US3614769A - Full select-half select plasma display driver control - Google Patents

Full select-half select plasma display driver control Download PDF

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US3614769A
US3614769A US847141A US3614769DA US3614769A US 3614769 A US3614769 A US 3614769A US 847141 A US847141 A US 847141A US 3614769D A US3614769D A US 3614769DA US 3614769 A US3614769 A US 3614769A
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electroluminescent
electrodes
cell
signal
electrode
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William E Coleman
Robert R Skutt
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NCR Voyix Corp
National Cash Register Co
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NCR Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/291—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes
    • G09G3/293—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes for address discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/10—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using gas tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/291—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes
    • G09G3/294—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels controlling the gas discharge to control a cell condition, e.g. by means of specific pulse shapes for lighting or sustain discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296—Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/297—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels using opposed discharge type panels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0209—Crosstalk reduction, i.e. to reduce direct or indirect influences of signals directed to a certain pixel of the displayed image on other pixels of said image, inclusive of influences affecting pixels in different frames or fields or sub-images which constitute a same image, e.g. left and right images of a stereoscopic display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
    • G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A driver circuit in the form of a matrix formed by segment and character electrodes is utilized in a visual display for the selection of specific electroluminescent cells con taining an encapsulated gasv Cells are driven into ignition by alternating energizing segment and character electrodes connected to the selected cells.
  • the driver circuit utilizes a wall charge deposited on the individual cell walls during ignition of the cell, in the selection process for igniting selected cells.
  • the wall charge is also utilized in preventing unselected cells connected to the energized segment or character electrode from igniting after the initial energization of the selected segment electrode and selected character electrodes.
  • FIG. 5 P F U .hqmmzmw v wm sa INVENTORS WILLIAM E. COLEMAN a RgHERT R. SKUTT QZAM BY y) 9 FIG. 5
  • the X-Y system described in the Rogers US. patent relates to circuitry for selectively exciting a crossed grid electroluminescent display.
  • the above system includes means for applying suppression pulses to those drivers corresponding to unselected Y rows. This results in a potential difference at the crossover point of the unselected Y row and selected column electrodes, which is insufficient to ignite the cell interposed at that particular crossover point. Needless to say, this requires extensive and complex circuitry.
  • control has been the half-select mode, in which one-half of the necessary voltage is applied to a first electrode and the other half applied to a second electrode, thus applying full voltage across the selected cell, which is connected between the first and second electrodes.
  • Still others have prevented the spurious ignition of unselected cells by applying exciting voltages having particular phase relationships at the selected point.
  • the prior art also shows the application of variable impedances at the input of each row and column in order to prevent the luminescence of unselected cells.
  • the wall charge will be of a polarity opposite to that of the electric field which instigated the gas discharge.
  • the voltage contributed by the wall charge will be opposite in polarity to the applied electric field.
  • V is the applied voltage
  • V is the wall voltage
  • V is the voltage below which the cell is extinguished.
  • Information is visually displayed in a display device in the form of characters, the characters being formed by a group of electroluminescent cells containing an encapsulated gas.
  • the illumination is provided by a gaseous discharge within the cell which occurs upon the application of an electric field at the cell terminals, thereby igniting the cell.
  • the invention comprises a control circuit for selectively energizing the electroluminescent cells, each of which is capacitively coupled between two electrodes, such as a segment electrode and a character electrode.
  • the number of segment electrodes is determined by the number of cells per character, and the number of character electrodes is determined by the number of characters in the display device. Electrically, this easily takes on the form of a matrix in which the columns are called segment electrodes.
  • Each individual cell connected in a column is called a segment cell, and the segment cells in each row are connected to a character electrode.
  • One end of each segment electrode and each character electrode is connected to the same potential source.
  • the other ends of the segment and character electrodes are each connected to ground through individual driver transistors.
  • the energization of selected segment cells in a character line determines the information to be displayed.
  • Means are provided for logically controlling the drive transistors.
