US3635762A - Ultrasonic cleaning of a web of film - Google Patents

Ultrasonic cleaning of a web of film Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3635762A
US3635762A US73994A US3635762DA US3635762A US 3635762 A US3635762 A US 3635762A US 73994 A US73994 A US 73994A US 3635762D A US3635762D A US 3635762DA US 3635762 A US3635762 A US 3635762A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
liquid
accordance
pool
applying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US73994A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Howard F Ott
Jerry Carmen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3635762A publication Critical patent/US3635762A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B08B3/123—Cleaning travelling work, e.g. webs, articles on a conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
    • B08B7/026—Using sound waves
    • B08B7/028—Using ultrasounds

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Dirt particles are cleaned from a web of flexible material, such as photographic film or paper, by applying ultrasonic vibrations to a web in a direction transversely of the web while applying a solvent liquid to the web.
  • the liquid can be applied by immersion of the web and ultrasonically vibrating apparatus in a pool, or by spraying the liquid onto the web as it passes over the apparatus in air. Vibrations are imparted by passing the web between a pair of shoulders defining a circular channel for the films.
  • the present invention relates to a novel method of and ap paratus for ultrasonically cleaning dirt from a web of flexible material such as photographic film or paper.
  • Dirt particles can accumulate from the ambient atmosphere, or can result from slitting and punching operations normally employed during the manufacture of photographic film and paper.
  • the liquid can be applied, advantageously, by dipping the web below the surface of a pool, or by spraying the liquid on one or both surfaces of the web in air, or by wiping a liquidladen roller against one or both web surfaces in air.
  • FIG. 1 is an end view, partly broken away, showing apparatus for transporting a web through a pool of liquid while ultrasonically vibrating the web;
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of the apparatus as seen from the right in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are side elevational views, partly in vertical section, of three modified forms of apparatus wherein a web is transported through a pool of liquid.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 areend views of two modified forms of apparatus wherein liquid is sprayed against a web.
  • FIG. 8 is an end view, partly in section, of still another modification for applying liquid to a web by a rotating roller.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a nonrotating ultrasonic horn 11 having two oppositely tapered annular flanges 13 and 15 projecting laterally therefrom at positions spaced longitudinally from each other, thus forming a pair-of opposed circular shoulders or abutments which define a circular channel C of generally cylindrical or slightly frustoconical shape therebetween.
  • the horn is operatively connected to an ultrasonic transducer 17 which may be of the electrostrictive (piezoelectric) or magnetostrictive types, such as have been described in many United States patents, for example in US. Pat. Nos. 2,748,298 (Calosi et al.-magnetostrictive); 3,022,814 (Bodineboth types); piezoelectric).
  • the major direction of vibration should be along the longitudinal axis of the born, as shown by the double pointed arrow.
  • the transducer 17 should be clamped in a suitable holding device 19.
  • the end of horn 11 is of much greater diameter than the main body of the horn, and dips down into a pool 21 of cleaning liquid in a vessel 23. This large end permits a substantial length of web of large area to dip into pool 21 during vibration thereof.
  • a web 25 of flexible material shown as moving picture film having perforations along one side, is transported from a source to the ultrasonic horn.
  • Film 25 is bent around the horn within channel C and is taken up on a motor driven spool 27.
  • the transducer 17 is energized to impart back-and-forth vibrations to the flanges 13 and 15 which engage both edges of the film and impart the vibrations to the film in the film plane, thus shaking off from both top and bottom surfaces any dirt particles present.
  • suitable liquids for the pool 21 are methyl chloroform, freons, trichloroethylene, trichloromonofluoromethane, perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, dichlorodifluoromethane,
  • dichloromonofluoromethane and dichlorotetrafluoroethane.
  • a nonrotating ultrasonic horn 31 having two flanges is connected to a transducer 33 which projects through an aperture 34 in a sidewall of a container 35 and is sealed by a circular mounting plate 37 pressing against a gasket 39.
  • Hour 31 is of smaller diameter than that of FIG. 1, and is fully immersed in the liquid 41.
  • Mounting plate 37 is clamped between parts of the transducer by a central bolt 41 which bears against the outer end of the transducer and is threaded into the front or horn end of the device.
  • vibrations are imparted to the web by a flexingtype nonrotating piezoelectric crystal element 43 consisting of two face-shear plates or .two transverse-expander plates secured together face-to-face in such a manner that a voltage applied to the electrodes in a known way causes the plates to deform in opposite directions.
  • Suitable elements are sold under the trade name Bimorph by the Clevite Corporation Piezoelectric Division, Cleveland, Ohio.
  • Element 43 is mounted on a rigid support 45 and can be revolved thereon to present new guide surfaces as the old are wom. Only the lower portion of the element is immersed in liquid.
  • FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 4 except that the element 43 is fully immersed in liquid.
  • a web 45 is passed over a horn 47 like that of FIG. 3, but instead of being immersed in a pool of liquid the horn and web are in the ambient atmosphere such as air, and the under surface of the web is sprayed with a stream of solvent liquid from a nozzle 49.
  • FIG. 7 is like FIG. 6, but two liquid sprayers are applied, one to each surface of the web from nozzles 49 and 51.
  • roller 53 can be motor driven, or can be an idler roller which is actuated by friction with the web.
  • the web can be sprayed or flushed with clean solvent after the vibration treatment. Also liquid can be removed from the web in any desired way prior to windup, as is well known.
  • the shear forces on the dirt particles are many times more effective in removing surface dirt than the forces normal to the web surface generated in cavitation.
  • the energy is far more efficiently used in directly vibrating the web transversely than in vibrating the liquid.
  • the nonrotating flanged devices can be revolved periodically to present new unwom surfaces to the web.
  • a method of cleaning dirt particles from a web of flexible material comprising moving said web in a direction lengthwise thereof, contacting at least one edge of said moving web with a solid ultrasonically vibrating abutment, and ultrasonically vibrating said contacting abutment in a direction transversely across the width of said moving web while simultaneously applying a volatile liquid solvent to said moving web at the location of contact with the ultrasonically vibrating abutment.
  • Apparatus for cleaning dirt particles from a web of flexible material by applying ultrasonic vibrations to said web in a direction transversely across the width thereof comprising, in combination: a longitudinally extending ultrasonically vibratable device having abutment means extending transversely from a side surface thereof; mechanism for advancing a web to be cleaned in a lengthwise direction transversely across said device with at least one edge of said web contacting said abutment means; means for ultrasonically vibrating said device in a direction longitudinally thereof to impart ultrasonic vibrations to said advancing web through said contacting abutment means in a direction transversely across the width of said advancing web; and, means for simultaneously applying a volatile liquid solvent to said advancing web at the location of contact with said ultrasonically vibrating abutment means.
  • liquid applying means is a tank containing a pool of said liquid, and wherein said abutment means is immersed in said pool whereby said web is immersed in said liquid.
  • liquid applying means comprises means for spraying said liquid on said web.
  • said liquid applying means comprises a roller engaging a surface of said web, and means for conveying liquid to said roller and thence to said web.

