US3627580A - Manufacture of magnetically sensitized webs - Google Patents

Manufacture of magnetically sensitized webs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3627580A
US3627580A US801409A US3627580DA US3627580A US 3627580 A US3627580 A US 3627580A US 801409 A US801409 A US 801409A US 3627580D A US3627580D A US 3627580DA US 3627580 A US3627580 A US 3627580A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
film
fields
stripe
magnetic
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US801409A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry J Krall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
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Publication of US3627580A publication Critical patent/US3627580A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/84—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing record carriers
    • G11B5/842—Coating a support with a liquid magnetic dispersion
    • G11B5/845—Coating a support with a liquid magnetic dispersion in a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the mm Prior to the time i50 i H0117! /080 when the wipe dries, the mm is exposed to a strong panic
  • Such particle orientation causes the particles to [56] References cued betclpme tu nidi rectiolnally magnetized, which COITlblllflIlOi] WI coa mg irregu an ies increases measura c noise eve.
  • the invention provides that the film be 3,1 Bauer l X exposed to alte nating magneic fields of gradually decreasing 3,256,1 12 6/1966 Camras 1 17/238 strength, such fields being disposed after the coating dries and l Fl'ledmal'l before the is wound
  • the invention may be practiced in 34l6'949 12/1968 Camras 117/238 UX the manufacture of other magnetically sensitized recording 3,490,945 1/1970 Slovinsky 117/238 X b PRIOR ART THE INVENTION I8 /4 STOCK COATEI?
  • motion picture film with a magnetic recording stripe Prior to the invention, motion picture film with a magnetic recording stripe and been manufactured as follows: A web of photographically sensitized film was conveyed from a roll thereof to a windup stage under controlled lighting conditions. As the webs moved along, a hopper deposited a solution, containing a dispersion of elongated magnetic particles, along one edge of the film. Before the solution became dry, the web was passed through a strong magnetic field, parallel to the length of the web, to cause the magnetic particles to orient so that their respective easy directions of magnetization, i.e. their respective major axes, were parallel to the length of the web. This was done so that audio recording on the stripe would be at high resultant" signal levels.
  • spools of film are placed on a rotating table and gradually exposed to a magnetic field of decreasing strength, thus randomizing the distribution of those particle fields which are oriented one way, or the other.
  • a random distribution of particle orientations produces a minimum net field in the vicinity of a sound-reproducing head: which is to say that such a distribution produces a minimum detectable noise.
  • noise As used throughout the specification, all references to noise" are to be taken as references to modulation noise. (noise which is of an AC nature, and which is dependent on the number and arrangement of particles in a magnetic coating, is also referred to by Athey, but use of the invention will have virtually no effect on removal ofAC noise.
  • the invention has nothing to do with the erasure of purposely recorded intelligence on a magnetic recording medium. Rather, the invention is concerned with supplying" spools of magnetically sensitized web material to users thereof, which spools need not be erased-to remove recorded manufacturing noise-prior to recording thereon. Supplying noise-free magnetically sensitized webs is especially critical in the case of motion picture film for the obvious reason that taking motion pictures, with accompanying audio, is a once-through-thecamera procedure. That is, magneticsound cameras and magnetic-sound printers are customarily built without erase heads,
  • the invention suggests, in the manufacture of magnetically sensitized webs, the in-line" use of alternating magnetic fields, which alternating fields are disposed in the direction of web travel after the stripe of oriented particles dries, but before the windup part of the process.
