US3636318A - Verifiable identification document - Google Patents

Verifiable identification document Download PDF

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Publication number
US3636318A
US3636318A US836000A US3636318DA US3636318A US 3636318 A US3636318 A US 3636318A US 836000 A US836000 A US 836000A US 3636318D A US3636318D A US 3636318DA US 3636318 A US3636318 A US 3636318A
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United States
Prior art keywords
document
pattern
ferromagnetic material
zone
finely divided
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US836000A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunnar Lindstrom
Gunde Schullstrom
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Saab AB
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Saab AB
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/21—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/309—Photographs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/08—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
    • G06K19/10—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
    • G07C9/23—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder by means of a password
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/086—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1025—Identification of user by a PIN code
    • G07F7/1058—PIN is checked locally
    • G07F7/1066—PIN data being compared to data on card
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/318—Signatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
    • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A document used to assert a personal right has a randomized unique pattern of normally invisible but mechanically detectable material (e.g., finely divided ferromagnetic material) in a zone overlapping any visible indicia identifying the owner.
  • the document is presented to a mechanical reader which 1 scans the pattern along predetermined lines and records resultant output signals, along with an identifying record. Upon subsequent presentation, it is similarly scanned, for comparison with the recording to confirm its authenticity. Methods of producing appropriate patterns are disclosed.
  • SHEET 3 [IF 4 INVENTORS Gunner LmdsZr/a'm nude 5': uZZsird-j'm VERIFIABLE IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENT
  • This invention relates to personal identification documents, such as drivers licenses and credit cards, thatare used by an individual to assert or confirm a personal right that he possesses; and the invention relates more particularly to a method of verifying an individual's entitlement to a personal right, an identification document that embodies means for verifying its authenticity, and the method of manufacturing such a document and verifying its authenticity.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive document of the character described that is readily verifiable as to authenticity.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide means for obtaining verification of a document of the character described with both great rapidity and great accuracy, and without the need for reliance upon a human agents evaluation of the authenticity of the document.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the visible features of a document embodying the principles of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the document shown in FIG. 1, showing the normally invisible random pattern of finely divided mechanically detectable material that characterizes the document of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the document shown in FIG. 1, with thickness greatly exaggerated;
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional graph representing output .signals obtained from a mechanical reading device scanning across the patten of FIG. 2 along the lines a--a and b-b;
  • FIG. 5 is a more or less diagrammatic perspective view of reading and recording apparatus that s used in verifying the genuineness of a document such as that shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view through the scanning head of the reader shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken on the plane of the line 7-7 in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a view generally similar to FIG. 2 but illustrating a modified form of pattern of mechanically detectable material
  • FIG. 9 illustrates another modified form of pattern of mechanically detectable material
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view, greatly exaggerated in thickness, of the document shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a three dimensional graph representing output signals obtained from a mechanical reading device moved across the pattern of FIG. 9 along the lines cc and d-.-d;
  • FIG. 12 depicts another modified form of pattern of mechanically detectable material incorporated in a document embodying the principles of this invention.
  • the numeral 5 designates generally a'document such as a'drivers license which an individual carries on his person and presents whenever he has occasion to confirm or assert a right personal to him.
  • the document 5 illustrated in FIG. 1 contains certain visible data that identify its rightful possessor, such as his photograph 6 and his signature 7, and it contains other visible data appropriate to its nature and purpose, such as a magnetically readable registration number 8.
  • a document having identifying indicia such as a photograph tends to confirm the identity of the person presenting it but does not confirm its own authenticity, since the document may be a forgery or may have been altered, as by replacing the photograph of its original owner with that of a person who has come into unauthorized possession of it. Therefore, to provide for confirmation that it is genuine, the document of the present invention has incorporated in it a finely divided material which is normally invisible but which is mechanically detectable (e.g., ferromagnetic material), arranged in a distinctive pattern across a zone of the document that includes its personal identification data.
  • a finely divided material which is normally invisible but which is mechanically detectable (e.g., ferromagnetic material)
  • the document illustrated in FIGS. I3 comprises a thin but relatively stifi base 9 of cardboard, sheet plastic or the like, to which is secured the photograph 6, which can be an ordinary print on paper-base material.
  • the photograph Before the photograph is bonded to the base 9, there is applied to the predetermined area of the base that will include at least a substantial portion of the photograph a random scattering or distribution of finely divided ferromagnetic material II, which can be made to adhere to the base by first covering the front surface of the base with a thin coating of a bonding agent.
  • the pattern can be formed on a thin, transparent cover film 12 that is bonded flatwise across the front face of the base and over the photograph. Because the finely divided ferromagnetic material on the cover film 12 comprises only a thin, invisible layer, it does not interfere with examination of the photograph. Any attempt to remove the photograph with require that the film 12 be first removed, thus destroying or altering the pattern.
  • the pattern of ferromagnetic material could be a composite one, provided by a coating on the front surface of the base, extending beneath the photograph, and another on a cover film overlying the base and the photograph.
  • the ferromagnetic material is magnetized in a reader I4 to which the document is presented and which comprises a magnetic reading head 15 and means for taking readings at predetermined stepwise intervals along parallel scan lines extending in one or more directions across the surface of the document.
  • the reader detects different magnetic intensities in different parts of the pattern, in accordance with the density and distribution of the ferromagnetic material in the pattern, and it produces electrical output signals corresponding to these different magnetic densities, which output signals are transferred to a recorder 16 that can comprise the memory bank of a data processing computer 17. In the memory bank the output signals produce a record which is a coded representation of the pattern and which is readily accessible for future reference.