  • the wall charge produced in the unselected cells by the initial energization of the selected segment electrode always opposes the electric field created by all succeeding segment energizations and will no longer ignite. This is also true for the unselected cells connected to the energized character electrode, in which the wall voltage always opposes the electric field produced by the initial character electrode energization. However, such is not the case for the selected cell connected at the crossover point of the segment and character electrodes being energized.
  • the wall charge in the selected cell will reverse in polarity with each energization of the cell. This occurs because the alternate energization of the segment and character electrodes reverses the polarity of the electric field applied to the selected cell. Therefore the electric field will be of the same polarity as that of the wall charge.
  • the instant invention provides a simple driver circuit which is capable of exciting selected cells in a visual display and in which the power dissipation is small.
  • the invention further provides novel means for suppressing the spurious ignition of unselected cells by the proper utilization of the wall charge in the unselected cells and also permits the ignition of the selected cells with a wide range of firing voltages because of the wall charge associated with the selected cells.
  • FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a plasma cell that can be utilized with the instant invention.
  • FIG. 1B is a plan view of a representative visual display.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic driver scheme comprising the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a plurality of waveforms illustrating the operation of the circuits shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plurality of waveforms illustrating the operation of the circuits shown in FIG. ii.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1A is representative of an electroluminescent display cell which can be used with the present invention.
  • the cell 1 usually comprises a glass sandwich encapsulating a gas at a particular pressure.
  • a discharge which occurs in the encapsulated gas and provides sufficient illumination for use in visual displays will occur within the cell 1 upon the application of a particular potential V, between electrodes 2 and 3, the electrodes being located externally of the cell in order to utilize its capacitive properties.
  • the electrons and ions created by the discharge will attach to the anode and cathode sides of the glass cell, respectively, to produce what is commonly referred to as the wall charge.
  • the voltage V,, attributed to the wall charge has a polarity opposite to that of the applied voltage V, which initiated the discharge.
  • V, and V are additive, thereby causing another discharge to occur and permitting the use of a voltage V which can be at a lower level than that which originally initiated the discharge.
  • FIG. 1B shows a plurality of cells of the type illustrated in FIG. 1A combined to fonn a conventional seven-bar code matrix 62, comprising seven individual segments 21. Individual ones of these segments can be selectively energized to fonn desired numbers and symbols.
  • the electroluminescent cell 1 of FIG. 1A is shown in FIG. 2 as being capacitively coupled to the cell electrodes 2 and 3, in which at least one of the electrodes is transparent for the passage of light.
  • the two coupling capacitances 17 and 18 exist because of the glass dielectric between each exterior electrode and the adjacent interior glass wall surface. Although two coupling capacitors l7 and 18 are shown in FIG. 2, one coupling capacitor could be eliminated, and the combination would still be referred to as a capacitively coupled cell.
  • the electroluminescent cell electrodes 2 and 3 are connected to the collectors 4 and 5, respectively, of two signal-translating devices, represented here as NPN transistors 6 and 7.
  • the cell electrodes 2 and 3 are also connected, respectively, by resistors 8 and 9 to a common voltage source 10.
  • the emitters 11 and 12 are both connected to ground.
  • the bases 13 and 14 of the transistors 6 and 7, respectively, are each connected to pulse generators 15 and 16.
  • the following voltages, gas compositions, and pressures utilized in the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 are given by way of example only and are by no means exclusive.
  • the voltage V applied to the cell electrodes 2 and 3 is 250 volts.
  • the voltage necessary to ignite the cell 1 is, for all practical purposes, equal to V the applied voltage to the cell.
  • the cell contains a gas mixture of 99.7 percent neon, 0.2 percent nitrogen, and 0.1 percent argon at a pressure of 200 millimeters of mercury.
  • a pulse is applied to the base 14 at time T causing the base to become positive with respect to the emitter 12, thereby switching the transistor 7 into a conducting state.
