US3638368A - Inflatable shelter and method of erection - Google Patents

Inflatable shelter and method of erection Download PDF

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Publication number
US3638368A
US3638368A US17675A US1767570A US3638368A US 3638368 A US3638368 A US 3638368A US 17675 A US17675 A US 17675A US 1767570 A US1767570 A US 1767570A US 3638368 A US3638368 A US 3638368A
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United States
Prior art keywords
enclosure
reinforcing members
envelope
sheet material
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US17675A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert M Pierson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Environmental Structures Inc
Original Assignee
Environmental Structures Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Environmental Structures Inc filed Critical Environmental Structures Inc
Priority to US17675A priority Critical patent/US3638368A/en
Priority to ZA710773A priority patent/ZA71773B/xx
Priority to IL36194A priority patent/IL36194A/xx
Priority to DE19712108262 priority patent/DE2108262A1/de
Priority to ES1971194570U priority patent/ES194570Y/es
Priority to BR1237/71*[A priority patent/BR7101237D0/pt
Priority to DK93971AA priority patent/DK135549B/da
Priority to CH334571A priority patent/CH526692A/fr
Priority to FR7107922A priority patent/FR2081791B1/fr
Priority to NO872/71A priority patent/NO134535C/no
Priority to RO66185A priority patent/RO62055A/ro
Priority to BE764015A priority patent/BE764015A/xx
Priority to NL7103136A priority patent/NL7103136A/xx
Priority to JP1271271A priority patent/JPS5424211B1/ja
Priority to GB2155971A priority patent/GB1315474A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3638368A publication Critical patent/US3638368A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H15/22—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure supported by air pressure inside the tent

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A lightweight flexible inflatable shelter for enclosing large areas in applications such as greenhouses, warehouses, recreation areas and other large enclosures, and in various methods of air and water pollution control.
  • the shelter has an envelope of lightweight, low-modulus sheet material such as stretchable fabric or plastic film having high elongation properties.
  • the sheet material is restrained by a cable grid system having heavy-duty, longitudinal parallel cables running in one direction and lighter parallel cables running transversely across the longitudinal cables.
  • the cable grid system is tethered to restraint cables or masts at spaced points throughout the structure to restrain the grid system and the sheet material at predetermined elevations from the ground and cause the building, when inflated, to form a plurality of substantially identical dome-shaped root sections, with the cable grid system and the tether restraint means unifonnly distributing stresses throughout the structure.
  • the shelter may be completely assembled on the site by erecting a series of perpendicular masts, draping the cable grid system across the tops of the masts, attaching long strips of sheet material between the rows of draped cables, anchoring the ends of the cables and the sheet material to the ground and inducing internal inflation pressure into the assembled structure.
  • An important object of this invention is to provide a lightweight, inexpensive inflatable structure for covering large areas which may be easily erected at a minimum expense from simple components assembled on site in any desired location and which requires a minimum of skill in erecting the assembly.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a shelter which will withstand high wind loads.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a shelter which can use sheet material in rolls of uniform width and does not require the cutting of special gores or segments of any particular shape or prefabrication of complex subassemblies prior to shipment to erection site.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an inflatable shelter in which the individual strips of sheet material may be easily removed and replaced without replacing the entire flexible cover of the entire shelter.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a shelter which may be erected on uneven terrain and over obstructions such as trees, buildingsand other large objects.
  • An even further object of the invention is to provide a lowcost shelter of such size that it may enclose large areas in the control of air and water pollution.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating one of the basic modular units of the shelter
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an inflated shelter containing a group of the modular units shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective diagrammatic view showing the building tether point geometry in which the tether points lie in a flat plane;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view similar to FIG. 3 but showing the tether point geometry of a structure having the tether points lying in a cylindrical plane;
  • FIG. 5 is still another diagrammatic perspective view showing a spherical tether point geometry
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view through a shelter constructed according to the present invention showing the means of adapting the shelter to fit over irregular terram;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a shelter in the process of erection
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a connector joining together a main cable and a smaller auxiliary cable
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 9 but showing a means for clamping the cables within the connector to prevent sliding of the cables with respect to the connector;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a cable connector with a means for attaching one of the vertical tether cables.
