US3639556A - Method for spinning composite filaments - Google Patents

Method for spinning composite filaments Download PDF

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US3639556A
US3639556A US7434A US3639556DA US3639556A US 3639556 A US3639556 A US 3639556A US 7434 A US7434 A US 7434A US 3639556D A US3639556D A US 3639556DA US 3639556 A US3639556 A US 3639556A
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component
filament
filaments
spinning
components
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Masao Matsui
Susumu Tokura
Masahiro Yamabe
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Kanegafuchi Spinning Co Ltd
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Kanegafuchi Spinning Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing composite filaments wherein at least two thermoplastic linear polymers are uniformly bonded along the longitudinal direction of the unitary filament.
  • composite filaments in which a plurality of fiber-forming components consisting of thermoplastic synthetic linear polymers and having different heat shrinkabilities and swelling properties are eccentrically bonded extending along the longitudinal direction of the unitary filament uniformly, have latent crimps, which are developed by a heat or swelling treatment, and further such composite filaments are useful for the production of stretchable knit goods, especially sheer circular knit goods (e.g. ladies stockings).
  • latent crimps which are developed by a heat or swelling treatment
  • composite filaments are useful for the production of stretchable knit goods, especially sheer circular knit goods (e.g. ladies stockings).
  • Japanese patent application No. 32,73 8/ 64 by the inventors and in US. Pat. No. 3,286,490 by B. E.
  • self-bonding composite filaments one component of which is a polymer having a selective sensitivity against tack-inducing agents, such as heat and a reagent (this polymer being referred to as a latent adhesive component hereinafter) are formed into fibrous structures, such as knit wear, non-woven fabrics, substrate for synthetic leather, etc., and the filament crossover contacts in the resulting structure are bonded with the tack-inducing agent to stabilize the configuration of the structure.
  • tack-inducing agents such as heat and a reagent
  • FIGS. 1-3 are cross-sectional views of conventional two-component composite filaments respectively;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of two-component composite filaments according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of one embodiment of a spinneret according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 7-ll are diagrammatic views for showing shapes of apertures
  • FIGS. 1214 are diagrammatic views for showing relative positions between the aperture and the conduit respectively;
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 are diagrammatic views for showing various shapes of the ducts respectively;
  • FIG. 18-23 are diagrammatic views for showing modified shapes of apertures respectively.
  • FIG. 24 is a vertical sectional view of a spinneret ac cording to the invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view the spinneret shown in FIG. 24 taken on line X-X;
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 are cross-sectional views of twocomponent composite filaments according to the invention respectively.
  • FIGS. 28 and 29 are cross-sectional views of three-component composite filaments according to the invention respectively.
  • FIGS. 3032 are cross-sectional views of conventional three-component composite filaments respectively.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a contact point of filaments
  • FIGS. 34 and 35 are diagrammatic views for showing a method for the determination of adhesive strength between filaments.
  • FIG. 36 is a graph for showing a relation between adhering temperature and adhesive strength.
  • the width of welt (shape under tensionless state) in the resulting stockings is often smaller than the leg portion due to the fact that denier of single filaments constituting the multifilament in the welt is smaller and the stitch in the welt is coarser, so that the appearance of the stockings is often poor.
  • eccentric sheath-core relation two-component filaments having a kidney-shaped core as shown in FIG. 2 are used in the welt.
  • one component covers the surface of the filament, so that when the two components are different in the dyeability (generally, two components having different shrinkabilities are more or less different in the dyeability), if side-byside relation two component filaments composed of the same components with those used in the welt yarn are used in the leg, the dyeability of the welt is considerably different from that of the leg.
  • the color of the welt portion is apt to be light. This is due to the difference in the reflection of light between monofilament and multifilament. Therefore, it is most desirable that the dyeability of filaments for welt is somewhat higher than that of filaments for leg. That is to say, it is necessary that the dyeability of composite filaments for welt is moderately higher than that of composite filaments for leg and that the crimpability is properly reduced.
