US3630503A - Interlocking tile structure - Google Patents

Interlocking tile structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3630503A
US3630503A US866557A US3630503DA US3630503A US 3630503 A US3630503 A US 3630503A US 866557 A US866557 A US 866557A US 3630503D A US3630503D A US 3630503DA US 3630503 A US3630503 A US 3630503A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tiles
lands
tile
grooves
sockets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US866557A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carlisle O Byrd Jr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stemcor Corp
Original Assignee
Carborundum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carborundum Co filed Critical Carborundum Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3630503A publication Critical patent/US3630503A/en
Assigned to KENNECOTT CORPORATION reassignment KENNECOTT CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DEC. 31, 1980 NORTH DAKOTA Assignors: BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY, BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY, CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE, CHASE BRASS & COPPER CO. INCORPORATED, KENNECOTT EXPLORATION, INC., KENNECOTT REFINING CORPORATION, KENNECOTT SALES CORPORATION, OZARK LEAD COMPANY, PLAMBEAU MINING CORPORATION, RIDGE MINING CORPORATION (ALL MERGED INTO)
Assigned to KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION reassignment KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DEC. 31, 1986. (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS) Assignors: KENNECOTT CORPORATION
Assigned to STEMCOR CORPORATION, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44114 A DE. CORP. reassignment STEMCOR CORPORATION, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44114 A DE. CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/009—Heat exchange having a solid heat storage mass for absorbing heat from one fluid and releasing it to another, i.e. regenerator
    • Y10S165/03—Mass formed of modules arranged in three dimensional matrix, i.e. checkerwork
    • Y10S165/035—Mass formed of modules arranged in three dimensional matrix, i.e. checkerwork in casing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchange structure for heating and cooling gases. Hot and cold gases are alternately passed through the structure. Heat is transferred from the hot gases to the structure which retransfers the heat to the cold gases.
  • heat exchangers or regenerators are used to freeze out moisture.
  • Another application of heat exchangers is to recover heat from process or combustion gases and utilize such heat to preheat combustion air.
  • Still another use of such regenerators is for cracking hydrocarbons to olefins and acetylene.
  • This invention relates to an improvement in heat exchange structures comprised of a plurality of grooved tiles known in the industry as Hasche tiles. These tiles are named after their inventor and are generally similar to those described in US. Pat. No. 2,622,864. Occasionally, after a heat exchange structure comprising a plurality of these tiles has been used for a period of time, the structure loosens to the point where tiles actually fall out. This appears to be due to shifting or so-called walking of the tiles which takes place as the structure expands and contracts with each heating and cooling cycle.
  • an interlocking heat exchange structure comprising a plurality of tiles which are stacked and tied together in a manner which prevents walking but does not cause the individual tiles to be subjected to strains that might cause their failure.
  • the objects of this invention are achieved without resorting to a tongue-and-groove design. This is important because it is very essential that the tile be manufactured as flat as possible with parallel opposed faces. Occasionally, it is necessary to flatten the faces, for example by grinding, which would be all but impossible with tongues extending from the faces of the tile. Furthermore, since these tiles are manufactured of ceramic materials they tend to have the brittle character of such materials. Thus, annoying precautions must be taken when shipping tile having tongues since the tongues have a tendency to break off. Also, the tiles cannot be stacked face-to-face without the occurrence of stresses that often develop into cracks.
  • FIG. 1 is a pictorial view of a heat exchange structure embodying tile of the type with which the present invention is concerned;
  • FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of four such tiles shown in the overlapping relationship they maintain within the heat exchange structure.
  • the topmost tile is shown in broken away section to expose aligned sockets and a key associated therewith.
  • a heat exchange structure according to the present invention comprises a housing 3 which may be made of any suitable material.
  • the housing is provided with a gas inlet 5 and an oppositely disposed gas outlet (not shown) and preferably has an insulating, refractory lining.
  • Within the housing 3 are a plurality of rectangular, lamellar, refractory tiles 11.
  • each of these tiles has similar, flat front and back edges I5 and similar, flat side edges 17 and comprises substantially parallel, spaced, opposed faces on its top and bottom.
  • Each of the faces comprises a plurality of lands 23 which are separated by substantially semicircular grooves 25, the grooves being substantially straight and substantially parallel and extending completely across the tile between the edges 15.
  • the grooves 25 in one face are staggered with respect to the grooves in the opposed faces.
  • the upper face of the tile terminates in narrow lands 27 which are only half as wide as the lands 23 between the grooves 25 while the bottom or lower face terminates in quadrant-shaped grooves 29.
  • tiles 11 as described above are arranged edge to edge and face-to-face in the casing I3 to form flat, parallel, superposed courses in which the grooves in the faces of each tile in one course are aligned with the grooves in the adjacent faces of the contiguous tiles in the courses above and below to form passageways through said structure.
  • the tiles in each course may be different in size from those in the adjacent coursesso that the joints between the tiles in adjacent courses are broken. It will be apparent that when two tiles Ill are laid side by side the two narrow lands 27 fit together to form a split land of the same width as the full width lands 23 and the adjacent quadrant-shaped grooves 29 cooperate to form a vertically split, substantially semicircular groove of the same size as the grooves 25.
  • the detent means provided for restraining superposed tiles from relative movement parallel to the upper or lower faces thereof and thus prevent walking" of the tiles under the influence of alternating heating and cooling cycles comprises a plurality of keys engaging in sockets formed in the lands 23.
  • a plurality of sockets 33 are molded in each of the lands 23 at spaced predetermined distances from the ends of the tile.
  • the superposed lands have mating sockets into some of which keys may be inserted while the tiles are being laid so as to interlock the several courses.
  • each socket 33 is generally hemispherical and the keys 35 shown in FIG. 2 are balls or rounded pellets but of somewhat smaller diameter than the recesses.
  • the keys fit loosely and provision is made for the change of size of the sockets and/or keys resulting from thermal expansion.
  • the sockets and from may have other shapes if desired.
  • the sockets may be hemicylindrical in shape and the cooperating keys may be shaped as small cylinders.
  • the keys used in carrying out the present invention are made of ceramic materials similar to or the same as that of the tiles.
  • a high alumina refractory material is usually satisfactory.
  • other materials such as other ceramic materials or a heat-resistant metal can be used.
  • the keys may be formed to the desired size and shape by any suitable known fabrication procedure. Aside from clearance for heat expansion some extra clearance between keys and sockets may be desirable to permit slight shifting of tiles without placing undue strain on an individual tile.
  • a first course of tiles is laid in place. Then keys are placed in a desired number of sockets in the tiles so laid. As successive layers or courses of tiles are laid, keys are placed in the sockets before the next course is put down until a stack of tile of the desired size is obtained. It will be evident that there need not be a key in every socket. In general, two or three keys between each pair of overlapping tile are sufficient. It will be apparent that the keys help to align the tiles as they are laid so that the facing grooves form passageways. In the past, it was usually necessary to lay aligning rods in the grooves of one course to insure proper positioning of the next course. When structures according to this invention are built the keys alone may be used to perform this function. Having thus described the invention with the particularly required by the patent laws, what is desired protected by Letters Patent are as follows.
  • a heat exchange structure comprising a casing containing a plurality of lamellar refractory tiles, each of said tiles having two-spaced, substantially parallel, rectangular opposed faces; each of said faces comprising a plurality of lands, the lands being separated by grooves; said grooves being substantially straight and substantially parallel and extending completely across said tile with the grooves in one of said faces staggered with respect to the grooves in the other said face; said tiles being arranged edge-to-edge and face-to-face in said casing to form flat, parallel, superposed courses in which the joints between the tiles in adjacent courses are broken and the grooves in said faces of each tile are aligned with the grooves in the adjacent faces of the contiguous tiles above and below, whereby to form passageways through said structure, the lands of one tile contacting the lands of contiguous tiles so the lands in the bottom face of one tile fit flatly against the lands in the top face of another tile, sockets being provided in said lands, a socket in one land mating a socket in another

