US3608166A - Method of producing pads or mats of mineral fibers - Google Patents

Method of producing pads or mats of mineral fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3608166A
US3608166A US817430A US3608166DA US3608166A US 3608166 A US3608166 A US 3608166A US 817430 A US817430 A US 817430A US 3608166D A US3608166D A US 3608166DA US 3608166 A US3608166 A US 3608166A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mat
fibers
needling
needles
connecting fibers
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US817430A
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English (en)
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Andre Gruget
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Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs

Definitions

  • needling signifies a process which involves passing a plurality of needles provided with roughenings through a pad or mat of fibers dispersed in a direction which preferably extend parallel to the surfaces of the mat, so as to carry along, by movement of the needles, a certain number of fibers to arrange them in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the mat. This process results in a cohesion of the pad and imparts thereto a resistance to traction in all directions, as well as a density greater than it had before the operation.
  • this process can be utilized only in the case where the fibers are pliable and have high elongation or stretch characteristics. Practically, it is employed only for mats or cushions of jute or similar fibers, or of organic synthetic fibers.
  • the obtained results have been bad. If the needling is slight, that is, if the number of perforations of the mat per unit of surface area is reduced, and if the roughenings or barbs of the needles are few in number and indistinct, the resulting cohesion of the pad is weak. On the other hand, if the needling is more intense, the fibers break. The density of the pad is then increased, but without noticeable effect on its cohesion, and the elasticity or resilience is eliminated from the product.
  • This method consists in combining with the mineral fibers of the mat, fibers which are designated hereinafter as connecting fibers, having stretch and pliability characteristics greater than those of the fibers of the mat, and in actuating the needles, which, by their movement, entrain these connecting fibers through the mat. Excellent results are obtainable by the practice of this method, the resulting mat being characterized especially by excellent cohesion.
  • organic fibers such as superpolyarnides, polyester, vinyl chloride, natural or regenerated cellulose, etc.
  • Metallic 3,608,166 Patented Sept. 28, 1971 ice fibers may also be used, for example, copper, aluminum, etc.
  • the connecting fibers may be arranged in heterogeneous fashion with respect to the constituent fibers of the mat, these connecting fibers in that case being carried along by the movement of the needles.
  • the connecting fibers may be scattered at the upper part of the mat without any specially favored orientation, in such a way that the action of the needle barbs is exerted chiefly on the connecting fibers, and these traverse the mat.
  • the connecting fibers may be disposed at the lower part of the mat when the needles with inversely directed barbs tend to carry along said fibers in their ascending movement.
  • the layer of connecting fibers may be arranged in the middle of the mat.
  • the needling operation takes place principally in one or the other parts of the mat.
  • the quantity of connecting fibers to be used may vary in large proportions according to the number of needles per unit of surface, the nature of the needles, the nature of the connecting fibers, and the desired result. From 1% to of connecting fibers may be used. Excellent re sults have been obtained by placing 10% of Nylon fibers on the mat of glass fibers. The thickness and length of the connecting fibers are determined 50 as to obtain the best results as a function of type of needles, their stroke, the density of needling, etc.
  • the part of the mat where the connecting fibers are located may be reheated, in order, for example, to facilitate their elongation.
  • This reheating may be effected, for example, by means of infra-red rays directed toward the mat just before its entry into the needling machine.
  • the connecting fibers may assume the form of a regular mat without cohesion distributed in an air or hydraulic path, for example, by means of a machine called a Curlator comprising a fan sucking the fibers issuing from a wool-comber and depositing them in the form of a thin mat.
  • This mat of connecting fibers may be put in place, by action of conveyor belts above, below, or at the interior of the mat of mineral fibers.
  • connection fibers may be bound together by subjecting it to a needling operation.
  • the fibers may also be joined together by means of a product acting as a hot or cold polymerizable glue.
  • a coherent mat may be used in this form, or on the other hand, it may be subjected to a treatment which suppresses binding or linking before use.
  • a reenforcement or coating layer may be attached to the mat of mineral fibers having the effect of increasing its resistance in the longitudinal or transverse directions.
  • This reenforcement may be located at any desired place of the mat, for example, on the surface or in a central region.
  • a cloth of polyamide or jute, a nonwoven tissue, metallic cloth, etc. may be used, or again, plastic, latex, polyvinyl chloride material, or the like, may be used.
  • underlayers of mineral fibers, particularly glass fibers, and latex such as those described in United States application Ser. No. 747,583, filed July 25, 1968, may be used.
  • underlayers of mineral fibers, particularly glass fibers, and latex such as those described in United States application Ser. No. 747,583, filed July 25, 1968.
  • glass fibers which have received a light oil or grease coating, for example, 2% oil, or a light sizing, for example, 1% to 2%, which has been polymerized before the needling operation.
  • a light oil or grease coating for example, 2% oil
  • a light sizing for example, 1% to 2%
  • the mat is constituted by a felt of glass fibers derived from filaments issuing by centrifugal force from orifices provided in the band of a rotating body, these filaments being transformed into fibers by attenuation, as is well known in the art. These fibers have been oiled with 2.5% of an oily coating.
  • the mat produced from these fibers may have a surface weight of 1100 grams per square meter. It may be covered with a mat of nylon fibers produced by a machine known as a Curlator, and the weight of this last-mentioned mat may be 150 grams per square meter.
  • a reenforcement of nylon tissue may be applied under the lower part of the mat of glass fibers, of the marquisette type, the Weight of which may amount to approximatley 20 grams per square meter.
  • This assembly is placed in a Bowater needling device, equipped with standard type barbed needles.
  • the number of piercings per square centimeter of the mat may be about 12 to 15, the course of the needles being such that all the barbs practically traverse the mat assembly.
  • the quantity of nylon comprising the mat is very slight. The result is that in case of an elevation of temperature of the mat which produces fusion of the nylon, the heat is not transmitted, and the incombustible property of the mat is thus preserved.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are sectional views of a mat of glass fibers at three different stages of the needling operation
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of still another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 shows the needling operation.
  • the mat 1 of mineral fibers, particularly glass fibers, is superposed by a layer 2 of connecting fibers which may be of a polyamide resin, for example.
  • FIG. 1 shows a needle 3 of the needling machine, with barbs 4, before its introduction into the mat.
  • FIG. 2 shows the needle in the course of penetrating the pad and entraining the connecting fibers by the needle barbs.
  • FIG. 3 shows the mat after the needling operation and after a predetermined number of connecting fibers have traversed the mat and thus assuring its cohesion.
  • FIG. 4 shows a mat in accordance with the invention comprising, in addition, an underlayer 5 joined to the mat by the connecting fibers.
  • FIG. 5 shows the mat of mineral fibers 1 with the layer 2 of connecting fibers of synthetic resin disposed at an intermediate level of the mat in the interior thereof as described above, before the needling operation.
  • the needling of the composite mat with barbed needles moving vertically, preferably at a single station effects the transfer of the connecting fibers from the layer 2 to the portions of the mat of mineral fibers above and below the layer to integrate effectively the component layers of the mat by the ascending and descending movements of the barbed needles, without injury to the mineral fibers.
  • the products obtained by the process according to the invention are capable of numerous and very diverse applications. These may include coverings for thermal and acoustic insulation, particularly for walls and floors, vehicle structures and the like, floating floors, filters, packing, and protective tarpaulins or tents, with a fabric combined with the mat.
  • the method of producing a mat of glass fibers of increased density and improved cohesive and tractiveresistent properties which comprises combining with the glass fibers of the mat additional connecting fibers of organic synthetic resinous material having elongation and pliability characteristics greater than that of the glass fibers constituting the mat, said additional fibers being in the form of an integrated pad located in the interior of the mat of glass fibers between the opposite faces thereof, coating the mineral fibers with a sizing or oily composition to facilitate the penetration of the piercing needles and the passage of the connecting fibers therethrough, piercing the assembly with needles with roughenings and thereby entraining by their movement said organic connecting fibers in the interior of the mat and simultaneously interengaging said organic fibers with the layers of glass fibers on the outer portions of the mat, and preheating the connecting fibers immediately before the needle-piercing operation to render them more pliable.
  • connecting fibers of synthetic organic material are selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, vinyl chloride, natural cellulose and regenerated cellulose.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US817430A 1968-05-02 1969-04-18 Method of producing pads or mats of mineral fibers Expired - Lifetime US3608166A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR150268 1968-05-02