  • the alternating fields gradually decrease in strength from drier to windup; and the maximum field strength so employed is preferably at least that necessary to reverse the direction of saturation of the particles. Movement of the web through gradually decreasing alternating fields causes the respective field orientations of the individual particles, one way or the other, to be in accordance with a noiseless" statistical distribution, and this is so even through the axes of the particles are all disposed one way for purposes of improved recordability.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved process for manufacturing magnetically sensitized recording webs.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved process for manufacturing magnetic-recording webs devoid of manufacturing noise.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing motion picture film having a magnetically sensitized recording medium thereon, which method obviates the prior need for bulk-erasure of manufacturing noise from the film.
  • FIGURE shows the prior art method of manufacturing magnetically sensitized webs as improved by the invention.
  • a photographically sensitized web 10 of motion picture film is continuous from a roll 12 thereof to a windup section 14.
  • Magnetic particles, dispersed throughout a coating solution 16 are applied to the web 10 at a coating stage 18, say by means of a hopper.
  • the coating solution 16, as indicated by the cross section A, has the axes (and fields) of its magnetic particles oriented in all directions.
  • the orientation (and field) of a particle is shown by a small arrow, circled dots and circled crosses indicating, respectively, arrows out of and into the figure.
  • the coating solution as represented in cross section A, has the following irregularities: a depression 20, a mound 22, a bubble 24 and a cluster 25 of particles, all of which irregularities may inadvertently occur during application of the coating 16 to the web 10.
  • a magnetic pickup head disposed proximate the coating of the cross section A would see no resultant (noise) field at the depression 20; at the mound 22; at the bubble 24, or at the particle cluster 25.
  • the coated web 10 is passed through the core of a strong solenoid 26 before such coating dries (dryer 28).
  • the solenoid 26 exerts a magnetic field on the particles within the coating 16, causing such particles to orient so that their respective axes are all aligned parallel to the length of the web 10. See cross section B. Recording on a web with its particle axes parallel to the length of the web allows the individual particle fields to switch one way, or the other, in bunches according to the sound being recorded, i.e. at high signal levels.
  • the web 10 of magnetically sensitized film would be spooled directly by the windup 14; after which the spooled film would have to be bulk-erased, as noted above, so it could be supplied noise-free to users thereof.
  • the invention suggests that decreasing altemating fields be disposed between the dryer 28 and windup section 14 of the process.
  • at least ten field reversals are provided by an array of equal-strength bar magnets, 30a through k, which magnets are progressively positioned father and farther from the web 10.
  • the magnets are preferably disposed normally to the web 10; and the magnets are so positioned with respect to the web 10 that their respective effective fields at the web decrease progressively in increments of about percent.
  • the effective strength of the magnet 30a at the web is about that necessary to switch the orientations of the fields of the magnetically saturated particles.
  • the magnet 30a will tend to switch the fields of most particles; the magnet 30b will switch fewer fields, the magnet 300 still fewer, etc.
  • Attendantly a randomized orientation, one way or the other, of particle fields obtains, there being no net resultant noise field within the coating which can be pickup up by a sound reproducing head.
  • the cross section C of the figure shows the axes of all particle similarly oriented, their respective fields being statistically distributed, one way or the other, regardless of the coating irregularities 22", 24", 25". After being wound into spools, the film may be used without further processing.
  • a process for the manufacture of motion picture film having a magnetic recording stripe thereon comprising the steps of a. conveying a web of photographically sensitized film from a source thereof to a windup section 4 b. striping a fluid coating of magnetically sensitized material on said film before said film reaches the windup section,
  • the said fluid contains elongated magnetic particles, wherein the alternating magnetic fields are provided by an array of permanent magnets, and wherein at least one of the alternating fields is strong enough to switch the magnetization of the particles within the stripe.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US801409A 1969-02-24 1969-02-24 Manufacture of magnetically sensitized webs Expired - Lifetime US3627580A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80140969A 1969-02-24 1969-02-24