  • the impedance of the transistor 7, when conducting, is very low; therefore the cell electrode 3 is effectively driven to ground.
  • the cell electrode 2 remains at 250 volts, therefore impressing a positive voltage V across the cell 1 by means of a path which extends from the voltage source 10, through the resistor 8, across the cell 1 and the coupling capacitors I7 and 18 and through the collector-emitter path of the conducting transistor 7 down to ground.
  • the cell ignites, and discharge occurs at T causing a wall charge to be deposited on the inside glass surface walls of the cell 1.
  • the cell voltage is now l25 volts, since only the wall voltage V, contributed by the wall charge, is across the cell 1.
  • a pulse is applied to the base 13 of the transistor 6, thus switching the transistor 6 into a conducting state.
  • the applied negative voltage V will add to the negative voltage V contributed by the wall charge from the previous discharge, thereby increasing V, to 375 volts.
  • cell will ignite at T;,, causing a wall charge to be deposited on the cell walls of opposite polarity to that of the applied negative voltage initiating the discharge.
  • the pulse to the base 13 is turned ofi, thereby switching the applied voltage across the cell electrodes 3 and 2 to zero and leaving the cell voltage V at volts due to the wall charge.
  • the above operations occur so long as the transistors 6 and 7 are alternately pulsed into conduction.
  • Waveform A of FIG. 4 illustrates the condition when only the transistor 6 is pulsed into conduction. It can be seen that the cell will fire only at time T, because on the next succeeding pulse, at time T the wall charge deposited by the initial discharge at T opposes the applied voltage V therefore lowering the cell voltage V to a level insufiicient for ignition. This is true so long as the level of the applied voltage V does not exceed the algebraic sum of the wall voltage and the firing voltage. In the example cited, applied voltage V could increase to a maximum of just less than 375 volts without causing the cell to fire. A similar analysis holds for the situation where only the transistor 7 is pulsed into conduction.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a first embodiment of the invention in matrix form operating in the time shared full select-half select mode.
  • the illustrated circuit arrangement is designed to drive a seven-segment, six-character display, with each segment representing an electroluminescent cell.
  • the characters may represent alphabetic, numeric, or alpha-numeric characters, depending upon the configuration of the cells, such as that shown in FIG. 1B, and also depending upon the order in which the cells are selected for ignition.
  • the matrix is formed by segment electrodes 19 in the Y direction crossing character electrodes 20 in the X direction.
  • the electroluminescent cells are shown as one capacitor in FIG. 5.
  • One side of each capacitively coupled electroluminescent cell constituting a segment 21 is connected to one of the common segment electrodes 19.
  • each seg' ment electrode 19 extends to the collector 22 of a segment driver transistor 23.
  • the base 24 of the driver transistor 23 is connected to an AND gate 25 for biasing, and the emitter 26 is grounded.
  • the AND gate 25 is connected to a pulse generator 27 and to a line 43, which extends to a serial input-parallel output buffer 28, which can be composed of four parallel flipflops feeding a diode matrix.
  • the buffer 28 is connected to a recirculating shift register 29 through an AND gate 45.
  • the other end of the segment electrode 19 is connected to a resistor 30, which in turn is connected to a voltage source 31.
  • each capacitively coupled electroluminescent cell forming a character symbol is connected to one of the common character electrodes 20, which extends to the collector 32 of a character driver transistor 33.
  • the base 35 of the driver transistor 33 is connected to an AND gate 36, and the emitter 34 of said transistor 33 is grounded.
  • the AND gate 36 is connected to a delay line 37, which is connected to a pulse generator 27.
  • the AND gate 36 is also connected to a line 41, which extends to a character counter 38.
  • the counter 38 is connected to a clock 44, and the clock 44 is further connected to the AND gate 45.
  • the other end of each of the character electrodes 20 extends to a resistor 40, which terminates in the voltage source 31. No specific configuration is given for the character counter 38, which can consist of conventional flip-flop circuits, nor for the clocks or pulse generators, which can be crystal operated oscillators.