  • the building I is made up of a plurality of individual dome-shaped modules 2, one of which is shown individually in FIG. I. By combining any one of the modules 2 in side-by-side relationship, any size area may be covered, depending upon the number of modules used.
  • an assembled building is comprised of a cable grid system indicated generally by the numeral 3, having heavy-duty longitudinal cables 4 which are arranged substantially parallel to each other in a generally horizontal plane and a plurality of auxiliary transverse light-duty cables 5 crossing the longitudinal cables at substantially 90 angles.
  • a plurality of internal restraint members 6 are connected at various equally spaced tether points 7 along the length of the longitudinal cables 4 and are anchored at their opposite end to similarly anchor points 8 along the ground.
  • Part of the internal restraint members 6 may be tether cables or other flexible members and part of the restraint members may be rigid posts or masts, the purpose of which will be described later in the specification.
  • cable as used herein in describing cables 4, 5 and 6 or any others, is defined as any flexible relatively nonextensible load-carrying member, rope cord, band chain, etc., of steel, rubberized glass, plastic or other material.
  • An envelope 9 made up of individual strips 10 of extensible stretchable film or fabric is connected to the grid system 3 with all the ends of the cables4 and 5 and of the envelope strips 10 anchored around the periphery of the building 1 in such manner as to form a substantiallyairtight structure which may be inflated by inducing internal pressure into the building.
  • the envelope 9 will be described in more detail later in the specification.
  • the grid system 3 will determine the shape of and restrain the envelope 9 and cause it to form a plurality of the dome-shaped modules 2 as previously described. Since the means of anchoring the cables and the envelope material do not form a part of this invention, they ,will not be described in detail.
  • the building I may be equipped with inflation means such as blowers ll, shown in FIG. 2, and one or more access doors, such as the door 12 mounted in a frame 13 attached to the envelope 9.
  • inflation means such as blowers ll, shown in FIG. 2
  • access doors such as the door 12 mounted in a frame 13 attached to the envelope 9.
  • the lightweight auxiliary cables 5 of the grid system 3 are positioned much closer together than the heavy-duty longitudinal cables 4. By positioning the auxiliary cables 5 closer together, this permits a better load distribution from the envelope 9 and improves the restraint characteristics of the overall grid system 3. Moreover, the dual-size cable system is much less costly than for a grid system of cables of identical size in both directions, having similar load capacity.
  • the cable tensions and anchoring forces are dependent upon the size and shape of the basic tethered module 2 and are directly proportional to the inflation pressure. Longitudinal and transverse cable tensions are readily calculable since the cable shape in each direction approaches that of a circular arc.
  • the transverse cable tension, 7" is found to be:
  • the flexible low-modulus envelope material is assumed to carry none of the tension between the longitudinal cables 4.
  • FIG. 4 Another ideal but less practical tether point geometry is that of a pure cylindrical element as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the basic drawback to using this shape is that continuous equilibrium conditions are upset when an attempt is made to provide ends on the building. Solid walls are a solution for the ends, but add greatly to the other relatively low cost of a pure grid-envelope structure.
  • the final shape to be considered for possible overall tether point shaping is that of the spherical element shown in FIG. 5.
  • the envelope 9 or pressurized shell of the inflated structure has been defined as an extensible, stretchable impervious fabric or film, or a combination of the two which is impermeable to air and which restrains internal inflation pressure.
  • the ability of the envelope 9 to stretch in at least one direction is basic to the concept. Module size and shape and the internal pressure determine envelope stresses and elongation requirements.
  • the two cable grid system 3 permits the envelope 9 to stretch in the direction of longitudinal cables 4 while the lightduty transverse cables 5 restrain the envelope 9 from stretching in the transverse direction.