Landscapes

  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US73994A 1970-09-21 1970-09-21 Ultrasonic cleaning of a web of film Expired - Lifetime US3635762A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7399470A 1970-09-21 1970-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3635762A true US3635762A (en) 1972-01-18

Family

ID=22117060

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US73994A Expired - Lifetime US3635762A (en) 1970-09-21 1970-09-21 Ultrasonic cleaning of a web of film

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3635762A (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE760175R (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2107816B2 (OSRAM)

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3698408A (en) * 1971-06-11 1972-10-17 Branson Instr Ultrasonic processing apparatus
US4244078A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-01-13 Research Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for cleaning film
US4294533A (en) * 1978-03-23 1981-10-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Apparatus for pre-conditioning film
US4311157A (en) * 1980-02-26 1982-01-19 Rock Oil Corporation Sonic treating apparatus
US4987456A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-01-22 Xerox Corporation Vacuum coupling arrangement for applying vibratory motion to a flexible planar member
US5005054A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-04-02 Xerox Corporation Frequency sweeping excitation of high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5010369A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-04-23 Xerox Corporation Segmented resonator structure having a uniform response for electrophotographic imaging
US5016055A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-05-14 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for using vibratory energy with application of transfer field for enhanced transfer in electrophotographic imaging
US5025291A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-06-18 Zerox Corporation Edge effect compensation in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5081500A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-14 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for using vibratory energy to reduce transfer deletions in electrophotographic imaging
US5210577A (en) * 1992-05-22 1993-05-11 Xerox Corporation Edge effect compensation in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5220868A (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-06-22 Harris Corporation Print band cleaner
US5282005A (en) * 1993-01-13 1994-01-25 Xerox Corporation Cross process vibrational mode suppression in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5329341A (en) * 1993-08-06 1994-07-12 Xerox Corporation Optimized vibratory systems in electrophotographic devices
US5339147A (en) * 1993-11-24 1994-08-16 Xerox Corporation Sequential ultrasonic fusing process
US5390013A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-02-14 Xerox Corporation Ultrasonic fusing (ultra-fuse) process
US5413675A (en) * 1993-05-06 1995-05-09 Westvaco Corporation Method of deinking laser printed wastepaper
US5477315A (en) * 1994-07-05 1995-12-19 Xerox Corporation Electrostatic coupling force arrangement for applying vibratory motion to a flexible planar member
US5486236A (en) * 1994-05-06 1996-01-23 Hughes Aircraft Company Accelerated extraction of rolled materials
US5654129A (en) * 1994-02-28 1997-08-05 Taylor; Timothy L. Method for cleaning acetate-based photographic film with trans-dichloroethylene
US5902412A (en) * 1994-02-28 1999-05-11 Taylor; Timothy L. Method of cleaning/coating a substrate
US5906687A (en) * 1996-08-23 1999-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Ultrasonic cleaning apparatus and method
US5975094A (en) * 1997-11-26 1999-11-02 Speedfam Corporation Method and apparatus for enhanced cleaning of a workpiece with mechanical energy
EP1072329A1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-01-31 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web particle removal method and apparatus
DE19939514A1 (de) * 1999-08-20 2001-02-22 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Bandreinigung
US6385429B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2002-05-07 Xerox Corporation Resonator having a piezoceramic/polymer composite transducer
WO2008026933A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 G2 Ultrasonic As A method of cleaning a seine and an apparatus for use when practising the method
US20110220147A1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2011-09-15 Schreiber Brian E Apparatus and Method for Cleaning Flexible Webs
WO2013024451A3 (en) * 2011-08-18 2013-04-11 Memc Electronic Materials S.P.A. Methods and systems for removing contamination from a wire of a saw
US9101966B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2015-08-11 International Business Machines Corporation Cleaning magnetic tape
CN108043806A (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-18 江苏华夏电影胶片修复技术有限公司 一种通用水溶剂电影拷贝清洁机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH620309A5 (OSRAM) * 1977-09-06 1980-11-14 Zurschmiede Fred

