US3606872A - Fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3606872A
US3606872A US53344A US3606872DA US3606872A US 3606872 A US3606872 A US 3606872A US 53344 A US53344 A US 53344A US 3606872D A US3606872D A US 3606872DA US 3606872 A US3606872 A US 3606872A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel injection
suction tube
air
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US53344A
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English (en)
Inventor
Konrad Eckert
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/26—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means varying fuel pressure in a fuel by-pass passage, the pressure acting on a throttle valve against the action of metered or throttled fuel pressure for variably throttling fuel flow to injection nozzles, e.g. to keep constant the pressure differential at the metering valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047—Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air
    • F02M69/22—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air the device comprising a member movably mounted in the air intake conduit and displaced according to the quantity of air admitted to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/28—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for cutting-out the fuel supply to the engine or to main injectors during certain operating periods, e.g. deceleration

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines and is of the type wherein the fuel is injected continuously into the suction tube in which there are disposed in series an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve and a throttle member. The latter, actuated by the upstream and downstream pressure prevailing in the suction tube, controls a metering valve disposed in the fuel conduit and operating with a constant pressure drop.
  • Said system is further of the type that includes at least one fuel injection nozzle in which the fuel is premixed with intake air from the suction tube.
  • the throttle member displaces the throttle needle of the fuel metering valve, the contour of which is designed in such a manner that for each flow rate of air there corresponds a predetermined flow rate of fuel.
  • the momentary flow passage section of the throttle member may be made proportionate to the momentary flow passage section of the fuel metering valve.
  • the shaping of the throttle needle contour is relatively expensive. Further, in particular, the adjustment of the throttle needle and throttle bore of the fuel metering valve with respect to the position of the throttle member,
  • the air with which the fuel is to be premixed may be taken from the suction tube upstream of the throttle members.
  • this air quantity which, too, takes part in the combustion, is not sensed by the throttle member and, accordingly, cannot be accounted for in the metering of the fuel, or, the air may be taken from the suction tube downstream of the throttle members.
  • an air pump is necessary since the pressure or the weight of the air in the suction tube portion downstream of the throttle members is approximately the same as at the location of injection.
  • the fuel metering valve includes a control plunger which has an oblique control edge and which is turnable by the throttle member to thus determine a free flow passage section for the fuel dependent upon its angular position; said control plunger is also axially displaceable for closing completely said flow passage section;
  • a closing member which is adapted to obturate the liquid nozzle and which is open during normal operation; said closing member is operable against a return force by a control liquid admitted through a control conduit;
  • a cylindrical throttle member 2 extends transversely to the direction of air flow into the suction tube 1 through an orifice 4 provided in the tube wall. It is to be understood that the said cylinder' throttle member may be replaced by a pivoting gate or a baflle plate displaceable in the direction of air fiow.
  • the displacement of the throttle member 2 in the suction tube 1 is approximately a linear function of the air quantity passing through the suction tube 1.
  • the pressure prevailing between the throttle member 2 and the butterfly valve 3 remains approximately constant assuming a constant pressure upstream of the throttle member 2.
  • the throttle member 2 is integral with a piston 5, the diameter of which is greater than that of the throttle member 2.
  • the piston S is received with a snug fit by and is displaceable in a cylinder 6.
  • the piston 5 is pulled radially outwardly of the suction tube 1 against the re turn force of a spring 9 by means of the vacuum prevailing in the suction tube portion 1a between the throttle member 2 and the butterfly valve 3.
  • the vacuum conditions prevailing in the suction tube portion 1a are communicated to cylinder 6 through a channel 8.
  • the annular space defined in the cylinder 6 by the throttle member 2 and the adjacent radial annular face of the piston 5 communicates by means of a channel 7 either with the atmosphere or, as shown, with the air inlet 1d of the suction tube 1.
  • the throttle member 2 may be associated with a membrane or any other equivalent actuating means.
  • the slope of the linear function between the displacement of the throttle member 2 and the air quantity depends upon the characteristic of the spring 9, as well as upon the frictional losses between the contacting faces of the sliding members.
