US3629660A - Lightning arrest assembly - Google Patents

Lightning arrest assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US3629660A
US3629660A US80042A US3629660DA US3629660A US 3629660 A US3629660 A US 3629660A US 80042 A US80042 A US 80042A US 3629660D A US3629660D A US 3629660DA US 3629660 A US3629660 A US 3629660A
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United States
Prior art keywords
arresters
lightning
housing
disposed
lightning arrester
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US80042A
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English (en)
Inventor
Takayoshi Kamada
Nobuo Nagai
Shoji Tada
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3629660A publication Critical patent/US3629660A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/06—Mounting arrangements for a plurality of overvoltage arresters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
    • H01T4/20—Arrangements for improving potential distribution

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lightning arrester assembly including a plurality of lightning arrester units disposed within a single housing of electrically insulating material.
  • lightning arresters employing a lightning arrester unit consisting of one or more characteristic or valve elements disposed in series with insulating gaps within an electric insulation tube such as a porcelain tube. If it is desired to equip individual phases of an electric polyphase system with such lightning arresters disposed in juxtaposed relationship then each of the arresters is required to be spaced away from the adjacent arresters and, if present, a point of ground potential by at least minimum necessary distances required to prevent the gaps in the arrester from deteriorating in potential distribution due to the interaction of the potentials of the system phases and also to that point. This has resulted in the disadvantage that it is difficult to dispose the lightning arresters in a small space.
  • each arrester has been spaced away from the corresponding gaps in the adjacent arresters by distances equal to twice the wall thickness of the insulation tube, assuming that the earthed sheath is negligibly thin.
  • the gaps in each arrester have a voltage-to-ground equal to ENS where E represents the line voltage of the system. Therefore a voltage across the corresponding gaps in the adjacent arresters is only increased by a factor of the square root of three (V?) as compared with the voltage-to-ground.
  • V square root of three
  • a lightning arrester assembly comprising a plurality of lightning arresters having longitudinal axes disposed in sub stantially parallel relationship, and one terminal on the incoming line side connected to each of the arresters, characterized in that there is provided a single housing of electrically insulating material having disposed therein both the plurality of lightning arresters and one shield electrically connected to each of the terminals.
  • the housing may be preferably provided on that end portion thereof disposed on the incoming-line side with a step surrounding each of the terminals.
  • the housing may be advantageously provided on the outer peripheral wall surface thereof with a metallic coating connected to ground.
  • the housing may have conveniently a cover member detachably disposed on that end located on the ground side in common to the plurality of lightning arresters.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, partly in longitudinal section of one form of the prior art type lightning arresters
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but illustrating another form of the prior art type lightning arresters
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic elevational view illustrating the manner in which the lightning arresters shown in FIG. 1 are equipped on an electric three-phase system;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmental elevational view of an assembly of the lightning arresters shown in FIG. 2 and closely packed for use in an electric three-phase system;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIG. 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrows shown in the same FIGURE;
  • FIG. 6 is a graph plotting a ratio of the actual-to-theoretical value of a discharging voltage across a gap against a distance between the gap and a charged body for the conventional lightning arrester shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of one embodiment constructed in accordance of the lightning arrester assembly-of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmental longitudinal sectional view taken along the line of VIII-VIII of FIG. 8 and viewed in the direction of the arrows shown in the same FIGURE;
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of a modification of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmental longitudinal view taken along the line of XX of FIG. 9 and viewed in the direction of the arrows shown in the same FIGURE.
  • a pair of metallic covers 20 close both ends of the insulation tube 12 and cooperate with individual O-rings 22 interposed between the same and the end faces of the tube 12 to maintain the interior of the tube 12 hermetic with the tubes interior filled with an amount of any suitable gas 24 in its dried state.
  • the lower characteristic element 16 abuts against the lower cover 20. Then one metallic terminal 26 is connected to each of the upper and lower covers 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows another lightning arrester of the conventional construction suitable for use in an electric substation intended to be small-sized such as a miniature substation.
