US3592637A - Method for adding metal to molten metal baths - Google Patents

Method for adding metal to molten metal baths Download PDF

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Publication number
US3592637A
US3592637A US708267A US3592637DA US3592637A US 3592637 A US3592637 A US 3592637A US 708267 A US708267 A US 708267A US 3592637D A US3592637D A US 3592637DA US 3592637 A US3592637 A US 3592637A
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percent
principal
promoter
alloyed
plus
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Expired - Lifetime
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US708267A
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Charles M Brown
Nicholas J Pappas
Harry J Brown
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Elkem Metals Co LP
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Union Carbide Corp
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Assigned to ELKEM METALS COMPANY, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP reassignment ELKEM METALS COMPANY, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A NY CORP.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the addition of metallic materials to molten metal baths. More particularly, the present invention relates to addition agents formed of finely divided solid metal particles having improved solution rates in molten metal baths.
  • manganese is added to molten aluminum in the form of manganese-aluminum alloy containing about 5-20% manganese, to provide increased strength in wrought aluminum products.
  • chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, iron, cobalt, copper, nickel, columbium and other metals are commonly added in pre-alloyed form to molten metal baths to obtain a particular alloy product. Chromium, for example, has been added to aluminum baths to provide improved corrosion resistance and molybdenum, iron, vanadium and chromium have been added to titanium as stabilizers.
  • An addition agent in accordance with the present invention comprises a blended mixture of at least two different finely divided metal bearing materials in particular proportions whereby upon addition to a molten metal bath the metals rapidly dissolve with relatively little temperature drop being developed in the molten metal bath.
  • the addition agent of the present invention can be considered as comprising a solution promoter material and a principal material; the principal material being generally the metal, whose rapid solution is particularly desired.
  • the promoter materials include the following elements:
  • Al Si and the principal materials include the following elements:
  • a principal material when blended in finely divided form with a promoter material, in proportions as hereinafter described, can be dissolved in a metal bath at a remarkably increased rate due to coaction between the principal and promoter elements.
  • the principal material chromium can be blended with the promoter aluminum to provide increased rate of solution for chromium. That is to say, the solution of any principal material, when blended in finely divided form with any promoter, in accordance with the present invention, will be significantly improved.
  • the promoter material can be in the form of an alloy containing at least 50% by weight in the aggregate of promoter elements and in which the aggregate of the principal elements does not exceed a certain value as hereinafter defined.
  • the principal material can be an alloy containing at least 50% by weight principal elements and in which the aggregate of alloyed promoter elements is not more than a specified amount also as hereinafter defined.
  • 0 K The aggregate amount by weight of promoter material in the addition agent.
  • principal elements Wt of Ag 11X percent of alloyed Al in the principal Plus percent Ag X material plus 2X the percent of alloyed Total wt. of Si in the principal material.
  • principal elements Wt. of Ta 19X percent of alloyed Al in the principal Plus percent Ta X materiel plus 3X the percent of alloyed Total wt. of Si in the principal material.
  • relationship (A) as defined above in general represents the overall balance between free or active principal and promoter materials that is required in an addition agent for effective coaction, while relationships (B) and (C) define the amount of free or active principal and promoter elements required, in the principal and promoter materials respectively, for effective coaction and improved solution properties.
  • Relationship (B) shows that only materials containing more than a defined amount of free, i.e. uncombined, unalloyed principal material are suitable, i.e. active enough to function as principal materials, and relationship (C) provides a corresponding relationship for the promoter materials.
  • the definitions Percent Effective Principal Material and Percent Effective Promoter Material further show that the permissible extent of alloying depends upon the particular principal and promoter elements involved.
  • An alloy of about 73.5% Mn, 26.5% Si would however be a suitable principal material.
  • the addition agent is a mixture of 60 parts by weight of finely divided aluminum and 40 parts by weight of finely divided manganese.
