US3640029A - Method of buffing a metal percussion instrument - Google Patents

Method of buffing a metal percussion instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
US3640029A
US3640029A US11673A US3640029DA US3640029A US 3640029 A US3640029 A US 3640029A US 11673 A US11673 A US 11673A US 3640029D A US3640029D A US 3640029DA US 3640029 A US3640029 A US 3640029A
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United States
Prior art keywords
buffing
instrument
cymbal
wheels
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US11673A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Zildjian
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AVEDIS ZILDJIAN AVEDIS CO
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AVEDIS ZILDJIAN AVEDIS CO
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
    • B24D13/08—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery comprising annular or circular sheets packed side by side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B24B29/04—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for rotationally symmetrical workpieces, e.g. ball-, cylinder- or cone-shaped workpieces

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A buffed metal cymbal or the like percussion instrument is produced by a method in which a surface of the instrument is pressed against a deformable buffing surface moving at high speed at a pressure and for a time period sufficient to produce a shiny buffed finish but insufficient to raise the temperature of the metal enough or to remove sufficient metal to impair the prebuffed tonal quality or resistance to fracture of the instrument.
  • cymbals are generally cast from a tin-copper alloy, rolled in rolling mills to give them the desired diameter and thickness and are cupped and tempered in a press or die. After the center hole is cut the cymbals are cut into a substantially circular shape of the proper diameter by a circle shear and are hammered and peened to define a bowed hub portion and a raised center portion having the circular center hole, for a supporting rod, therethrough. A plurality of tonal grooves of varying depths are cut, generally by means of a turning lathe, in one or both surfaces of the hub portion and spaced at varying distances from the center hole outwardly to the outer edge of the cymbal.
  • the edge is then smoothed.
  • the cutting of the grooves is among the final steps in the manufacture of cymbals and is followed by aging to provide hardness since the integrity of the grooves must be maintained toinsure that the notes produced by the cymbal when it vibrates have the desired tonal quality.
  • the buffer-to-metal friction has caused the alloy in the cymbal to become excessively hot and to harden and become brittle, resulting in susceptibility of the cymbal to fracture and to deterioration of the quality of the notes produced thereby.
  • the pressures applied have been such that the buffer has worn the projections between the tonal grooves to such an extent as to damage the tonal quality of the cymbal.
  • the surfaces of cymbals are not polished but instead arepermitted to retain their relatively dull finish after they have been cast and worked. 7
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a method which may be employed to buff cymbals of different diameters and insures uniformity in the buffing of the cymbal surface.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide apparatus which buffs mechanically and uniformly and eliminates the risk of uneven application of pressure to the cymbal surface which generally occurs when the buffing is performed manually.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide such apparatus which insures that the pressure applied by the buffer to the cymbal surface is of the proper magnitude.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide novel and improved cymbals which have the shiny and pleasing appearance characteristically produced by buffing but which retain all their prebuffing characteristics unimpaired.
  • the invention features a method for buffing the surface of a percussion instrument which is constructed of metal and the quality of which may be impaired by heating to an elevated temperature or by removing surface metal therefrom, the surface having a plurality of substantially circular grooves formed therein.
  • the method includes the step of bringing the surface of the instrument and a buffing surface, moving at high speed, into contact for a period of time, which is preferably less than 1 minute and of the order of 15 to 35 seconds, at a predetermined pressure to producefriction between the surfaces during the period of time; the buffing surface is arranged to become deformed locally to exert the pressure substantially uniformly across the entire surface of the instrument substantially simultaneously and to effectively buff the surface of the instrument when the buffer surface is in contact with the surface of the instrument, and the friction during the period of time is insufficient to raise the temperature of the metal sufficiently to affect the tonal quality of the instrument and insufficient to remove a significant amount of the metal therefrom.
  • the method' also includes the steps of monitoring the pressure exerted by the buffing surface across the surface of the instrument, adjusting the pressure which is monitored into conformity'with the predetermined pressure, and rotating the surface of the instrument relative to the buffing surface for uniformly buffing the surface of the instrument.
  • the invention features a percussion instrument, such as a cymbal, constructed of metal and having a plurality of substantially circular grooves formed in the surface thereof.
  • the surface has the highly polished appearance characteristic of buffing and the metal retains the tonal qualities characteristic thereof prior to buffing.
  • the invention features apparatus for buffing the surface of a percussion instrument constructed of metal, the quality of which instrument may be impaired by heating to an elevated temperature or by removing surface metal therefrom and the surface of which has a plurality of substantially circular grooves formed therein.