  • the circuit of lFllG. 5 will scan (i.e., turn on for display purposes) each character for a specific length of time. Upon displaying all six characters, the scanning process will revert baclt to character one, thereby repeating the operation.
  • the circuit of FIG. 7 differs from that of FIG. 5 in that the resistors 30 and 40 have all been replaced by diodes 87 and 433, respectively, and in the addition of transistors 50 and 51. Since the circuits are substantially the same, identical elements of lFlGS. 5 and 7 have been given the same reference numeral designations.
  • the segment electrodes are connected to the voltage source 311 through the transistor 50, and the character electrodes are connected to the voltage source 3i through the transistor 51.
  • the mode of operation of this embodiment is similar to that of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 5. Assuming that the line 43a is energized, a pulse from the pulse generator 27 will turn on the transistor 51 and will also turn on the segment driver transistor 23a through the AND gate 25a.
  • the delayed pulse at the delay line 37 will turn on the transistor 50 and will also turn on the segment driver transistor 33 through an AND gate Mia.
  • the charging path for the cells connected to the character electrode 200 extends from a potential source 49, through the conducting transistor 50, the diodes 47, the segments 21, and the character driver transistor 33 down to ground, thus resulting in the occurrence of a gaseous discharge in all of the segments 21 connected to the character electrode 20a.
  • the diodes i7 and d8 prevent the formation of any sneak paths.
  • the transistors 50 and 51 provide a fast switching time, thus permitting a higher discharge current with no resultant damage to the driver transistors. Power loss is reduced in the embodiment of FIG. 7 because of the elimination of the resistors employed in the embodiment of HG. 5.
  • an electroluminescent cell including a plurality of wall elements and an electroluminescent material contained within said wall elements;
  • first and second normally nonconducting signal-translating devices each having a plurality of electrodes including an input gate
  • control means also includes means rendering it capable of repeatedly rendering only one of said normally nonconducting signal-translating devices conducting, in which event the electroluminescent cell is ignited only in response to the first rendering of said one of the signal-translating devices conductive by the control means, due to the subtractive effect of the wall charge upon subsequent voltages applied across the electroluminescent cell in the same direction as the initial application.
  • said electroluminescent cell comprises first and second transparent plates, said plates each having inner and outer surfaces, where said first plate has an image etched on its inner surface and said second plate has a mirror image of the image on said first plate etched on its inner surface, said plates assembled together so that said image and said mirror image are in full registration with each other, thereby forming a cavity in which an elec troluminescent gas is encapsulated.
  • An electroluminescent driver control comprising, in combination,
  • each cell having at least one wall portion associated with an electroluminescent element forming part of said cell, said wall portion acting as a capacitor on which a wall charge is formed when said cell is ignited, each cell also having first and second electrodes connected thereto, at least one of which is connected to a wall portion;
  • first signal-translating devices each corresponding to one of the electroluminescent cells, and each having a first electrode acting as an input gate, a second electrode connected to a base reference potential, and a third electrode connected to one of said electrodes of each of said electroluminescent cells;
  • a second signal-translating device having a first electrode acting as an input gate, a second electrode connected to a base reference potential, and a third electrode connected to the other electrode of each of said electroluminescent cells;
  • control means for applying pulses alternatively to the input gates of selected ones of the first signal-translating devices and to the input gate of the second signal-translating devices, whereby the selected electroluminescent cells corresponding to the selected first signal-translating devices are ignited repeatedly so long as the corresponding input gates are pulsed, with unselected electroluminescent cells corresponding to the selected first signaltranslating devices being ignited only during the initial pulsing of the second signal-translating devices, the wall charges on the unselected electroluminescent cells thereafter opposing ignition of these cells,
  • each of said electroluminescent cells comprises first and second transparent plates, said plates each having inner and outer surfaces, where said first plate has an image etched on its inner surface and said second plate has a mirror image of the image on said first plate etched on its inner surface, said plates assembled together so that said image and said mirror image are in full registration, thereby forming a cavity in which a mixture of neon, argon, and nitrogen gas is encapsulated.