  • K 50 parts of Mn+20 parts of Cr) K (50 parts of 80% Al-20% Mn alloy) Percent Effective Principal Material (B) Mn+40% C1 100 Percent Effective Promoter Material (C) 80 2060 thus 15 m EXAMPLE E
  • the addition agent is a mixture of 80 parts by weight of finely divided Mn-5% Al alloy and 20 parts by weight of finely divided 70% Al-30% Mn alloy.
  • the addition agent is a mixture of 40 parts by weight of finely divided manganese, 20 parts by Weight of finely divided 80% V-20% -Al alloy and 40 parts by weight of finely divided aluminum.
  • the addition agent is a mixture of 40 parts by weight of finely divided manganese, 20 parts by weight of finely divided 80% Mn-20% Al alloy and 40 parts by weight of finely divided aluminum.
  • EXAMPLE H The addition agent is a mixture of 200 parts of 50% Mn-20% Ti-20% Al-10% Si alloy and 200 parts of elemental aluminum.
  • the addition agent is a mixture of 50 parts of elemental manganese, 50 parts of 40% Ti-40% Al-20% Si alloy, and 100 parts of elemental aluminum. (Note: The Ti-Al- Si alloy is a promoter material since A1+Si 50%.)
  • the addition agent of the present invention can be used as an uncompacted confined mixture, for example, the mixture of principal and promoter material can be wrapped in metal foil or enclosed in consumable containers. When used in such form it is introduced beneath the surface of the molten bath by customary plunging or immersion devices and techniques. Most often and preferably however the addition agent of this invention is employed in the form of pressed compacts or pellets which preferably have suflicient density so that they sink of their own weight in the molten metal bath.
  • the initial sizing of the constituent promoter and principal materials is important and should be substantially all finer than 20 mesh for optimum solubility and preferably substantially all finer than 65 i 0.039 which is referred to herein as the solution rate K.
  • K substantially all finer than 65 i 0.039 which is referred to herein as the solution rate K.
  • the procedure of this example was followed with other additions to obtain their solution rates and these are listed herein below. Increasing numerical values for K, i.e. more negative values, represent more rapid solution rates.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The procedure of 'Example 1 was followed using 34 gram pellets (78 inch diameter) formed by pressing blended mixtures of materials selected from those listed in Table II(a) at 20,000 psi. in a hydraulic press. The pellets had the densities indicated in Table II(b) which also shows the solution rates obtained.
  • addition agents in accordance with the present invention have very fast solution rates, i.e. more negative values for K.
  • additions P-2, P-3, P-6 and P-l5 of this invention have solution rates several times faster than that of the commercial hardener addition 7 and the fully alloyed 60% Mn-40% Al addition 13.
  • the solution rates for P-3 and the commercial hardener are comparatively illustrated in the drawing.
  • addition agents of the present invention containing about 50% Mn+50% Al (P-3 and P-6) have remarkably fast solution rates.
  • addition agents containing substantially equal amounts and percentages of Effective Principal Material and Effective Promoter Material are preferred.
  • the mesh electrolytic manganese addition 11 provides a respectable solution rate.
  • manganese in this form is not practical as a commercial addition agent for aluminum since it would not readily penetrate the dross which develops on the top of an aluminum bath, oxida tion losses of manganese would be considerable, and there would be problems of pyrophoricity and dusting.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Pellets inch diameter) were made by pressing tungsten powder (7 microns) at 5 ton p.s.i. pressure. Pellets thus prepared were added to a molten aluminum 11 1 bath at 850 C. in an amount sutiicient to provide a 1% tungsten addition. No detectable solution of tungsten was obtained.
  • EXAMPLE 4 Pellets (Ms inch diameter) were made by pressing 50 parts by weight of tungsten powder (7 microns) with 50 parts by Weight of aluminum powder (100-
  • -325 mesh) at 5 ton p.s.i. pressure. Pellets (density 3.7 g./cc.) thus prepared were added to a molten aluminum bath at 760 C. in an amount sufficient to provide a 1% tungsten addition. The solution rate, K, obtained was 0.036. More than 95% of the added tungsten was dissolved.
