US3626481A - Heat exchangers - Google Patents

Heat exchangers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3626481A
US3626481A US3961A US3626481DA US3626481A US 3626481 A US3626481 A US 3626481A US 3961 A US3961 A US 3961A US 3626481D A US3626481D A US 3626481DA US 3626481 A US3626481 A US 3626481A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
exchange tubes
tubes
support
strip material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US3961A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Derek Taylor
Reginald Philip Hardingham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Original Assignee
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Atomic Energy Authority filed Critical UK Atomic Energy Authority
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3626481A publication Critical patent/US3626481A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/33—Arrangements for noise damping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0133—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by concentric strips
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/40—Shell enclosed conduit assembly
    • Y10S165/401—Shell enclosed conduit assembly including tube support or shell-side flow director
    • Y10S165/416—Extending transverse of shell, e.g. fin, baffle
    • Y10S165/423—Bar
    • Y10S165/424—Bar forming grid structure

Definitions

  • the tubes are in concentric rows and the structural components carrying the zigzag support members are in the form of annular strips extending between alternate rows of the tubes the rows of tubes on either side of the annular strips being supported by zigzag support members attached to each side of the annular strips.
  • PATENTEDBEC new 3626L481 SHEET 1 [IF 3 PATENTED um 71971 sum 3 UF 3 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to heat exchangers, and in particular to that kind of heat exchanger in which an array of tubes is arranged in a container (often termed a tube-in-shell' type of heat exchanger), one heat exchange fluid flowing in contract with the exterior of the tubes and another heat exchanger fluid flowing within the tubes.
  • a container often termed a tube-in-shell' type of heat exchanger
  • a heat exchanger in which a parallel array of heat exchanger tubes is arranged in a container includes a support structure for maintaining correct lateral spacing of the tubes, said support structure comprising a structural framework having components extending laterally through the spaces between the tubes and support members for the tubes mounted on the components of the structural framework, said support members being adapted to provide lateral support for rows of the heat exchange tubes, the support members comprising strip material bent in the form of a zigzag so that adjacent flanks of the zigzag strip material are adapted to contact and provide lateral location for the heat exchange tubes, the apexes of the zigzag strip material, at least on one side, comprising looped portions capable of being opened or closed so as to allow variation in the angle between the flanks of the zigzag strip material on either side of the looped portions to provide for adaptation of the zigzag strip material to conform with variations of pitch in the rows of heat exchanger tubes.
  • said support structure for maintaining correct lateral spacing of the heat exchange tubes may comprise main radially extending components and radially spaced part annular strips connected at their ends to the radially extending components, the part annular strips being disposed so as to extend circumferentially through alternate spaces between the concentric rows of heat exchange tubes, a support member of zigzag strip material having truncated apexes along one side being secured at the truncated apexes to each side of each part annular strip, the non secured apexes of the support members of zigzag strip material comprising looped portions, the part annular strips of the structural framework and the support members of zigzag strip material being edge-on to axial flow of heat exchange fluid over the heat exchange tubes, adjacent flanks of the support members of zigzag strip material contacting and providing lateral location for the corresponding heat exchange tubes, the angle between the tube supporting adjacent flanks of
  • FIG. I is a fragmentary plan view of a quarter of a structure for maintaining correct lateral spacing of tubes in a heat exchanger, the other three quarters being similar,
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged detached plan view and illustrates a detail of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the first stage in the fabrication of generally corrugated strip for the said structure
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the second stage in said fabrication
  • FIG. 5 illustrates generally the third stage in said fabricatron
  • FIG. 6 illustrates one alternative for said third stage
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another alternative for said third stage.
  • a heat exchanger of the tube-in-shell type has a cylindrical container 10 whose wall is shown in section in FIG. 1 and designated 11. There is also a concentric inner wall 12 providing a central passage 13 for heat exchange fluid to flow in one axial direction in the container 10 before reversing to flow over heat exchange tubes 14 in the annulus A between walls 11 and 12.
  • the tubes 14 are arranged in concentric annular rows, with the spacing between adjacent tubes in all rows kept constant. Taking the registering tubes of all the annular rows which are nearest to one radial end of the quarter of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. I (the tubes 14 designated R in FIG.