Publications (1)

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US3608166A true US3608166A (en) 1971-09-28

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Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3608166A (de)
BE (1) BE732409A (de)
DE (2) DE6915538U (de)
FR (1) FR1575765A (de)
GB (1) GB1249691A (de)
NL (1) NL6906714A (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889035A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-06-10 Marling Ind Limited Fiber-reinforced plastic articles
US3975565A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-08-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Fibrous structure
US4237180A (en) * 1976-01-08 1980-12-02 Jaskowski Michael C Insulation material and process for making the same
US4847140A (en) * 1985-04-08 1989-07-11 Helmic, Inc. Nonwoven fibrous insulation material
US5174231A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-12-29 American Colloid Company Water-barrier of water-swellable clay sandwiched between interconnected layers of flexible fabric needled together using a lubricant
US6071641A (en) * 1997-09-02 2000-06-06 Zguris; George C. Glass fiber separators and batteries including such separators
US6821672B2 (en) 1997-09-02 2004-11-23 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing it
US20050075030A1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2005-04-07 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US20070014995A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Jacob Chacko Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US20070101561A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2007-05-10 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Needled glass mat
US20080066764A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2008-03-20 Apneon, Inc. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US20080066765A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2008-03-20 Apneon, Inc. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US20080280131A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-13 Owens-Corning Fiberglass Technology Inc. Insulation for high temperature applications
US20090174171A1 (en) * 2008-01-04 2009-07-09 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Aluminum flatbed with unique front connection
US20120312307A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2012-12-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US20140248815A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2014-09-04 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Method of forming a web from fibrous materials