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US3627580A true US3627580A (en) 1971-12-14

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US801409A Expired - Lifetime US3627580A (en) 1969-02-24 1969-02-24 Manufacture of magnetically sensitized webs

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US (1) US3627580A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE746382A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2008325B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2033015A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1291366A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953656A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-04-27 Tdk Electronic Company Magnetic recording medium and preparation thereof
EP0005845A1 (en) * 1978-06-05 1979-12-12 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing magnetic media
US4281043A (en) * 1973-10-31 1981-07-28 Graham Magnetics, Inc. Polymodal magnetic recording media and compositions useful therein
US4451535A (en) * 1980-07-16 1984-05-29 Eastman Kodak Company Magnetic recording elements, process for making the same and their use in recording
US4518626A (en) * 1982-12-29 1985-05-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Process for preparing magnetic recording medium
US4544574A (en) * 1982-11-29 1985-10-01 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium
US4578280A (en) * 1983-03-08 1986-03-25 Agfa-Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a magnetic recording material with perpendicular orientation
US4931309A (en) * 1988-01-18 1990-06-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing magnetic recording medium
US5420742A (en) * 1993-07-30 1995-05-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Degausser for tape with plural recorded segments
US20040051297A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2004-03-18 Flex Products, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US20040151827A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-08-05 Flex Products, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Opaque flake for covert security applications
US20050037192A1 (en) * 2003-08-14 2005-02-17 Flex Prodcuts, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Flake for covert security applications
US20050106367A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2005-05-19 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US20050123755A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2005-06-09 Flex Products Inc. Alignable diffractive pigment flakes
US20060097515A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2006-05-11 Jds Uniphase Corporation Kinematic images formed by orienting alignable flakes
JP2008310932A (ja) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-25 Hitachi Maxell Ltd 磁気記録媒体の消磁装置及び消磁方法
US7550197B2 (en) 2003-08-14 2009-06-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Non-toxic flakes for authentication of pharmaceutical articles
US7625632B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2009-12-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Alignable diffractive pigment flakes and method and apparatus for alignment and images formed therefrom
US7645510B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-01-12 Jds Uniphase Corporation Provision of frames or borders around opaque flakes for covert security applications
US7667895B2 (en) 1999-07-08 2010-02-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned structures with optically variable effects
US7674501B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-03-09 Jds Uniphase Corporation Two-step method of coating an article for security printing by application of electric or magnetic field
US7729026B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-06-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Security device with metameric features using diffractive pigment flakes
US7876481B2 (en) 1999-07-08 2011-01-25 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned optical structures with enhanced security feature
US7934451B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2011-05-03 Jds Uniphase Corporation Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US8025952B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2011-09-27 Jds Uniphase Corporation Printed magnetic ink overt security image
US8118963B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2012-02-21 Alberto Argoitia Stamping a coating of cured field aligned special effect flakes and image formed thereby
US8343615B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2013-01-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (DACOD) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures
US8658280B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2014-02-25 Jds Uniphase Corporation Taggent flakes for covert security applications having a selected shape
US9102195B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2015-08-11 Jds Uniphase Corporation Article with curved patterns formed of aligned pigment flakes
US9164575B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2015-10-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Provision of frames or borders around pigment flakes for covert security applications
US9458324B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2016-10-04 Viava Solutions Inc. Flakes with undulate borders and method of forming thereof
US10343436B2 (en) 2006-02-27 2019-07-09 Viavi Solutions Inc. Security device formed by printing with special effect inks
US11230127B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2022-01-25 Viavi Solutions Inc. Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US11768321B2 (en) 2000-01-21 2023-09-26 Viavi Solutions Inc. Optically variable security devices
US12204120B2 (en) 2006-03-06 2025-01-21 Viavi Solutions Inc. Optically variable security devices

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56117336A (en) * 1980-02-19 1981-09-14 Sony Corp Manufacture of magnetic recording medium
JPS56119938A (en) * 1980-02-22 1981-09-19 Sony Corp Production of magnetic recording medium
DE3736024C1 (en) * 1987-10-24 1989-03-23 Agfa Gevaert Ag Demagnetising device