  • the latent adhesive component should occupy a limited area of the periphery of the filament. Namely, even the filament as shown in FIG. 1, wherein latent adhesive component occupies about 50% of the periphery of the filament, gives too much bonding to the fabric and the above-described defect appears and further uneven crimps are developed and the surface of fabric is not uniform.
  • the inventors succeeded in satisfying the above-mentioned requirement by the use of three-component filaments having a novel structure, which consists of two components having different heat shrinkabilities for providing crimpability and the third component having a latent adhesivity, and accomplished this invention by defining a novel method and apparatus for producing these composite filaments.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a two-component filament having a reduced crimpability and a properly biased dyeability.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a twocomponent filament having a crimpability and a reduced latent adhesivity.
  • Further object of the invention is to provide a threecomponent filament having an excellent crimpability and a reduced latent adhesivity together.
  • Another important object of the invention is to provide sheer circular knit goods, such as ladies stockings, having uniform appearance and even color in whole in spite of composing of at least two portions having different knitting systems.
  • the spinneret comprises a spinneret plate provided with at least one conduit and at least one orifice each connecting to the conduit, a distributing block superposed at the rear of the spinneret plate and provided with two side reservoirs and a central reservoir located between the side reservoirs; ducts lying along the abutting surface of the spinneret plate against the distributing block and connecting the two side reservoirs to an inlet of each conduit respectively; and a feed nozzle, one end of which opens to the central reservoir and the other end of which opens to the upper portion of the duct opposite to the conduit and traversing the longitudinal direction of the duct, the latter opening being an aperture having a length smaller than the width of the duct and being transmitted at one side-wall of the duct; said spinneret being provided with further means for supplying spinning materials into both the side reservoirs respectively; and means for supplying another spinning material into the central reservoir.
  • a spinneret plate 1 provided with a conduit 2 and an orifice 3 connecting to the conduit 2 through a tapered portion.
  • a distributing block 4 is super posed at the rear of the spinneret plate 1.
  • the distributing block 4 has two side reservoirs 5 and 6 and a central reservoir 7 located between the reservoirs 5 and 6.
  • Ducts 8 and 9 are arranged at the abutting surface of the spinneret plate 1 against the distributing block 4, and they are connected to the side reservoirs 5 and 6 respectively and to the inlet of the conduit 2.
  • These two ducts 8 and 9 may be formed either in the upper surface of the spinneret plate 1, in the lower surface of the distributing block 4, or cross the both plates.
  • the ducts 8 and 9 may be provided in a certain angle on the both sides of the inlet of the conduit 2, but most preferably they are substantially aligned.
  • the above-described central reservoir 7 is connected to a joined portion of the two ducts 8 and 9 through the feed nozzle 10. Namely, one end of the feed nozzle 10 opens in the central reservoir 7 and the other end connects to the joined portion of the ducts through an aperture.
  • the aperture may be a single rectangular slit as shown in FIG. 7, or may be composed of a plurality of small holes aligned closely to one another as shown in FIG. 8, or may be a combination of these apertures.
  • the aperture may be either a single keyhole-shaped slit, a T-shaped slit as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of small holes having different diameters as shown in FIG. 10, or a plurality of small holes arranged in T-shape as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the aperture may be a single small hole.
  • the length L of the aperture 11 should be smaller than the width W of the ducts 8 and 9 as shown in FIGS. 12-14.
  • the length L means a length between both ends of these small holes and the width W of the ducts 8 and 9 means a width of the ducts lying in the abutting surface of the spinneret plate 1 and the distributing block 4.
  • the cross-section of the ducts 8 and 9 may be circular, quadrilateral, triangular and any other shape, but in order to attain the object of the invention the width of the ducts 8 and 9 should be maximum at the abutting surface of the spinneret plate against the distributing block. Accordingly, in the present invention, the width W of the ducts 8 and 9 means the width of the ducts in the abutting surface.
  • FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 represent circle, quadrilateral and triangle, respectively.
  • FIG. 12 shows a fundamental relative portion between these apertures and the conduit 2.
  • These apertures open in such a manner that the longitudinal direction of the opening traverses the ducts 8 and 9 and alignes with a joined line P-P' of these ducts, namely on a center line of the inlet of conduit 2.