  • the magnetically readable registration number 8 on the document 5 is outside the zone of the pattern, so that it can be automatically read substantially simultaneously with scanning of the pattern, without interference from the ferromagnetic material defining the pattern, and can be recorded in association with the pattern record.
  • the document After recording, the document is demagnetized and is delivered to the person for whom it was prepared. When he subsequently presents the document to assert the right that it establishes, his identity will be confirmed by the photograph and other identification material on it, and the authenticity of the document can be verified by presenting it to a reader similar to the reader 14, connected with the memory bank 16 or otherwise associated with the record or a copy of the record to enable the pattern on the document to be compared with the record of it.
  • the reading head I5 of the reader 14 can comprise a bank of head elements arranged in groups of three, each group comprising (as illustrated in FIG. 6) a magnetizing head 19, a detecting head 20 and an erasing head 21; and the groups can be arranged in a row (as illustrated in FIG. 7) for taking readings along predetermined lines across the document.
  • the reading head is carried on an arm 24 that is mounted the swing in an arc across the document, about the axis 25. As the arm swings, it carries the groups of heads across the surface of the document in concentric arcs, with any point on one of said arms being successively passes over by a magnetizing head, a detecting head and an erasing head.
  • the output signals from the several detecting heads are fed into the memory bank 16 through an amplifier 23.
  • Certain types of documents preferably carry no identification of the person authorized to use them, as for example a bank account card that could be misused if it became lost and were found by an unscrupulous person who might use it if he knew the identity of its rightful owner.
  • a document of that type which is represented by FIGS. 9 and 12, can advantageously embody the principles of this invention, but the visible data on it would be such as would merely signify its nature or purpose for the owners convenience, without disclosing his identity.
  • the significant information on such a document would be that contained in a unique pattern of mechanically detectable but invisible material, in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 4 represents the output signals that would issue from a reader as it scanned the pattern shown in FIG. 2 along the lines 11-11 and bb.
  • the reader and recorder must both be of good quality.
  • the recorded codification of the pattern must be of such character that deviations within certain prescribed tolerance limits will be accepted, in order to allow for tolerance and deviations in the various reading devices to which the document may he presented from time to time.
  • the amplifier 23 for each reading device can be adjusted to compensate to some extent for individual differences in the reader.
  • the pattern can be interrupted by well-defined lines of discontinuity 27, as illustrated in FIG. 8. These lines can be formed by scoring or scraping the coatings of ferromagnetic material and binder on the base 5 or cover film 12, or by scattering the ferromagnetic film onto the coating of binder through a screen of appropriate mesh that closely overlies the binder.
  • the output signal from the reader will have sharp, stepwise changes whenever a line is crossed in the course of scanning, thus affording a recording that has well defined characteristics corresponding to the lines and varying values for the areas of material between the lines.
  • a pattern which lends itself to very definite discrimination is illustrated in FIG. 9 and consists of more or less jagged lines of ferromagnetic material.
  • a pattern is formed on each of two pattern carriers 27 that are flatwise fastened together with their lines extending generally transversely to one another.
  • One of the pattern carriers 27 can comprise the base 9 and the other can be a cover film l2 overlying the base.
  • the preferred method of forming such a pattern is to apply a coating of crackle lacquer or the like to a very thin sheet of aluminum of an aluminum alloy having a nonuniform grain structure, and then tension the sheet in one direction to cause cracks to develop in the lacquer, which cracks extend generally parallel to one another but are irregular and nonuniform and thus define a unique random pattern.
  • the finely divided ferromagnetic material, mixed in a fluid binding agent is applied to the lacquered surface, and a magnet is placed below the sheet to draw the material down into the cracks.
  • the excess material is then wiped off the sheet and the binder is allowed to harden, after which a pair of card-size pattern carriers are cut from the sheet and bonded together with their lines transverse to one another to form a card which can be embedded in plastic.
  • the jagged lines of magnetic material are at two different levels, and therefore the finished document produces output signals at three different levels, as indicated by FIG. 11, which depicts and signals produced in scanning along the lines c-c and d-d in FIG. 9.
  • the lowest signal level A will occur in the zones where neither of the pattern carriers directly beneath a reading head has a crack; intermediate level signals A will occur when there is only one thickness of ferromagnetic material beneath the head; and signals of a high level A will be produced where lines of ferromagnetic material cross one another beneath the head to afiord a double thickness of material.
  • a unique pattern has been produced by feeding a sheet of pattern carrier material, having a more or less uniform coating of ferromagnetic material mixed in a binder, beneath a group of spaced-apart styli that are individually and randomly actuated by a data processing computer, to produce a pattern of parallel scratches 28 that are interrupted at irregular random intervals.
  • individual pattern carriers can be cut from the sheet thus processed, superimposed upon one another, and embedded in plastic to form documents.
  • finely divided ferromagnetic material is only one example of an invisible but mechanically detectable material suitable for employment in connection with the present invention. It is possible to use, instead, materials having electrical resistance or capacitance characteristics, or a fluorescent or other photoresponsive material; and in such cases the reader will of course be adapted to respond to the particular type of material used.
  • this invention provides a method of identifying an individual and confirming his entitlement to a personal right, a readily verified personal document for confirming an individuals entitlement to a personal right, and a simple and inexpensive method of manufacturing such a document.
  • a document of the type intended to be carried by an individual and presented to verify or assert a right personal to him said document being of the type having finely divided magnetized ferromagnetic material concealed in a predetermined zone thereof that presents a distinctive pattern of magnetization to mechanical detector means by which the document can be verified, said document being characterized by:
  • the ferromagnetic material being distributed in said zone in a scattered random pattern of nonuniformly varying densities of such material.
  • the ferromagnetic material being sandwiched between layers of other material that define the surfaces of the document, so that the presence of the ferromagnetic material is normally concealed by such other material, and so that any attempt at alteration of the pattern of distribution of the ferromagnetic material requires defacement of the document.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
US836000A 1968-06-24 1969-06-24 Verifiable identification document Expired - Lifetime US3636318A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE08489/68A SE330282B (de) 1968-06-24 1968-06-24