  • the remaining tubes 14 in that quarter do not form into radial rows; rather the remaining rows are generally parallel to the row of tubes R up to a region where the curvature of the annular rows distorts the pattern.
  • the first row (tubes R) again is parallel to truly radial, as can be seen from FIG. 1, and so on.
  • a structure 15 comprising an inner annular structural member (one quarter being shown in FIG. I designated 16), an outer annular structure member (one quarter being shown in FIG. I designated 17), radial structural members 18 (two being shown in FIG. 1) secured at their ends to the members 16 and 17 respectively, and part-annular strips 19 disposed between alternate concentric rows of tubes 14 and secured at one of their ends to a radial structural member 18.
  • the secured end of each strip 19 is welded to a triangular fillet 20 on the radial member 18; the other end is slotted into a fitting 21 on the succeeding radial member 18 which fitting 21 allows a measure of expansion and contraction.
  • Each part-annular strip 19 has the plane of its width parallel to the longitudinal axis of the container 10, that is, it is edgeon to axial flow of heat exchange fluid external to the tubes 14.
  • a support member of strip material bent in the form of a zigzag which is curved to fit the curvature of its strip 19. That support member on the concave side of each strip 19 is designated generally 22, and that on the convex side of each strip 19 is designated generally 23.
  • the support members 22, 23 are each bent in the following manner. Ordinary angle bends are transformed to five truncated apexes 24 at one side and apexes with looped portions 25 on the other side. This can be seen in FIG. 1 and more clearly in the enlarged view of FIG. 2.
  • the straight truncated portions 24 are each welded to the part-annular strip 19, and the flanks of the angular portions 26 serve to engage the heat exchange tubes at what approximates to line contact at two spaced positions round each tube I4.
  • the looped portions 25 lie between adjacent tubes 14, and are capable of being opened or closed as necessary, to allow a measure of flexibility in adapting each support member 22, 23 to the pitch of the tubes 14, it being realized that due to the curvature of the strips 19, the annular length of the support member 23 on the convex side of the strip 19 will be shorter than that of the support member 22 on the concave side with the correct constant concentric spacing of the tubes 14 retained.
  • FIG. 1 also shows how structures at succeeding levels of the heat exchanger are staggered, the strips 19 at one level being between different concentric rows of tubes 14 at the adjacent levels.
  • the fact that the axes of the tubes M 'at the two levels illustrated in FIG. 1 do not exactly register is due to the fact that the way in which the tubes are restrained against vibration is to exert opposed constraint against them (by the support members 22, 23) at succeeding levels; exaggerated, each tube would have a wave like bend along its length.
  • FIG. 3 shows plain strip 27 being fed stepwise to a press 28 having engaging dies 29, 30 to impart ordinary angle bends of approximately 45 to the plane of the strip.
  • FIG. 4 shows the angled strip being fed stepwise to a press 31 which has two identical lower dies 32, each with a recess 33 at its bottom, a first upper die 34 which has a ridge 35 on an angled body 36, and a second, spring-loaded upper die 37 having an angled body 38 projecting from a flat portion 39.
  • the first upper and lower dies 34, 32 respectively cooperate to provide the looped portion 25 on succeeding bottom apexes of the angled strip, whilst the second upper and lower dies 37, 32 respectively, cooperate to produce the truncated apexes 24 and to alter the angle of the angled portions of the strips from 45 to the plane of the unbent strip to approximately 37% thereto.
  • FIG. shows how the strip produced by the press shown in FIG. 4 is adapted for length and also given its approximate curvature.
  • a press 40 has a tool 41 which distorts the looped portion 25, either as shown in FIG.
  • the complete structure is made up employing jigs to obtain the correct spacing for the tubes 14, the truncated apexes 24 being finally welded to the strips 19 when the correct positions for contacting the tubes 14 are accomplished.
  • the looped portions 25 allow any necessary last-minute adjustments, as determined by the jigs, to be made.
  • the inner annular structural member 16 carries a support member 23 supporting the inner row of tubes 14 whereas in the adjacent structure 15 the outer annular structural member 17 carries a support member 22 supporting the outer row of tubes 14.
  • the arrangement may be applied to a heat exchanger having an even number of concentric rows of heat exchange tubes 14 in which case the one structure 15 would have support members 22 and 23 respectively on the outer and inner annular structural members 17 and 16 supporting the outer and inner rows of tubes M whereas in the adjacent support structure 15 the inner and outer rows of tubes 14 would be supported by support members carried by the part annular strips 19 occupying the spacers between the inner and next row of heat exchange tubes 14 and the outer and inner adjacent rows of tubes 14.