  • one end of the total length of the aperture 11 makes contact with one end of the total width of the ducts 8 and 9 and consequently, as mentioned above, the length of the aperture is smaller than the width of the ducts, so that the other end of the aperture does not make contact with the other end of the width of the ducts.
  • FIGS. 18-23 The relative positions between various embodiments of the aperture having modified shapes and the conduit are further shown in FIGS. 18-23.
  • FIGS. 24 and 25 show a useful modified embodiment of the spinneret of this invention.
  • eight orifices 3 are arranged along a concentric circle having an axis located on the spinneret center on the spinneret plate.
  • the distributing block 4 there are provided with an annular central reservoir 7 such that the reservoir corresponds to the annular arrangement of the orifices 3, an annular side reservoir surrounding the outside of the central reservoir 7 concentrically, and a side reservoir 6 located in the center portion of the spinneret.
  • ducts 8 and 9 extend radially which connect conduits 2 of the orifices to two side reservoirs 5 and 6 respectively.
  • Pins 12 serve to adjust the relative position of the apertures 11 and the orifices 3.
  • the spinning material A is passed from the reservoirs S and 6 into the ducts 8 and 9 respectively, and joined at the conduit 2 and then extruded through the orifice 3.
  • the spinning material B in the central reservoir 7 is extruded through the feed nozzle 10 and the aperture 11 into the flow of the above spinning material A in a form of a thin layer and joined with the spinning material A and then extruded through the orifice 3 to form a composite filament.
  • the spinning material B is extruded in a form of thin layer on the abutting line of the two flows of the spinning material A such that one end of the spinning material B makes contact with one of the side-walls of the ducts 8 and 9 and that the other end of the spinning material B does not make contact with the other side-wall of the ducts 8 and 9.
  • the spinning material B can occupy a part of the surface of the composite filament.
  • the abovementioned abutting line means a line where two flows of the spinning material A supplied from two side reservoirs 5 and 6 are considered to be abut together.
  • the abutting line is in alignment with a line PP where the abovementioned two ducts 8 and 9 are communicated each other.
  • a line PP' crossing perpendicularly to the ducts 8 and 9 and passing the center of the conduit 2 is called the abutting line.
  • the above-mentioned spinning material B corresponds to a wedge-shaped component of the composite filament as shown in FIG. 4 or a keyhole-shaped component of the composite filament as shown in FIG. 5.
  • two-component composite filaments one component of which forms a wedge-shape
  • 26 can be obtained by using apertures composed of Y-shaped slit as shown in FIG. 20, a plurality of small holes and a slit as shown in FIG. 21 or a plurality of small holes arranged in Y-shape closely as shown in FIG. 22.
  • the composite filament as shown in FIG. 27 can be obtained by using a crossed sli-t as shown in FIG. 23 as the aperture.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 which can be obtained by using a circular orifice 3, but of course, it is possible to obtain composite filaments having various cross-sections by varying the shape of the orifice.
  • Another important spinning process for attaining the object of the present invention consists in that to the two side reservoirs 5 and 6 of the above-described spinneret, for example, spinning materials A and B having different heat shrinkabilities, swelling properties and the like are fed separately, and a spinning material C which is different from both spinning materials A and B and has a selective sensitivity to a tack-inducing agent, such as heat or a reagent, is fed to the central reservoir '7.
  • the fundamental cross-section of the three-component filament thus obtained is as shown in FIGS.
  • the latent adhesive component C having the selective sensitivity to the tack-inducing agent interposes partially in a wedgeshape or keyhole-shape in the abutting surface of the two components A and B bonded in a side-by-side relation.
  • this spinning process comprises flowing two independent spinning materials in opposite directions to each other in two ducts each connecting to a common conduit and combining them and interposing a thin layerlike flow of another spinning material different from the above-mentioned spinning materials between the two spinning material flows at the combined portion in such a manner that the longitudinal direction of the cross-section of the thin layer is perpendicular to the direction of the above-mentioned two opposite flows and that the thin layer is so shifted that one end of the layer-like flow is in contact with one side-wall of the above-mentioned duct, but the other end thereof is not in contact with the other side-wall of the duct and then extruding the thus combined spinning materials through the conduit from the orifice.