  • the stress per unit width, s, in pounds per foot in the longitudinal direction of the envelope, where the envelope 9 must stretch to meet the longitudinal restraining cables 4, is found to be:
  • R radius of curvature of the envelope film in the longitudinal direction, in feet
  • the stress in the transverse direction depends upon the method of construction used and the distance between the transverse cables 5 and is calculable for any particular case. Two-way stretch methods of construction are feasible, but will put increased demands on the envelope material. Special reinforcing of highly stressed areas may be required.
  • an envelope for a particular building, the following material properties should be considered: trapezoidal tear strength, tensile strength, elongation, impact strength, variation of properties due to changing temperature, weight, ease of handling, porosity, insulating properties, color, ultraviolet resistance, soil corrosion resistance, dirt resistance, and hardware abrasion resistance. Fire retardance is also important, although it has been found that inflation pressure serves to rapidly extinguish any flame in the envelope.
  • the envelope 9 can be prefabricated to cover a portion of a module or one or more entire modules, or, preferably, it can be entirely field fabricated at the building site.
  • Various methods of fastening the envelope seams are possible, including lacing, zippering, heat sealing, cementing, mechanical clamping, taping, or any combination of these and other methods.
  • One effective method of fastening the envelope strips 10 to the cables 5 is described in applicants previously filed copending application, Ser. No. 850,826.
  • All tethering points 7 should be evenly spaced along the longitudinal cables, and also should be evenly spaced in the transverse direction.
  • the tethering points 7 should fall on the surface of some continuous geometrical shape which is either a plane or a pure cylinder for ideal equilibrium conditions. Other shapes or combinations of shapes are possible, but these depart from the simple ideal case and require special engineering.
  • all cables should have a constant radius of curvature between tether points throughout the entire length of each cable.
  • the film must elongate in at least one direction to permit shaping, bidirectional elongation is preferred.
  • the film should elongate in the same ratio in any given path throughout the building for ideal conditions.
  • a building should preferably be constructed with identically shaped modules which are formed by evenly distributed, symmetrically oriented tethering points.
  • the principal exception to the identically shaped module condition is at the sides of the building as shown in FIG. 6, where the last module can be extended or shortened in one direction to meet the ground where it can be anchored without affecting equilibrium.
  • This inherent characteristic of the structure makes it readily adaptable for covering uneven terrain.
  • the building 1 may be erected on uneven terrain by varying the lengths of the cables 6 to compensate for variations in ground level and cause the tether points to lie in a horizontal plane.
  • An important condition for stability here is that the inclination angle a which the side of the structure makes with a horizontal plane is at all times less than 90.
  • the necessity for limiting the inclination angle to less than 90 comes from wind loading considerations.
  • the ability of the structure to maintain stability under aerodynamic loading is dependent upon inflation pressure which shapes and pretensions the envelope 9 and cable grid system 3. It has been found that for conventional single module ground-mounted structures biased on nonstretchable fabric, the minimum inflation pressure for aerodynamic stability is 50 percent of the dynamic impact pressure of the wind velocity.
  • the minimum design velocity recommended for air supported structures is 60 mph.
  • a calculated design inflation pressure of 0.88 inches of water (50 percent of the dynamic impact pressure) would be required for stability.
  • a built-in defense against winds is inherent in enclosures with distendable envelopes, and derives from the slight change in internal volume that accompanies variations in the internal pressure.
  • films of plasticized poly vinyl chloride containing at least 20 percent plasticizer, polyurethane rubber and flexible acrylic ester copolymers containing at least 60 percent 2 ethyl hexyl acrylate, each having ultimate elongations over 200 percent, have satisfied the requirements of high elongation and low modulus better than have films of low elongation, such as Mylar.
  • FIG. 7 The method of erecting a building of the type shown in FIG. 2 is best illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • a plurality of vertical rigid masts 14 are positioned in rows and suitably anchored to the ground.
  • the tops of each row of masts 14 are connected together by the heavy-duty longitudinal cables 4.