  • EXAMPLE 5 Pellets A; inch diameter) were made by pressing molybdenum powder (7 microns) at 5 ton p.s.i. pressure. Pellets thus prepared were added to a molten aluminum bath at 850 C. in an amount sufficient to provide a 1% molybdenum addition. No detectable solution of molybdenum was obtained.
  • EXAMPLE 9 Elemental chromium powder (150 XD) was wrapped in metal foil and added to a molten aluminum bath at 790 C. in an amount sutficient to provide a 3 /2% chromium addition. The solution rate, K, obtained was 0.068.
  • the preferred densities for the compacted addition agent of the present invention are from about 65 to 90% of the maximum theoretical density.
  • a process for making metal additions to a molten aluminum bath which comprises introducing into the molten aluminum bath a blended mixture consisting essentially of from about to about 90% of finely divided aluminum and from about 10% to about 90% of at least one finely divided material selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, W, Mo, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Cb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ag, and alloys thereof wherein the metal'addition mixture is substantially all dissolved in the molten aluminum bath at an accelerated rate substantially greater than that which would be obtained with alloyed material of the same constituents and with substantially complete retention of the metal addition constituents.
  • blended mixture is in the form of compacts having a density of from about 65 to 95 of maximum theoretical density.
  • blended mixture is in the form of compacts having a density of from about 65 to 95% of maximum theoretical density and wherein the initial particle sizing of the blended mixture is substantially all finer than mesh.
  • the blended mixture is in the form of a compact having a density of from 65% to 95% of maximum theoretical density, wherein the initial particle sizing of the blended mixture is susbtantially all finer than 20 mesh and wherein such compacts have a maximum thickness of not more than about A; inch.
  • blended mixture contains from about 10% to 90% aluminum and from about 10% to 90% manganese.
  • blended mixture contains from about 10% to about 90% aluminum and from about 10% to about 90% ferromanganese.
  • blended mixture contains from about 10% to about 90% aluminum and from about 10% to about 90% ferrochromium.
  • a process for adding metal additions to a molten aluminum bath which comprises adding to the molten aluminum bath a mixture consisting essentially of from about 10 to about 90% of finely divided aluminum and from about 10 to about 90% of at least one finely divided material selected from the group consisting of manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, ferrochromium and ferromanganese wherein the metal addition mixture is substantially all dissolved in the molten aluminum bath at an accelerated rate substantially greater than that which would be obtained with alloyed material of the same constituents and with substantially complete retention of the metal addition constituents.
  • a process for making metal additions to a molten aluminum bath which comprises introducing into the molten aluminum bath a blended mixture consisting essentially of from about 10% to about 90% of finely divided aluminum and from about 10 to about 90% of at least one finely divided material selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, W, Mo, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Cb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ag, and alloys thereof wherein upon introduction into the molten aluminum bath the aluminum coacts with the selected material and the metal addition mixture is substantially all dissolved in the molten aluminum bath at an accelerated rate substantially greater than that which would be obtained with alloyed material of the same constituents and with substantially complete retention of the metal addition mixture constituents.