  • a cylindrical housing 12 formed on any suitable electrically insulating material such as epoxy resin has disposed therein a lightning arrester unit including a gap member 14, a contact spring 18, and a pair of characteristic elements 16 interconnected in series circuit relationship in the named order.
  • the gap member 14 is connected to a metallic terminal 24 sealed through the closed end of the housing 12 while the lower characteristic element 16 abuts against a metallic cover 20 serving to close the other or open end of the housing 12.
  • the cover 20 is fixedly secured to the open end face of the housing 12 by having bolts 28 extending therethrough and screw-threaded into the respective female screws 30 embedded in the apertured end portion of the housing.
  • an O-ring 22 is interposed between the metallic cover 20 and the apertured end face of the housing 12 to maintain the interior of the housing hermetic.
  • an O-ring 22 is interposed between the metallic cover 20 and the apertured end face of the housing 12 to maintain the interior of the housing hermetic.
  • FIG. 2 The arrangement is much different from that shown in FIG. I in that in FIG. 2 a metallic sheath or coating 32 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall surface of the insulating housing 12 to be connected to the metallic cover 20. That is the coating 32 and the cover 26 are maintained at the same potential or ground potential during service.
  • FIG. 1 A plurality of the lightning arresters as shown in FIG. 1 can be equipped in juxtaposed relationship on an electric polyphase system.
  • FIG. 3 shows by way of example, three lightning arresters l equipped on an electric three-phase system. The three arresters are disposed in aligned spacedrelationship and have the upper terminals 26 connected to the respective lines or phase of the electric system through leads 34 while the lower terminals 26 are connected to ground through leads 36 respectively.
  • FIG. 3 With a plurality of lightning arresters put side by side as shown in FIG. 3, there is a fear that the potentials on the respective system phases will be interacted to deteriorate a voltage distribution along each gap in the arresters. Therefore the arresters are required to be spaced away from one another by minimum necessary distances required to avoid that fear. Those distances are shown in FIG. 3 as being of 0. Similarly if a point of ground potential is located in the vicinity of any one of the arresters, a minimum necessary distance should be maintained therebetween for the same reason as abovedescribed. This is illustrated in FIG. 3 by one hatched portion 38 spaced away from each of the outer arresters 10 by a minimum necessary distance of b with the hatched portions designating earthed structures. It will readily be understood that any one of the lightning arresters is effectively prevented from flashing over the gap therein as far as that arrester is spaced away from the adjacent arrester or point of ground potential by the distances of a or b or more.
  • lightning arresters such as shown in FIG. 4 include the earthed sheath and therefor do not require so large space for equipment as those illustrated in FIG. 1 because they are disposed in the closest packing relationship.
  • a triad of the sheathed arresters can be closely packed into a regular triangle-shaped cross section and equipped on a three-phase system as best shown in FIG. 5.
  • the terminal 26 of each arrester I0 is connected to each line of the three-phase system (not shown) through a conductor 40 embedded in a cylindrical insulation 42 substantially equal to the arrester 10.
  • the three arresters require a space for the equipment thereof equal to about three times the space for a single-phase system and dif ficult to decrease below the figure just specified.
  • the sheathed arrester 10 is shown in FIG. 5 as including the insulating housing 12 having a wall thickness of c which, in turn, provides an insulation distance between one gap member and the earthed sheath 32.
  • the three arresters l0 closely paced as best shown in FIG. 5, a spacing d between the gap in each arrester and the corresponding gap in the adjacent arresters is equal to twice the insulation distance of 0 because the sheaths are negligibly thin.
  • the arresters connected to a three-phase system each are at a voltage-to-ground equal to E/Viwhere E represents the line voltage thereof.
  • E represents the line voltage thereof.
  • V5 the voltage-to-ground
  • the invention contemplates to decrease the overall dimension of an assembly including a plurality of lightning arresters.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 wherein like reference numerals designate the components corresponding or similar to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown one form of the invention applied to a three-phase system.
  • the arrangement illustrated comprises a housing 12 formed of any suitable, electrically insulating material such as epoxy resin and including three openings 50 longitudinally extending in substantially parallel relationship therethrough with one end thereof in this example the upper ends thereof as viewed in FIG. 8 closed.
  • the longitudinal axes of the openings 50 are located at the apices of a regular triangle.
