US3596705A - Long band life wheel-band casting machine - Google Patents

Long band life wheel-band casting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3596705A
US3596705A US6429A US3596705DA US3596705A US 3596705 A US3596705 A US 3596705A US 6429 A US6429 A US 6429A US 3596705D A US3596705D A US 3596705DA US 3596705 A US3596705 A US 3596705A
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Prior art keywords
band
wheel
casting
diameter
strain
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Expired - Lifetime
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US6429A
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John H Murphy
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Southwire Co LLC
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Southwire Co LLC
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Assigned to SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP. reassignment SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SOUTHWIRE COMPANY, (A GA. CORP.)
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Assigned to SOUTHWIRE COMPANY reassignment SOUTHWIRE COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0677—Accessories therefor for guiding, supporting or tensioning the casting belts

Definitions

  • references Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 6/1967 Cofer Primary Examiner-R. Spencer Annear Attorney-Jones and Thomas ABSTRACT A machine for continuously casting metal wherein an endless flexible band is guided into closed relationship with a portion of the peripheral groove of a rotatable casting wheel by a plurality of band guide wheels of substantially the same diameter, and a band positioning wheel of smaller diameter than the band guide wheels is positioned adjacent the periphery of the rotatable casting wheel and is arranged to press the flexible band into positive contact with the casting wheel.
  • the ratio between the thickness of the flexible band and the diameter of the smaller band positioning wheel is such that no more than three times the bending strain is applied by the smaller band positioning wheel to the flexible band than the strain applied by the other band guide wheels.
  • the function of the band guide wheels is to guide the band into engagement with the periphery of the casting wheel to form the arcuate mold, and then to remove the band from the periphery of the casting wheel to open the mold, and guide the band back to its initial mold forming position.
  • One arrangement is to have a single large tensioning wheel spaced above the casting wheel and have the inner surface of the flexible band extend about both the casting wheel and the tensioning wheel.
  • the other typical arrangement is to have the band pass beneath the casting wheel during its return flights, with the band guide wheels engaging the outer" surface of the band. In both arrangements it is desirable to guide the band away from the area above the casting wheel so that the equipment necessary for pouring the molten metal into the mold and extracting the solidified metal from the mold can be positioned in this space.
  • the tensioning wheel or band guide wheels must be sized and positioned to guide the band away from the upper portion of the casting wheels; however, in order that the band be guided away from the upper portion of the casting wheel, it has been found necessary to utilize a relatively small band presser wheel or band positioning wheel to position the band adjacent the casting wheel and urge the band into its initial engagement with the periphery of the casting wheel.
  • the band positioning wheel is of small diameter in order to keep the area above the casting wheel relatively free from encumbrance by the band.
  • the band In the operation of a continuous casting machine f the types generally set forth above, one of the major maintenance problems is the care and replacement of the band. It is necessary that the band be of relatively small thickness so that it can bend and flex as it passes around the casting wheel and band wheels. Also, a relatively thin band transfers the heat from the molten metal more rapidly than a thicker band and allows the molten metal to solidify more rapidly; however, the relatively thin band is more likely to become overheated from the transfer of heat from the molten metal and deteriorate more rapidly than a relatively thick band. Thus, the endless flexible metal band utilized with a continuous metal casting machine must be fabricated with a thickness to withstand substantial heat deterioration, and yet be thin enough to flex around the band wheels.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a casting machine for continuously casting metal that requires less maintenance than the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a casting machine for continuously casting metal wherein the inner surface of the band is passed around the casting wheel and a tension wheel, and the outer surface of the band is engaged by a smaller band positioning wheel.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are graphs which illustrate band strain of the band of the casting machine of FIG. 1; FIG. 2 illustrating band strain with the use of a relatively small band positioning wheel, and FIG. 3 illustrating band strain with the use of a relatively large band positioning wheel.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a casting machine for continuously casting metal wherein the band is guided with its inner surface engaging the casting wheel and its outer surface passing around the band wheels.
  • FIGS. ,5 and 6 are graphs similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3 and illustrate band strain of the band of the casting machine of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 showing band strain when a relatively small band positioning wheel is used. and FIG. 6 illustrating band strain when a larger band. positioning wheel is used.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic detail illustration of the intersection of the band with the casting wheel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a casting machine 10 which includes casting wheel 11., hand tension wheel 12, and band positioning wheel 13. Continuous flexible band 14 extends around casting wheel 11 and band tension wheel 12 an forms an arcuate mold with the peripheral groove (not shown) of casting wheel 11. Band positioning wheel 13 urges band 14 into engagement with the periphery of casting wheel 11.
  • the graphs of FIGS. 2 and 3 represent band strain as the continuous flexible band 14 passes through a cycle about casting wheel 1-1 and band tension wheel 12.
  • the numbered points along the abscissas of the graphs illustrate the corresponding numbered positions about the casting machine, and the ordinates of the graphs illustrate the amount of strain felt by the band.
  • the difference between FIGS. 2 and 3 is the amount of strain felt by the band at point 3 in the band cycle. where a larger band positioning wheel 13 is used for the cycle of the graph of FIG. 3, and a smaller band positioning wheel 13 was used for the cycle of the graph of FIG. 2.
  • FIG, 4 shows casting machine 20 which includes casting wheel 21. band guide wheels 22, 23, 24, and 25, hand positioning wheel 26, and endless flexible metal band 27.