  • a two-component composite filament can be obtained, while when they are different, a three-component composite filament can be obtained.
  • a latent adhesive component is used as the thin layer-like flow, the two-component or the three-component filament having latent adhesivity can be obtained.
  • the composite filament obtained by the method of the present in vention consists in a composite filament having a crimpability comprising at least two components differing in shrinkability which extend uniformly and continuously along the longitudinal axis, said components bonding directly to each other and occupying a part of the peripheral surface of the filament continuously, the smallest surface area occupied by one component being 5 to 30%,
  • the above-described component occupying the minimum surface area is interposed in a wedge-shape into the other component as shown in FIG. 4 or in a keyholeshape into the other component as shown in FIG. 5.
  • wedge-shape used herein means one in which as shown in FIG. 4, [5w and w is the maximum value of the width of the wedge and the term keyholeshape means one in which as shown in FIG. 5, lgw' w.
  • composite filament having a reduced crimpability and a dyeability biased property to a higher dyeability can be obtained.
  • Such a bonding configuration is useful for two-component composite filament having self-adhesivity and it is possible to reduce surface area of the adhesive component without biasing the conjugate ratio (volume ratio) of two component extremely.
  • Such a two-component filament is useful for yarn for producing sheer circular knit fabric, particularly welt, toe and heel portions of ladies stockings.
  • a desirable structure of the filament of this invention is composed of three-components.
  • the present invention consists in a three-component filament having crimpability and latent adhesivity, which consists of two components A and B having different shrinkabilities and another component C having a latent adhesivity against said two components, (1) said three components being bonded to each other uniformly along the entire length of the filament, (2) every component being directly to each other, (3) every component occupying a part of the peripheral surface of the filament continuously, (4) the surface area occupied by the adhesive component C being 5 to 30%, preferably 5 to 20%, of the total surface area of the filament and (5) a temperature at which the adhesive component C begins to exhibit adhesivity, being at least 5 C., preferably 0, lower than those temperatures of the other components A and B.
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a threecomponent filament according to the invention.
  • the adhesive component C is positioned between the components A and B, but does not separate the components A and B from each other.
  • the three components are directly bonded to each other.
  • FIGS. 3032 showing conventional filaments the components C and B of the filament shown in FIG. 30 do not directly adhere to each other.
  • FIG. 31 the components A and C are separated and in FIG. 32 the components B and A are separated.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a contact point of filaments in the knit goods.
  • Two filaments X and Y make contact each other at a point I.
  • the adhered point density in the products depends upon which component faces to the contacting surface at the contact point I. That is, in FIG. 33, the component facing to the contact point I is the component B in the filament X and the component A in the filament Y.
  • Microscopical examination of a contact point in plain-stitched stretchable stockings composed of conventional two-component filaments under tension with respect to the component at the contact surface shows that the component A or the component B faces to the contact point in many cases (60 to 80% and the boundary line of both components A and B faces to the contact point in a relatively low probability (30 to 50%).
  • the adhesive component C will be explained hereinafter.
  • all thermoplastic polymers are softened by heating, and thermoplastic polymers having a softening temperature lower than the thermal decomposition temperature have latent adhesivity. Therefore, all the three components constituting the filament of the present invention have latent adhesivity practically.
  • the component C serves as an adhesive component in the present invention. It is necessary that the components A and B do not exhibit adhesivity under such a condition that the component C adheres sufficiently, i.e. the component C has a selective sensitivity for tackinducing agents. Furthermore, care must be taken such that the strength and the crimpability are not lost by the adhering treatment of the component C in the practical treatment.
  • the tack-inducing agents use may be made of heating or solvents, but heating is practically advantageous.
  • the use of saturated steam is particularly advantageous. It is common to use steam in the finishing process of fiber.
  • the stockings are dyed and then the filaments are adhered at the same time with the post boarding of the stockings.