  • the transverse lightweight cables 5 are then draped across the longitudinal cables 4 and the ends of all the cables are anchored to the ground around the periphery of the area to be covered by the building.
  • strips 10 of the envelope material may be draped over the longitudinal cables 4 with each of the strips 10 lying between a pair of cables 5.
  • the strips 10 are then fastened to each other and to the cable 5 adjacent totheir edges to form an airtight seam along each of the cables 5.
  • the strips 10 are being unrolled from a roll 15 of plastic material of uniform width. This permits easy onsite erection without the need for cutting the envelope material into special shapes or sizes.
  • the strips 10 are simply rolled out to the desired length and cut off.
  • the remaining transverse cables 5 will be added and a strip 10 of envelope material will be fastened between each adjacent pair of cables 5.
  • the building 1 is inflated at a low pressure to cause the envelope to approach its final inflated contour.
  • the internal pressure of the building 1 may preferably be alternately increased and decreased a number of times while the tension adjustment of cables and envelope material are made.
  • the internal pressure of the building 1 may preferably be alternately increased and decreased a number of times while the tension adjustment of cables and envelope material are made.
  • FIG. 8 shows the use of a combination of both rigid masts l4 and flexible restraint cables 6 attached to one of the heavy-duty longitudinal cables 4 at various tether points 7 which lie in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the cables 4 and may be slidably connected together by a connector 16 comprised of a pair of cylindrical sleeve members 17 and 18 which conform in size to the diameter of the cables 4 and 5.
  • a similar connector 19 is shown in which sleeves 20 and 21 equipped with a pair of clamp jaws 22 and 23 may be tightened against the cables 4 and 5 by tightening bolts 24 and 25 respectively to force the jaws 22 and 23 against the cables and thereby prevent the cables from sliding longitudinally with respect to the connector 19.
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a connector 26 which is substantially identical to the connector 16 in FIG. 9 but which is fitted with a downwardly extending eyelet 27 to receive the looped end of one of the tether cables 6.
  • the connector fittings shown in FIGS. 9 through 11 are merely one example of a manner of connecting together the various cables in the grid system 3 and the tether restraint cables 6.
  • Various other means may be used without departing from the scope of the invention. It should be realized that so long as the basic grid system described herein it utilized in combination with the extensible envelope material, many variations may be made in the overall building configuration, including the number of modules, the pattern formed by the tether points, and the type of additional accessories used with the building.
  • the envelope film and cables defining the exterior contour of the enclosure can also terminate at a peripheral wall around either the entire, or a portion of the periphery, as well as to the ground.
  • Enclosures of this invention because of their exceptionally low cost, will find many applications related to pollution control and to improving quality of inhabited environments. Uses for controlling pollution will tend to be less than acres in size and not inhabited, and will contain the pollution and trap it in some way to prevent its going outside. Such uses would include rubbish disposal dumps, where the dust and odors attending such operations are filtered out; settling ponds for sewage plants; manufacturing facilities that are sources of noxious eflluvia.
  • inhabited enclosures providing controlled environment for those inside will be able to provide clean air at minimum cost by virtue of the ease with which all incoming air can be washed and filtered, and by requiring that major sources of objectionable gases or particulate matter within the enclosure be required to vent directly outside the enclosure, rather than be released inside.
  • An inflatable enclosure having its lower peripheral edges attached to a base, the enclosure comprising:
  • auxiliary reinforcing members extending transversely across the main reinforcing members, said auxiliary members being substantially parallel to each other and to a second opposedpajrgf perifleralgdges of the enclosure,
  • main reinforcing members and auxiliary reinforcing members being attached to each other at their points of intersection, and
  • C. a cover envelope comprising: I
  • each adjacent strip of sheet material being connected to an auxiliary reinforcing member common to both adjacent edges, the connection forming an airtight seam between the adjacent edges
  • D. means supplying internal inflation pressure to the interior of the shelter in excess of atmospheric pressure
  • cover envelope is made of an extensible, low-modulus plastic material with high elongation properties.