  • a heat exchanger in which a parallel array of heat exchange tubes is arranged in a container, including a support structure for maintaining correct lateral spacing of the tubes, said support structure comprising a structural framework having components extending laterally through the spaces between the tubes and support members for the tubes mounted on the components of the structural framework, said support members being adapted to provide lateral support for rows of the heat exchange tubes, the support members comprising strip material bent in the form of a zigzag so that adjacent flanks of the zigzag strip material are adapted to contact and provide lateral location for the heat exchange tubes, the apexes of the zigzag strip material, at least on one side, comprising a length of strip material greater than the length required for the flanks to meet at a point, said length forming looped portions capable of being opened or closed so as to allow variation in the angle between the flanks of the zigzag strip material on either side of the looped portions to provide for adaption of the zigzag strip material to conform with variations ofpitch in the rows of heat exchange
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 having a plurality of support structures disposed at spaced positions along the length of the heat exchange tubes, the part annular strips of the structural framework in each support structure being disposed so as to extend through the spaces between concentric rows of the heat exchange tubes which are unoccupied by the part annular strips of the structural frameworks of adjacent support structures, the arrangement being such that with respect to each heat exchange tube the support members of adjacent support structures act on the heat exchange tube in opposite directions.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3 having an odd number of concentric rows of heat exchange tubes, each of the support structures having an inner peripheral component extending circumferentially inside the inner row of heat exchange tubes and an outer peripheral component extending circumferentially around the outer row of heat exchange tubes, the inner row of heat exchange tubes being supported from each of the inner peripheral components in alternate support structures by a support member of zigzag strip material similar to the support members of zigzag strip material which support the heat exchange tubes in the body of the support structures, the part annular strips carrying the support members in the body of said alternate support structures occupying alternate spaces between the concentric rows of heat exchange tubes starting with the space between the second and third concentric rows of heat exchange tubes from the inside and ending with the space between the outer and inner adjacent row of heat exchange tubes, the outer row of heat exchange tubes being supported from each of the outer peripheral components of the other alternate support structures by a support member of zigzag strip material also similar to the support members of zigzag strip materiai which support the heat exchange tubes in the body of the support structures,
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3 having an even number of concentric rows of heat exchange tubes, alternate support structures along the length of the heat exchange tubes having an inner peripheral component extending circumferentially inside the inner row of heat exchange tubes and an outer peripheral component extending circumferentially around the outer row of heat exchange tubes,'the inner and outer peripheral components in said alternate support structures carrying support members of zigzag strip material which support the inner and outer rows of heat exchange tubes, said support members of zigzag strip material being similar to the support members of zigzag strip material which support the heat exchange tubes in the body of the support structures, the part annular strips carrying the support members in the body of the said alternate support structures occupying alternate spaces between the concentric rows of heat exchange tubes starting with the space between the second and third rows of heat exchange tubes from the inside and ending with the space between the second and third rows of heat exchange tubes from the outside, the part annular strips carrying the support members in the body of the other alternate support structures occupying alternate spaces between the concentric rows of heat exchange tubes starting with the space between the inner and second row of
  • a heat exchanger in which a parallel array of heat exchange tubes is arranged in a container including a support structure for maintaining correct lateral spacing of the tubes, said support structure comprising a structural framework having components extending laterally through the spaces between alternate rows of tubes, the tubes and support members for the tubes mounted on either side of the components of the structural framework, said support members being adapted to provide lateral support for the two rows of heat exchange tubes on the two sides of each component carrying the support members, the support members comprising strip material bent in the form of a zigzag so that adjacent flanks of the zigzag strip material are adapted to contact and provide lateral location for the heat exchange tubes, the apexes of the zigzag strip material, at least on one side, comprising a length of strip material greater than the length required for the flanks to meet at a point, said length forming looped portions capable of being opened or closed so as to allow variation in the angle between the flanks of the zigzag strip material on either side of the looped portions to provide for adaption of