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3226041A1 (de) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-12 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren zur herstellung von genadelten fasernblankets aus mineralischen, insbesondere feuerfesten, fasern und nach dem verfahren hergestellte faserblankets
DE3321006A1 (de) * 1983-06-10 1984-12-13 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur herstellung von glasfasermatten
ATE31091T1 (de) * 1984-01-06 1987-12-15 Isolite Babcock Refractories Verfahren zur herstellung einer keramikfasermatte.
FR2566437B1 (fr) * 1984-06-26 1986-12-26 Lnt Tissu composite deformable et extensible dans toutes les directions, incluant des elements metalliques
FR2708953A1 (fr) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-17 Vallon Roger Armature-voile mixte verre-polyester.
FR2734847B1 (fr) * 1995-06-02 1997-07-04 Chomarat & Cie Armature textile utilisable pour la realisation de materiaux composites
DE19706193C2 (de) * 1997-02-18 2001-08-09 Langmatz Lic Gmbh Kunststoff-Fundament
EP3209495B1 (de) * 2014-10-21 2020-05-06 Eco-Technilin SAS Laminiertes verbundmaterial und verfahren zur herstellung eines laminierten verbundmaterials

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889035A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-06-10 Marling Ind Limited Fiber-reinforced plastic articles
US3975565A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-08-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Fibrous structure
US4237180A (en) * 1976-01-08 1980-12-02 Jaskowski Michael C Insulation material and process for making the same
US4847140A (en) * 1985-04-08 1989-07-11 Helmic, Inc. Nonwoven fibrous insulation material
US5174231A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-12-29 American Colloid Company Water-barrier of water-swellable clay sandwiched between interconnected layers of flexible fabric needled together using a lubricant
AU632684B2 (en) * 1990-12-17 1993-01-07 American Colloid Company Water barrier of water-swellable clay sandwiched between interconnected layers of flexible fabric needled together using a lubricant
US7288338B2 (en) 1997-09-02 2007-10-30 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing such mat
US6071641A (en) * 1997-09-02 2000-06-06 Zguris; George C. Glass fiber separators and batteries including such separators
US6306539B1 (en) 1997-09-02 2001-10-23 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Mat of glass and other fibers in a separator of a storage battery
US6821672B2 (en) 1997-09-02 2004-11-23 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing it
US20050130031A1 (en) * 1997-09-02 2005-06-16 Zguris George C. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing such mat
US20080066764A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2008-03-20 Apneon, Inc. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US8074654B2 (en) * 2002-09-06 2011-12-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US20080066765A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2008-03-20 Apneon, Inc. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US20120312307A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2012-12-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Implantable devices, systems, and methods for maintaining desired orientations in targeted tissue regions
US8592329B2 (en) 2003-10-07 2013-11-26 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US20050075030A1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2005-04-07 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Vibrationally compressed glass fiber and/or other material fiber mats and methods for making the same
US20070101561A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2007-05-10 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Needled glass mat
US7509714B2 (en) * 2003-11-28 2009-03-31 Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc Needled glass mat
EP1904414A2 (de) * 2005-07-12 2008-04-02 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, LLC Dünne, mit rotierenden fasern versehene glasisolierung und herstellungsverfahren dafür
US20100151223A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2010-06-17 Jacob Chacko Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US20100147032A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2010-06-17 Jacob Chacko Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US20070014995A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Jacob Chacko Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US8650913B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2014-02-18 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US9133571B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2015-09-15 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same
US7993724B2 (en) 2007-05-09 2011-08-09 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Insulation for high temperature applications
US20080280131A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-13 Owens-Corning Fiberglass Technology Inc. Insulation for high temperature applications
US20090174171A1 (en) * 2008-01-04 2009-07-09 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Aluminum flatbed with unique front connection
US20140248815A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2014-09-04 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Method of forming a web from fibrous materials
US10703668B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2020-07-07 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Method of forming a web from fibrous material
US11939255B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2024-03-26 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Method of forming a web from fibrous material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE732409A (de) 1969-10-30
DE6915538U (de) 1971-05-19
NL6906714A (de) 1969-11-04
DE1919709A1 (de) 1969-11-13
FR1575765A (de) 1969-07-25
GB1249691A (en) 1971-10-13

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