  • filaments are heated for 10 to seconds with saturated steam under tension caused by the shrinking force of the filaments themselves.
  • the steam is usually used at a temperature of to C.
  • the adhesive components C one showing adhesivity by the above-mentioned steam is preferably used.
  • Two filaments composed only of a sample polymer to be determined were firstly fixed so as to form a crossover contact point as shown in FIG. 34. These entangled filaments are heated at a predetermined temperature, cooled, taken out and cut so as to leave the contact point I as shown in FIG. 35.
  • the points P and Q are pulled by means of a fiber tensile tester, for example, Instron universal tester, to determine the tension when the filaments at the contact point I are separated.
  • a monofilament of 15 to 20 deniers usually has an adhesive strength of less than 30 g. This adhesive strength varies depending upon the adhering treatment conditions. It is heating velocity, heating time, heating temperature and pressing force (tension of filament) at the contact point that have the strongest influence upon the adhesive strength.
  • FIG. 36 is a graph showing a relation between adhering (steaming) temperature and adhesive strength.
  • Adhesive or sticking strength varies depending upon not only the kinds of polymers themselves but also the kinds of partner polymers to be adhered.
  • three components are called as A, B and C.
  • the adhesive strength when the component C is adhered with the component C, that when. the component C is adhered with the component B and that when the component C is adhered with the component A are different from each other.
  • FIG. 36 shows relations between adhesive strength and temperature in various combinations of the components A, B and C.
  • the curve CC shows the relation when the component C is adhered with the component C.
  • FIG. 36 shows relations between adhesive strength and temperature in various combinations of the components A, B and C.
  • adhesion-beginning temperature of the component C the rising point Tc of the adhesive strength-temperature curve of the component C with the component A is called as adhesion-beginning temperature of the component C.
  • This adhesion-beginning temperature usually varies depending upon the partner polymer to be adhered.
  • the adhesion-beginning temperature Tc of the component C includes three different adhesion-beginning temperatures,
  • Tcc adheresion-beginning temperature of the component C with the component C
  • Tca adhesionbeginning temperature of the component C with the component A
  • Tcb adhesion-beginning temperature of the component C with the component B
  • the highest for example, in this case Tea
  • the heating should be carried out within a temperature range where the adhesive component C adheres with sufiicient adhesion strength but the other components A and B do not exhibit adhesivity.
  • the object of the present invention can be attained.
  • the adhesion-beginning temperature Tb of the component B includes Tbb and Tba, but the lower temperature should be discussed with respect to the adhesivity in connection With Tc. If the softening or sticking temperature decreases in the order of A B C, Tea and Tbb can be used as Tc and Tb respectively.
  • Tc is sufiiciently apart from Tb, i.e. the difference AT between Tb and Tc is sufficiently large, the object of the present invention can be attained.
  • AT is more than C., preferably more than C.
  • fiber formable thermoplastic synthetic linear polymers for example, polyamide, polyester, polyester-amide, polyester-ether, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers thereof, mixtures thereof and the like.
  • the latent adhesive components ones having a lower-softening or sticking temperature than that of the other components are used, and it is necessary that the adhesion-beginning temperature To is at least 5 C., preferably more than 10 C. lower than the adhesion-beginning temperatures of the other components as described above.
  • polyamides suitable for such a latent adhesive component C mention may be made of a plenty of copolyamides and mixed polyamides. Homopolyamides having a low softening or sticking temperature, for example, polyhexamethylene isophthalamide may be used. The determination of adhesion-beginning temperature can be elfected in such a manner that the adhesive strength of a filament is measured as described above, and that a curve showing a relation between the adhering treatment temperature and the adhesive strength is plotted, and then the temperature at the rising point of the curve is read.
  • Filaments having both latent crimpability and reduced latent adhesivity according to the invention are very useful for the production of ladies stockings. That is to say, when such filaments are knitted into stockings and the resulting stockings are subjected to a suitable crimpdeveloping treatment and adhering treatment, then novel stockings having stretchability and run-resisting property can be obtained.