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US3961A 1969-01-28 1970-01-19 Heat exchangers Expired - Lifetime US3626481A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4770/69A GB1280662A (en) 1969-01-28 1969-01-28 Improvements in or relating to tubular heat exchangers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3626481A true US3626481A (en) 1971-12-07

Family

ID=9783488

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3961A Expired - Lifetime US3626481A (en) 1969-01-28 1970-01-19 Heat exchangers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3626481A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2003197A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES375961A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2029574B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1280662A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE359372B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3989105A (en) * 1972-02-22 1976-11-02 Georges Trepaud Heat exchanger
US4058161A (en) * 1974-12-05 1977-11-15 Georges Trepaud Heat exchanger
US4088184A (en) * 1976-03-10 1978-05-09 General Atomic Company Tube support and protection system for helical coil heat exchangers
US4336614A (en) * 1978-09-19 1982-06-22 Nuclear Power Company Limited Tube-in-shell heat exchangers
US4384697A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-05-24 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp. Tube bundle support structure
WO1983002821A1 (en) * 1982-02-08 1983-08-18 Ga Technologies Inc Tube support grid and spacer therefor
US4573528A (en) * 1981-01-08 1986-03-04 Georges Trepaud Heat exchangers with clusters of straight or corrugated tubes, especially to systems for supporting the tubes at fixed and movable axial levels
US5104093A (en) * 1991-02-27 1992-04-14 Robertshaw Controls Company Fuel control device, valve member therefor and methods of making the same
US5186247A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-02-16 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Ag High temperature/pressure gas tubular heat exchanger
US6186223B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2001-02-13 Zeks Air Drier Corporation Corrugated folded plate heat exchanger
US6244333B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2001-06-12 Zeks Air Drier Corporation Corrugated folded plate heat exchanger
US20050279487A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2005-12-22 Wanni Amar S Anti-vibration tube support
US20070023173A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Nelson John A Heat exchanger
US20140209599A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Energyield, Llc Energy harvesting container
US20160061441A1 (en) * 2013-04-25 2016-03-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Vibration suppression member for heat transfer tube and its manufacturing method, vibration suppression device and method for heat transfer tube, and steam generator

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782455A (en) * 1972-05-01 1974-01-01 Atomic Energy Commission Heat exchanger tube mounts
FR2355191A1 (fr) * 1976-06-16 1978-01-13 Creusot Loire Dispositif de maintien d'une nappe de tubes a l'interieur d'une enceinte
US4154295A (en) * 1977-02-02 1979-05-15 General Atomic Company Heat exchanger tube support assembly
FR2420735A2 (fr) * 1978-03-24 1979-10-19 Trepaud Georges Echangeur de chaleur a faisceau tubulaire

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3139070A (en) * 1961-01-31 1964-06-30 Babcock & Wilcox Co Vapor generating unit
GB1017455A (en) * 1962-06-08 1966-01-19 Motala Verkstad Ab Staying device for tubes, rods and the like in steam generators, heat exchangers andthe like
US3336974A (en) * 1965-05-05 1967-08-22 United Aircraft Corp Serpentine tube boiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1411464A (fr) * 1964-10-13 1965-09-17 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Grille d'écartement pour échangeurs de chaleur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3139070A (en) * 1961-01-31 1964-06-30 Babcock & Wilcox Co Vapor generating unit
GB1017455A (en) * 1962-06-08 1966-01-19 Motala Verkstad Ab Staying device for tubes, rods and the like in steam generators, heat exchangers andthe like
US3336974A (en) * 1965-05-05 1967-08-22 United Aircraft Corp Serpentine tube boiler