  • a matrix electroluminescent driver control comprising, in combination,
  • each cell having at least one wall portion associated with an electroluminescent element forming part of said cell, said wall portion acting as a capacitor on which a wall charge is formed when said cell is ignited, each cell also having first and second electrodes connected thereto, at least one of which said electrodes is capacitively coupled to said cell, and each cell being further connected to a segment and character electrode at each crossover point formed by said segment and character electrodes;
  • first signal-translating devices each corresponding to one of said segment electrodes and each having a first electrode acting as an input gate, a second electrode connected to a base reference potential, and a third electrode connected to a corresponding segment electrode;
  • a plurality of second signal-translating devices each corresponding to one of said character electrodes and each having a first electrode acting as an input gate, a second electrode connected to a base reference potential, and a third electrode connected to a corresponding character electrode;
  • control means for applying pulses alternately to the input gates of selected ones of said first signal-translating devices and selected ones of said second signal-translating devices, whereby selected electroluminescent cells, connected at the crossover points of the selected segment and character electrodes corresponding to the selected first and second signal-translating devices, are ignited repeatedly so long as the corresponding selected first and second signal-translating devices are pulsed into conduction, with half-selected electroluminescent cells connected to selected segment electrodes and unselected character electrodes being ignited only during the initial pulsing of the corresponding selected first signal-translating devices, and with half-selected electroluminescent cells connected to unselected segment electrodes and selected character electrodes also being ignited only during the initial pulsing of the corresponding second signaltranslating devices, the wall charges on the half-selected electroluminescent cells thereafter opposing ignition of these cells.
  • each segment electrode and each character electrode are serially connected by a corresponding diode and transistor to said potential source.
  • each segment electrode and each character electrode are serially connected by a corresponding register to said potential source.
  • electroluminescent gas is a mixture of neon, argon, and nitrogen gas.
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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3729731A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-04-24 Ibm Moving gas panel display system
US3750139A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-07-31 Scm Corp Time matrixing method of energizing selective segments of multi-cell liquid crystal displays
DE2313789A1 (de) * 1972-03-24 1973-10-04 Fujitsu Ltd Steuersystem fuer ein gasentladungspaneel
US3787834A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-01-22 Ibm Liquid crystal display system
US3793629A (en) * 1969-07-04 1974-02-19 Philips Corp Electrical display devices
US3801862A (en) * 1972-11-06 1974-04-02 Ncr Plasma cell voltage control circuit
US3803585A (en) * 1972-03-08 1974-04-09 Fujitsu Ltd Plasma display panel driving system
US3848250A (en) * 1972-08-25 1974-11-12 Casio Computer Co Ltd Optical character-displaying apparatus using liquid crystals
US3882355A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-05-06 Ibm Flat screen display device using controlled cold cathodes
US3976912A (en) * 1972-02-23 1976-08-24 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Electrical supply system and method for improving the operating characteristics of gaseous discharge display panels
US3987337A (en) * 1974-02-07 1976-10-19 Nippon Electric Company, Ltd. Plasma display panel having additional discharge cells of a larger effective area and driving circuit therefor
US4149151A (en) * 1976-05-25 1979-04-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Display data synthesizer circuit
US4152626A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-05-01 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Compensation for half selection in a drive system for a thin-film EL display
EP0035382A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-09 Fujitsu Limited Modular display device and display module therefor
US4591847A (en) * 1969-12-15 1986-05-27 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for gas display panel