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2784259A (en) * 1952-12-17 1957-03-05 Armour Res Found Recording and erase head for magnetic recorders
GB933762A (en) * 1958-12-04 1963-08-14 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to magnetic recording media
US3150995A (en) * 1961-04-28 1964-09-29 Rca Corp Magnetic recording element having diisocyanate-based elastomer binder and method forpreparing same
US3256112A (en) * 1962-07-23 1966-06-14 Iit Res Inst Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic particles of a recording medium and magnetic recording medium
GB1116011A (en) * 1965-07-23 1968-06-06 Lew William Karalus Recording tape
US3413141A (en) * 1965-09-02 1968-11-26 Ibm Method and apparatus for making oriented magnetic recording media
US3416949A (en) * 1965-08-02 1968-12-17 Iit Res Inst Low noise record medium and method for producing the same
US3490945A (en) * 1966-11-15 1970-01-20 Rca Corp Magnetic recording element and method for preparing same

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2784259A (en) * 1952-12-17 1957-03-05 Armour Res Found Recording and erase head for magnetic recorders
GB933762A (en) * 1958-12-04 1963-08-14 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to magnetic recording media
US3150995A (en) * 1961-04-28 1964-09-29 Rca Corp Magnetic recording element having diisocyanate-based elastomer binder and method forpreparing same
US3256112A (en) * 1962-07-23 1966-06-14 Iit Res Inst Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic particles of a recording medium and magnetic recording medium
GB1116011A (en) * 1965-07-23 1968-06-06 Lew William Karalus Recording tape
US3416949A (en) * 1965-08-02 1968-12-17 Iit Res Inst Low noise record medium and method for producing the same
US3413141A (en) * 1965-09-02 1968-11-26 Ibm Method and apparatus for making oriented magnetic recording media
US3490945A (en) * 1966-11-15 1970-01-20 Rca Corp Magnetic recording element and method for preparing same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Spratt, Magnetic Tape Recording, 2 65, pages 15, 109, 112, 114 *

Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953656A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-04-27 Tdk Electronic Company Magnetic recording medium and preparation thereof
US4281043A (en) * 1973-10-31 1981-07-28 Graham Magnetics, Inc. Polymodal magnetic recording media and compositions useful therein
EP0005845A1 (en) * 1978-06-05 1979-12-12 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing magnetic media
US4208447A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-06-17 International Business Machines Corporation Method for disorienting magnetic particles
US4451535A (en) * 1980-07-16 1984-05-29 Eastman Kodak Company Magnetic recording elements, process for making the same and their use in recording
US4544574A (en) * 1982-11-29 1985-10-01 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium
US4518626A (en) * 1982-12-29 1985-05-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Process for preparing magnetic recording medium
US4578280A (en) * 1983-03-08 1986-03-25 Agfa-Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a magnetic recording material with perpendicular orientation
US4931309A (en) * 1988-01-18 1990-06-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing magnetic recording medium
US5420742A (en) * 1993-07-30 1995-05-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Degausser for tape with plural recorded segments
US7876481B2 (en) 1999-07-08 2011-01-25 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned optical structures with enhanced security feature
US7667895B2 (en) 1999-07-08 2010-02-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned structures with optically variable effects
US7880943B2 (en) 1999-07-08 2011-02-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned optical structures with enhanced security feature
US11768321B2 (en) 2000-01-21 2023-09-26 Viavi Solutions Inc. Optically variable security devices
US9257059B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2016-02-09 Viavi Solutions Inc. Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (DACOD) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures
US10173455B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2019-01-08 Viavi Solutions Inc. Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (DACOD) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures
US8726806B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2014-05-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US10059137B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2018-08-28 Viavi Solutions Inc. Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US9522402B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2016-12-20 Viavi Solutions Inc. Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US20060097515A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2006-05-11 Jds Uniphase Corporation Kinematic images formed by orienting alignable flakes
US9027479B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2015-05-12 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US7517578B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2009-04-14 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US7047883B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2006-05-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US7604855B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2009-10-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Kinematic images formed by orienting alignable flakes
US7625632B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2009-12-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Alignable diffractive pigment flakes and method and apparatus for alignment and images formed therefrom
US8343615B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2013-01-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (DACOD) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures
US20050106367A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2005-05-19 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US11230127B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2022-01-25 Viavi Solutions Inc. Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
EP2165774A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2010-03-24 JDS Uniphase Corporation Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US7934451B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2011-05-03 Jds Uniphase Corporation Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US20040051297A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2004-03-18 Flex Products, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Method and apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes
US7674501B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-03-09 Jds Uniphase Corporation Two-step method of coating an article for security printing by application of electric or magnetic field
US9458324B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2016-10-04 Viava Solutions Inc. Flakes with undulate borders and method of forming thereof
US8025952B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2011-09-27 Jds Uniphase Corporation Printed magnetic ink overt security image
US8118963B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2012-02-21 Alberto Argoitia Stamping a coating of cured field aligned special effect flakes and image formed thereby
US7645510B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-01-12 Jds Uniphase Corporation Provision of frames or borders around opaque flakes for covert security applications
US8658280B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2014-02-25 Jds Uniphase Corporation Taggent flakes for covert security applications having a selected shape
US20040151827A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-08-05 Flex Products, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Opaque flake for covert security applications
US8999616B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2015-04-07 Jds Uniphase Corporation Taggent flakes for covert security applications having a selected shape
US20050123755A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2005-06-09 Flex Products Inc. Alignable diffractive pigment flakes
US7241489B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2007-07-10 Jds Uniphase Corporation Opaque flake for covert security applications
USRE45762E1 (en) 2002-09-13 2015-10-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Printed magnetic ink overt security image
US9164575B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2015-10-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Provision of frames or borders around pigment flakes for covert security applications
US7300695B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2007-11-27 Jds Uniphase Corporation Alignable diffractive pigment flakes
US7729026B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2010-06-01 Jds Uniphase Corporation Security device with metameric features using diffractive pigment flakes
US20050037192A1 (en) * 2003-08-14 2005-02-17 Flex Prodcuts, Inc., A Jds Uniphase Company Flake for covert security applications
US7258915B2 (en) 2003-08-14 2007-08-21 Jds Uniphase Corporation Flake for covert security applications
US7550197B2 (en) 2003-08-14 2009-06-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Non-toxic flakes for authentication of pharmaceutical articles
US12275260B2 (en) 2006-02-27 2025-04-15 Viavi Solutions Inc. Security device formed by printing with special effect inks
US10343436B2 (en) 2006-02-27 2019-07-09 Viavi Solutions Inc. Security device formed by printing with special effect inks
US11504990B2 (en) 2006-02-27 2022-11-22 Viavi Solutions Inc. Security device formed by printing with special effect inks
US12204120B2 (en) 2006-03-06 2025-01-21 Viavi Solutions Inc. Optically variable security devices
JP2008310932A (ja) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-25 Hitachi Maxell Ltd 磁気記録媒体の消磁装置及び消磁方法
US10232660B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2019-03-19 Viavi Solutions Inc. Article with curved patterns formed of aligned pigment flakes
US11198315B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2021-12-14 Viavi Solutions Inc. Article with curved patterns formed of aligned pigment flakes
US10752042B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2020-08-25 Viavi Solutions Inc. Article with dynamic frame formed with aligned pigment flakes
US10562333B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2020-02-18 Viavi Solutions Inc. Article with curved patterns formed of aligned pigment flakes
US10259254B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2019-04-16 Viavi Solutions Inc. Article with a dynamic frame formed with aligned pigment flakes
US9102195B2 (en) 2012-01-12 2015-08-11 Jds Uniphase Corporation Article with curved patterns formed of aligned pigment flakes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1291366A (en) 1972-10-04
DE2008325B2 (de) 1973-07-05
FR2033015A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-27
BE746382A (fr) 1970-07-31
DE2008325A1 (de) 1970-11-12

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