  • a lightning arrester unit Disposed within each of the openings 50 is a lightning arrester unit including a gap member 14 forming a plurality of series gaps, a pair of characteristic elements 16 and a contact spring 18 connected in series circuit relationship in the named order as in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 or 2. If desired, any desired number of the characteristic elements may be used.
  • the housing 12 has a common cover 26 closing the open ends or the lower ends as viewed in FIG. 7 of all the openings 50.
  • the cover 26 is adapted to be connected to ground.
  • a plurality of bolts 28 extend through the cover 26 and are screwthreaded into the respective female screws 30 (one of which is illustrated in FIG. 8) embedded in the lower end faces of the housing 12.
  • one O-ring 22 is interposed between the cover 26 and the lower end face of the housing 12 around each opening 50 and cooperates with the common cover 26 to hermetically seal the openings 50 filled with any suitable gas in its dried state as in the arrangement shown in FIG. I or 2.
  • That portion of the housing 12 closing each of the openings 50 is in the form of a truncated cone having disposed on the outer periphery an annular step 52 serving to provide the necessary creeping distance required for across the respective phases of the associated electric system in the atmosphere. If desired, two or more steps may be used.
  • One metallic terminal 26 on the incoming-line side seals through each of the tapered, stepped end portions of the housing 12 until it engages the associated gap member I4 disposed within each opening 50.
  • annular shield 54 is embedded in the housing 12 adjacent the closed end of the opening 50 to be connected to the terminal 26.
  • the shield 54 is formed of a metallic annulus 54-1 having an outer peripheral portion bent toward the as' sociated gap member 14 and a metallic ring 54-2 attached to the outer edge thereof with the annulus 54-] connected to the terminal 26. It is to be understood that an annular shield identical to the shield 54 should be operative coupled to each of the remaining gap members although such shields are not illustrated.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show an arrangement substantially identical to that illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9 expecting that the housing 12 includes a flat end portion for closing the openings 50 and that an earthed shield or coating 32 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall surface of the housing 12 to be connected to the cover 20 as in the arrangement of FIG. 2.
  • the invention provides a lightning arrester assembly comprising a plurality of lightning arrester units disposed in spaced parallel relationship within a single insulting housing and one annular shield embedded in the housing adjacent each of the arrester units to be connected to the associated terminal on the incomingline side.
  • the annular shields are effective for maintaining the discharge voltage across each gap unchanged regardless of whether or not the housing includes the earthed sheath.
  • the distance for interphase insulation is not required to render a distance for interphase insulation large.
  • a ratio of the insulation distance-to-ground to the distance for interphase insulation is proportional to a ratio of a voltage-to-ground to a line voltage of the particular electric system.
  • the lightning arrester units are permitted to be more close to one another than those shown in H08. 4 and 5 with no change in discharge voltage across each gap. Therefore the lightning arrester assembly decreases in the overall dimension.
  • the resulting assembly can be very easily equipped on the particular electric system and subject to maintenance and inspection with labors saved. in the arrangement as shown in FIGS.
  • the step 52 is disposed on each of those portions of the housing enclosing the terminals on the incoming-line side to permit the arrester units to be sufficiently insulated from one another for the particular line voltage as well as preventing a decrease in interphase insulation due to contaminations on such portions of the housing. Therefore the assembly can further decrease in the overall dimension.
  • the arrester assembly has been small-sized as above described, it is possible to dispose the assembly in a small space in which the conventional arrester assembly could not be mounted with the result that it can be realized to expand a range of an electric system to be protected and render installations of electric substations small-sized.
  • the annular shield may be formed of a plurality of L-shaped rods radially extending from the associated terminal and preferably at equal angular intervals such as spokes and a ring attached to the free bent ends of the rods with satisfactory results.
  • the invention is equally applicable to electric systems including any desired number of phases. In the latter event, a plurality of lightning arrester units equal in the number to the phases are disposed within a single insulating housing in spaced parallel relationship and preferably symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the housing at equal angular intervals.
  • a lightning arrester assembly comprising a plurality of lightning arresters having longitudinal axes disposed in substantially parallel relationship, a single housing of electrically insulating material having disposed therein said plurality of lightning arresters, one terminal in the incoming-line side electrically connected to each of said lightning arresters, and one shield disposed in said insulating housing to be electrically connected to each of said terminals.