  • An inflatable enclosure having its lower peripheral edges attached to a base, the enclosure comprising:
  • a second set of flexible, inextensible, reinforcing members extending transversely across the first set of reinforcing members to form intersections therewith, the members of said second set being substantially parallel to each other and to a second opposed pair of peripheral edges of the enclosure,
  • tether restraint means connected to spaced locations along the reinforcing members and to similar spaced locations on the base aligned substantially parallel to the peripheral edges of the enclosure to hold the reinforcing members at a predetermined distance from the base when the enclosure is inflated;
  • a cover envelope comprising:
  • D. means supplying internal inflation pressure to the interior of the envelope in excess of atmospheric pressure
  • F the extensible sheet material of the envelope stretching at least in some parts thereof upon inflation of the envelope to adjust the envelope dimensions to the dimensions of the reinforcing grid.
  • An inflatable enclosure as claimed in claim 10 wherein the cover envelope is made of an extensible, low-modulus plastic material with high elongation properties.
  • An inflatable enclosure having its lower peripheral edges attached to a base, the enclosure comprising:
  • tether means connected to spaced locations along each main reinforcing member and to similar spaced locations on the base aligned substantially parallel to the first opposed pair of peripheral edges of the enclosure to hold each main reinforcing member at a predetermined distance from the base when the enclosure is inflated;
  • a cover envelope comprising:
  • D. means supplying internal inflation pressure to the interior of the envelope in excess of atmospheric pressure; and E. the relative positions of the tether means with respect to the peripheral edges of the enclosure and the reinforcing members of the grid causing the envelope when inflated to conform to the shape of a plurality of dome shaped modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
US17675A 1970-03-09 1970-03-09 Inflatable shelter and method of erection Expired - Lifetime US3638368A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17675A US3638368A (en) 1970-03-09 1970-03-09 Inflatable shelter and method of erection
ZA710773A ZA71773B (en) 1970-03-09 1971-02-08 Inflatable shelter and method of erection
IL36194A IL36194A (en) 1970-03-09 1971-02-15 Inflatable shelter and method of erection thereof
DE19712108262 DE2108262A1 (de) 1970-03-09 1971-02-18 Aufpumpbare Umkleidung und Verfahren zum Aufrichten derselben
ES1971194570U ES194570Y (es) 1970-03-09 1971-02-18 Una disposicion de refugio inflable fijado a una base.
DK93971AA DK135549B (da) 1970-03-09 1971-03-01 Oppumpelig hal.
BR1237/71*[A BR7101237D0 (pt) 1970-03-09 1971-03-01 Abrigo inflavel e processo de erecao
FR7107922A FR2081791B1 (de) 1970-03-09 1971-03-08
CH334571A CH526692A (fr) 1970-03-09 1971-03-08 Enceinte gonflable
NO872/71A NO134535C (de) 1970-03-09 1971-03-08
RO66185A RO62055A (de) 1970-03-09 1971-03-09
BE764015A BE764015A (fr) 1970-03-09 1971-03-09 Structure gonflable, utilisable comme batiment
NL7103136A NL7103136A (de) 1970-03-09 1971-03-09
JP1271271A JPS5424211B1 (de) 1970-03-09 1971-03-09
GB2155971A GB1315474A (en) 1970-03-09 1971-04-19 Inflatable enclosure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17675A US3638368A (en) 1970-03-09 1970-03-09 Inflatable shelter and method of erection

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3638368A true US3638368A (en) 1972-02-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17675A Expired - Lifetime US3638368A (en) 1970-03-09 1970-03-09 Inflatable shelter and method of erection

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US3638368A (de)
JP (1) JPS5424211B1 (de)
BE (1) BE764015A (de)
BR (1) BR7101237D0 (de)
CH (1) CH526692A (de)
DE (1) DE2108262A1 (de)
DK (1) DK135549B (de)
ES (1) ES194570Y (de)
FR (1) FR2081791B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1315474A (de)