  • the inner surface of band 27 extends about casting wheel 21 and defines a mold with the peripheral groove (not shown) of the casting wheel.
  • the outer surface of band 27 extends about band guide wheels 2225, and about band positioning wheel 26.
  • FIGS. and'6 are graphs of the strain felt by band 27 as it passes through a cycle about casting machine 20.- As with FIGS. 2 and 3, the positions indicated along the abscissas of the graphs of FIGS. 5 and 6 indicate the various corresponding positions noted in FIG. 4 in a single band cycle, withthe difference in FIGS. 5 and 6 being that a larger band positioning wheel 26 was used for the cycle of the graph of FIG. 6 while a smaller band positioning wheel was used for the'cycle of the graph of FIG. 5. f
  • FIGS. 1 and 4 the illustrations are schematic andthe relative sizes of the elements of the casting machines arenot to scale, particularly the sizes of band positioning wheels 13 and 26. Furthermore, it will be apparent from FIGS.'2, 3, 5, and 6 that the sizes of band positioning wheels 13 and'26 are variable for the purpose of illustrating the disclosed invention.
  • the continuous metal bands 14 and 27 4 where flexible, and as with any material they are subject to failure due to fatigue from continuous flexing as the bands pass around the various band wheels and due to the thermal shock experienced in each cycle of the band from the heat exchange from the molten metal poured into the arcuate mold formed between the band and the casting wheel.
  • molten metal 30 initially contacts band 14 when the band is relatively cool and immediately heats band 14 to its highest temperature thus causing a substantial thermal shock.
  • the temperature gradient is illustrated at 31.
  • the increased temperature causes the band to expand lengthwise, and since the surface of the band in direct contact with the molten metal is hotter than the outer surfaceof the band, the inner surface will tend to expand more than the outersurface. If the band were not under tension and extended about the casting wheel, it would normally bend away from the casting wheel. Thus, in order to extend the band around the cur ature of the casting wheel a substantial bending strain is exerted in the band.
  • the bending strain will be proportional to the difference in band surface temperature and band average temperaturc.
  • the thermal strain can be assumed to be the same as that f a band of twice the thickness of band l4, thermal shocked on both sides and cool in the center.
  • a band under these conditions would not bend and would have the same difference between surface and center temperatures as the inner and outer surface temperatures of band l4.
  • the maximum thermal stress at the surface is:
  • a" is a dimensionless stress and is gi en by:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing where a band cycle is plotted.
  • Point 0 is the beginning point of the graph of FIG. 2 and the point on the band after it has left the casting wheel.
  • the band travels around the machine, it undergoes various bending strain conditions as illustrated at the other point of the figures.
  • the remaining portion of the graph of FIG. 2 plots the strain experienced by the band as it travels through one band cycle back toward the 0 position.
  • Positions I and 3 are located in the middle of the curvature of the band as it Passes about tension wheel 12 and band positioning wheel 13, and a graphic presentation is made of band strain at these positions.
  • Position 4 on the graph indicates strain of the band due to the thermal gradient across the band added to band bending strain due to bending the band around the curvature of the casting wheel; the band strain due to its curvature being illustrated by the dashed line.
  • each band can pass around the wheels of a casting machine a certain number of times before it fails. This is called band life. and a relationship has been established between the strain felt by a band during each cycle and its life. If n, represents the number of times a certain strain occurs in a band cycle. and N, is the life associated with this strain range. we can determine the number of band cycles. N. to failure:
  • band failure as calculated above is for complete freeture of the material and it is expected that visible cracks in the band will appear long bef re the band fractures, under normal situations the band will be removed from the casting machine before its fracture.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates data for a band positioning wheel 26 of a diameter of 6 inches and a band thickness of one-eighth inch.
  • FIG. 6 illustrated data for the same casting machine but with a band positioning wheel 26 having a diameter of i2 inches and a band thickness of one-eighth inch. While the strain at position 9 in the band cycle is 0.021 for the smaller band positioning wheel 26, the strain is only 0.0104 for the larger band positioning wheel. Obviously, the band life will be prolonged with the use of the larger band positioning wheel 26.
  • band positioning wheels 13 and 26 With diameters as large as the band tensioning wheel 12 or band guide wheels 22-25; however, the space requirements above casting wheels 11 and 21 require that smaller diameter band positioning wheels be utilized.
  • the strain encountered in the bands at positions 3 (FIG. 1) and 9 (H0. 4) must necessarily be in excess of the strains in the band as the band passes around band guide wheels 22-25 and band tensioning wheel 12, it is desirable to hold the strain encountered in the band to a level no greater than the strain in the band as the band contacts the molten metal, so the band thickness and materials can be selected and gauged for only the highest necessary strain in a single cycle of the band. Since band stain virtually cannot be reduced through a level below that encountered in positions 4 (FIG.
  • the band thicknesses are between approximately 0.074? inch and 0.125 inch, and the band positioning wheels are 12 inches and larger for casting machines of the type illustrated in FIG. s and inches and larger for the casting machines of the type illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the diameter of the guide wheels of the FIG. 4 cutting machines were 36 inches and the diameter oi the tensioning wheel oi the FlG. l casting machine was 60 inches.
  • the ratio between positioning wheel diameter and guide wheel diameter and guide wheel or tensioning wheel diameter is maintained at one to three. This ratio is suitable since approximately three times the amount of band strain is experienced when the band first encounters the molten metal as is experienced when extending about a guide wheel.
  • the diameter of the band positioning wheel is sized to impart no more bending strain to the flexible band than the strain felt by the band as it passes about the casting wheel and is in direct contact with molten metal.
  • Claim 6, line 2 (column 6, line numbered 41) after "flexible band” insert extends Claim 6, line 6 (column 6, line numbered 45) after "band” insert -and-;
  • Claim 9 line 1 (column 6 line numbered 56) change "and" to -band-.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US6429A 1970-01-28 1970-01-28 Long band life wheel-band casting machine Expired - Lifetime US3596705A (en)