Publications (1)

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US3636318A true US3636318A (en) 1972-01-18

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US (1) US3636318A (de)
DE (1) DE1931536C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2013362A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1274238A (de)
SE (1) SE330282B (de)

Cited By (51)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3755730A (en) * 1971-07-26 1973-08-28 Minnesota Mining & Mfg A steel object having hidden magnetically readable identification and the method for applying the identification
US4114032A (en) * 1973-05-11 1978-09-12 Dasy Inter S.A. Documents having fibers which are coated with a magnetic or magnetizable material embedded therein and an apparatus for checking the authenticity of the documents
US4181251A (en) * 1975-06-10 1980-01-01 G.A.O. Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Record carrier with safety features capable of being checked mechanically and method of checking said safety
US4218674A (en) * 1975-09-09 1980-08-19 Dasy Inter S.A. Method and a system for verifying authenticity safe against forgery
FR2478846A1 (fr) * 1980-03-24 1981-09-25 Stockburger H Procede et dispositif d'identification de supports de donnees
WO1982000062A1 (en) * 1980-06-23 1982-01-07 Signatures Inc Light Non-counterfeitable document system
US4546242A (en) * 1980-10-13 1985-10-08 Stockburger H Method for protecting against the re-transfer of uniquely recorded information on a data carrier and apparatus for recording and/or reading re-transfer-protected information
US4626669A (en) * 1983-12-28 1986-12-02 Fairview Partners Intercept system for intercepting stolen, lost and fraudulent cards
EP0260940A2 (de) * 1986-09-19 1988-03-23 Light Signatures, Inc. Beglaubigungsechtheitsprüfung und Identifizierung von Dokumenten oder anderen Gegenständen
US4745267A (en) * 1983-12-28 1988-05-17 Fairview Partners Fraudulent card intercept system
EP0275117A2 (de) * 1987-01-16 1988-07-20 Rand McNally & Company Überprüfbarer Gegenstand
EP0276814A2 (de) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-03 Rand McNally & Company System und Verfahren zur Gegenstandsprüfung
US4816657A (en) * 1980-01-09 1989-03-28 Stockburger H Method and device for characterizing and identifying falsification-proof data supports
US4906988A (en) * 1987-01-27 1990-03-06 Rand Mcnally & Co. Object verification system and method
US4926031A (en) * 1978-07-06 1990-05-15 Gao Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Token such as credit or identification card and an apparatus for testing the token or card
US4985614A (en) * 1987-01-16 1991-01-15 Rand Mcnally & Company Object verification apparatus and method
US5177344A (en) * 1990-10-05 1993-01-05 Rand Mcnally & Company Method and appparatus for enhancing a randomly varying security characteristic
US5216229A (en) * 1989-06-05 1993-06-01 Rand Mcnally & Company Verifiable object having incremental key
US5218528A (en) * 1990-11-06 1993-06-08 Advanced Technological Systems, Inc. Automated voting system
EP0570162A2 (de) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Beglaubigen eines Registrierdokumentes mittels seiner mikroskopischen Kornstruktur und entsprechendes Verfahren
US5354097A (en) * 1990-06-15 1994-10-11 Teunis Tel Security of objects or documents
WO1995027956A1 (en) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-19 Doyle Argosy Innovators Ltd. Method and system for authenticating objects
FR2738971A1 (fr) * 1995-09-19 1997-03-21 Schlumberger Ind Sa Procede de determination d'une cle de cryptage associee a un circuit integre
FR2738970A1 (fr) * 1995-09-19 1997-03-21 Schlumberger Ind Sa Procede de determination d'une cle diversifiee associee a un circuit integre
NL1004823C2 (nl) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-19 Petronella Catharina Anna Roze Werkwijze en identiteitsbewijssysteem voor het onderscheiden van echte paspoorten of rijbewijzen van vervalste paspoorten of rijbewijzen.