  • the blended mixture contains from about 20% to about 80% of finely divided aluminum and from about 20% to about 80% of at least one finely divided material selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, W, M0, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Cb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ag, and alloys thereof.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
US708267A 1968-02-26 1968-02-26 Method for adding metal to molten metal baths Expired - Lifetime US3592637A (en)

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US (1) US3592637A (he)
JP (1) JPS4841405B1 (he)
BE (1) BE728694A (he)
CS (1) CS199224B2 (he)
DE (1) DE1909579C3 (he)
ES (1) ES364055A1 (he)
FR (1) FR2002638A1 (he)
GB (1) GB1264547A (he)
NO (1) NO129408B (he)
PL (1) PL88899B1 (he)
SE (1) SE367437B (he)
SU (1) SU456415A3 (he)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793007A (en) * 1971-07-12 1974-02-19 Foote Mineral Co Manganese compositions
US3933476A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-01-20 Union Carbide Corporation Grain refining of aluminum
US3935004A (en) * 1973-09-20 1976-01-27 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Addition of alloying constituents to aluminum
JPS5179611A (en) * 1975-01-07 1976-07-12 Ngk Insulators Ltd Aruminiumubogokin oyobi sonoseizohoho
US4080200A (en) * 1977-02-23 1978-03-21 A. Johnson & Co. Inc. Process for alloying metals
US4171215A (en) * 1978-07-03 1979-10-16 Foote Mineral Company Alloying addition for alloying manganese to aluminum
US4179287A (en) * 1978-12-19 1979-12-18 Union Carbide Corporation Method for adding manganese to a molten magnesium bath
US4564393A (en) * 1981-12-23 1986-01-14 Shieldalloy Corporation Introducing one or more metals into a melt comprising aluminum
US4581069A (en) * 1982-12-29 1986-04-08 Aluminum Company Of America Master alloy compacted mass containing non-spherical aluminum particulate
US4595558A (en) * 1985-05-17 1986-06-17 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Additive agents for use in the manufacture of molded particulate metal articles
US4729874A (en) * 1985-08-24 1988-03-08 Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft Method of using rapidly dissolving additives for metal melts
EP0275774A2 (fr) * 1986-12-22 1988-07-27 Delachaux S.A. Procédé de réalisation de boulets chrome-aluminium pour l'ajout de chrome dans des bains d'aluminium en fusion
US4832911A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-05-23 Alcan International Limited Method of alloying aluminium
US5037608A (en) * 1988-12-29 1991-08-06 Aluminum Company Of America Method for making a light metal-rare earth metal alloy
US6045631A (en) * 1997-10-02 2000-04-04 Aluminum Company Of America Method for making a light metal-rare earth metal alloy
WO2004067785A1 (de) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-12 Konstantin Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zum dotieren von schmelzen mit hilfe von metallkapseln
WO2009076969A1 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-06-25 Mihhail Terehhov Aluminum-based master alloy for manganese alloying of metal alloys, method for producing thereof and use thereof
US20110033335A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Producing an alloy with a powder metallurgical pre-material
US20110129386A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Use of powder-metallurgical pre-material for producing an nb alloy that is free of inclusions
US8636825B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2014-01-28 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Melting method for producing an inclusion-free Ta-base alloy
CN105274368A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-01-27 三祥新材股份有限公司 一种铝铪合金制备方法
CN105420526A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-03-23 三祥新材股份有限公司 一种铝铪合金的制备方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062677A (en) * 1976-09-16 1977-12-13 Reading Alloys, Inc. Tungsten-titanium-aluminum master alloy
GB2117409B (en) * 1982-01-21 1985-09-11 Solmet Alloys Limited An alloying additive for producing alloys of aluminium and a method such an additive
US4472196A (en) * 1983-06-14 1984-09-18 Shieldalloy Corporation Exothermic alloy for addition of alloying ingredients to steel
DE4327227A1 (de) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-16 Schaedlich Stubenrauch Juergen Kornfeinungsmittel, seine Herstellung und Verwendung
GB2299099A (en) * 1995-03-18 1996-09-25 Christopher Duncan Mayes Process for producing grain refining master alloys.