  • a toothed rack 10 To the throttle member 2 there is affixed, for simultaneous displacement therewith, a toothed rack 10, the teeth of which mesh with a pinion 12 which is arranged circumferentially about a turnable control plung 11. The latter forms the movable part of the fuel metering valve. It is thus seen that to each axial position of the throttle member 2 there corresponds a determined angular position of the control plunger 11.
  • annular groove 14 In the lateral face of the control plunger 11 there is provided an annular groove 14, one axial boundary of which is formed as an oblique control edge 14' for controlling the flow passage section 22 of a preferably rectangular longitudinal groove 15.
  • a fuel pump 16 which is driven by an electric motor 17, draws fuel from a tank 18 and delivers it through a conduit 19 into the annular groove 14. From the conduit 19 there extends, immediately downstream of pump 16, a return conduit 20 in which there is arranged a pressure limiting valve 21.
  • the fuel flows through the metering flow passage section 22 ,into the groove 15 and therefrom into a bore 23 which leads to a membraneoperated plunger valve 24.
  • the latter which maintains the pressure drop at the metering throttle 22 at a constant value, includes an annular chamber 25 into which merges the bore 23 and a control plunger 26 which is actuated by a membrane 27.
  • the lateral face of the control plunger 26 is provided with an annular groove 28 which communicates with a conduit 29 leading to the fuel injection valve or valves 34 (only one shown).
  • One axial boundary of the groove 28 controls the flow passage section defined jointly by the groove 28 and the chamber 25.
  • the spaces-at either side of the membrane 27 are connected hydraulically by means of conduits with locations upstream of and downstream of the metering throttle 22.
  • the space 27, in which hydraulic pressure tends to displace the valve 24 in the closing direction upon increasing fuel pressure upstream of throttle 22, is connected by means of a conduit 30 with the conduit 19.
  • the space 27" on the other hand, in which hydraulic pressure tends to displace the valve 24 in the opening direction is connected by a channel 31 with the conduit 23.
  • the control plunger 11 is axially displaceable against the force of a return spring 35 which presses it against a fixedly but adjustably held abutment 36.
  • the abutment 36 is, arbitrarily or by means of a suitable device, rotatable whereby the ratio of the flow passage section of the throttle member 2 to that of the fuel metering throttle 22 is varied.
  • Such setting 4 is effected for the pre-adjustment of the flow passage section ratio and also, during starting or hot run of the engine of a richer air-fuel mixture is required.
  • control plunger 11 remote from the abutment 36 ,is surrounded by an electromagnet 37.
  • electromagnet 37 When the latter is energized, the control plunger 11 is displaced axially against the force of a return spring 35.
  • hydraulic communication is interrupted between the annular groove 14 and the groove 15 so that the flow of fuel into the fuel injection valve or valves 34 is cut off. This is particularly required during pushing operation to avoid an excessive ratio of poisonous matter in the exhaust and to prevent a jerky operation of the engine.
  • Each fuel injection valve 34 is provided with a closing member 38 which, during the pushing operation, is, by hydraulic pressure, displaced against the force of a return spring 39 closing thereby the nozzle opening 40 of a liquid nozzle. In this manner it is prevented that during the pushing operation, fuel is drawn from the fuel conduit 29. Such occurrence would again result in the aforenoted disadvantages.
  • a conduit 41 which communicates with an annular groove 42 disposed on the lateral face of the control plunger 11.
  • the annular groove 42 communicates through a channel 43 with a chamber receiving the spring 35.
  • a pressure maintaining valve 44 In channel 43 there is disposed a pressure maintaining valve 44.
  • the latter has solely the purpose to prevent the fuel present in the conduits and channels 41, 42 and 43 from escaping. It does not prevent, however, the closure member 38 of the fuel injection valve 34 from being displaced by the spring 39 into its initial position as shown when the control plunger 11 is in a position as illustrated in the drawing.