IL (1) IL36194A (de)
NL (1) NL7103136A (de)
NO (1) NO134535C (de)
RO (1) RO62055A (de)
ZA (1) ZA71773B (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4068404A (en) * 1975-12-17 1978-01-17 Sheldon Robert T Shade-producing structure and method
US4167086A (en) * 1978-06-23 1979-09-11 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Eccentricity eliminating cable-fabric connection apparatus for air supported roof structures
US4271641A (en) * 1978-03-06 1981-06-09 Taiyo Kogyo Company Limited Tension structure
US4850134A (en) * 1979-11-28 1989-07-25 Snekkenes Torbjorn A Growth chamber with solar energy absorber
US6070366A (en) * 1999-01-04 2000-06-06 Pierson; Robert M Air supported enclosure and method of assembly
US6571815B1 (en) * 2001-07-24 2003-06-03 Jimmy Hill Sun shield
US6658811B2 (en) * 2001-04-25 2003-12-09 Lothar Bitschnau Method of erecting a building ceiling
US20070120348A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Muhamed Semiz Structure with space applications and methods of construction thereof
US20080307719A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Murray Ellen Domed non-steel roof frame
US20080307718A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Murray Ellen Domed steel roof frame
US8528266B2 (en) * 2010-03-16 2013-09-10 The Square Company Pty Ltd. Domed non-steel roof structure
USD794835S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-08-15 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD796069S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-08-29 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD796699S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-09-05 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD797318S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-09-12 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
US20180050784A1 (en) * 2015-03-10 2018-02-22 Antoine Marcel PAULUS Mobile artificial cloud
US20220211149A1 (en) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-07 JOHN Adams LEE Multipurpose Floating Weather Canopy

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2188937B1 (de) * 1972-06-21 1974-12-27 Sales Jean Mich5L
AT378560B (de) * 1983-06-03 1985-08-26 Voest Alpine Krems Grossflaechige, horizontale abdeckung
JP5265328B2 (ja) * 2008-12-16 2013-08-14 大成建設株式会社 空気膜構造物
DE102018132872B4 (de) * 2018-12-19 2021-03-25 aem - GmbH Netzanordnung, Strömungskanal mit der Netzanordnung und Abstandshalter

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US2881718A (en) * 1954-02-19 1959-04-14 Stromeyer & Co Gmbh L Undulating tensioned roof construction
US3123085A (en) * 1964-03-03 demarteau
US3169542A (en) * 1962-01-17 1965-02-16 Frankenstein & Sons Manchester Inflatable buildings
US3277614A (en) * 1962-10-08 1966-10-11 Pierre Georges Robert Pneumatic girders and frameworks
CH436677A (de) * 1964-05-16 1967-05-31 Bruegge Heinz Von einem inneren Luftüberdruck getragene Halle
US3381424A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-05-07 Byron C. Butler Protective construction for lessening the weight of accumulated snow loads on the roofs of buildings, mobile homes, and other dwellings
US3390491A (en) * 1966-07-20 1968-07-02 Garrett Corp Inflatable electromagnetically shielded enclosure
US3391504A (en) * 1967-03-13 1968-07-09 Terence W. Mclorg Air supported shelter
SE318700B (de) * 1965-06-16 1969-12-15 Herman G Ab
US3496686A (en) * 1967-11-30 1970-02-24 Birdair Structures Weather-tight enclosure system

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FR655445A (fr) * 1928-06-06 1929-04-18 Cellule ou édifice pneumatique utilisable pour la construction et autres applications
US3116746A (en) * 1958-06-02 1964-01-07 Birdair Structures Sectionalized air supported structures
NL273961A (de) * 1962-01-25 1964-09-10
FR1315693A (fr) * 1962-02-23 1963-01-18 édifice pneumatique
FR1450617A (fr) * 1965-06-22 1966-06-24 Structures constructives spéciales formées de voiles ou treillis tendus suivant deux directions orthogonales

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123085A (en) * 1964-03-03 demarteau