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793007A (en) * 1971-07-12 1974-02-19 Foote Mineral Co Manganese compositions
US3935004A (en) * 1973-09-20 1976-01-27 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Addition of alloying constituents to aluminum
US3933476A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-01-20 Union Carbide Corporation Grain refining of aluminum
JPS5732699B2 (he) * 1975-01-07 1982-07-13
JPS5179611A (en) * 1975-01-07 1976-07-12 Ngk Insulators Ltd Aruminiumubogokin oyobi sonoseizohoho
US4080200A (en) * 1977-02-23 1978-03-21 A. Johnson & Co. Inc. Process for alloying metals
US4171215A (en) * 1978-07-03 1979-10-16 Foote Mineral Company Alloying addition for alloying manganese to aluminum
US4179287A (en) * 1978-12-19 1979-12-18 Union Carbide Corporation Method for adding manganese to a molten magnesium bath
FR2444723A1 (fr) * 1978-12-19 1980-07-18 Union Carbide Corp Procede d'addition de manganese a un bain de magnesium en fusion
US4564393A (en) * 1981-12-23 1986-01-14 Shieldalloy Corporation Introducing one or more metals into a melt comprising aluminum
US4581069A (en) * 1982-12-29 1986-04-08 Aluminum Company Of America Master alloy compacted mass containing non-spherical aluminum particulate
US4595558A (en) * 1985-05-17 1986-06-17 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Additive agents for use in the manufacture of molded particulate metal articles
US4729874A (en) * 1985-08-24 1988-03-08 Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft Method of using rapidly dissolving additives for metal melts
US4832911A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-05-23 Alcan International Limited Method of alloying aluminium
EP0275774A2 (fr) * 1986-12-22 1988-07-27 Delachaux S.A. Procédé de réalisation de boulets chrome-aluminium pour l'ajout de chrome dans des bains d'aluminium en fusion
EP0275774A3 (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-08-03 Delachaux S.A. Process for preparing chromium-aluminium agglomerates for adding chromium to a melt of aluminium
US5037608A (en) * 1988-12-29 1991-08-06 Aluminum Company Of America Method for making a light metal-rare earth metal alloy
US6045631A (en) * 1997-10-02 2000-04-04 Aluminum Company Of America Method for making a light metal-rare earth metal alloy
WO2004067785A1 (de) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-12 Konstantin Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zum dotieren von schmelzen mit hilfe von metallkapseln
US8268236B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-09-18 Mihhail Terehhov Aluminum-based master alloy for manganese alloying of metal alloys, method for producing thereof and use thereof
WO2009076969A1 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-06-25 Mihhail Terehhov Aluminum-based master alloy for manganese alloying of metal alloys, method for producing thereof and use thereof
US20100313712A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2010-12-16 Mihhail Terehhov Aluminum-based master alloy for manganese alloying of metal alloys, method for producing thereof and use thereof
US8414679B2 (en) 2009-08-06 2013-04-09 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Producing an alloy with a powder metallurgical pre-material
US20110033335A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Producing an alloy with a powder metallurgical pre-material
DE102009056504A1 (de) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-09 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Verwendung von pulvermetallurgischem Vormaterial zur Herstellung einer einschlussfreien Nb-Legierung
US20110129386A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Use of powder-metallurgical pre-material for producing an nb alloy that is free of inclusions
US8394170B2 (en) 2009-12-02 2013-03-12 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Use of powder-metallurgical pre-material for producing an NB alloy that is free of inclusions
US8778262B2 (en) 2009-12-02 2014-07-15 Heraeus Precious Metals Gmbh & Co. Kg Alloy having reduced inclusions
DE102009056504B4 (de) * 2009-12-02 2015-05-28 Heraeus Precious Metals Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung einer einschlussfreien Nb-Legierung aus pulvermetallurgischem Vormaterial für eine implantierbare medizinische Vorrichtung
US8636825B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2014-01-28 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Melting method for producing an inclusion-free Ta-base alloy
CN105274368A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-01-27 三祥新材股份有限公司 一种铝铪合金制备方法
CN105420526A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-03-23 三祥新材股份有限公司 一种铝铪合金的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES364055A1 (es) 1971-02-16
FR2002638A1 (he) 1969-10-31
GB1264547A (he) 1972-02-23
DE1909579B2 (de) 1974-01-31
SU456415A3 (ru) 1975-01-05
NO129408B (he) 1974-04-08
SE367437B (he) 1974-05-27
DE1909579A1 (de) 1969-09-18
PL88899B1 (he) 1976-10-30
DE1909579C3 (de) 1974-08-22
CS199224B2 (en) 1980-07-31
BE728694A (fr) 1969-08-20
JPS4841405B1 (he) 1973-12-06

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