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US866557A 1969-10-15 1969-10-15 Interlocking tile structure Expired - Lifetime US3630503A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86655769A 1969-10-15 1969-10-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3630503A true US3630503A (en) 1971-12-28

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ID=25347867

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US866557A Expired - Lifetime US3630503A (en) 1969-10-15 1969-10-15 Interlocking tile structure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3630503A (de)
DE (1) DE2050172A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1272692A (de)
NL (1) NL7015080A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004633A (en) * 1973-12-13 1977-01-25 Martin & Pagenstecher Gmbh Brick construction for horizontal regenerator
US5361557A (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-11-08 Indresco Inc. Offsetting interlocking tie-back assembly
US20040229001A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 Hyde Dean R. Anchoring system and snap-fit methodology for erosion resistant linings
US20150211804A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-30 Kunshan Jue-Chung Electronics Co., Ltd. Energy storage assembly and energy storage element thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580794B1 (fr) * 1985-04-23 1989-05-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif d'echange thermique utilisable notamment pour des echanges entre gaz

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1907852A (en) * 1931-05-21 1933-05-09 Fred M Miller Checker brick system
US1976575A (en) * 1933-04-24 1934-10-09 James E Macdonald Refractory regenerator brick

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1907852A (en) * 1931-05-21 1933-05-09 Fred M Miller Checker brick system
US1976575A (en) * 1933-04-24 1934-10-09 James E Macdonald Refractory regenerator brick

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004633A (en) * 1973-12-13 1977-01-25 Martin & Pagenstecher Gmbh Brick construction for horizontal regenerator
US5361557A (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-11-08 Indresco Inc. Offsetting interlocking tie-back assembly
US20040229001A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 Hyde Dean R. Anchoring system and snap-fit methodology for erosion resistant linings
US6887551B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2005-05-03 Exxonmobil Research & Engineering Co. Anchoring system and snap-fit methodology for erosion resistant linings
US20150211804A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-30 Kunshan Jue-Chung Electronics Co., Ltd. Energy storage assembly and energy storage element thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1272692A (en) 1972-05-03
DE2050172A1 (de) 1971-04-22
NL7015080A (de) 1971-04-19

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY;BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY;CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003961/0672

Effective date: 19801230

AS Assignment

Owner name: STEMCOR CORPORATION, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAND,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0091

Effective date: 19870320

Owner name: KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0036

Effective date: 19870220