US2881718A (en) * 1954-02-19 1959-04-14 Stromeyer & Co Gmbh L Undulating tensioned roof construction
US3169542A (en) * 1962-01-17 1965-02-16 Frankenstein & Sons Manchester Inflatable buildings
US3277614A (en) * 1962-10-08 1966-10-11 Pierre Georges Robert Pneumatic girders and frameworks
CH436677A (de) * 1964-05-16 1967-05-31 Bruegge Heinz Von einem inneren Luftüberdruck getragene Halle
SE318700B (de) * 1965-06-16 1969-12-15 Herman G Ab
US3381424A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-05-07 Byron C. Butler Protective construction for lessening the weight of accumulated snow loads on the roofs of buildings, mobile homes, and other dwellings
US3390491A (en) * 1966-07-20 1968-07-02 Garrett Corp Inflatable electromagnetically shielded enclosure
US3391504A (en) * 1967-03-13 1968-07-09 Terence W. Mclorg Air supported shelter
US3496686A (en) * 1967-11-30 1970-02-24 Birdair Structures Weather-tight enclosure system

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4068404A (en) * 1975-12-17 1978-01-17 Sheldon Robert T Shade-producing structure and method
US4271641A (en) * 1978-03-06 1981-06-09 Taiyo Kogyo Company Limited Tension structure
US4167086A (en) * 1978-06-23 1979-09-11 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Eccentricity eliminating cable-fabric connection apparatus for air supported roof structures
US4850134A (en) * 1979-11-28 1989-07-25 Snekkenes Torbjorn A Growth chamber with solar energy absorber
US6070366A (en) * 1999-01-04 2000-06-06 Pierson; Robert M Air supported enclosure and method of assembly
US6658811B2 (en) * 2001-04-25 2003-12-09 Lothar Bitschnau Method of erecting a building ceiling
US6571815B1 (en) * 2001-07-24 2003-06-03 Jimmy Hill Sun shield
US7770332B2 (en) 2005-11-30 2010-08-10 Muhamed Semiz Structure with space applications and methods of construction thereof
US20070120348A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Muhamed Semiz Structure with space applications and methods of construction thereof
US8381457B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2013-02-26 S2 Holdings Pty Limited Domed steel roof frame
US20080307718A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Murray Ellen Domed steel roof frame
US20100251631A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-10-07 Murray Ellen Domed Non-Steel Roof Frame
US20100269421A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-10-28 Murray Ellen Domed Steel Roof Frame
US8381456B2 (en) * 2007-06-13 2013-02-26 S2 Holdings Pty Limited Domed non-steel roof frame
US20080307719A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Murray Ellen Domed non-steel roof frame
US8528266B2 (en) * 2010-03-16 2013-09-10 The Square Company Pty Ltd. Domed non-steel roof structure
USD794835S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-08-15 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD796069S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-08-29 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD796699S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-09-05 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
USD797318S1 (en) 2014-12-23 2017-09-12 Awi Licensing Llc Architectual ceiling panel apparatus
US20180050784A1 (en) * 2015-03-10 2018-02-22 Antoine Marcel PAULUS Mobile artificial cloud
US20220211149A1 (en) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-07 JOHN Adams LEE Multipurpose Floating Weather Canopy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2081791A1 (de) 1971-12-10
CH526692A (fr) 1972-08-15
DE2108262A1 (de) 1972-01-13
IL36194A (en) 1974-05-16
DK135549B (da) 1977-05-16
DK135549C (de) 1977-10-24
IL36194A0 (en) 1971-04-28
ES194570Y (es) 1975-04-16
ES194570U (es) 1974-12-16
FR2081791B1 (de) 1974-05-31
NO134535B (de) 1976-07-19
NL7103136A (de) 1971-09-13
JPS5424211B1 (de) 1979-08-20
ZA71773B (en) 1971-10-27
BR7101237D0 (pt) 1973-10-25
NO134535C (de) 1976-10-27
GB1315474A (en) 1973-05-02
BE764015A (fr) 1971-08-02
RO62055A (de) 1977-06-15

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