve body 16 to the duct 26 and the overflow line 27. As a result, the pressure in the rear fuel chamber drops abruptly and the valve needle 3 is lifted by the pressure operative in the front fuel chamber 6. The fuel is then injected into the engine combustion chamber (not shown) through the jet bores 5 from the line 10 and the storage chamber 8.
  • control valve 31 again breaks the connection between the lines 34 and 25 and connects line 25 to the overflow line 27.
  • the valve 16 is then closed by the pressure operative in front of the pressure-maintaining valve 28 in the line 27.
  • the pressure in the rear fuel chamber 13 immediately again assumes the value operative in the duct 7 and the needle 3 closes.
  • the closing movement of the valve needle 3 is assisted by the pressure drop in the duct 7 along the valve needle 3, with the result that while the needle 3 is still lifted from the valve seat the pressure in the rear fuel chamber 13 is higher than the pressure in the front fuel chamber 6 despite the small cross section of the throttle bore 4.
  • the object of the throttle bore 14 is to connect the rear fuel chamber 23 to the duct 7 in such a way that when the valve body 16 is lifted, when the rear fuel chamber 13 is connected to the overflow line 27, the fuel pressure in the duct 7 is prevented from dropping appreciably.
  • the pressure-maintaining valve 28 maintains a higher pressure than atmospheric pressure, e.g., a pressure of some atmospheres, in the line 27 and hence also in the rear cylinder chamber 23, a number of advantages are obtained. For example, cavitation is prevented in the entire valve system. in addition, softer operation of the valve 16 is obtained because it does not open as jerkily. Finally, an important advantage is that in this way it is possible to construct a valve without the use of a single spring. The springs which are subjected to high dynamic loading in such valves are in fact a difficult problem in most cases.
  • a fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine comprising:
  • said means includes a stepped bore in said valve communicating with said rear fuel chamber, a valve body having a piston slidably disposed in said bore in sealtight relation for closing said bore from said rear fuel chamber, said piston dividing said bore into a front cylinder chamber and a rear cylinder chamber, said valve body having a bore communicating said stepped bore adjacent said rear fuel chamber with said rear cylinder chamber, a control means connected to said front cylinder chamber to transmit a control pressure thereto less than the fuel pressure for lifting of said
  • a fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine comprising:
  • a fuel injection valve having a plurality of jet bores, a valve seat, a from fuel chamber adjacent said valve seat, a rear fuel chamber remote from said valve seat, a valve needle slidably mounted between said front fuel chamber and said rear fuel chamber for seating on said valve seat, a fuel duct extending along said needle communicating said front fuel chamber with said fuel storage chamber, a throttle bore communicating said fuel duct with said rear fuel chamber, and means for selectively connecting said rear fuel chamber to a chamber remote from said fuel duct and at a lower pressure than the fuel pressure, said means including a control line, a pump for delivering pressure medium through said control line at the control pressure, a control valve in said control line to selectively pass the pressure medium therethrough and a control valve in said injection valve connected to said control line for connecting said rear fuel chamber to said lower pressure chamber.
  • a fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine comprising:
  • valve seat a valve seat, a front fuel chamber adjacent said valve seat, a rear fuel chamber remote from said valve seat, a valve needle slidably mounted between said first chambers for seating on said valve seat, a fuel duct connected to said front fuel chamber for supplying fuel thereto, a low-pressure chamber ad acent said rear fuel chamber and remote from said fuel duct,
  • valve means selectively sealing said rear fuel chamber from said low-pressure chamber
  • a throttle bore connecting said fuel duct with said rear fuel chamber to permit the occurrence of a lower pressure in said rear fuel chamber than in said front fuel chamber upon removal of fuel from said rear fuel chamber through said valve means to said low-pressure chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US869035A 1968-11-05 1969-10-24 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine Expired - Lifetime US3640466A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1645768A CH499720A (de) 1968-11-05 1968-11-05 Brennstoffeinspritzsystem einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3640466A true US3640466A (en) 1972-02-08

Family

ID=4417534

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US869035A Expired - Lifetime US3640466A (en) 1968-11-05 1969-10-24 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion piston engine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3640466A (de)
CH (1) CH499720A (de)
DE (1) DE1807965A1 (de)
ES (1) ES372866A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2022579A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1227918A (de)
NL (2) NL6816749A (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3817456A (en) * 1972-07-18 1974-06-18 J Schlappkohl Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US3910503A (en) * 1973-05-12 1975-10-07 Cav Ltd Fuel injection nozzles
USB541501I5 (de) * 1972-06-12 1976-04-13
US3976249A (en) * 1973-05-12 1976-08-24 C.A.V. Limited Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US3998084A (en) * 1974-11-01 1976-12-21 Marotta Scientific Controls, Inc. Cooling spray system for rolling mill
US4260112A (en) * 1980-02-04 1981-04-07 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Springless fuel injection nozzle
US4284049A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-08-18 Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injector valve needle lift control arrangement
WO1983000639A1 (en) * 1980-02-04 1983-03-03 Grgurich, William, A. Springless fuel injection nozzle
US4566416A (en) * 1981-07-31 1986-01-28 Stanadyne, Inc. Accumulator nozzle fuel injection system
US4687136A (en) * 1985-02-15 1987-08-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas injection valve for gas engine
US4758169A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-07-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Injection valve for reciprocating internal combustion engine
US5397055A (en) * 1991-11-01 1995-03-14 Paul; Marius A. Fuel injector system
US5542610A (en) * 1993-10-22 1996-08-06 Mercedes-Benz Ag Fuel injection nozzle with integral solenoid valve
US6247452B1 (en) * 1997-10-09 2001-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US6360721B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2002-03-26 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector with independent control of check valve and fuel pressurization
US6390066B1 (en) * 1999-01-02 2002-05-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
US20020094661A1 (en) * 1999-10-01 2002-07-18 Ziptronix Three dimensional device intergration method and intergrated device
US6725838B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2004-04-27 Caterpillar Inc Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same
US20100012745A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Fuel Injectors with Intensified Fuel Storage and Methods of Operating an Engine Therewith
US20100186716A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-07-29 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Multiple Intensifier Injectors with Positive Needle Control and Methods of Injection
US9181890B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2015-11-10 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Methods of operation of fuel injectors with intensified fuel storage