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  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US80042A 1969-10-15 1970-10-12 Lightning arrest assembly Expired - Lifetime US3629660A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1969098079U JPS552539Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-15 1969-10-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3629660A true US3629660A (en) 1971-12-21

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ID=14210324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US80042A Expired - Lifetime US3629660A (en) 1969-10-15 1970-10-12 Lightning arrest assembly

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3629660A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS552539Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH518637A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2050727C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2065962A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1323762A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3987343A (en) * 1974-05-22 1976-10-19 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. Surge protector
RU2168782C2 (ru) * 1998-03-12 2001-06-10 Ухтинский индустриальный институт Трехфазное устройство для защиты электрооборудования от перенапряжений
US6278073B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-08-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas insulated switching apparatus
CN116345401A (zh) * 2023-01-12 2023-06-27 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 储能电站储能及升压设备过电压防护配置系统

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2619317C2 (de) * 1976-04-30 1985-07-11 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Blitzschutzvorrichtung
DE7711213U1 (de) * 1977-04-06 1977-07-21 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Ueberspannungsableiter
JPS53143952A (en) * 1977-05-21 1978-12-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Protective device for anomalous voltage
DE102006044992B4 (de) * 2006-09-23 2016-07-07 J. Pröpster GmbH Funkenstrecke und mehrpoliges Überspannungsschutzelement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311916A (en) * 1919-08-05 Lightning-akrester
US2507363A (en) * 1946-10-30 1950-05-09 Cook Electric Co Pole cable terminal
US2670452A (en) * 1952-11-14 1954-02-23 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Protective device
US3513354A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-05-19 Gen Electric Lightning arrester with high surge energy absorbing capability

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE940002C (de) * 1939-07-04 1956-03-08 Siemens Ag Funkenstreckenanordnung fuer hohe Spannungen
DE744101C (de) * 1939-10-14 1944-01-18 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Herabsetzung der Temperaturabhaengigkeit der Ansprechspannung von Funkenstrecken
CH318589A (fr) * 1953-02-25 1957-01-15 Reyrolle & Company Limited A Transformateur à haute tension
DE1007866B (de) * 1954-04-02 1957-05-09 Licentia Gmbh UEberspannungsableiter mit spannungsabhaengigem Begrenzungswiderstand und Loeschfunkenstrecke mit verringerter Bauhoehe
DE1015114B (de) * 1955-03-11 1957-09-05 Licentia Gmbh UEberspannungsableiter mit Loeschfunkenstrecke und spannungsabhaengigem Widerstand fuer Niederspannungsnetze
CH346274A (de) * 1956-02-21 1960-05-15 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Mehrpoliger Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter
CH330290A (fr) * 1956-07-05 1958-05-31 Gardy Particip App Disjoncteur électrique
DE1275668B (de) * 1960-01-18 1968-08-22 Licentia Gmbh UEberspannungsableiter mit spannungsabhaengigem Widerstand und Loeschfunkenstrecke
US3155874A (en) * 1961-08-02 1964-11-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lightning arrester
CH413064A (de) * 1964-09-04 1966-05-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Stossansprechspannung eines Überspannungsableiters

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311916A (en) * 1919-08-05 Lightning-akrester
US2507363A (en) * 1946-10-30 1950-05-09 Cook Electric Co Pole cable terminal
US2670452A (en) * 1952-11-14 1954-02-23 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Protective device
US3513354A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-05-19 Gen Electric Lightning arrester with high surge energy absorbing capability

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3987343A (en) * 1974-05-22 1976-10-19 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. Surge protector
RU2168782C2 (ru) * 1998-03-12 2001-06-10 Ухтинский индустриальный институт Трехфазное устройство для защиты электрооборудования от перенапряжений
US6278073B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-08-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas insulated switching apparatus
CN116345401A (zh) * 2023-01-12 2023-06-27 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 储能电站储能及升压设备过电压防护配置系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2065962A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-06
CH518637A (de) 1972-01-31
JPS552539Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-01-22
DE2050727B2 (de) 1972-05-18
DE2050727C3 (de) 1982-03-18
GB1323762A (en) 1973-07-18
DE2050727A1 (de) 1971-05-19

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