  • the fuel is admitted to a vortex chamber 50 of the fuel injection valve through a channel 49 disposed in the nozzle body and through bores 49' disposed tangentially wilh respect to said chamber. From the latter, the fuel is forwarded, in a turbulent condition, into an intermediate air chamber 51 by means of a liquid nozzle 40. Thereafter, the fuel is injected, by means of an intermediate nozzle 52, into the suction tube 1 of the internal combustion engine.
  • air channels 53 (only one shown) provided in the nozzle body.
  • the air channels 53 are connected through a conduit 54- with the suction tube portion 1a extending between the throttle member 2 and the butterfly valve 3.
  • suction tube portion 1a there prevails a pressure which is relatively larger than that prevailing in the suction tube portion into which the fuel injection nozzle 34 merges. Consequently, the air enters from the conduit 54 and channels 53 under pressure into the intermediate air chamber 51.
  • Such condition is advantageous for a good preparation (premix) of the fuel by means of air.
  • the air to be premixed with the fuel is taken from a location in the suction tube which lies downstream of the throttle member, so that this air quantity, too, is taken into account when the fuel is metered.
  • distributors 56, 57 and 58 respectively, which have as many branch conduits as there are injection valves 34 associated with the fuel injection system.
  • a fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines, said system being of the known type that includes (A) a suction tube through which intake air is drawn, (B) an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve disposed in said suction tube, (C) a throttle member disposed in said suction tube and actuated by the air pressure prevailing in said suction tube upstream and downstream of said throttle member, (D) a fuel injection nozzle in which fuel is premixed with air taken from said suction tube, '(E) fuel conduit means to deliver fuel to said fuel injection nozzle, and (F) a fuel metering valve operating with a constant pressure drop in said fuel conduit means and actuated by said throttle member for controlling the flow of fuel to said fuel injection nozzle, the improvement comprising in combination,
  • (B) means connecting said throttle member with said control plunger for turning the latter in response to the displacement of said throttle member to vary said flow passage section
  • J means for establishing communication between said fuel conduit means and said hydraulic conduit for moving said closing member into said closed position when said flow passage section is closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US53344A 1969-07-09 1970-07-09 Fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3606872A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691934705 DE1934705B2 (de) 1969-07-09 1969-07-09 Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage fuer gemischverdichtende, fremdgezuendete brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3606872A true US3606872A (en) 1971-09-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US53344A Expired - Lifetime US3606872A (en) 1969-07-09 1970-07-09 Fuel injection system for externally ignited internal combustion engines

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3606872A (de)
DE (1) DE1934705B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2054293A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1319540A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777726A (en) * 1970-10-28 1973-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection apparatus
US4015571A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-04-05 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel-air mixture controller for internal combustion engines
US4089311A (en) * 1975-07-08 1978-05-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
US4157701A (en) * 1977-06-15 1979-06-12 Hewitt John T Diesel engine control means
US5571243A (en) * 1994-01-15 1996-11-05 Elasis Sistema Ricerca Fiat Nel Mezzogiorno Societa Consortile Per Azioni Pump device for supplying fuel from a tank to an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU5098373A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-07-11 Ford Motor Company Of Canada, Limited System and method for supplying airto a fuel-injected internal combustion engine
DE2924056C2 (de) * 1979-06-15 1982-06-09 Pierburg Gmbh & Co Kg, 4040 Neuss Brennstoffeinspritzeinrichtung
US20140130915A1 (en) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-15 Chris Bonn Low hysteresis fluid metering valve

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777726A (en) * 1970-10-28 1973-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection apparatus
US4015571A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-04-05 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel-air mixture controller for internal combustion engines
US4089311A (en) * 1975-07-08 1978-05-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
US4157701A (en) * 1977-06-15 1979-06-12 Hewitt John T Diesel engine control means
US5571243A (en) * 1994-01-15 1996-11-05 Elasis Sistema Ricerca Fiat Nel Mezzogiorno Societa Consortile Per Azioni Pump device for supplying fuel from a tank to an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1934705B2 (de) 1976-11-18
GB1319540A (en) 1973-06-06
FR2054293A5 (de) 1971-04-16
DE1934705A1 (de) 1971-01-14

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