US3624237A - Apparatus for bonding together metal sheets by explosive welding - Google Patents

Apparatus for bonding together metal sheets by explosive welding Download PDF

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Publication number
US3624237A
US3624237A US860280A US3624237DA US3624237A US 3624237 A US3624237 A US 3624237A US 860280 A US860280 A US 860280A US 3624237D A US3624237D A US 3624237DA US 3624237 A US3624237 A US 3624237A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
explosive
disk
metal sheets
bonding together
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US860280A
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English (en)
Inventor
Per Ingemar Persson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitro Nobel AB
Original Assignee
Nitro Nobel AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitro Nobel AB filed Critical Nitro Nobel AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3624237A publication Critical patent/US3624237A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08—Explosive welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
    • Y10S428/924—Composite
    • Y10S428/926—Thickness of individual layer specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249982—With component specified as adhesive or bonding agent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249982—With component specified as adhesive or bonding agent
    • Y10T428/249984—Adhesive or bonding component contains voids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31696—Including polyene monomers [e.g., butadiene, etc.]

Definitions

  • this invention relates to a method for bonding together metal sheets'by means-of explosive welding which means that a layer of explosive is applied to the exterior face of at least one of the sheets and that by detonation of said explosive so powerful a pressure or shock is produced between the sheets that these are metallically welded together.
  • This method is described e.g. in the Swedish Pat. specification 183,172.
  • an explosive such as pentaerythritol-tetranitrate (PETN) in a carrier of a porous material with open cells such as foamed plastic, for example.
  • PETN pentaerythritol-tetranitrate
  • the explosive is deposited in the pores in the fonn of crystals and the quantity per unit volume of the carrier is little.
  • One main object of the invention is to provide a method, which combines the advantages of both methods, while avoiding the drawbacks inherent to each of them in order to obtain perfect explosively welded products.
  • Another object of the invention is to utilize a carrier of the said type for bonding together thin metal sheets.
  • the invention is substantially characterized therein that placed on the one metal sheet is a disk of a porous substance having open cells, such as foamed plastic, in which particles of an explosive are distributed and in this state are brought to detonate. Due to the fact that the density of explosive per unit volume is little, it is avoided that the metal surface hit by the detonation shock wave is damaged or deformed even if the plate is thin and of so soft material as aluminum, for example.
  • An embodiment particularly suitable for carrying out the method is characterized thereby that the disk on its one side is connected with the one metal sheet to constitute a prefabricated unit.
  • reference numeral 10 denotes a disk of foamed plastic such as polyethylene, for example, having a low-volume weight such as 10 to 40 grams per cubic decimeter, for example. Deposited inside this disk are crystals of PETN as will b'e'described nearer more below.
  • a thin sheet 12 of a metal such as aluminum is united with the disk 10 to form a commercial unit.
  • the sheet 12 may have a thickness from a foil or film up to mm.
  • the disk is suitably covered by a reinforcing layer 14, e.g. made of hard fiber material and intended to prevent the thin metal sheet from becoming bent or deformed in other manner during transportation and the like.
  • the joining together of the parts l0, l2, 14 may be brought about by means of an adhesive in a manner known per se.
  • the disk 10 of foamed plastic has open cells, the walls of which are elastic so that the disk may be squeezed up like a sponge to regain its original volume upon relief from the squeezing pressure.
  • PETN is dissolved in acetone to a concentration of e.g. 15 percent of the explosive.
  • the disks of foamed plastic are then immersed into the solution and thereafter into cold water which results in that the explosive is deposited in crystal state on the walls of the pores of the foamed plastic, because the substance is nonsoluble in water.
  • the dissolution of the explosive in the acetone may be effected at room temperature.
  • the disk of foamed plastic may be kept immersed in said solution during about 3 minutes. Without being squeezed, the disk is then kept immersed in water during about 10 minutes. As an alternative, it may be squeezed up after having been kept immersed below the water surface during a shorter time such as 1 minute.
  • the disk of foamed p astic becomes capable of absorbing a greater quantity of explosive such as 0.06 to 0.08 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • the speed of detonation which in turn is dependent on the density of the explosive in the foamed plastic, was increased thereby to more than 1,700 meters, such as up to 1,900 meters per second.
  • the thickness of the disk of foamed plastic may be from 5 to 40 millimeters. With a disk thickness of 20 millimeters, aluminum sheets of 3 millimeters could be bonded together with plates of steel and copper.
  • the metal sheet 12 with the porous explosive containing disk 10 and the reinforcing layer 14 can be produced and sold as a product or piece goods ready for immediate use. It is thus only necessary to cut out a piece of this piece goods, which suits to the shape of the metal sheet 16 with which the metal sheet 12 is to be bonded together.
  • the initiation of the explosive is effected from one side edge of the disk by means of an electrically operated ignition device or detonator (not shown) in a manner known per se.
  • the disk of foamed plastic is to be thicker than the metal sheet 12 by many times, such as at least five times, and preferably so many as 20 to I00 times.
  • Apparatus for explosively welding a first metallic layer to a second metallic layer comprising a first relatively thin metallic layer having first and second surfaces, a carrier of opencelled foamed plastic material connected to said first surface of the thin metallic layer, explosive salt in crystal state deposited on the walls of the cells of said foamed material, so that when said second surface of the thin metallic layer is placed on the second layer and the explosive salt crystals are ignited, said first layer will be welded to the second layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US860280A 1968-09-23 1969-09-23 Apparatus for bonding together metal sheets by explosive welding Expired - Lifetime US3624237A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE12802/68A SE333859B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1968-09-23 1968-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3624237A true US3624237A (en) 1971-11-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US860280A Expired - Lifetime US3624237A (en) 1968-09-23 1969-09-23 Apparatus for bonding together metal sheets by explosive welding