  • the filament E was placed as shown in FIG. 34, relaxed by 10%, and treated with saturated steam at various temperatures for 30 seconds to determine the adhesive strengths.
  • the results are shown in Table 1.
  • the heating velocity was controlled so as that the temperature was raised from C. to predetermined temperature within 30 to 60 seconds.
  • the adhesive strength is shown in an average value of 10 samples.
  • the adhesive strength is highly influenced by the pressure and the tension at the adhering treatment as described above.
  • the adhesive strength of filament when the filament shrank by 10%, was determined.
  • the adhesion-beginning temperature and the adhesive strength are often varied by the shrinking percentage or relax ratio of the filament used.
  • a test of adhesivity under a constant load can be effected by suspending a weight to a sample filament.
  • it is most advantageous that a practical product is subjected to adhering treatment and then the adhesive strength is determined.
  • the adhesive strength can be determined in such a manner that a stocking knitted with the use of sample filaments is subjected to a crimp-developing treatment, and after dyeing, the stocking is further subjected to an adhering treatment (in this case, it is preferable to effect post boarding too), then the tension of unknitting is determined.
  • the adhesive strength between two kinds of filaments can be determined with the use of a two-feed knitting machine.
  • EXAMPLE 2 As component A, nylon-6 having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.20 in m-cresol was used. As component B, a copolymer of nylon 6 with polyhexamethyleneisophthalamide (hereinafter abridged as 61) in a copolymerization ratio (by weight) of 6/ 61:9/ 1, which had a melting point of about 192 C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.21 in mcresol, was used. As component C, the copolyamide 6/ 66 used in Example 1 was used.
  • component B a copolymer of nylon 6 with polyhexamethyleneisophthalamide (hereinafter abridged as 61) in a copolymerization ratio (by weight) of 6/ 61:9/ 1, which had a melting point of about 192 C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.21 in mcresol, was used.
  • component C the copolyamide 6/ 66 used in Example 1 was used.
  • Each filament was twisted at a rate of 100 t./m., wound on an aluminum bobbin, heat-set for minutes with saturated steam at 75 C., and then knitted into a plain stitched stocking by means of a conventional knitting machine for seamless stockings having 400 needles.
  • low shrinkable nylon-6 filaments of 50 d./ 16 f. were used for the welt, toe and heel, and the above-mentioned filaments were used for the leg.
  • the resulting stockings were called as stockings F, G, H and I corresponding to the filaments used for the legs respectively.
  • each stocking was treated with saturated steam at 100 C. for 30 minutes under tensionless state to develop crimps, packed and dyed in a Smith drum in a conventional manner.
  • the dyed stocking was placed in a form, and subjected to post boarding in such a manner that the temperature was raised from 80 C. to 116 C. in 30 seconds and maintained at 116 C. for 30 seconds by means of saturated steam to effect post boarding.
  • the stocking was taken out from the form and left to stand for 24 hours in a room maintained at 25 C. and 65% RH.
  • the resulting stocking had adhesive strengths of 5.8 g. (average value) in the ankle portion and 4.3 g. (average value) in the leg-top (upper leg) portion.
  • the adhered point densities of the obtained stockings are shown in Table 3.
  • the stocking I made of the filaments I has the most excellent stretchability.
  • the adhesion-beginning temperature Taa of nylon-6 component with the same nylon-6 component was higher than 125 C.
  • the of copolyamide 6/61 with another copolyamide 6/66 was 118 C.
  • Tca of copolyamide 6/ 66 with nylon-6 was 108 C., which shows that AT is 10 C.
  • component C a mixed polyamide obtained by melting 2 parts of copolymer 66/610 used in the component B together with 1 part of 61 (melting point: about 170 C.) was used.
  • a stocking was knitted with the use of the filaments I in the leg in the same manner as described in Example 2, and subjected to a crimp-developing treatment. After dyeing, the stocking was subjected to boarding with saturated steam at 118 C. for 45 seconds to obtain a stocking having excellent stretchability and run-resisting property.