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460919A (en) * 1942-12-12 1949-02-08 Jr Albert G Bodine Method of and apparatus for cutting materials
US2702260A (en) * 1949-11-17 1955-02-15 Massa Frank Apparatus and method for the generation and use of sound waves in liquids for the high-speed wetting of substances immersed in the liquid
US2792674A (en) * 1954-03-19 1957-05-21 Cavitron Corp Vibratory machine tool
US2967119A (en) * 1958-09-08 1961-01-03 Lipsner Smith Corp Ultrasonic process and apparatus
US3052244A (en) * 1961-10-09 1962-09-04 Nat Ultrasonic Corp Ultrasonic cleaning machine
US3072808A (en) * 1959-08-04 1963-01-08 California Inst Res Found Transducer plate for high acoustical-mechanical energy transfer to liquids
GB931653A (en) * 1960-01-12 1963-07-17 Robert Rigby Ltd Improvements in or relating to the treatment of film
US3173034A (en) * 1960-09-16 1965-03-09 Singer Inc H R B Ultrasonic device
US3370982A (en) * 1963-10-18 1968-02-27 Ibm Web cleaning apparatus and method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460919A (en) * 1942-12-12 1949-02-08 Jr Albert G Bodine Method of and apparatus for cutting materials
US2702260A (en) * 1949-11-17 1955-02-15 Massa Frank Apparatus and method for the generation and use of sound waves in liquids for the high-speed wetting of substances immersed in the liquid
US2792674A (en) * 1954-03-19 1957-05-21 Cavitron Corp Vibratory machine tool
US2967119A (en) * 1958-09-08 1961-01-03 Lipsner Smith Corp Ultrasonic process and apparatus
US3072808A (en) * 1959-08-04 1963-01-08 California Inst Res Found Transducer plate for high acoustical-mechanical energy transfer to liquids
GB931653A (en) * 1960-01-12 1963-07-17 Robert Rigby Ltd Improvements in or relating to the treatment of film
US3173034A (en) * 1960-09-16 1965-03-09 Singer Inc H R B Ultrasonic device
US3052244A (en) * 1961-10-09 1962-09-04 Nat Ultrasonic Corp Ultrasonic cleaning machine
US3370982A (en) * 1963-10-18 1968-02-27 Ibm Web cleaning apparatus and method