FR2765014A1 (fr) * 1997-06-24 1998-12-24 Rene Boulnois Procede d'authentification d'un document en papier, document de securite en papier, et dispositif de controle de l'authenticite de documents en papier
US6148091A (en) * 1997-09-05 2000-11-14 The Identiscan Company, Llc Apparatus for controlling the rental and sale of age-controlled merchandise and for controlling access to age-controlled services
US20020143571A1 (en) * 1996-07-15 2002-10-03 Messina Kevin M. Authentication system for identification documents
US6523741B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2003-02-25 Dimaria Peter C. Apparatus for controlling the rental and sale of age-controlled merchandise and for controlling access to age-controlled services
US6565002B1 (en) * 1998-01-22 2003-05-20 Unicate B.V. Method and system for identifying one or more objects
US20040112962A1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-06-17 Farrall Andrew John Security, identificaiton and verification systems
US20040162984A1 (en) * 2002-03-26 2004-08-19 Freeman William E. Secure identity and privilege system
US20050047593A1 (en) * 2001-12-19 2005-03-03 Norbert Hampp Method for guaranteeing the authenticity of documents
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EP2637145A1 (de) 2007-04-24 2013-09-11 Sicpa Holding Sa Verfahren zur Markierung und zur Idenfizieurung eines Dokument oder Artikels mit kreisförmigen polarisierenden Teilchen
US8943325B2 (en) 2004-02-06 2015-01-27 Signoptic Technologies Savoie Technolac Use of a digital signature obtained from at least one structural characteristic of a material element to protect the direct reading of sensitive data and method for reading this protected data
US9818249B1 (en) 2002-09-04 2017-11-14 Copilot Ventures Fund Iii Llc Authentication method and system
US10121151B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2018-11-06 Inexto S.A. Method and apparatus for marking manufactured items using physical characteristic
US10127443B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2018-11-13 Intellicheck Mobilisa, Inc. System and method for comparing documents
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FR2576696B1 (fr) * 1985-01-25 1988-01-29 Kapferer Brigitte Procede d'authentification de documents
FR2703808B1 (fr) * 1993-04-08 1995-05-24 Gemplus Card Int Procédé d'authentification d'un support à puce et support permettant une telle authentification.
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US20080067114A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Pitney Bowes Incorporated Separator card for mailpiece handling equipment
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US8186573B2 (en) 2007-04-24 2012-05-29 Sicpa Holding Sa Method of marking a document or item; method and device for identifying the marked document or item; use of circular polarizing particles
US20100200649A1 (en) * 2007-04-24 2010-08-12 Andrea Callegari Method of marking a document or item; method and device for identifying the marked document or item; use of circular polarizing particles
DE102009021412A1 (de) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-18 Beb Industrie-Elektronik Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Rückverfolgung von Dokumenten
US10121151B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2018-11-06 Inexto S.A. Method and apparatus for marking manufactured items using physical characteristic
US10373409B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2019-08-06 Intellicheck, Inc. Identification scan in compliance with jurisdictional or other rules
US11356287B2 (en) 2015-10-09 2022-06-07 Lexmark International, Inc. Injection-molded physical unclonable function
US11157626B1 (en) 2019-05-29 2021-10-26 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Bi-directional chain of trust network

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE330282B (de) 1970-11-09
GB1274238A (en) 1972-05-17
DE1931536B2 (de) 1974-05-16
DE1931536A1 (de) 1970-02-05
FR2013362A1 (de) 1970-04-03
DE1931536C3 (de) 1975-01-16

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