  • EXAMPLE 4 As component A, polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 in o-chlorophenol at 30 C. was used. As component B, polyethylene-oxybenzoate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 was used. As component C, a copolyester of polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene adipate 70/30 (by weight) having a melting point of 188 C. was used. These three components were spun into a three-component filament in a conjugate ratio of 5 5 1 in the same manner as described in Example 3 and the resulting filament was drawn 3.6 times its original length on a draw pin at 105 C. to obtain filament K of 240 d./80 f.
  • a large number of filaments K were arranged uniformly to form a tow.
  • the tow was subjected to crimp-developing treatment in a relaxed state, while being passed through boiling water.
  • the tow was cut and dried to obtain crimped staple fibers of 5 cm. length.
  • substantially same crimped staple fibers were obtained.
  • a web was produced from the above-mentioned staple fibers and pressed by means of a hot roll at C. to obtain a fairly stretchable and bulky non-woven fabric. Test of elongation showed that the non-woven fabric had a reversible elongation of 45%. On the contrary, a nonwoven fabric produced from staple fibers composed only of the components A and C in a conjugate ratio of 10/1 had a reversible elongation of 17%.
  • a test piece having a width of 2 cm. and a length of 10 cm. is determined with respect to the recovering percentages for various elongations, and then the elongation showing 80% recovering percentage is multiplied by 0.8. in general, as the elongation is higher, the recovering 13 percentage lowers, so that the elongation showing 80% recovering percentage can be determined by plotting a relation between elongation and recovering percentage.
  • the decrease of strength caused by the adhesion can be obviated by the use of small amount of adhesive component, but the latent crimpability of the resulting filament is extremely poor, so that fibrous product having bulkiness and stretchability cannot be obtained.
  • the main components A and B show small decrease in the strength by the adhering treatment and have sufiicient latent crimpability, so that fibrous products, such as knit goods, woven fabrics, webs and non-woven fabrics, having excellent properties can be obtained.
  • polyester three-component filaments mention may be made of aromatic polyesters having a melting point higher than 240 C., for example, homopolyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-bis-methylcyclohexane terephthalate and the like, and copolyesters of said homopolyester with less than 10% by weight of the other copolymeric components.
  • component B mention may be made of polyesters, copolyesters, polyester-ethers, copolyester-ethers, and mixtures thereof, each having a melting point of 210 to 240 C.
  • component C mention may be made of polyesters having a softening point of 160 to 210 C.
  • component C adheres to the components-A and B at conjugate spinning, so that copolymers containing polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate and the like and polyester-ethers, such as polyethyleneoxybenzoate and the' like can be preferably used for the component C.
  • Nylon-6 having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.20 in mcresol at 25 C., and a copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.25 in m-cresol at 25 C. and consisting of 90 parts by Weight of nylon-6 and parts by weight of polyhexamethylene isophthalamide (hereinafter abridged as 6/6I) were used as spinning materials.
  • the two spinning materials were bonded and extruded through an orifice 3 into the air, cooled and taken up at a rate of 600 m./min. in a conventional manner, while oiling.
  • the taken up undrawn filaments were drawn 3.69 times their original length at room temperature to obtain filament F of 45 d./7 f., the unitary filament of which had a crosssectional view as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the same nylon-6 and the same copolymer 6/6I are conjugate spun in a conventional manner to obtain side-by-side relation two-component filament P of 45 d./ 7 f., the unitary filament of which had a conjugate ratio of l/1 and a cross-sectional view as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a sample having a length of I is dipped in boiling water for 10 minutes under no lead and then air-dried to obtain a shrunk filament having a length of 1
  • the shrinking percentage in hot water is calculated by the following formula:
  • Filament F obtained in Example 5 was twisted to 200 t./m., taken up on an aluminum bobbin and treated with saturated steam at 105 C. for 15 minutes to obtain filament F
  • Filament F obtained in Example 5 was twisted and treated in the same manner as described above to obtain filament F While, the filament F was twisted to 120 t./m., taken up on an aluminum bobbin and treated with saturated steam at C. for 15 minutes to obtain filament F
  • a plain stitched seamless stocking was knitted with the use of filaments F in welt, toe and heel, and filaments F in the leg by means of a knitting machine having 400 needles. Then the stocking was treated with saturated steam at C. for 20 minutes under tensionless state to develop crimps.