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3989105A (en) * 1972-02-22 1976-11-02 Georges Trepaud Heat exchanger
US4058161A (en) * 1974-12-05 1977-11-15 Georges Trepaud Heat exchanger
US4088184A (en) * 1976-03-10 1978-05-09 General Atomic Company Tube support and protection system for helical coil heat exchangers
US4336614A (en) * 1978-09-19 1982-06-22 Nuclear Power Company Limited Tube-in-shell heat exchangers
US4573528A (en) * 1981-01-08 1986-03-04 Georges Trepaud Heat exchangers with clusters of straight or corrugated tubes, especially to systems for supporting the tubes at fixed and movable axial levels
US4384697A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-05-24 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp. Tube bundle support structure
WO1983002821A1 (en) * 1982-02-08 1983-08-18 Ga Technologies Inc Tube support grid and spacer therefor
US5104093A (en) * 1991-02-27 1992-04-14 Robertshaw Controls Company Fuel control device, valve member therefor and methods of making the same
US5186247A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-02-16 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Ag High temperature/pressure gas tubular heat exchanger
US6186223B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2001-02-13 Zeks Air Drier Corporation Corrugated folded plate heat exchanger
US6244333B1 (en) 1998-08-27 2001-06-12 Zeks Air Drier Corporation Corrugated folded plate heat exchanger
US20050279487A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2005-12-22 Wanni Amar S Anti-vibration tube support
US7793708B2 (en) * 2004-06-18 2010-09-14 Exxonmobil Research & Engineering Company Anti-vibration tube support
US20070023173A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Nelson John A Heat exchanger
US20140209599A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Energyield, Llc Energy harvesting container
US9913321B2 (en) * 2013-01-25 2018-03-06 Energyield, Llc Energy harvesting container
US20160061441A1 (en) * 2013-04-25 2016-03-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Vibration suppression member for heat transfer tube and its manufacturing method, vibration suppression device and method for heat transfer tube, and steam generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE359372B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-27
DE7002412U (de) 1970-07-09
DE2003197A1 (de) 1970-07-30
ES375961A1 (es) 1972-09-01
FR2029574B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-05-24
GB1280662A (en) 1972-07-05
FR2029574A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3626481A (en) Heat exchangers
US3545534A (en) Heat exchangers
SU1314963A3 (ru) Трубчато-пластинчатый теплообменник
US4313797A (en) Guide tube sleeve
SU854281A3 (ru) Опорное устройство дл трубКОжуХОТРубНОгО ТЕплООбМЕННиКА
US3292691A (en) Tube spacing means
US3420297A (en) Heat exchanger tube support and spacing structure
US4204570A (en) Helical spacer for heat exchanger tube bundle
DE2554597C3 (de) Wärmetauscher großer Abmessung für den Betrieb bei hohen Temperaturen und Drucken
US3822741A (en) Tubular heat exchanger with stress-relieving structure
US3249154A (en) Heat exchanger
JPS6023280B2 (ja) 容器内におけるパイプ列保持装置
FI78982C (fi) Vaermevaexlare.
US3200848A (en) Heat exchanger tubes
US3472316A (en) Layered heat exchanger with interlocking header plates
US3896874A (en) Support system for serpentine tubes of a heat exchanger
US4198002A (en) Reactor distribution duct
US5005637A (en) Heat exchanger U-bend tube support
US3111168A (en) Heat exchangers
US3326282A (en) Arrangement for fastening spiral wire spacers in tubular heat exchangers
JPH0310196A (ja) 燃料要素支持グリッド
US3643735A (en) Fin and tube heat exchanger
GB2004361B (en) Heat exchanger especially recuperator for high temperature reactors
US3955620A (en) Heat exchanger
US3734178A (en) Heat exchanger