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3698408A (en) * 1971-06-11 1972-10-17 Branson Instr Ultrasonic processing apparatus
US4294533A (en) * 1978-03-23 1981-10-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Apparatus for pre-conditioning film
US4244078A (en) * 1979-04-26 1981-01-13 Research Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for cleaning film
US4311157A (en) * 1980-02-26 1982-01-19 Rock Oil Corporation Sonic treating apparatus
US5010369A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-04-23 Xerox Corporation Segmented resonator structure having a uniform response for electrophotographic imaging
US5005054A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-04-02 Xerox Corporation Frequency sweeping excitation of high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US4987456A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-01-22 Xerox Corporation Vacuum coupling arrangement for applying vibratory motion to a flexible planar member
US5016055A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-05-14 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for using vibratory energy with application of transfer field for enhanced transfer in electrophotographic imaging
US5025291A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-06-18 Zerox Corporation Edge effect compensation in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5081500A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-14 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for using vibratory energy to reduce transfer deletions in electrophotographic imaging
US5220868A (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-06-22 Harris Corporation Print band cleaner
US5210577A (en) * 1992-05-22 1993-05-11 Xerox Corporation Edge effect compensation in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5282005A (en) * 1993-01-13 1994-01-25 Xerox Corporation Cross process vibrational mode suppression in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US5413675A (en) * 1993-05-06 1995-05-09 Westvaco Corporation Method of deinking laser printed wastepaper
US5329341A (en) * 1993-08-06 1994-07-12 Xerox Corporation Optimized vibratory systems in electrophotographic devices
US5390013A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-02-14 Xerox Corporation Ultrasonic fusing (ultra-fuse) process
US5339147A (en) * 1993-11-24 1994-08-16 Xerox Corporation Sequential ultrasonic fusing process
US5654129A (en) * 1994-02-28 1997-08-05 Taylor; Timothy L. Method for cleaning acetate-based photographic film with trans-dichloroethylene
US5902412A (en) * 1994-02-28 1999-05-11 Taylor; Timothy L. Method of cleaning/coating a substrate
US5486236A (en) * 1994-05-06 1996-01-23 Hughes Aircraft Company Accelerated extraction of rolled materials
US5477315A (en) * 1994-07-05 1995-12-19 Xerox Corporation Electrostatic coupling force arrangement for applying vibratory motion to a flexible planar member
US5906687A (en) * 1996-08-23 1999-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Ultrasonic cleaning apparatus and method
US5975094A (en) * 1997-11-26 1999-11-02 Speedfam Corporation Method and apparatus for enhanced cleaning of a workpiece with mechanical energy
US6503332B1 (en) 1999-07-29 2003-01-07 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web particle removal method and apparatus
EP1072329A1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-01-31 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web particle removal method and apparatus
DE19939514A1 (de) * 1999-08-20 2001-02-22 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Bandreinigung
US6385429B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2002-05-07 Xerox Corporation Resonator having a piezoceramic/polymer composite transducer
WO2008026933A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 G2 Ultrasonic As A method of cleaning a seine and an apparatus for use when practising the method
US20110220147A1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2011-09-15 Schreiber Brian E Apparatus and Method for Cleaning Flexible Webs
US8585826B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2013-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Apparatus and method for cleaning flexible webs
US9101966B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2015-08-11 International Business Machines Corporation Cleaning magnetic tape
WO2013024451A3 (en) * 2011-08-18 2013-04-11 Memc Electronic Materials S.P.A. Methods and systems for removing contamination from a wire of a saw
CN103732332A (zh) * 2011-08-18 2014-04-16 Memc电子材料有限公司 用于清除锯线的污染物的方法和系统
CN108043806A (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-18 江苏华夏电影胶片修复技术有限公司 一种通用水溶剂电影拷贝清洁机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2107816B2 (OSRAM) 1977-04-29
BE760175R (fr) 1971-05-17
FR2107816A2 (OSRAM) 1972-05-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3635762A (en) Ultrasonic cleaning of a web of film
US6638363B2 (en) Method of cleaning solder paste
US3198170A (en) Ultrasonic-wave painting machine
US5025291A (en) Edge effect compensation in high frequency vibratory energy producing devices for electrophotographic imaging
US3688527A (en) Apparatus for cleaning resilient webs
JP2001233442A (ja) ベルト洗浄装置及びこれを備えたベルトコンベア
US3644953A (en) Sheet-cleaning apparatus
JPH1158678A (ja) スクリーン印刷におけるクリーニング装置
US3615814A (en) Method of and apparatus for ultrasonically cleaning a web of film
US6491204B1 (en) Stencil wiping device
US3829328A (en) Method for cleaning resilient webs
JPS63168677A (ja) 複写機のトナ−の振動による除去方法
JPS60192944A (ja) 現像方法及び該方法実施のための装置
JP3481949B2 (ja) 材料ウェブ上に流体を計量供給するための方法ならびに装置
US4414916A (en) Automatic toning apparatus having a vertically reciprocating hopper
US3345927A (en) Apparatus for rapid development of photographic film
JP3288464B2 (ja) 現像残滓の超音波洗浄方法
JP2010253948A (ja) 洗浄装置
SU121069A1 (ru) Скребок дл очистки конвейерной ленты
SU673425A1 (ru) Устройство дл обработки металлической магнитной ленты
JPH0722364Y2 (ja) ミラーの水滴除去装置
JP3292761B2 (ja) 印刷装置および印刷方法
JP3523121B2 (ja) 湿式電子写真装置
JP2575632B2 (ja) 写真フイルム処理装置
JPS594465A (ja) シ−ト状素材の薬液塗布方法