  • the apparatus includes buffing means with a buffing surface moving at high speed, pressure applying means arranged to bring the surface of the instrument and the buffing surface into contact for a short period of time preferably at a predetermined pressure to produce friction between the surfaces during that period of time and the buffing surface is arranged to become deformed locally to exert the pressure with substantial uniformity across the entire surface of the instrument substantially simultaneously when the buffing surface is in contact with the surface of the instrument, the friction during that period of time being insufficient to raise the temperature of the metal sufficiently to affect the tonal quality of the instrument and insufficient to remove a significant'amount of metal therefrom.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top elevation, taken along line 2-2 of FIG. I, of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view, taken along line 3-3 of F IG, 1, showing a portion of a cymbal and the tonal grooves cut therein;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view, taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2 and partly broken away, showing a portion of the frame supporting the cymbal and the surface which the buffing wheels present to the cymbals after the buffing cloths therein have spread.
  • an hydraulic hoisting apparatus having a movable stand 12 which is arranged to be moved vertically toward rotary buffer 13 a distance determined by an attendant who operates conventional manual controls.
  • a wooden frame 14 which is provided with a convex upper portion 15 and arranged to support a cymbal 16 in close proximity thereon and to be rotated at a relatively slow constant speed on shaft 18 by motor 20 through gear assembly 22.
  • Cymbal 16 has a slightly bowed hub portion 24 and a raised cupped center portion 25 with circular center opening 26 which is arranged to receive square peg 30 on frame 14 with a tight fit.
  • Hub portion 24 (FIG.
  • grooves 27 have a plurality of radially spaced substantially circular tonal grooves 27, separated by projecting portions 28, cut in the upper and lower surfaces 29 thereof.
  • the depth and spacing of grooves 27 vary on the surfaces of each individual cymbal 16 and in many cases grooves are cut in only one ofthe surfaces.
  • Rotary buffer 13 includes a buffer arbor or shaft 34, having a longitudinal axis which passes over the center of supported cymbal 16, and which is rotatably mounted at one end above frame 14 in bearings in the casing of a motor 40 on a support 38.
  • the motor which may be a horsepower, 220 volt AC motor is directly connected to the shaft 34 to rotate the same.
  • Ammeter 43 is provided to monitor the current drawn by motor 40.
  • the cloths employed are of the soft buff (for example, No. 2 bias buff" cloths sold by M E. Baker Company of Cambridge, Massachusetts) variety with the exception of the cloths from which the outer wheels 46 are fabricated.
  • wheels 44 on arbor 34 may vary considerably depending upon the diameter of the cymbal to be buffed and that given the spacing between wheels 44 and 46 their number is chosen so as to cover the entire diameter D of cymbal 16.
  • Wheels 46 are constructed of stiffer cloths than those in wheels 44 in order to prevent excessive spreading of the wheels between them.
  • the buffing wheels are formed to provide a bowed-in shape for the overall outline of the buffing assembly.
  • This shaping may be performed by raking the wheels with a steel comb to comb away the excess cloth or preferably by coating the surface of a shaping" cymbal with an aluminum oxide composition and pressing the shaping cymbal against the wheels 44 and 46, while they are rotated by arbor 34 until the excess cloth is worn away.
  • the outer edges of the cloths in each wheel 44 are arranged to bend, to come into initial contact with the adjacent cloths in adjacent wheels 44 and 46, and to form a substantially smooth surface (see FIG. 4) having the curved shape complementary to the upper surface 29 of cymbal 16 when cymbal i6 is pressed against wheels 44 and 46 with a predetermined pressure (the selection of which is discussed below).
  • a cymbal 116 is mounted on square peg 30 of frame 14. Motors 20 and 40 are started to rotate respectively frame 14 and arbor 34. The attendant operates the manual controls and hoisting apparatus moves stand 12 and, therefore, cymbal l6 vertically toward rotary buffer 13. Liquid buffing compound is cyclically sprayed onto wheels 44 and 46 either manually with a spray gun or automatically. Stand 12 and cymbal 16 continue to move upwardly and cymbal 16 comes into contact with buffing wheels 44 and 46.
  • the tin-copper alloy from which it is cast is not raised to an excessive temperature (which for some alloys may be a temperature between F. and 200 F.) by friction between the cymbal l6 and the buffer wheels 44 and 46.
  • the air spaces formed between the outer portions of the cloths when they are flexed permit suffi cient heat to be conducted away from the cymbal to prevent the metal from overheating which would occur even in the short time involved if the buffing wheels were not spaced.
  • the amount of metal so removed is insig nificant and insufficient to affect the tonal quality of the cymbal.
  • the illustrated embodiment is adapted to buff only the convex face of the cymbal.
  • a second machine may be utilized which is the same as that illustrated except that the shape of the support is correspondingly concave and the transverse shape of the buffing wheel assembly is correspondingly convex from the ends to the middle.
  • said buffer wheels being arranged to deform locally to define said buffing surface having a shape which is substantially identical with the shape of said surface of said instrument for exertion of said pressure with substantial uniformity across said surface of said instrument.
  • each of said buffer wheels comprises a plurality of flexible cloth discs carried on said shaft, having an outer circumferential portion
  • said outer portion of said discs being deformable locally to define said bufiing surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US11673A 1970-02-16 1970-02-16 Method of buffing a metal percussion instrument Expired - Lifetime US3640029A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1167370A 1970-02-16 1970-02-16