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580728B1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1989-05-05 Alsacienne Constr Meca Systeme d'injection de combustible pour moteur diesel
US5487508A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-01-30 Caterpillar Inc. Injection rate shaping control ported check stop for a fuel injection nozzle

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2173812A (en) * 1936-09-09 1939-09-19 Bischof Bernhard Fuel injection apparatus
US2279010A (en) * 1941-08-19 1942-04-07 American Locomotive Co Fuel injection apparatus
US2378165A (en) * 1942-02-07 1945-06-12 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device
US2680651A (en) * 1953-06-16 1954-06-08 American Locomotive Co Fuel injector
US2788246A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-04-09 Alco Products Inc Fuel injectors
US3115304A (en) * 1961-10-11 1963-12-24 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2173812A (en) * 1936-09-09 1939-09-19 Bischof Bernhard Fuel injection apparatus
US2279010A (en) * 1941-08-19 1942-04-07 American Locomotive Co Fuel injection apparatus
US2378165A (en) * 1942-02-07 1945-06-12 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device
US2680651A (en) * 1953-06-16 1954-06-08 American Locomotive Co Fuel injector
US2788246A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-04-09 Alco Products Inc Fuel injectors
US3115304A (en) * 1961-10-11 1963-12-24 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB541501I5 (de) * 1972-06-12 1976-04-13
US4005826A (en) * 1972-06-12 1977-02-01 National Research Development Corporation Injectors for the fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines
US3817456A (en) * 1972-07-18 1974-06-18 J Schlappkohl Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
US3910503A (en) * 1973-05-12 1975-10-07 Cav Ltd Fuel injection nozzles
US3976249A (en) * 1973-05-12 1976-08-24 C.A.V. Limited Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US3998084A (en) * 1974-11-01 1976-12-21 Marotta Scientific Controls, Inc. Cooling spray system for rolling mill
US4284049A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-08-18 Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injector valve needle lift control arrangement
US4260112A (en) * 1980-02-04 1981-04-07 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Springless fuel injection nozzle
WO1983000639A1 (en) * 1980-02-04 1983-03-03 Grgurich, William, A. Springless fuel injection nozzle
US4566416A (en) * 1981-07-31 1986-01-28 Stanadyne, Inc. Accumulator nozzle fuel injection system
US4687136A (en) * 1985-02-15 1987-08-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas injection valve for gas engine
US4758169A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-07-19 Sulzer Brothers Limited Injection valve for reciprocating internal combustion engine
US5397055A (en) * 1991-11-01 1995-03-14 Paul; Marius A. Fuel injector system
US5542610A (en) * 1993-10-22 1996-08-06 Mercedes-Benz Ag Fuel injection nozzle with integral solenoid valve
US6247452B1 (en) * 1997-10-09 2001-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US6390066B1 (en) * 1999-01-02 2002-05-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
US20020094661A1 (en) * 1999-10-01 2002-07-18 Ziptronix Three dimensional device intergration method and intergrated device
US6360721B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2002-03-26 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector with independent control of check valve and fuel pressurization
US6725838B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2004-04-27 Caterpillar Inc Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same
USRE44082E1 (en) 2001-10-09 2013-03-19 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual mode capabilities and engine using same
US20100186716A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-07-29 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Multiple Intensifier Injectors with Positive Needle Control and Methods of Injection
US8579207B2 (en) * 2007-05-09 2013-11-12 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Multiple intensifier injectors with positive needle control and methods of injection
US20100012745A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Fuel Injectors with Intensified Fuel Storage and Methods of Operating an Engine Therewith
US8733671B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2014-05-27 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Fuel injectors with intensified fuel storage and methods of operating an engine therewith
US9181890B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2015-11-10 Sturman Digital Systems, Llc Methods of operation of fuel injectors with intensified fuel storage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2022579A1 (de) 1970-07-31
NL6816749A (de) 1970-05-08
GB1227918A (de) 1971-04-15
NL133905C (de)
CH499720A (de) 1970-11-30
ES372866A1 (es) 1971-11-01
DE1807965A1 (de) 1970-07-30

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