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3624237A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1948139A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2018698A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1278818A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE333859B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899825A (en) * 1971-10-08 1975-08-19 Fischer Ag Georg Method and means for connecting electrical conductors to railroad rails
US4160062A (en) * 1975-03-27 1979-07-03 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Pyrotechnical sealing cord
WO2007123530A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-11-01 Reactive Nanotechnologies, Inc Method for fabricating large dimension bonds using reactive multilayer joining
US20080131700A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2008-06-05 Reactive Nanotechnologies, Inc Method For Fabricating Large Dimension Bonds Using Reactive Multilayer Joining

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1671792A (en) * 1927-04-02 1928-05-29 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method of impregnating absorptive material for use in explosives
GB513633A (en) * 1937-03-04 1939-10-18 American Cyanamid Co Improvements in or relating to explosives
US2576073A (en) * 1946-01-19 1951-11-20 American Cyanamid Co Fabricated structure comprising porous compositions of matter
US2845025A (en) * 1954-08-23 1958-07-29 Howard J Stark Low density cellular explosive foam and products made therefrom
US2888414A (en) * 1956-08-22 1959-05-26 Du Pont Process of preparing an open cell polyvinyl chloride sponge
US3213071A (en) * 1959-11-16 1965-10-19 Phillips Petroleum Co Foamed olefin polymer process
US3218199A (en) * 1963-08-14 1965-11-16 Du Pont Process for hardening metals using explosive means
US3437536A (en) * 1964-12-31 1969-04-08 Dow Chemical Co Bond strength for foam-metal laminates
US3496058A (en) * 1966-11-07 1970-02-17 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Metallic foam laminate
USRE26858E (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-04-21 Chudzik angle explosion bonding

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1671792A (en) * 1927-04-02 1928-05-29 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method of impregnating absorptive material for use in explosives
GB513633A (en) * 1937-03-04 1939-10-18 American Cyanamid Co Improvements in or relating to explosives
US2576073A (en) * 1946-01-19 1951-11-20 American Cyanamid Co Fabricated structure comprising porous compositions of matter
US2845025A (en) * 1954-08-23 1958-07-29 Howard J Stark Low density cellular explosive foam and products made therefrom
US2888414A (en) * 1956-08-22 1959-05-26 Du Pont Process of preparing an open cell polyvinyl chloride sponge
US3213071A (en) * 1959-11-16 1965-10-19 Phillips Petroleum Co Foamed olefin polymer process
US3218199A (en) * 1963-08-14 1965-11-16 Du Pont Process for hardening metals using explosive means
US3437536A (en) * 1964-12-31 1969-04-08 Dow Chemical Co Bond strength for foam-metal laminates
US3496058A (en) * 1966-11-07 1970-02-17 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Metallic foam laminate
USRE26858E (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-04-21 Chudzik angle explosion bonding

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899825A (en) * 1971-10-08 1975-08-19 Fischer Ag Georg Method and means for connecting electrical conductors to railroad rails
US4160062A (en) * 1975-03-27 1979-07-03 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Pyrotechnical sealing cord
US20080131700A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2008-06-05 Reactive Nanotechnologies, Inc Method For Fabricating Large Dimension Bonds Using Reactive Multilayer Joining
US20080145695A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2008-06-19 Reactive Nanotechnologies, Inc Assembly For Fabricating Large Dimension Bonds Using Reactive Multilayer Joining
US20080299410A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2008-12-04 Alan Duckham Method for fabricating large dimension bonds using reactive multilayer joining
US20090173626A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2009-07-09 Alan Duckham Method for fabricating temperature sensitive and sputter target assemblies using reactive multilayer joining
US7635076B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2009-12-22 Indium Corporation Of America Method for fabricating large dimension bonds using reactive multilayer joining
US7810704B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2010-10-12 Nanofoil Corporation Method for fabricating large dimension bonds using reactive multilayer joining
WO2007123530A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-11-01 Reactive Nanotechnologies, Inc Method for fabricating large dimension bonds using reactive multilayer joining

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1948139A1 (de) 1970-03-26
SE333859B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-03-29
FR2018698A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-06-26
GB1278818A (en) 1972-06-21

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