Publications (1)

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US3640029A true US3640029A (en) 1972-02-08

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US11673A Expired - Lifetime US3640029A (en) 1970-02-16 1970-02-16 Method of buffing a metal percussion instrument

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3640029A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH521825A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2107340A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1296499A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767096A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-10-23 Conseil So Ge Co Apparatus for deflashing molded articles
US4809581A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-03-07 Paiste Ag Cymbal
US6034313A (en) * 1998-04-20 2000-03-07 Universal Percussion, Inc. Tonal cymbal
US6299698B1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2001-10-09 Applied Materials, Inc. Wafer edge scrubber and method
US6310277B1 (en) 1999-01-28 2001-10-30 Universal Percussion, Inc. Tonal cymbal
US6617501B2 (en) * 2000-12-02 2003-09-09 Roland Meinl Musikinstrumente Gmbh & Co. Cymbal system
US20030167900A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-09-11 Robert Paiste Cymbal
US20090031512A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2009-02-05 Applied Materials, Inc. Post cmp scrubbing of substrates
US7867342B1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2011-01-11 Eugene Provencio Cymbal cleaning device
US8001644B1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2011-08-23 Martinez Albert S Cymbal polishing device and method
US20150366401A1 (en) * 2014-06-21 2015-12-24 Frank Baldwin Multi-section oversized skillet apparatus
EP3205232A1 (en) * 2016-02-12 2017-08-16 S.I.T. Societa' Italiana Tecnospazzole S.p.A. Circular brush

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2159698C2 (ru) * 1999-02-16 2000-11-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Завод им. А.М. Тарасова" Способ эластичного шлифования

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190724696A (en) * 1907-11-07 1908-08-20 John Garnet Wood Improvements in Methods of, and Apparatus for, Polishing Metal Trays and the like.
US2469948A (en) * 1944-08-28 1949-05-10 Edwin O Bune Bowling ball cleaner
US2885702A (en) * 1955-03-28 1959-05-12 Robert B Way Machine for wiping and polishing articles of manufacture
US3067444A (en) * 1959-07-28 1962-12-11 Donald L Dickson Rotary cleaning device
US3104408A (en) * 1962-04-09 1963-09-24 Albert J Szymanowski Bowling ball buffing machine
US3425080A (en) * 1964-05-15 1969-02-04 Heinz Dolitzsch Washing apparatus for vehicles,more particularly for motor vehicles

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190724696A (en) * 1907-11-07 1908-08-20 John Garnet Wood Improvements in Methods of, and Apparatus for, Polishing Metal Trays and the like.
US2469948A (en) * 1944-08-28 1949-05-10 Edwin O Bune Bowling ball cleaner
US2885702A (en) * 1955-03-28 1959-05-12 Robert B Way Machine for wiping and polishing articles of manufacture
US3067444A (en) * 1959-07-28 1962-12-11 Donald L Dickson Rotary cleaning device
US3104408A (en) * 1962-04-09 1963-09-24 Albert J Szymanowski Bowling ball buffing machine
US3425080A (en) * 1964-05-15 1969-02-04 Heinz Dolitzsch Washing apparatus for vehicles,more particularly for motor vehicles

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767096A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-10-23 Conseil So Ge Co Apparatus for deflashing molded articles
US4809581A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-03-07 Paiste Ag Cymbal
US6034313A (en) * 1998-04-20 2000-03-07 Universal Percussion, Inc. Tonal cymbal
US6299698B1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2001-10-09 Applied Materials, Inc. Wafer edge scrubber and method
US6310277B1 (en) 1999-01-28 2001-10-30 Universal Percussion, Inc. Tonal cymbal
US20030167900A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2003-09-11 Robert Paiste Cymbal
US6828496B2 (en) * 2000-08-28 2004-12-07 Paiste Ag Cymbal
US6617501B2 (en) * 2000-12-02 2003-09-09 Roland Meinl Musikinstrumente Gmbh & Co. Cymbal system
US20090031512A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2009-02-05 Applied Materials, Inc. Post cmp scrubbing of substrates
US8372210B2 (en) 2003-10-27 2013-02-12 Applied Materials, Inc. Post CMP scrubbing of substrates
US8001644B1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2011-08-23 Martinez Albert S Cymbal polishing device and method
US7867342B1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2011-01-11 Eugene Provencio Cymbal cleaning device
US20150366401A1 (en) * 2014-06-21 2015-12-24 Frank Baldwin Multi-section oversized skillet apparatus
US9980607B2 (en) * 2014-06-21 2018-05-29 Frank Baldwin Multi-section oversized skillet apparatus
EP3205232A1 (en) * 2016-02-12 2017-08-16 S.I.T. Societa' Italiana Tecnospazzole S.p.A. Circular brush

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2107340A1 (de) 1971-09-09
GB1296499A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-15
CH521825A (de) 1972-04-30

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