US5986647A (en) * 1996-08-06 1999-11-16 Feldman; Bernard Sting addressing of passive matrix displays

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793628A (en) * 1972-09-01 1974-02-19 Ncr Electroluminescent display device
DE3221084C2 (de) * 1982-06-04 1984-05-30 Pavel Dr. 3257 Springe Imris Elektrische Entladungsvorrichtung
FR2998503B1 (fr) 2012-11-29 2014-11-14 Guillaume Sireix Procede et machine d'assemblage de corps tubulaires rigides en materiau cartonne avec une structure obturante

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US3041490A (en) * 1955-05-31 1962-06-26 Rca Corp Electroluminescent apparatus
US3252048A (en) * 1962-10-22 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electroluminescent-ferroelectric display with feedback control
US3258644A (en) * 1966-06-28 Light emitting display panels
US3311781A (en) * 1959-10-02 1967-03-28 Philips Corp Circuit comprising writing and reproducing circuits using electroluminescent and ferrelectric cells
US3340524A (en) * 1963-03-08 1967-09-05 Ind Macchine Elettroniche I M Device for the digital display of data stored in electronic circuits
US3499167A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-03-03 Owens Illinois Inc Gas discharge display memory device and method of operating

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US3258644A (en) * 1966-06-28 Light emitting display panels
US3041490A (en) * 1955-05-31 1962-06-26 Rca Corp Electroluminescent apparatus
US3311781A (en) * 1959-10-02 1967-03-28 Philips Corp Circuit comprising writing and reproducing circuits using electroluminescent and ferrelectric cells
US3252048A (en) * 1962-10-22 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electroluminescent-ferroelectric display with feedback control
US3340524A (en) * 1963-03-08 1967-09-05 Ind Macchine Elettroniche I M Device for the digital display of data stored in electronic circuits
US3499167A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-03-03 Owens Illinois Inc Gas discharge display memory device and method of operating

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793629A (en) * 1969-07-04 1974-02-19 Philips Corp Electrical display devices
US4591847A (en) * 1969-12-15 1986-05-27 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for gas display panel
US3729731A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-04-24 Ibm Moving gas panel display system
US3750139A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-07-31 Scm Corp Time matrixing method of energizing selective segments of multi-cell liquid crystal displays
US3976912A (en) * 1972-02-23 1976-08-24 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Electrical supply system and method for improving the operating characteristics of gaseous discharge display panels
US3803585A (en) * 1972-03-08 1974-04-09 Fujitsu Ltd Plasma display panel driving system
DE2313789A1 (de) * 1972-03-24 1973-10-04 Fujitsu Ltd Steuersystem fuer ein gasentladungspaneel
US3848250A (en) * 1972-08-25 1974-11-12 Casio Computer Co Ltd Optical character-displaying apparatus using liquid crystals
US3801862A (en) * 1972-11-06 1974-04-02 Ncr Plasma cell voltage control circuit
US3882355A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-05-06 Ibm Flat screen display device using controlled cold cathodes
US3787834A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-01-22 Ibm Liquid crystal display system
US3987337A (en) * 1974-02-07 1976-10-19 Nippon Electric Company, Ltd. Plasma display panel having additional discharge cells of a larger effective area and driving circuit therefor
US4149151A (en) * 1976-05-25 1979-04-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Display data synthesizer circuit
US4152626A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-05-01 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Compensation for half selection in a drive system for a thin-film EL display
EP0035382A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-09 Fujitsu Limited Modular display device and display module therefor
US4368467A (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-01-11 Fujitsu Limited Display device
US5986647A (en) * 1996-08-06 1999-11-16 Feldman; Bernard Sting addressing of passive matrix displays

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DK133716C (da) 1976-11-22
ZA704846B (en) 1971-04-28
CH517983A (de) 1972-01-15
BE754223A (fr) 1970-12-31
FR2060078A1 (da) 1971-06-11
FR2060078B1 (da) 1973-01-12
GB1267179A (da) 1972-03-15
DE2038102B2 (de) 1972-07-13
DE2038102A1 (de) 1971-02-18
SE355096B (da) 1973-04-02
NL7011449A (da) 1971-02-08
JPS5032769B1 (da) 1975-10-24
DK133716B (da) 1976-07-05

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