  • the welt had a color tone somewhat lighter than the leg, but in stocking H the welt had substantially the same color tone with the leg.
  • EXAMPLE 7 An experiment was carried out to produce self-adhesive filaments, in which surface area occupied by the adhesive component in a filament is reduced, as raw filaments for the production of run-resisting stockings.
  • Nylon-6 used in Example 5 and an adhesive component of a copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.1 in mcresol at 25 C. and consisting of 80 parts by weight of nylon-6 and 20 parts by weight of polyhexamethylene adipamide (hereinafter abridged as Copolymer 6/66) were used as spinning materials.
  • the two spinning materials were bonded and extruded through an orifice 3 into the air, cooled, and taken up at a rate of 600 m./min. in a conventional manner, while oiling.
  • the taken up undrawn filament was drawn 3.89 times its original length at room temperature to obtain filament F of d./monofilament.
  • Filament F had a cross-section as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a method for melt spinning composite filaments which comprises, flowing at least one synthetic mutually melt spinnable thermoplastic component selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, polyesteramides, polyacrylonitriles, polyolefins, polystyrenes, polycarbonates, polyesterethers, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and mixtures thereof in opposite directions to each other in two ducts, each connecting to a common conduit to combine the above two flows of said component, interposing a thin layer-like flow of another synthetic mutually melt spinnable thermoplastic component of shrinkability diiferent from the above component flowing in the two ducts and selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, polyesteramides, polyacrylonitriles, polyolefins, polystyrenes, polycarbonates, polyesterethers, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and mixtures thereof between said two opposite flows at the combined portion wherein said longitudinal duration of the cross section of said thin layer is perpendicular

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US7434A 1967-12-21 1970-01-12 Method for spinning composite filaments Expired - Lifetime US3639556A (en)

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JP8225667 1967-12-21
JP8225767 1967-12-21
JP7375268 1968-10-09

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US (1) US3639556A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1816138A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1599387A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1258760A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853977A (en) * 1972-02-24 1974-12-10 Kanebo Ltd Method for producing mixed filaments
US3916611A (en) * 1972-02-24 1975-11-04 Kanebo Ltd Mixed filament yarn
US4420534A (en) * 1980-06-06 1983-12-13 Kanebo Synthetic Fibers Ltd. Conductive composite filaments and methods for producing said composite filaments
US5308697A (en) * 1991-05-14 1994-05-03 Kanebo, Ltd. Potentially elastic conjugate fiber, production thereof, and production of fibrous structure with elasticity in expansion and contraction

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2342359A1 (fr) * 1976-02-27 1977-09-23 Rhone Poulenc Textile Fils " bilames " polyesters de frisure amelioree
FR2412627A1 (fr) * 1977-12-22 1979-07-20 Rhone Poulenc Textile Procede et dispositif pour l'obtention de fils a double constituant
DE9204514U1 (de) * 1992-04-02 1992-06-25 Dr. Alex Wellendorff GmbH & Co, 7530 Pforzheim Arm- oder Halsband
ITBS20090094A1 (it) * 2009-05-28 2010-11-29 Contifibre S P A Metodo per la costruzione di manufatti anti-smagliatura e indumento risultante

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853977A (en) * 1972-02-24 1974-12-10 Kanebo Ltd Method for producing mixed filaments
US3916611A (en) * 1972-02-24 1975-11-04 Kanebo Ltd Mixed filament yarn
US4420534A (en) * 1980-06-06 1983-12-13 Kanebo Synthetic Fibers Ltd. Conductive composite filaments and methods for producing said composite filaments
US5308697A (en) * 1991-05-14 1994-05-03 Kanebo, Ltd. Potentially elastic conjugate fiber, production thereof, and production of fibrous structure with elasticity in expansion and contraction

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GB1258760A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-30
FR1599387A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-15
DE1816138A1 (de) 1969-07-31
GB1258759A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-30

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