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US642970A 1970-01-28 1970-01-28

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US (1) US3596705A (cs)
JP (1) JPS5037608B1 (cs)
BE (1) BE762062A (cs)
CA (1) CA940688A (cs)
DE (1) DE2103349A1 (cs)
ES (1) ES387711A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2077384B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1299302A (cs)
ZA (1) ZA71177B (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027725A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-06-07 Secim Device for restoration of the mechanical characteristics of the metal band in a casting wheel for continuous casting of liquid metal

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326271A (en) * 1966-08-04 1967-06-20 Southwire Co Casting wheel with band positioning device
US3452808A (en) * 1965-08-05 1969-07-01 Ilario Properzi Device for feeding molten metal to a continuous casting device
US3470939A (en) * 1965-11-08 1969-10-07 Texas Instruments Inc Continuous chill casting of cladding on a continuous support
US3474853A (en) * 1968-03-19 1969-10-28 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Apparatus for cooling and supporting the casting belt in a continuous metal casting machine of the drum and belt type
US3529658A (en) * 1967-10-21 1970-09-22 Ilario Properzi Continuous casting wheel with improved cooling arrangement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3452808A (en) * 1965-08-05 1969-07-01 Ilario Properzi Device for feeding molten metal to a continuous casting device
US3470939A (en) * 1965-11-08 1969-10-07 Texas Instruments Inc Continuous chill casting of cladding on a continuous support
US3326271A (en) * 1966-08-04 1967-06-20 Southwire Co Casting wheel with band positioning device
US3529658A (en) * 1967-10-21 1970-09-22 Ilario Properzi Continuous casting wheel with improved cooling arrangement
US3474853A (en) * 1968-03-19 1969-10-28 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Apparatus for cooling and supporting the casting belt in a continuous metal casting machine of the drum and belt type

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027725A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-06-07 Secim Device for restoration of the mechanical characteristics of the metal band in a casting wheel for continuous casting of liquid metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2103349A1 (de) 1972-09-21
ES387711A1 (es) 1973-05-01
FR2077384B1 (cs) 1974-02-15
FR2077384A1 (cs) 1971-10-22
CA940688A (en) 1974-01-29
JPS5037608B1 (cs) 1975-12-03
ZA71177B (en) 1971-12-29
GB1299302A (en) 1972-12-13
BE762062A (fr) 1971-07-01

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Owner name: SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC., A GEORGIA CORP.,GEORGI

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SOUTHWIRE TECHNOLOGY, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005091/0198

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